Title of Invention	A PROCESS PREPARING A SYNERGISTIC COMPOSITION FOR THE CONTROL OF HOUSE DUST MITES
Abstract	This invention relates to a process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of house dust mites comprising adding: plant derived acaricidal agent as herein described -0.01-0.1 % wt./vol. plant derived disinfectant agent as herein described-0.1-3 % wt./vol. plant derived protein denaturant as herein described- 0.1-2 % wt./vol. fungi stat agent as herein described -0.1-3% wt./vol. to 99.69 -91.9 wt/vol of dispersing agent of the kind as herein described.

Title of Invention

A PROCESS PREPARING A SYNERGISTIC COMPOSITION FOR THE CONTROL OF HOUSE DUST MITES

Abstract

This invention relates to a process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of house dust mites comprising adding: plant derived acaricidal agent as herein described -0.01-0.1 % wt./vol. plant derived disinfectant agent as herein described-0.1-3 % wt./vol. plant derived protein denaturant as herein described- 0.1-2 % wt./vol. fungi stat agent as herein described -0.1-3% wt./vol. to 99.69 -91.9 wt/vol of dispersing agent of the kind as herein described.

Full Text	This invention relates to a process for preparing a synergistic composition for the comtrol of house dust mites. The said composition is an environment friendly acaricide formulation for the control of house dust mite population in the domestic environment responsible for high incidence of respiratory allergies and process of preparing the same. BACKGROUND The major culprits for dust allergy are mites {Dermatophagoid.es farinae and D. pteronyssinus) prevalent in house dust. Universally, dust mites are minute co-inhabitants in almost every household and can not be seen with the naked eye. They are found in almost all home furnishing textiles and their favourite places are mattresses, cushions, carpets, upholstery and soft toys. The reactions in hypersensitive people range from itchy and watery eyes, repeated sneezes and running nose, cough and bronchial asthma to childhood eczema. The dust on which they thrive may comprise cotton, wool lint, animal and human dander, crumbs, pollens, molds, etc. House dust mites principally feed on human scales which are primarily found in mattresses. Bedding, carpets etc. During occupation, the temperature and humidity of the human body provides an ideal microclimate in the mattresses for dust mites. Development from egg through larva, protonymph, tritonymph to adult requires about a month in cultures, under optimum conditions. An adult mite can live up to three months. Their food comprises of protein particles and fungi present in the dust. Mites may occasionally become airbone during bed-making. It has also been demonstrated that they secrete or release some allergens during bed-making. The allergen may comprise mites, eggs, dead mites and their excreta. A gram of dust mite may contain up to 1000 mites. Most particles of the faeces, whose physical properties are similar to pollen are deposited on the nasal mucosa and carried to the lungs causing localized inflammatory responses because of the high concentration of allergen. Control of mite population in the domestic environment is the best method of preventing house dust allergy. The degree of cleanliness determines the number of house dust mites and the allergen level. Common control measures include vacuum cleaning, treating the carpets and bed spreads with insecticides, acaricides and fungicides. Reducing the mite population by interfering with the food chain been practised. However, a safe, environment friendly and effective formulation based on natural products for the control of house dust mite is not yet commercially available. PRIOR ART Few formulation are commercially available like Acardust. Acaroson. Allerbiocid etc.. containing benzyl benzoate as the active ingredient in combination with a fungicide and a protein denaturant. Benzyl benzoate, the chief acaricide agent in these formulation is toxic at higher concentrations to humans as well a pets. As the effective concentration of benzyl benzoate used in these formulations is very high, its wide spread use as a domestic acaricide could be harmful. In one acaricidal formulation, derivatives of phenols in combination with several natural oils have been used as the active acaricide agent in combination with an antibiotic Natamycin as a fungicide. But the wide spread use of phenolic derivatives and essential oils is not safe from physiological and odour point of view. Moreover, the fungicide as such can not destroy the mites. Apart from this, a few chemicals like benzyl alcohol, primiphos methyl, dibutyl phthalate, gama-hexachlorocyclohexane and diethyl-m-toluamide have been reported in literature as miticides. But from the toxicology and environmental safety point of viewr their use is not recommended Accordingly, the object of this invention is to prepare a mite control composition for domestic use which should have the following characteristics: • All the chemicals used should be safe from the toxicology point of view. • Should have multiple modes of action i.e., it should control the mite population, prevent the growth of fungi, reduce the existing allergen levels, act as a disinfectant as well as prevent the mites from developing resistance to these chemicals. • Should not have an offensive odour. Further, re-establishment of house dust mites after treatment with acaricides is the common problem due to the existence of nymph and eggs. Moreover, the miticide