Title of Invention

AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ISRADIPINE

Abstract

The present invention relates to an improved method for the manufacture of Isradipine, 4- (4-Benzofurazan 1 -1 4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3 3,5pyndinedicarboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester. which, involves reacting 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde with methyl acetoacetate in the presence of acetic acid and piperidine in diisopropyl ether. To obtain the product 2-acetyl3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester which is then reacted with iso ro 13-aminocrotonate in ethanol at 25 to 35°C to obtain the product.

Full Text

Field of the invention Tlie present invention relates to an improved method for the manufacture of Isradipine, 4-(4-Benzofura2anyl)-l,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester. More particularly the present invention relates to the process for the manufacture of Isradipine of substantially high purity and relatively free from the symmetrical ester impurities. Background of the invention Isradipine is 4-(4-Benzofiara2anyl)-l,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxyhc acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester having the chemical structure of formula (I). Isradipine is therapeutically indicated for treating cardiovascular diseases. The cardiovascular diseases include angina, pectoris, hypertension and congestive heart failure. It is also used to treat high blood pressure. Isradipine was disclosed in the German specification DE 2949491 and US patent Nos. 4466972 and 4567271. DE 2949491 describes die general procedure to prepare 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. US 4466972, GbU21U3ZU3A, i.u 0088342A9, EP 0000150A1, EP 0000150B1, AU 0538515B2 and other related patents describe the general method for the preparation of Benzoxadiazoles and tiieir derivatives of general formula (II). These references in its entirety is hereby incorporated by reference into this application. Where in Ri is -CH3 and R2 is -CH(CH3)2 it refers to Isradipine of fomula (I). When Ri and R2 are not identical the general procedures described in these patent specifications produces a mixture of isomers of formula (II). These procedures for the preparation of Isradipine is characteristic of formation of the isomeric impurities, 1) 4-(4-Ben2ofura2anyl)-l,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarbox^'lic acid di-methyl ester of formula (III) and 2) 4-(4-Ben2ofurazanyl)-l,4-dihydro-2,6-dimediyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid di-1-mcthylethyl ester of formula (IV) along with Isradipine. The US patent 4466972 describes the preparation of compounds of general formula (II) by refluxing 2, 1, 3-benzoxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde, keto ester and concentrated ammonia or a p-amino ester in presence of elhanol, followed by evaporation and purification by chromatography. These symmetrical ester isomers (III) and (IV) are difficult to separate from the Isradipine and the separation is effected only by a chromatograpliic purifications. The drawback with the procedures described in these patents is that it is very difficult to produce the product in commercial quantities as it involves die purification of the product by chromatographic separations. A single step process for die preparation of Isradipine was described in CH 661270. This procedure involves first reacting 2,l,3-t)enzoxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde with isopropyl acetoacetate in the presence of catalytic quantities of acetic acid and pipetidine in refluxing tokiene, and further reacting it with mediyl-B-aminocrotonate, The Isradipine formed in the reaction mixture was then separated by toluene distillation followed by cyclohexane treatment. The crude product obtained was then crystallised from ethanol to get Isradipine. When we have repeated this process in our laboratory we got the Isradipine with substantially higher amount of symmetrical ester isomers (III) and (IV) are present in the product. Removal of these symmetrical ester isomers is very difficult even after several repurifications from ethanol Objects of the invention The object of die present invention is to provide an improved metliod for the manufacture of Isradipine, 4-(Ben2ofuran2ayl)-l, 4-dihydro - 2, 6 - dimethyl - 3, 5 - pyridine dicarboxylic acid methyl-1-methylethyl ester. It is a further object of the instant invention to obtain Isradipine of substantially liigh purity and relatively free from die symmetrical ester impurities, capable of being used to product commercial quantities of Isradipine pharmaceutical grade. Summary of the invention To acliieve the afore-mentioned objects, the present invention provides for a process for die manufacture of the Isradipine