Title of Invention

"A DRY MOISTURE BARRIER FILM COATING COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF COATING THE SUBSTRATES"

Abstract

A dry moisture barrier film coating composition for forming a moisture barrier film coating for pharmaceutical tablets and the like comprises polyvinyl alcohol, soya lecithin, and optionally a flow aid, a colorant, and/or a suspending agent, A liquid coating solution or dispersion for forming a moisture barrier film coating for pharmaceutical tablets and the like comprises polyvinyl alcohol, soya lecithin, water, and optionally a flow aid, a colorant, and/or a suspending agent. A method of coating pharmaceutical tablets and the like with a moisture barrier film coating comprises forming a liquid coating solution or dispersion for forming a moisture barrier film coating for pharmaceutical tablets and the like comprising polyvinyl alcohol, stoya lecithin, water, and optionally a flow aid, a colorant, and/or a suspending agent, applying the ooating solution or dispersion onto the tablets to form a film coating on the tablets, and drying the film coating on the tablets.

Full Text

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry moisture barrier film coating composition, particularly it relates to a dry moisture barrier film coating composition for forming a moisture barrier film coating for pharmaceutical tablets and the like. It is specifically concerned with coating such substrates with a coating that acts as a moisture barrier. The present invention also relates to a method for coating the substrates. 2. Description of the Prior Art Many medicinal substances and the dosage forms into which they are made undergo degradation during storage due to contact with moisture which has been absorbed from the atmosphere. To combat this degradation, it is frequently necessary for such moisture sensitive dosage forms to be packed in special containers to limit the exposure of the dosage forms to the atmosphere. In territories where the climate is very humid, specialized packaging does not provide a totally satisfactory answer to moisture degradation. Elimination of the need for the special packaging, or augmentation of the moisture protection provided by such packaging, may be achieved in the case of solid dosage forms, such as tablets, capsules and granules, by coating with materials which reduce the rate at which the dosage form absorbs atmospheric moisture. Moisture barrier coatings of this type have been employed previously. The traditional means of providing the moisture barrier characteristics required for moisture barrier coatings, has been by the use of polymers which are soluble in organic solvents or are relatively insoluble in water. The disadvantages of this approach are 1) the need to use either organic solvents or difficult aqueous polymer dispersion techniques to apply these water-insoluble polymer materials, and 2) the reduced aqueous solubility of the coating leading to prolonged disintegration time of the dosage form in the body when ingested, with consequent delayed or reduced activity of the medicinal substance in the tablet. The use of the polymer polyvinyl alcohol, PVA, as a moisture barrier coating has been previously suggested. However, practical usage has been inhibited by the stickiness of grades of the polymer which have a fast enough rate of going into solution in water to make a dispersion to render them economical to use in making the coating. A further problem with the use of PVA is in identifying or selecting a plasticizer which does not compromise the moisture barrier properties of the final coating. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A dry powder moisture barrier coating composition is made to form a moisture barrier film coating for pharmaceutical tablets and the like, which comprises polyvinyl alcohol in combination with soya lecithin, together with, none, one or more of the following components which enhances the desirable coating characteristics of the resulting film coating: a flow aid, a colorant, and a suspending agent. A method of making the moisture barrier film coating powder composition of the invention comprises the steps of mixing polyvinyl alcohol with Soya lecithin and optionally with one or more of thefollowing components, until a dry homogenous powder mixture is produced: a flow aid, a colorant, and a suspending agent, preferably, the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and soya lecithin, or the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol and soya lecithin and any of the following components, if any of the following components is to be included in the coating composition, is milled: a flow aid, a colorant, and a suspending agent. The resulting dry powder coating composition is readily soluble or disperaible in cold water to form a liquid coating solution