cannot reach the deeper layers of carpets and upholstery. Accordingly, the second object of this invention is to control the mites and prevent its re-establishment by preparing the composition which can not only kill the adult mites but also be a ovicide and a larvicide. To achieve the said objectives this invention provides a process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of house dust mites comprising adding: plant derived acaricidal agent as herein described - 0.01-0.1 % wt./vol. plant derived disinfectant agent as herein described-0.1 -3 % wt./vol. plant derived protein denaturant as herein described - 0.1-2 % wt./vol. fungistat agent as herein described - 0.1-3% wt./vol. to 99.69 - 91.9 wt/vol of dispersing agent of the kind as herein described. The plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin / azadirachtin A of 2-90 % enrichment and preferably of 20-35 % enrichment. The neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids like nimbin, salannin, desacetylnimbin, desacetylsalannin, nimbandiol, azadirachtin-B and salannolacetate for preventing the mites from developing resistance against the active ingredient. The plant derived disinfectant, agent is an alcoholic extract of resins like stryax benzoin and the plant derived protein denaturant is plant polyphenols like tannic acid, condensed tannins, phenolic compounds like gallic acid and phloroglucinol. The fungistat agents are fungicides used in food industry like natamycin, nipagin and the dispersing agents are ethanol, methanol and isopropyl alcohol. The ingredients viz. plant derived acaricidal agent, plant derived disinfectant agent, plant derived protein denaturant and fungistat agent of this composition are solids which are dissolved in an alcoholic solvent (dispersing agent) to give a clear pale brown coloured solution. This invention further relates to mite check composition which comprises. The plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin / azadirachtin A of 2-90 % enrichment and preferably of 20-35 % enrichment. The neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids like nimbin, salannin, desacetylnimbin, desacetylsalannin, nimbandiol, azadirachtin-B and salannolacetate for preventing the mites from developing resistance against the active ingredient. The plant derived disinfectant agent is an alcoholic extract of resins like stryax, benzoin and the plant derived protein denaturant is plant polyphenols like tannic acid, condensed tannins, phenolic compounds like gallic acid, phloroglucinol. The fungistat agents are fungicides used in food industry like natamycin. nipagin and the dispersing agents are ethanol. methanol, isopropyl alcohol. The invention will now be described with refrerence to the following examples. Conclusion: Composition in Table 2 is very efficient in terms of speed of action and mite elimination. The total adult population is immobilized within an hour of treatment. A biweekly spray of 200 μl/100mg of the culture is required for 8 weeks to completely eliminate the population. Reestablishment on treated areas is totally prevented after 8 weeks. After eradication a biweekly prophylactic spray can contain population build up. This shows that the composition prepared is a synergistic composition. We claim: 1. A process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of house dust mites comprising adding: plant derived acaricidal agent as herein described - 0.01-0.1 % wt./vol. plant derived disinfectant agent as herein described-0.1-3 % wt./vol. plant derived protein denaturant as herein described- 0.1-2 % wt./vol. fungistat agent as herein described - 0.1 -3% wt./vol. to 99.69 - 91.9 wt/vol of dispersing agent of the kind as herein described. 2. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin of 2-90 % concentration. 3. A process as claimed in claim 2 wherein the plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin A of 2-90 % concentration. 4. A process as claimed in claims 2 or 3 wherein the plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin / azadirachtin A of 20-35 % concentration. 5. A process as claimed in claim 4 wherein the neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids for preventing the mites from developing resistance against the active ingredient. 6. A process as claimed in claim 5 wherein the neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids like nimbin, salannin, desacetylnimbin, desacetylsalannin, nimbandiol, azadirachtin-B and salannolacetate. 7. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plant derived disinfectant agent is an alcoholic extract of resins like stryax benzoin. 8. A process as claimed in claim 7 wherein said alcoholic extract of resins is stryax benzoin. 9. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plant derived protein denaturant is plant polyphenols. 10. A process as claimed in claim 9 wherein said plant polyphenols is selected from tannic acid, condensed tannins, phenolic compounds like gallic acid and phloroglucinol. 11. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fungistat agents are fungicides used in food industry like natamycin, nipagin. 12. A process as claimed in claim 11 wherein said fungistat agents is natamycin, nipagin. 13. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dispersing agents are ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol. 14. A process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of house dust mites substantially as herein described with reference to the foregoing examples

