| Title of Invention | A FLOW DISTRIBUTION DEVICE FOR A PULP MAKING PROCESS |
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| Abstract | The invention relates to a method and a device for uniformly spreading and distributing a flowing medium, where the medium is distributed via at least two distribution units (1). Each distribution unit (1) comprises a distribution housing (4), a wide outlet opening (2) and a supply pipe (3) for the supply of medium to the distribution housing (4). In each supply pipe (3) a flow controller(13) is located, and all flow controllers (13) are connected to a common control unit (14). The medium flow to each distribution unit (I) is controlled separately to ensure a uniform flow of the medium to each distribution unit (1) and an equally great flow to all distribution units (1). |
| Full Text | A FLOW DISTRIBUTION DEVICE FOR A PULP MAKING PROCESS This invention relates to a method and a device for the uniform spreading and distribution of a flowing medium, for example a pulp suspension, where the medium is distributed via at least two distribution units. As an application example of the invention can be mentioned cellulose and the need of the papermaking industry to form webs of fibrous suspensions, which often are more than 10 metres wide and have very high requirements on uniformity both across and along the manufacturing direction. The uniformity of the webs often is totally decisive for the efficiency and economy of the process. At, for example, liquid treatment, i.e. washing or bleaching and dewatering of fibrous suspensions it is, thus, essential that the pulp is applied to and distributed transversely on a continuous liquid permeable support as uniformly as possible both in the longitudinal and transverse direction. It is equally essential that the treatment liquid is distributed uniformly across the pulp web. A uniform distribution prevents channeli- zation and thereby non-uniform liquid treatment and dewatering. In order to make optimum use of the apparatus equipment, a suspension of cellulose fibers to be dewatered, for example in connection with a liquid treatment, must be supplied at the highest possible concentration and be formed on the support, through which liquid is sucked out. This support can be a liquid permeable roll or a plane wire. The question of highest possible concentration is decided by the capacity of the device to distribute transversely the medium sufficiently uniformly and to form a homogenous web in order to satisfy the demand of the process in question. The difficulty of distributing the fibrous suspension uniformly across the entire width increases rapidly with increasing pulp concentration as a consequence of the increasing shearing strength of the fiber network. Distribution of a flowing medium This invention relates to a method and a device for the uniform spreading and distribution of a flowing medium, for example a pulp suspension, where the medium is distributed via at least two distribution units. As an application example of the invention can be mentioned cellulose and the need of the papermaking industry to form webs of fibrous suspensions, which often are more than 10 metres wide and have very high requirements on uniformity both across and along the manufacturing direction. The uniformity of the webs often is totally decisive for the efficiency and economy of the process. At, for example, liquid treatment, i.e. washing or bleaching and dewatering of fibrous suspensions it is, thus, essential that the pulp is applied to and distributed transversely on a continuous liquid permeable support as uniformly as possible both in the longitudinal and transverse direction. It is equally essential that the treatment liquid is distributed uniformly across the pulp web. A uniform distribution prevents channeli- zation and thereby non-uniform liquid treatment and dewatering. In order to make optimum use of the apparatus equipment, a suspension of cellulose fibers to be dewatered, for example in connection with a liquid treatment, must be supplied at the highest possible concentration and be formed on the support, through which liquid is sucked out. This support can be a liquid permeable roll or a plane wire. The question of highest possible concentration is decided by the capacity of the device to distribute transversely the medium sufficiently uniformly and to form a homogenous web in order to satisfy the demand of the process in question. The difficulty of distributing the fibrous suspension uniformly across the entire width increases rapidly with increasing pulp concentration as a consequence of the increasing shearing strength of the fiber network. Non-uniform distribution of the fibrous suspension not only results in non-uniform dewatering and thereby poor efficiency of the liquid treatment, it also can cause in a press damages on the fibers and, thus, deteriorated pulp quality. In the roll nip between the rolls, for example in a roll press, fiber flocks and thick portions of the pulp web can be subjected to compacting pressures so high that the fibers are damaged in these load- carrying portions. It is, thus, obvious that a uniform distribution of the fibrous suspension and treatment liquid is of greatest importance for the quality of the final product and economy of the process. One type of distribution units used at the distribution of fibrous suspension is described in the patent specification SE 500 546. The distribution unit there comprises a distribution housing with a wide outlet opening and a pipe for the supply of the suspension to the distribution housing. In the distribution housing the suspension is deflected and simultaneously spread in lateral direction and thereafter deflected again in a passage bent in the transverse direction. Such a distribution unit delivers a uniformly distributed and parallel flow. In order to form a web of up to 10 metres width and even greater width, several distribution units are required. Each distribution unit of the type described in SE 500 546 normally is about 0,9m wide, but today they arc found to have widths of up to about 2 metres. For the supply of the suspension to the distribution units, a head box is provided substantially along the entire width of the web. The head box acts as a large equalizing box, in which the pulp shall be uniformly distributed. The head box has an outlet for each distribution unit. From each outlet a pipe extends to its distribution unit. At such a device of known art problems arise in that the pulp web becomes non-uniform seen along the entire width of the web. Each distribution unit brings about a uniform web, but the different distribution units between themselves do not bring about exactly equal webs. Problems also arise because the distribution units at times can plug. The present invention has the object to offer a method and a device for uniformly spreading and distributing a flowing medium to a web, for example a web of pulp suspension, where the medium is distributed via at least two distribution units. It has been mentioned above, that just the uniformity of the web is fully decisive for the efficiency and economy of the process. It was found that the head box at times does not deliver the same flow in all outlets. The flow distribution is achieved by static throttlings. At a pulp flow a pressure drop is created above the throttling of the respective outlet. It is this pressure drop which produces the distribution of the pulp between the different outlets. Especially at low flows the pressure drop created in the throttlings becomes too low for providing a good distribution. This in its turn results in that the different distribution units cannot be fed fully equally which, of course, results in a non-uniform web, seen totally. It is also due to the non-uniform distribution from the head box to the distribution units that the distribution units can plug. The object of the invention is achieved in that each distribution unit separately is fed with suspension via a pipe with flow control, for example by means of valves, which are controlled by a control system. In this way a uniform feed to each distribution unit is ensured and can also be controlled so, that a uniform distribution between the different distribution units is obtained. This means that to all distribution units an equally large flow is obtained. That thereby the head box can be abolished, implies several further advantages. A roll press of conventional type comprises two rotary rolls, which between themselves form a nip for dewatering the suspension. The rolls are mounted in a trough. In order not to block the way when there is need to have access to the press from above, the head box was placed outside the trough, and the distribution housing was supplied with suspension from below and outside the trough. The trough has a certain extension, seen radially, outward from the rolls. As a result thereof, the distribution unit must comprise a transport channel for the transport of the suspension from the outlet opening to the surface where the pulp web shall be formed (the rolls). The longer this transport channel is, the greater becomes the plugging risk. According to the invention, the distribution housing is fed from above. The pipes, through which the suspension is supplied, are not a hinder for the access to the press, if such access is required. The transport channel of the distribution unit can thereby be given a shorter length whereby the transport distances get shorter and, thus, the plugging risk is reduced. In the device according to the invention, as stated above, there is no need for a head box. The design of the trough has been depending on the head box, because they often must constitute one unit together or in any case be arranged adjacent one another. The fact that the head box is not needed renders it much easier to design a good trough, which is important because the trough is a bearing pan. The characterizing features of the invention are defined in the attached claims. A preferred embodiment will be described in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, where: Figure 1 shows a distribution unit; Figure 2 is a section along II-II in Fig. 1; Figure 3 is a section along III-III in Fig. 2; Figure 4 shows a principle of a dewatering device with distribution means; Figure 5 is a section along IV-IV in Fig. 4 with the distribution device formed according to known art; Figure 6 is a section along IV-IV in Fig. 4 with the distribution device formed according to the invention. The Figures 1,2 and 3 show a distribution unit 1 of the type described in SE 500 546. The distribution unit 1 is intended for transverse distribution and forming a web of a flowing medium, for example a pulp web of a fibrous suspension. The distribution unit will be described only roughly, because it is known per se. The distribution unit 1 comprises a distribution housing 4 with a wide substantially rectangular outlet opening 2 and a supply pipe 3 for the fibrous suspension. The outlet opening 2 transforms to a transport channel 11, which has a width equal to the outlet opening 2 and is intended to transport the suspension from the outlet opening 2 to the place where the pulp web shall be formed. The distribution housing 4 is formed with a distribution chamber 5, whrh is located substantially transversally to the supply pipe 3 and extends from the connection of this pipe 3 diverging in the direction to a passage 8 bent in transverse direction. The distribution housing 4 further comprises an outlet chamber 6, which extends in the opposite direction from the defleation at the passage 8 to the outlet opening 2. The two chambers 5,6 are separated by an inner wall 7 in the housing 4 and communicate with each other via the passage 8. The medium is thereby deflected to a substantially uniformly distributed parallel flow at the outlet opening 2. Figure 4 shows in principle a dewatering device seen from above. (The dewatering devices referred to in the Figures shown are of the type described, for example, in the patent specification SE 509 519. The dewatering device comprises at least one rotary liquid permeable roll.) The dewatering device comprises two liquid permeable rolls 9 and for each roll 9 a distribution device 20 for distributing a fibrous suspension on the roll 9. It appears from Figure 4, that the embodiment of a distribution device 20 comprises four distribution units 1. A distribution device 20 can, of course, comprise more or fewer distribution units 1. The number required is decided by the width of each outlet opening 2 (the width of the distribution unit 1) and by the width of the web to be produced. At distribution units 1 of 1 metre width and a roll 9 of 5 metre length, thus, five distribution units 1 are required in order to obtain a pulp web over the entire length of the roll 9. Figure 5 is a section along IV-IV in Figure 4 where the distribution device is formed according to known art. Only half the dewatering device is shown, however, because it is symmetric. The distribution device comprises a head box 12, which substantially extends along the entire length of the roll 9. The head box 12 is located outside a trough 10, in which the roll 9 is mounted. The pulp suspension is fed to the head box 12, for example from a pulp tower, which is not shown. The suspension is distributed in the head box 12 and fed from below into each distribution unit 1 via its pipe 3 to the distribution chamber 5 of the distribution housing 4 and further through the distribution chamber 6 to the outlet opening 2 and further through the transport channel 11 according to the arrows in the Figure. The transport channel 11 opens at the surface of the roll 9 where the pulp web is formed. The length of the transport channel 11 depends on the design of the trough 10. Figure 6 is a section as in Figure 5, but where the distribution device 20 is formed according to the invention. Each distribution unit 1 comprises a supply pipe 3 with a flow controller 13. All flow controllers 13 are connected to a common control unit 14 for controlling the flow. Via the control unit 14 the flow can be so controlled that all distribution units 1 receive a uniform supply of suspension, and that the different distribution units 1 between themselves receive a uniform flow of suspension. Each supply pipe 3 is connected from above to its distribution housing 4. The closer the supply pipe 3 is located to the roll 9, the shorter transport channel 11 is required. In the case when the supply pipe 3 is located immediately adjacent the roll, no transport channel 11 is required. No head box 12 is provided, but the pulp suspension is fed directly, suitably via a pump, from, for example, a pulp tower to each distribution unit 1 via its pipe 3. The term direct is to be understood here also so that from the tower can extend a pipe, which then branches to a pipe 3 to each distribution unit 1. As appears at a comparison between Figures 5 and 6, the transport channel 11 is shorter at a design according to Figure 6. The transport distance of the suspension and the risk of plugging are thereby reduced. A distribution device according to the invention, of course, can also comprise a head box. The flow controllers then are located after the head box. This provides a uniform and equally distributed flow to the distribution units, but is not a preferred embodiment. Although the invention is illustrated with a device for the distribution of a pulp suspension, it is obvious that the invention also is applicable to other flowing media where a uniform distribution is desired. One example thereof is the supply of treatment liquid over a material web. The invention, thus, is not restricted to the embodiments set forth above, but can be varied within the scope of the claims with reference to the description and Figures. WE CLAIM: 1. A distribution device for the uniform spreading and transversal distribution of a flowing medium, where the distribution device (20) comprises at least two distribution units (1), where each distribution unit (1) comprises a distribution housing (4), a wide outlet opening (2) and a supply pipe (3) for the supply of medium to the distribution housing (4), characterized in that in each supply pipe (3) a flow controller (13) is located, where all flow controllers (13) are connected to a common control unit (14) for controlling the flow of medium to each distribution unit (1) and where the medium is supplied from above to each distribution housing (4). 2. A distribution device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that each distribution housing (4) is formed with a distribution chamber (5), which is located substantially transverse to the supply pipe (3) and extends from the connection of this pipe diverging to a passage (8) bent in the transverse direction, and an outlet chamber (6) extending in opposite direction from the passage (8) to the outlet opening (2), and the two chambers (5,6) communicate with each other via the passage (8), so that the medium is deflected to a substantially uniformly distributed parallel flow at the outlet opening (2). 3. A distribution device as claimed in claim 1 or 2. characterized in that the medium is fed directly from, for example, a pulp tower to each distribution unit (1) via its pipe (3). 4. A distribution device as claimed in any one of the claims 1-3, characterized in that it is located in a dewatering device comprising at least one rotary liquid permeable roll (9), and that the flowing medium is a fibrous suspension intended to be distributed uniformly on the roll (9). The invention relates to a method and a device for uniformly spreading and distributing a flowing medium, where the medium is distributed via at least two distribution units (1). Each distribution unit (1) comprises a distribution housing (4), a wide outlet opening (2) and a supply pipe (3) for the supply of medium to the distribution housing (4). In each supply pipe (3) a flow controller(13) is located, and all flow controllers (13) are connected to a common control unit (14). The medium flow to each distribution unit (I) is controlled separately to ensure a uniform flow of the medium to each distribution unit (1) and an equally great flow to all distribution units (1). |
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| Patent Number | 223368 | |||||||||
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| Indian Patent Application Number | 00065/KOLNP/2004 | |||||||||
| PG Journal Number | 37/2008 | |||||||||
| Publication Date | 12-Sep-2008 | |||||||||
| Grant Date | 10-Sep-2008 | |||||||||
| Date of Filing | 20-Jan-2004 | |||||||||
| Name of Patentee | METSO PAPER, INC. | |||||||||
| Applicant Address | P. O. BOX 1220, FIN-00101 HELSINKI | |||||||||
Inventors:
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| PCT International Classification Number | D21F 1/02 | |||||||||
| PCT International Application Number | PCT/SE2002/01286 | |||||||||
| PCT International Filing date | 2002-06-28 | |||||||||
PCT Conventions:
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