or dispersion that is ready to use within 4 5 minutes. Another method of making a dry edible film coating composition of the invention comprises producing a mixture of the ingredients processed into a granular form to form a granular coating composition by using any of the following methods: wet massing, fluid bed granulation, spray granulation and dry compaction, roller compaction or plugging. The invention also includes a liquid coating solution or dispersion for forming a moisture barrier film coating which comprises polyvinyl alcohol, soya lecithin, an optional flow aid, an optional colorant, and an optional suspending agent mixed into water. The method of making the liquid coating dispersion of the invention comprises dispersing the dry powder coatjLng composition, the granular coating composition, or the individual ingredients of the coating composition separately, into hot or cold water, and/or milling and/or stirring until a homogenous mixture of a desired correct viscosity is produced. The film former of the coating is the polyvinyl alcohol, which may be GOHSENOL polyvinyl alcohol made by NIPPON GOHSEI, for example. Excellent moisture barrier properties are obtained wher hot water soluble grades of PVA are used in the inventive coating, bulp use of such grades requires that the water of the liquid coating dispersion be heated. The coatings of the invention may use cold water soluble grades of PVA to provide moisture barrier protection, but they provide less moisture barrier protection than that provided by the inventive coatings that use hot water soluble grades of PVA. A preferred grade of PVA for use in the inventive coating is a grade in the medium range (i,e,. the grades of PVA between the grades that dissolve only in hot water and the grades that dissolve very easily in cold water) of PVA because the step of heating the water of the liquid coating dispersion may not be necessary, while still maintaining excellent moisture barrier properties in the inventive coating. The flow aid may be talc, fumed silica, lactose or starch. The colorant may be any food approved colors, opacifiers, or dyes. For example, these may be aluminum lakes, iron oxides, titanium dioxide, or natural colors. The soya lecithin, which may be ALCOLEC soya lecithin made by American Lecithin Company, for example, acts an a anti-tack agent, and surprisingly, and unexpectantly, acts as a plasticizer by locking moisture in the coating so the coating stays flexible and not brittle. Surprisingly and unexpectantly, this locked-in moisture in the coating, while contributing to plasticization, does not compromise the moisture barrier properties of the overall coating. The suspending agent acts as a viscosity modifier stabilizing the coating dispersion. A preferred suspending agent is xanthan gum. Examples of alternative suitable suspending agents include hydroxypropylmethlycellulose (HPMC), alginates, hydroxypropyl cellulose (Hpcj, natural gums, and carboxymethylcellulose. The ranges for each component of the dry coating compositions of the invention are as follows, by weight: Acceptable Preferred Ranges Ranges Polyvinyl Alcohol 20.0% to 99.8% 30 to 99.0% Flow Aid 0.0% to 40.0% 14.0 to 25.0% Colorant 0.0% to 60.o% 25.o to 40.o% Soya Lecithin 0.2% to 10.0% 1.0 to 6.0% Suspending Agent 0.0% to 2.0% 0.15 to 1.0% The ranges for each component of the liquid coating dispersions of the invention are as follows, by weight: Acceptable Preferred Ranges Ranges Polyvinyl Alcohol 5.0 to 40.0% 7.0 to 12.0% Flow Aid 0.0 to 16.0% 3.0 to 5.0% Colorant 0.0 to 24.0% 4.8 to 8.0% Soya Lecithin 0.04 to 4.0% 0.3 to 0.5% Suspending Agent 0.0 to 0.8% 0.07 to 0.12% Water 60.0 to 95.0% 75.0 to 85.0% Accordingly, the present invention relates to a dry moisture barrier film coating composition for forming a moisture barrier film coating for pharmaceutical tablets comprising : polyvinyl alcohol in a range of 20.0% to 99.8% by weight of the coating composition, and soya lecithin in a range of 0.2% to 10.0% by weight of the coating composition, and optionally comprising one or more of flow aid of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 40.0% by weight of the coating composition, colorant of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 60.0% by weight of the coating composition, viscosity modifier of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 2.0% by weight of the coating composition. The present invention also relates to a method of coating substrates with a moisture barrier film coating composition, comprising mixing the dry coating composition as described hereinabove into water to form an aqueous coating solution or dispersion, applying, in the conventional manner the aqueous coating solution or suspension onto a substrate to form a moisture barrier film coating on the substrate, and drying the moisture barrier film