Full Text

This invention relates to a process for preparing a synergistic composition for the comtrol of house dust mites. The said composition is an environment friendly acaricide formulation for the control of house dust mite population in the domestic environment responsible for high incidence of respiratory allergies and process of preparing the same. BACKGROUND
The major culprits for dust allergy are mites {Dermatophagoid.es farinae and D. pteronyssinus) prevalent in house dust. Universally, dust mites are minute co-inhabitants in almost every household and can not be seen with the naked eye. They are found in almost all home furnishing textiles and their favourite places are mattresses, cushions, carpets, upholstery and soft toys. The reactions in hypersensitive people range from itchy and watery eyes, repeated sneezes and running nose, cough and bronchial asthma to childhood eczema. The dust on which they thrive may comprise cotton, wool lint, animal and human dander, crumbs, pollens, molds, etc.
House dust mites principally feed on human scales which are primarily found in mattresses. Bedding, carpets etc. During occupation, the temperature and humidity of the human body provides an ideal microclimate in the mattresses for dust mites. Development from egg through larva, protonymph, tritonymph to adult requires about a month in cultures, under optimum conditions. An adult mite can live up to three months. Their food comprises of protein particles and fungi present in the dust.
Mites may occasionally become airbone during bed-making. It has also been demonstrated that they secrete or release some allergens during bed-making. The allergen may comprise mites, eggs, dead mites and their excreta. A gram of dust mite may contain up to 1000 mites.
Most particles of the faeces, whose physical properties are similar to pollen are deposited on the nasal mucosa and carried to the lungs causing localized inflammatory responses because of the high concentration of allergen.
Control of mite population in the domestic environment is the best method of preventing house dust allergy. The degree of cleanliness determines the number of house dust mites and the allergen level. Common control measures include vacuum cleaning, treating the carpets and bed spreads with insecticides, acaricides and fungicides. Reducing the mite population by interfering with the food chain

been practised. However, a safe, environment friendly and effective formulation based on natural products for the control of house dust mite is not yet commercially available.
PRIOR ART
Few formulation are commercially available like Acardust. Acaroson. Allerbiocid etc.. containing benzyl benzoate as the active ingredient in combination with a fungicide and a protein denaturant. Benzyl benzoate, the chief acaricide agent in these formulation is toxic at higher concentrations to humans as well a pets. As the effective concentration of benzyl benzoate used in these formulations is very high, its wide spread use as a domestic acaricide could be harmful.
In one acaricidal formulation, derivatives of phenols in combination with several natural oils have been used as the active acaricide agent in combination with an antibiotic Natamycin as a fungicide. But the wide spread use of phenolic derivatives and essential oils is not safe from physiological and odour point of view. Moreover, the fungicide as such can not destroy the mites.
Apart from this, a few chemicals like benzyl alcohol, primiphos methyl, dibutyl phthalate, gama-hexachlorocyclohexane and diethyl-m-toluamide have been reported in literature as miticides. But from the toxicology and environmental safety point of viewr their use is not recommended
Accordingly, the object of this invention is to prepare a mite control composition for domestic use which should have the following characteristics:
• All the chemicals used should be safe from the toxicology point of view.
• Should have multiple modes of action i.e., it should control the mite population, prevent the growth of fungi, reduce the existing allergen levels, act as a disinfectant as well as prevent the mites from developing resistance to these chemicals.
• Should not have an offensive odour.

Further, re-establishment of house dust mites after treatment with acaricides is the common problem due to the existence of nymph and eggs. Moreover, the miticide cannot reach the deeper layers of carpets and upholstery. Accordingly, the second object of this invention is to control the mites and prevent its re-establishment by preparing the composition which can not only kill the adult mites but also be a ovicide and a larvicide.
To achieve the said objectives this invention provides a process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of house dust mites comprising adding:
plant derived acaricidal agent as herein described - 0.01-0.1 % wt./vol.
plant derived disinfectant agent as herein described-0.1 -3 % wt./vol.
plant derived protein denaturant as herein described - 0.1-2 % wt./vol.
fungistat agent as herein described - 0.1-3% wt./vol.
to 99.69 - 91.9 wt/vol of dispersing agent of the kind as herein described.
The plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin / azadirachtin A of 2-90 % enrichment and preferably of 20-35 % enrichment.
The neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids like nimbin, salannin, desacetylnimbin, desacetylsalannin, nimbandiol, azadirachtin-B and salannolacetate for preventing the mites from developing resistance against the active ingredient.
The plant derived disinfectant, agent is an alcoholic extract of resins like stryax benzoin and the plant derived protein denaturant is plant polyphenols like tannic acid, condensed tannins, phenolic compounds like gallic acid and phloroglucinol.
The fungistat agents are fungicides used in food industry like natamycin, nipagin and the dispersing agents are ethanol, methanol and isopropyl alcohol.
The ingredients viz. plant derived acaricidal agent, plant derived disinfectant agent, plant derived protein denaturant and fungistat agent of this composition are solids which are dissolved in an alcoholic solvent (dispersing agent) to give a clear pale brown coloured solution.