wliich, involves two steps. In die first step 2,l,3-ben2oxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde is reacted with methyl acetoacetate in the presence of acetic acid and piperidine in diisopropyl ether. The product 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofiara2an-4-yl-acr)^lic acid methyl ester is isolated and purified to get substantially high purit}^ product with less than 0.3% 2,1,3-ben20xadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde content present in die purified product. In die second step the purified intermediate 2-acet\4-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acnlic acid methyl ester is reacted watli isopropyl-B-atninocrotonate in ethanol at 25 ro 35"C. The crude Isradipine is cn^stallised from ethanol to get pure Isradipine having substantially higher purit}^ and containing lower amount of the symmetncal ester isomers (III) and (IV). The instant invention specifically provides for an improved method for the manufacture of 4-(4-Benzofizrazanyl)-l,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester comprising the steps of: (i) reacting 2,l,3-benzoxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde with methyl acetoacetate in the presence of acetic acid and piperidine in diisopropyl ether to obtain 2-acetyl-3-benzofiirazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester; (ii) isolating and purifying 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester to obtain purified 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester and (iii) reacting 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester with isopropyl-B-aminocrotonate in ethanol to obtain 4-(4-Benzofurazanyl)-l,4-dihydro-,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic ^id methyl 1-methylethyl ester. Detailed description of the invention The present invention relates to an improved method for the manufacture of Isradipine, 4-(4-Ben2ofura2anyl)-l,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester. More particularly the present invention relates to the process for the manufacture of Isradipine of substantially high purity and relatively free from the symmetrical ester impurities. The present process for the manufacture of the Isradipine involves two steps. The following scheme 1 illustrates a reaction sequence of the present invention for die manufacture of the Isradipine. In die first step, 2,l,3-benzoxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde is reacted with medayl acetoacetate in the presence of acetic acid and piperidine in diisopropyl ether. Tlie reaction is carried out in diisopropyl ether under reflux with simultaneous removal of water formed during the reaction. Removal of the water from the reaction mixture enables die reaction to proceed at a faster rate. The reacaon is r. completed at the end of theoretical amount of water removal from the reaction mixture. The completion of the reaction is determined by qualitative HPLC analysis. In this reaction methyl acetoacetate 0.9 to 1.1 mol is used for even^ 1.0 mol of 2,l,3-ben20xadia2ole-4-carboxaldehyde, preferably 0.95 to 1.0 mol mediyl acetoacetate is used for every 1.0 mol of 2,l,3-ben2oxadia2ole-4-carboxaldehyde. Acetic acid and piperidine are used in catalytic amount, preferably acetic acid 0.25 to 0.30 mol and piperidine 0.08 to 0.06 mol is used for every 1.0 mol of 2,1,3-ben2oxadia2ole-4-carboxaldehyde. This reaction goes to completion after 8 to 12 lir at reflux. The reaction tnixture is then washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, followed by dilute sodium bicarbonate solution and followed by water. The crude product 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester is then obtained by distillation of diisopropyl ether under vacuum. The crude product is then crystallised from diisopropyl edier to get die pure 2-acet)^l-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester having purity more dian 99% (both cis and trans isomers), and it contained less than 0.3% 2,l,3-ben2oxadia2ole-4-carboxaldehyde by HPLC. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crude product is crystalli2ed from ethanol to get substantially pure 2-acet\d-3-benzofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester as it allows for obtaining better vields. In the second step, 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester is reacted with isopropyl-B-aminocrotonate in ethanol at 25 to 40°C and preferably at 25 to 35°C. In this reaction isopropyl-B-aminocrotonate 0.9 to 1.05 mol is used for ever}^ 1.0 mol of 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid mediyl ester, preferably 0.95 to 1.0 mol is used for every 1.0 mol of 2-acetyl-3-benzofura2an-4-yl-acr}^lic acid mediyl ester. This reaction goes to the completion in 6 to 8 lir at 30°C. Ethanol is removed from the reaction mixture at less than 50°C under vacuum to get the concentrate containing Isradipine. The concentrate is dissolved m ethyl acetate and washed with water to remove a iitde amount of the unknown water soluble impurities formed in this reaction. The water washed ethyl acetate I'AVCM is then concentrated at less than 50°C under reduced pressure. The concentrate is dien dissolved in ethanol at 65 to 80°C and cooled to get the 4 Isradipine crystallised from the solution. The product is optionally recrystallised from ethanol to get pure Isradipine having typical purity more than 99.4% and die impurity (III) less than 0.3% and impurity (IV) less than 0.2% and other unknown impurity total less than 0.1% by HPLC analysis. The present invention will now be described in more detail by way of examples, wliich should not be construed as limiting the invention thereto. Example 1 Preparation of 2-acetyi-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester Suspended 2,l,3-benzoxadia2ole-4-carboxaldehyde (50 g, 0.33 mole) in diisopropyl ether (1300 ml) and added methyl acetoacetate (38 g, 0.32 mole), piperidine (2 g) glacial acetic acid (6 g) in to the suspension one after another. Refluxed the reaction mixture at 70 °C with continuous water separation. Removed sample from the reaction mixture and analysed the samples by qualitative HPLC. Washed the reaction mixture with hydrochloric acid (-^3.5 wt %, 250 ml), sodium bicarbonate solution(^ 10 wt %, 250 ml) and water (250 ml, 100 ml). Dried the organic layer over sodium sulphate (25 g) and then distilled diisopropyl ether under vacuum to get crude 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid metliyl ester (yield 70g, HPLC purity 93.4%).. Example 2 Purification of 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester Added diisopropyl ether (100 ml) in to the concentrate containing crude 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester (70 g) as obtained in Example 1, and heated to 50°C and then cooled to 30°C and filtered. The product washed witii diisopropyl ether and repurified from diisopropyl ether and dried at 40°C under vacuum to obtain 50 g tided product (yield = 61%, purity 99.2%, and 0.12% 2,1,3-ben20xadia2ole-4-carbaxaldehyde by HPLC) Example 3 Purification of 2-acetyl-3-benzofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester Added ethanol (160 ml) into the concentrate containing crude 2-acetyl-3-benzofura2an-4-yl-acrylic add methyl ester (70 g) as obtained in Example 1, and heated to 45 to 50^C and stirred for 30 minutes. The content is then cooled to 0 to 5^C and filtered, the product washed with chilled ethanol (20 ml). The product is dried at 40°C under vacuum to obtain 63g tided product (2,l,3-ben2oxadia2ole-4-carbaxaldehyde content is 0.21% by HPLC) Example 4 Preparation of Isradipine using crude 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester Dissolved the crude 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofiira2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester obtained in example - 1 (25 g, 0.10 mol) in absolute ethanol (375 ml) and added in to the solution isopropyl-B-aminocrotonate (13.15 ml, 0.09 mol). Stirred die reaction mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 25-28 °G for 7 hr. Removed sample from the reaction mixture and analysed the sample by qualitative HPLC. Distilled ethanol from the reaction mixture under vacuum at 50°C. Dissolved the residue in ethyl acetate (235 ml) and washed twice with water (90 ml). Dried the organic layer over sodium sulphate and distillation under vacuum at 50 ^C. Dissolved die concentrate in ethanol (65 ml) at 70*^C and slowly cooled to 5°C to get the product cn^stallised. Filtered the product and washed with pre cooled edianol (25 ml). Recrystallised the product from ethanol (60 ml) and dried at 70°C under vacuum to obtain Isradipine (yield = 20 g, purity = 98.2% and Impurit}^ III = 0.64%, Impurit>^ IV = 0.51% by HPLC) Example 5 Preparation of Isradipine using purified 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl- acrylic acid methyl ester Dissolved 2-acetyl-3-benzo£ura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid mediyl ester (25 g, 0.10 mol) in absolute ethanol (375 ml) and added in to the solution isopropyl-B-aminocrotonate (13.15 ml, 0.09 mol). Stirred the reaction mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 25-28 °C for 5 hr. Removed sample from the reaction mixture and analysed the sample by qualitative HPLC. Distilled ethanol from the reaction mixture under vacuum at 50°C. Dissolved the residue in ethyl acetate (235 ml) and washed twice with water (90 ml). Dried the organic layer over sodium sulphate and distillation under vacuum at 50 °C. Dissolved the concentrate in ethanol (65 ml) at 70°C and slowly cooled to 5°C to get the product crystallised. Filtered the product and washed with pre cooled ethanol (25 ml). Recrystallised the product from ethanol (60 ml) and dried at 70°C under vacuum to obtain 25 g Isradipine (yield = 67%, puritj^ 99.5%, Impurity III = 0.20%, and Impurity IV = 0.12% by HPLC) Example 6 Preparation of Isradipine using purified 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl- acrylic acid methyl ester Dissolved the purified 2-acetyl-3-benzofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester obtained in example - 3 (25 g, 0.10 mol) in absolute ethanol (375 ml) and added in to the solution isopropyl-Ii-aminocrotonate (13.15 ml, 0.09 mol). Stirred the reaction mixture under nitrogen atmosphere at 25-28 °C for 5 hr. Removed sample from the reaction mixture and analysed the sample by qualitative HPLC. Distilled ethanol from the reaction mixture under vacuum at 50°C. Dissolved the residue in ethyl acetate (235 ml) and washed twice with water (90 ml). Dried the organic layer over ^lodium sulphate and distillation under vacuum at 50 °C. Dissolved the concentrate in ethanol (65 ml) at 70°C and slowly cooled to 5°C to get the product cr^^stallised. Filtered the product and washed witli pre cooled edianol (25 ml) and dried at 70°C under vacuum to obtain 30g Isradipine (purity = 99.4%, Impurit\^ III = 0.22%, and Impurity IV = 0.11% by HPLC). Throughout this application, various publications are referenced. The disclosures of these publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in order to more fully describe the state of art to wliich diis invention pertains. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplar}^ only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims. We Claim: 1. An improved method for the manufacture of 4-(4-Benzofurazanyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6- dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicafboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester comprising the steps of: (i) reacting 2,1,3-t)en2oxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde with methyl acetoacetate in the presence of acetic acid and piperidine in diisopropyi ether to obtain 2-acetyl-3-t>erv2:ofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester, (ii) isolating and purifying 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl"acrylic acid methyl ester to obtain purified 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester and (ill) reacting 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester with isopropyl-S-aminocrotonate in ethanol to obtain 4-(4-Benzofurazanyl)-1,4-dihydro-,6-dimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester. 2. The improved process as claimed in claim 1 wherein step (iii) is carried out at 25 to 40°C, 3. The improved process as claimed in claim 2 wherein step (iii) is carried out at 2S to 35oC. 4. The improved process as claimed in claim 1 wherein about 0.9 to 1.1 mol of methyl acetoacetate is used for every 1.0 mol of 2,1,3-t)enzoxadiazole-4-carboxaldehyde. 5. The improved process as claimed in claim 4 wherein about 0.95 to 1.0 mol of methyl acetoacetate is used for every 1.0 mol of 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-cartK)xaldehyde. 6. The improved process as claimed in claim 1 wherein acetic acid and piperidine are used in catalytic amount. 7. The improved process as claimed in claim 6 wherein about 0.25 to 0.30 mol of acetic acid and about 0.08 to 0.06 mol of piperidine is used for every 1 mol of 2,1,3-benzoxadiazoie-4-carboxaldehyde. 8. The improved process as daimed in claim 1 wherein the 2-acetyl-3^benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester obtained in step (ii) is crystallized from diisopropyi ether to obtain pure 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester. 9. The improved process as claimed in claim 1 wherein about 0.9 to 1.05 mol of isopropyl-B-aminocrotonate is used for every 1 mol of 2*acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester. 10. The improved process as claimed in claim 9 wherein about 0.9 to 1.00 mol isopropyl-B-aminocrotonate is used for every 1 mol of 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl'acrylic acid methyl ester. 11. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein said 2-acetyl-3-benzofurazan-4-yl-acrylic acid methyl ester is purified by recrystalllzation from a solvent. 12. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the preferred solvents are chosen from ethers, alcohols and mixtures thereof. 13. A process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the 2-acetyl-3-ben2ofura2an-4-yt-acryltc acid methyl ester thereafter is converted to isradipine. 14. An improved method for the manufacture of 4-(4-Ben2ofura2anyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6- dimethyl-3, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid methyl 1-methylethyl ester substantially as herein described with reference to the foregoing examples.

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