coating on the substrate to form a coated substrate coated with a moisture barrier film coating. The claimed composition is a synergistic composition, and is neither a chemical substance prepared by a chemical process involving a chemical reaction nor a mere admixture of its ingredients. DETAILED DESCRIPTION We now turn to the examples of the invention, all ingredients being by weight. EXAMPLE 1 455.2 grams of polyvinyl alcohol, 200.0 grams of talc, 320.0 grams of titanium dioxide, 4.8 grams of xanthan gum, and 20.0 grams of soya lecithin are loaded into a dry powder mill, such as a PK blender, and vigorously mixed therein for 25 minutes or until a homogenous mix is achieved, resulting in one formulation of the inventive dry powder moisture barrier film coating composition. 480 grams of this formulation of the inventive dry powder moisture barrier film coating composition is dispersed in 1701.8 grams of purified water to form an aqueous suspension of the invention. Specifically, 1701.8 grams of purified water at ambient temperature is loaded into a vessel having a diameter that is approximately equal to the depth of the final suspension, A low shear mixer, preferably having a mixing head that has a diameter that is approximately 1/3 the diameter of the mixing vessel, is lowered into the water and turned on to create a vortex from the edge of the vessel down to just above the mixing head without any air being drawn into the water. Then, the 480.0 grams of the moisture barrier film coating powder composition is added to the vortex at a rate where there is no excessive build up of dry powder. The speed or (depth of the mixing head is adjusted to avoid air being drawn into the suspension so as to avoid foaming. The suspension is stirred for 45 minutes and is then ready for spraying onto substrates like pharmaceutical tablets. In this Example 1, 10 Kg of tablets are coated with the coating of the invention so as to obtain about a 4.0% weight gain. The extra 80 grams of the dry powder moisture barrier film coating composition above the 400 grams of the dry powder moisture barrier film coating composition needed to obtain a 4,0% weight gain on the tablets is included to allow for losses of coating composition during the coating procedure. 10 Kg of tablets which have logos embossed therein are loaded into a Manesty Model 10 Acceta-Cota coater, and the tablets are rotated in the coater at a rotation speed of 12 rpm. The tablets are sprayed with the coating suspension of this Example 1 while the tablets are being rotated. Hot air at 60°C is used to evaporate the water in sprayed coating suspension and to maintain the tablets at 38°C. Upon completion of the coating process, the tablets; show a smooth surface with excellent logo definition. In the following Examples 2 to 14, one Kg patches of coating suspension are produced by mixing 220 grams of inventive dry powder moisture barrier coating composition into 780 grams of purified water. These coating suspensions are then sprayed onto tablets. The procedures set out in Example 1 for making the dry powder moisture barrier coating composition, for making the coating suspension, and tor spraying the coating suspension onto tablets are Used in Examples 2 to 14. The coated tablets of theExamples 2 to 14 show a smooth surface with excellent logo definition. EXAMPLE 2 PVA 45.85 458.50 TALC 20.00 200.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM 0.15 1.50 SOVA LECITHIN 2.00 20 .00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 3 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 44.80 448.00 TALC 20.00 200.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM 1,20 12.00 SOYA LECITHIN 2.00 20.00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 4 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 46.52 46S.20 TALC 20.00 200.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM, 0.48 4.80 SOYA LECITHIN 1.00 10.00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 5 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 41.52 415.20 TALC 20.00 200.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 18.00 180.00 YELLOW IRON OXIDE 14.00 140.00 XANTHAN GUM 0.48 4.80 SOYA LECITHIN 6.00 60.00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 6 PVA 31.64 316.40 TALC 34.09 340.90 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM 1.13 11.30 SOYA LECITHIN 1.14 11.40 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 7 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA - 50.40 504.00 TALC 14.40 144.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM, 1.20 10.00 SOYA LECITHIN 2.00 20.00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 9 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 99.00 990.00 SOYA LECITHIN 1.00 10.00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 9 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 99.80 998.00 SOYA LECITHIN 0.20 2.00 100.00 1000.00 , EXAMPLE 10 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 44.00 440.00 TALC 20.00 200.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 18.00 180.00 TARTRAzINE ALUMINUM LAKE 14.00 140.00 XANTHAN GUM 2.00 20.00 SOYA LECITHIN 2.00 20.00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 11 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 50.80 508.00 TALC 14.00 140.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM 1.20 12.00 SOYA LECITHIN 2.00 20.00 100.0.0 1000.00 EXAMPLE 12 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 40.52 405.20 TALC 25.00 250.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM 0.48 4.80 SOVA LECITHIN 2.00 20.Qp 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 13 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 25.52 255.20 TALC 40.00 400.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM 0.48 4.80 SOYA LECITHIN 2.00 20.00 100.00 * 1000.00 EXAMPLE 14 COMPONENT PERSENTAGE GRAMS PVA 45.52 455.30 TALC 20.00 200.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 32.00 320.00 XANTHAN GUM 0.48 4.80 SOYA LECITHIN 2.00 20.00 100.00 1000.00 EXAMPLE 15 A preferred formulation of the inventive boating dispersion is as follows: COMPONENT GRAMS WATER 1170.00 PVA 150.00 TALC 66.00 TITANIUM DIOXIDE 105.75 XANTHAN GUM 1.65 SOYA LECITHIN 6.6Q 1500.00 the coating dispersion of this Example 15 is made and used using the procedures set out in Example 1. It was unexpectedly found that soya lecithin, included for its tack reduction properties, acts as a plasticizer by locking moisture in the coating so as to keep the coating flexible and not brittle. It is also considered unexpected that this moisture while contributing to plasticization, does not compromise the moisture barrier properties of the overall coating. This invention provides the means of preparing a moisture barrier coating for application to pharmaceutical solid dosage forms in which the coating composition material is presented as a dry particle powder or granular powder which is readily dispersible in cold water. The resultant coating solution or dispersion is ready to use by applying it to tablets within 45 minutes. The coating solution or dispersion may also be presented in the form of a ready-to-use liquid, or liquid concentrate Which is diluted prior to use. Compared with existing moisture barrier boatings using water insoluble polymers, there is negligible effect on the disintegration time of the Coated dosage forms coated with the inventive coating. The dry form of the invention is manufactured using rotary mixers or mills. The ingredients are loaded and then milled until a homogenous mix is produced. In the case of liquid dispersions, the ingredients are dispersed into hot or cold water and stirred or milled until a homogenous dispersion or solution of the desired correct viscosity is produced. The dry form of the invention, which comprises a powder of PVA and soya lecithin, and optionally a flow aid, a colorant, and a suspending agent, is dispersed in water and stirred until the PVA is hydrated and a homogenous mixture is produced. The liquid solution or dispersion formed, which comprises PVA, soya lecithin, and any optional components mixed into water, may be ready-to-use or require simple dilution with water prior to use. the resulting coating dispersion is sprayed onto the dosage forms using airless or airborne methods. The movement of air around or through the tablet bed facilitates drying of the film on the tablet surface. WE CLAIM: 1. A dry moisture barrier film coating composition for forming a moisture barrier film coating for pharmaceutical tablets comprising : polyvinyl alcohol in a range of 20.0% to 99.8% by weight of the coating composition, and soya lecithin in a range of 0.2% to 10.0% by weight of the coating composition, and optionally comprising one or more of flow aid of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 40.0% by weight of the coating composition, colorant of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 60.0% by weight of the coating composition, viscosity modifier of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 2.0% by weight of the coating composition. 2. The coating composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol being preferably in a range of 30.0% to 99.0% by weight of the composition, and the soya lecithin being preferably in a range of 1.0% to 6.0% by weight of the composition. 3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the said flow aid being preferably in a range of 14.0% to 25.0% by weight of the composition. 4. The coating composition as claimed in claim 1 to 3, wherein the said flow aid is selected from the group comprising talc, fumed silica, lactose, or starch. 5. The coating composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said colorant being preferably in a range of 25.0% to 40.0% by weight of the composition. 6. The coating composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said colorant is selected from the group comprising any food approved colors, opacifiers or dyes. 7. The coating composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said viscosity modifier being preferably in a range of 0.15% to 1.0% by weight of the composition. 8. The coating composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said viscosity modifier is selected from the group comprising hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose, alginates, hydroxypropyl cellulose, natural gums, carboxymethylcellulose, or combinations thereof, preferably being a xanthan gum. 9. The coating composition as claimed in any of the preceding claims for forming a moisture barrier film coating on substrates, comprising the dry coating composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 1-8 and optionally water. 10. The coating composition as claimed in claim 9, comprising : polyvinyl alcohol in a range of 5.0% to 40.0% by weight of the coating composition, soya lecithin in a range of 0.04% to 4.0% by weight of the coating composition, and water in a range of 60.0% to 95.0% by weight of the coating composition, and optionally comprising one or more of flow aid of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 16.0% by weight of the coating composition, colorant of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 24.0% by weight of the coating composition, viscosity modifier of the kind such as herein described in a range of 0.0% to 0.8% by weight of the coating composition. 11. The coating composition as claimed in claim 10, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol being preferably in a range of 7.0% to 12.0% by weight of the composition, and the soya lecithin being preferably in a range of 0.3% to 0.5% by weight of the composition. 12. The coating composition as claimed in claim 10 or 11, wherein the said flow aid being preferably in a range of 3.0% to 5.0% by weight of the composition. 13. The coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 10-12, wherein the said flow aid is selected from the group comprising talc, fumed silica, lactose, or starch. 14. The coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 10-13, wherein the said colorant being preferably in a range of 4.8% to 8.0% by weight of the composition. 15. The coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 10-14, wherein the said colorant is selected from the group comprising any food approved colors, opacifiers or dyes. 16. The coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 10-15, wherein the said viscosity modifier being preferably in a range of 0.07% to 0.12% by weight of the composition. 17. The coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 10-16, wherein the said viscosity modifier is selected from the group comprising xanthan gum, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose, alginates, hydroxypropyl cellulose, natural gums, carboxymethylcellulose, or combinations thereof. 18. The coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 10-16, wherein the water being preferably in a range of 75.0% to 85.0% by weight of the composition. 19. A method of coating substrates with a moisture barrier film coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, comprising mixing the dry coating composition as claimed in any one of claims 1-8 into water to form an aqueous coating solution or dispersion, applying, in the conventional manner the said aqueous coating solution or suspension onto a substrate to form a moisture barrier film coating on the substrate, and drying the moisture barrier film coating on the said substrate to form a coated substrate coated with a moisture barrier film coating. 20. A method as claimed in claim 19, wherein water is in a range of 60.0% to 95.0% of the said aqueous coating solution or suspension. 21. A method as claimed in claim 19, wherein water is preferably in a range of 75.0% to 85.0% of the said aqueous coating solution or suspension. 22. A dry moisture barrier film coating composition substantially as herein described with reference to the foregoing examples. 23. A method of coating substrates with a moisture barrier film coating substantially as herein described with reference to the foregoing examples.

Documents:

1290-del-1995-abstract.pdf

1290-del-1995-claims.pdf

1290-del-1995-correspondence-others.pdf

1290-del-1995-correspondence-po.pdf

1290-del-1995-description (complete).pdf

1290-del-1995-form-1.pdf

1290-del-1995-form-13.pdf

1290-del-1995-form-2.pdf

1290-del-1995-form-3.pdf

1290-del-1995-form-4.pdf

1290-del-1995-form-6.pdf

1290-del-1995-form-9.pdf

1290-del-1995-gpa.pdf

1290-del-1995-petition-others.pdf