This invention further relates to mite check composition which comprises.

The plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin / azadirachtin A of 2-90 % enrichment and preferably of 20-35 % enrichment.
The neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids like nimbin, salannin, desacetylnimbin, desacetylsalannin, nimbandiol, azadirachtin-B and salannolacetate for preventing the mites from developing resistance against the active ingredient.
The plant derived disinfectant agent is an alcoholic extract of resins like stryax, benzoin and the plant derived protein denaturant is plant polyphenols like tannic acid, condensed tannins, phenolic compounds like gallic acid, phloroglucinol.
The fungistat agents are fungicides used in food industry like natamycin. nipagin and the dispersing agents are ethanol. methanol, isopropyl alcohol.
The invention will now be described with refrerence to the following examples.

Conclusion:
Composition in Table 2 is very efficient in terms of speed of action and mite elimination. The total adult population is immobilized within an hour of treatment. A biweekly spray of 200 μl/100mg of the culture is required for 8 weeks to completely eliminate the population. Reestablishment on treated areas is totally prevented after 8 weeks. After eradication a biweekly prophylactic spray can contain population build up. This shows that the composition prepared is a synergistic composition.

We claim:
1. A process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of
house dust mites comprising adding:
plant derived acaricidal agent as herein described - 0.01-0.1 % wt./vol.
plant derived disinfectant agent as herein described-0.1-3 % wt./vol.
plant derived protein denaturant as herein described- 0.1-2 % wt./vol.
fungistat agent as herein described - 0.1 -3% wt./vol.
to 99.69 - 91.9 wt/vol of dispersing agent of the kind as herein described.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin of 2-90 % concentration.
3. A process as claimed in claim 2 wherein the plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin A of 2-90 % concentration.
4. A process as claimed in claims 2 or 3 wherein the plant derived acaricidal agent is neem seed kernel extract containing azadirachtin / azadirachtin A of 20-35 % concentration.
5. A process as claimed in claim 4 wherein the neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids for preventing the mites from developing resistance against the active ingredient.
6. A process as claimed in claim 5 wherein the neem seed kernel extract contains limonoids like nimbin, salannin, desacetylnimbin, desacetylsalannin, nimbandiol, azadirachtin-B and salannolacetate.
7. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plant derived disinfectant agent is an alcoholic extract of resins like stryax benzoin.

8. A process as claimed in claim 7 wherein said alcoholic extract of
resins is stryax benzoin.
9. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the plant derived protein
denaturant is plant polyphenols.
10. A process as claimed in claim 9 wherein said plant polyphenols is
selected from tannic acid, condensed tannins, phenolic compounds like
gallic acid and phloroglucinol.
11. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fungistat agents are
fungicides used in food industry like natamycin, nipagin.
12. A process as claimed in claim 11 wherein said fungistat agents is
natamycin, nipagin.
13. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dispersing agents are
ethanol, methanol, isopropyl alcohol.
14. A process of preparing a synergistic composition for the control of
house dust mites substantially as herein described with reference to the
foregoing examples

Documents:

1882-mas-1997 abstract.pdf

1882-mas-1997 claims.pdf

1882-mas-1997 correspondence others.pdf

1882-mas-1997 correspondence po.pdf

1882-mas-1997 description (complete).pdf

1882-mas-1997 form-1.pdf

1882-mas-1997 form-26.pdf

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Patent Number

182100

Indian Patent Application Number

1882/MAS/1997

PG Journal Number

30/2009

Publication Date

24-Jul-2009

Grant Date

27-Aug-1999

Date of Filing

27-Aug-1997

Name of Patentee

M/S. VITTAL MALLAYA SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Applicant Address

P.B.NO.406, K.R.ROAD, BANGALORE-560 004

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	PILLARISETTI V.SUBBA RAO	VITTAL MALLAYA SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, P.B.NO.406, K.R.ROAD, BANGALORE-560 004
2	RAMASAMY S. ANNADURAI	VITTAL MALLAYA SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, P.B.NO.406, K.R.ROAD, BANGALORE-560 004
3	MALLADI SRINIVAS	VITTAL MALLAYA SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, P.B.NO.406, K.R.ROAD, BANGALORE-560 004

PCT International Classification Number

A01/N 65/00

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA