Title of Invention

HERBAL INSECT REPELLENT COMPOSITION AND PROCESS OF PREPARATION THEREOF

Abstract

There is provided insect repellent fumigant compositions and processes of preparation thereof. The said insect repellent compositions can either be in the form of incense sticks or joss sticks. Further the products of this invention provide quick relief from insects and particularly flying insects such as mosquitoes, flies, fleas and the like. The products of this invention are eco-friendly, cheap and do not cause any side effects to human beings even after prolonged exposure.

Full Text

COMPLETE AFTER PROVISIONAL FORM-2 LEFT ON 9 NOV 2005 THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970) THE PATENTS RULES, 2003 COMPLETE Specification (See section 10 and rule 13) INSECT REPELLENT COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES OF PREPARATION THEREOF MRS. WANKHEDKAR MAHALAXMIKAMLAKAR an Indian National of C/8, Kadamgiri, Opp.Baroda Bank, Kandivali (E), Mumbai 400 101, Maharashtra, India, THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE INVENTION AND THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS TO BE PERFORMED. FIELD OF INVENTION This invention relates to insect repellent compositions and processes of preparation thereof. Still particularly this invention relates to non-synthetic insect repellent fumigant compositions. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Insects are known to cause extensive damage to mankind, animals and plants. There are well over 1 million different known species of insects in the world, and it is estimated that there might be as many as 10 million. Many insects transmit bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other disease causing pathogens to animals and human beings. Insects such as mosquitoes are responsible for transmitting several diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue, viral encephalitis and the like. Apart from causing extreme physical discomfort and mental agony they cause severe loss in terms of productive time, money and other resources. Several approaches have been used to reduce insect aggravation. Some of them include smoky fires, spreading mud and dust over the body to repel biting and tickling insects etc. But these crude methods often result in skin irritations such as rashes and other symptoms such as burning, itching, allergy and the like. To overcome these drawbacks several insecticides were developed most of which were made of synthetic chemicals. 2 Chemical insect repellent compositions commonly used to get rid of insects such as mosquitoes and their effects on human beings are discussed below: DDT (dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane) -This is a poison that can kill any living creature, including humans, and can cause sterility. It does potentially irreparable damage to the environment. While DDT is a useful tool in fighting malaria, its side effects are dangerous and it is considered as a potential cancer-causing agent. DEET (N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) -This is a chemical that can cause rashes, swelling and eye irritation. They are also suspected to cause brain swelling in children, anaphylactic shock and low blood pressure. Out of the chemical insect repellent fumigants commonly sold and used, allethrin and other synthetic pyrethroids are important ingredients in most compositions (those belonging to the same family include- d-Allethrin, Bioallethrin, Bioresmethrin, S-Bioallethrin, Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Fenothrin, Tetramethrinand the like). A study done by Industrial toxicology research center, Lucknow, India reports that allethrin the chemical used in most repellents is reported to be dangerous, being potentially harmful to the skin, eyes, respiratory tract and the nervous system. A study done on rats showed that the rats suffered from brain, lever and kidney damage after prolonged exposure to liquid repellents. There are also reports of studies in USA and Sweden that long term usage of allethrin could cause- brain damage, blood cancer and damage to the human fetus. The various forms in which chemical and other insect repellents are commonly employed are: Creams -They are applied directly over the body. The creams contain chemicals, which repel the mosquitoes. However they are not very popular, as the creams are rather sticky and inconvenient to use. 3 Coils - They are made by mixing chemicals with substances like coconut shell powder, sawdust, color, perfumes and synthetic or natural gums. The coils burn slowly, releasing the chemicals. Mats - They have a composition similar to coils; the mats are placed in a small heater, which is plugged into an electrical socket. When the mat is heated, the chemicals are released providing relief from mosquitoes. Sprays - These are chemicals in liquid form, sprayed in the area infested with mosquitoes. They are not very popular because of the strong smell of the chemicals. Vaporizers - They make use of small containers of a chemical solution, which is heated gently in an electrically operated apparatus, maintaining a constant temperature. The vapors of the chemicals released offer protection from mosquitoes. Chemical insect repellent fumigants also have other disadvantages. > They cause increased environmental pollution. > The chemical insecticides used to control insect pests may also directly or indirectly harm other components of the ecosystem such as birds, animals, and other useful life forms. > In addition the insects tend to be become immune to the effect of the chemicals over a period of time. However herbal insect repellent preparations do not commonly have any of the disadvantages described for their chemical counter parts. They have the added advantage of providing protection from insects without being fowl smelling, without causing damage to the environment and human beings. The use of herbs for protection against insects and in the treatment of insect bites is an age-old concept. The use of herb-based insecticides is well known and has been discussed in depth in ancient Indian scriptures of Ayurveda such as Charak Samhita and Susruta Samhita etc. 4 Insect repellent compositions can formulated in various ways and used / released in ways such as sprays, baits, slow-release diffusion, coils etc. PRIOR ART Several herb based insect repellent /insecticidal compositions have also been disclosed in prior art: US Patent No. 5,372,817 discloses an insecticidal composition derived from neem oil and neem wax fractions. The insect repellent composition is obtained using a non-polar, hydrophobic solvent. Neem seed extracts, which are substantially free of azadirachtin, are obtained by concentrating the hydrophobic solvent extract and cooling the resulting neem oil to separate a semi-solid neem wax fraction and a clarified neem oil fraction. US Patent No. 5,405,612 discloses an insecticide derived fiom a neem seed extract comprising neem oil, which is substantially free of azadirachtin. The said neem oil being prepared by extracting dried, coarsely ground neem seeds with a non-polar, hydrophobic solvent. CN 1104852A describes an insecticidal composition, composed of 6 traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. The constituents are- lemongrass 10-15%, Eugenia caryophyllata 10-15%, L. foenum graecum 40-50%, pine needle 5-10%, flue-cured tobacco 5-10% and perpermint 5-10%. The above-mentioned medicinal herbs are ground into a powder. To the powder mixture the solution of carboxy methyl cellulose is sprayed uniformly and stirred thoroughly. The invention is safe, non-toxic, does not contaminate clothing and other articles of daily use and environment. The insecticide has a wide range of applications, and is capable of effectively preventing moth or any other insect that eat books, clothes etc. and mildew. Indian Patent IN0187100 reveals a process for the preparation of insecticidal formulation comprising of neem seed kernel extract. 5 However all the inventions described in the prior art either describe the use of herbal ingredient which are mostly liquid compositions with limited applications. Liquid compositions have comparatively lesser dispersibility as compared to fumigant compositions and tend to leave stains or coatings on the surfaces they are used in. Therefore the need was felt for broad-spectrum herbal insect repellent compositions: > Which have higher dispensability as compared to liquid compositions and can effortlessly reach every nook and corner in the area it is used. > Which do not moisten surfaces when they are used. > Which do not leave sediments or residual spots in the areas they are used. > Which could provide relief from insects besides being pleasant smelling and safe for human exposure. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of this invention is to provide broad spectrum, potent insect repellant compositions. Another object of this invention is to provide long acting insect repellant compositions. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellant compositions, which are safe for human beings and animals. Another object of this invention is to provide safe insect repellant compositions, which do not cause allergy, irritation or other side effects to human beings. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions, which do not accumulate in the human system. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions, which do not cause mutations in the insect species. 6 Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions, which do not cause resurgence of the targeted insect species. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions, which are easy to manufacture. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions, which are inexpensive. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions with easily available raw materials. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions wherein less equipment is needed for their manufacture. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent compositions, which have a long shelf life. Another object of this invention is to provide insect repellent fumigant compositions. SUMMARY OF INVENTION This invention provides for a mono or synergistic polyherbal insect repellent comprising an intimate mixture of; (i) 20-500 microns sized powder of the bark of at least one bark selected from a group of barks consisting of Litsea chinensis, Litsea glutinosa , Litsea sebifera and Machilus macarantha 10- 40% of the fumigant composition; (ii) charcoal powder 5-30% of the fumigant composition; (iii) the gum of Cinnamomum camphor a 5-30 % of the fumigant composition; 7 iv) at least one herb selected from a group of herbs consisting of leaf powder of Eucalyptus globulus beneficiated with concentrated eucalyptus oil; 5-65% of the fumigant composition, leaf juice of Azadirachta indica beneficiated with its concentrated oil; 5- 65% of the fumigant composition, crushed leaves of Vitex Negundo; 5-65% of the fumigant composition, leaf or seed powder Ocimum Sanctum; 5- 65% of the fumigant composition, a mixture of powdered leaf and gel paste of Aloe vera; 5- 30% of the fumigant composition. The aforesaid ingredients are blended together in a homogenous mixture to obtain a fumigant composition, which are burnt to get rid of insects. The insect repellent compositions of the present invention can be prepared in various forms such as joss-sticks, incense sticks, bricks, cones, candles, beads, pellets, tablets and the like The product of this invention is particularly useful in containing the growth and propagation of insects and particularly flying insects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION: The botanical references of the base materials used in the fumigant composition of the present invention are as follows: 1) Botanical name : Litsea species (e.g. Litsea sebifera) Habitat : Common in upper India, especially in Bengal and in the hills of South India. Parts used : The bark contains mucilage and laurotetanine-an alkaloid. 2) Botanical name : Machilus macarantha Habitat : Common in the hills of South India, also found in Bihar and the Deccan peninsula 8 Parts used Preparations/Uses 3) Botanical name Sanskrit name Popular english name Habitat Parts used Preparations/Uses :Bark : It functions as an adhesive or binder in the manufacture of incense sticks. The bark powder being a good binder blends well with other raw materials : Cinnamomum camphora : Karpoora : Camphor : China, Japan, and adjacent parts of East asia. : Gum. camphor is obtained as colourless or white crystals, granules or granular masses. Camphor has a strong, penetrating, fragrant odour, a bitter, pungent taste, and is slightly cold to the touch. Camphor has a long history of herbal use in the Orient with a wide range of uses. The botanical references of the insecticidal herbal ingredients used in the fumigant composition of the present invention are as follows: 1) Botanical name Sanskrit name Popular English name Habitat Parts used Constituents Preparations/Uses : Eucalyptus Sp (Eucalyptus globulus) : Tailapatra, Tailaparna, Sugandhapatra : The Australian Fever Tree : A native of Australia, now being cultivated on the highlands of India, chiefly on the Nilgiris. : Dried leaves, gum (eucalyptus Kino), exudation from the stem, and oil distilled from the fresh leaves. : Leaves contain volatile oil 6%, tannin, a alcohol, a crystallizable fatty acid and a resin. : Antimalarial properties, Antiseptic 9 2) Botanical name : Azadirachta indica/Melia azadirachta Sanskrit name : Ravipriya; Vembaka; Vranshodhkari, Nimba. Popular English name : Neem Habitat : Indigenous to and cultivated nearly all over India and Burma. Parts used : Leaves, Root-bark, fruit or berry, seeds, flowers, oil and gum. Constituents : Leaves contain a small quantity of a bitter alkaloid. Preparations/Uses : Leaves are bitter, astringent, acrid, antiseptic, Anthelmintic. 3) Botanical name : Vitex Negundo Sanskrit name : Sephalika, Sindhuvaram, Nirgundi. Popular English name :Five-leaved Chaste Tree. Habitat :Bengal, Southern India and Burma. Parts used :Root, fruit, flowers, leaves and bark. Constituents :Leaves contain a colorless essential oil. Preparations/Uses :Leaves are externally anti- parasitic. Leaves are very efficacious in dispelling inflammatory swellings of the Points from acute rheumatism, leech bites etc. 4) Botanical name : Ocimum Sanctum Sanskrit name : Vishnupriya; Tulasi. Popular english name : Holy Basil, Tulsi Habitat : This small herb is found through out Indian and cultivated near houses and temples. Parts used :Leaves, Seeds and roots. Constituents : Leaves contain a yellowish green essential oil. Seeds contain large amount of mucilage. 10 Preparations/Uses : Leaves are fragrant and aromatic. Juice of the plant is anthelmintic. The leaves are used for flavoring. 5) Botanical name : Aloe vera Sanskrit name : Kumaari; Grihkanya; Ghritkumaarika; Kanya Popular english name : Aloe vera Habitat : Cultivated throughout India, on the coasts of Maharashtra, Gujarat and South India. Native to eastern and southern Africa. Aloe vera grows wild in the tropics and is cultivated extensively worldwide. Parts used : Expressed and dried juice of leaves and pulp Preparations/ Uses : Aloe is known to have excellent wound healing properties. METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE INSECT REPELLENT COMPOSITION: The following steps are followed diligently while preparing the insecticidal composition. 1. The herbal ingredients are plucked carefully taking the help of a botanist experienced in identifying and handling the herbs required for the insect repellent compositions. All the leaves and seeds are cleaned with fresh, clean demineralized water and dried in shade for a time just sufficient to remove the surface moisture. 2. Care is taken that all the herbal ingredients are healthy, fresh, and intact without any infection or external damage. 3. The oils used for the preparations are freshly extracted and acquired from reputed manufactures. 4. The other raw materials such as charcoal powder are acquired from authentic, reputed sources. 5. The herbs after washing the adhering dust and other particles are handled with clean plastic or latex gloves. 6. The water used for blending the preparation is fresh, clean demineralized water. 11 7. Crushing or grinding of all the herbal ingredients was to be done in clean aseptic conditions, using a clean mortar and pestle or a grinder/mixer. A method of manufacturing the insect repellent incense sticks includes: 1. preparing a mixture of insect repellent fumigant base by mixing; (i) 20-500 microns sized powder of the bark of at least one bark selected from a group of barks consisting of Litsea chinensis, Litsea glutinosa, Litsea sebifera and Machilus macarantha 10- 40%, Charcoal powder 5-30% and the gum of Cinnamomum camphora 5-30 %; 2. blending the base mixture of step -1 with a dispensed quantity of water and applying it to a bamboo, cane splint or other splints of natural origin; 3. Adding to the base mixture of step -1, at least one of the following herbal ingredients: (i) leaf powder of Eucalyptus globulus beneficiated with concentrated eucalyptus oil 5-65%; (ii) leaf juice ofAzadirachta indica beneficiated with its concentrated oil 5- 65%; (iii) crushed leaves of Vitex Negundo 5-65%; (iv) leaf or seed powder of Ocimum Sanctum 5- 65%; (v) powdered leaf powder and gel paste of Aloe vera 5- 30% 4. blending the herbal ingredients of step-3 intimately with the base of step -1 using a dispensed quantity of water to form a paste; 12 5. rolling or pasting the composition of step-4 on bamboo or cane splints to prepare the insect repellent fumigant in the form of an incense stick; 6. alternatively molding the incense stick of step-5 to give incense sticks of various cross sections. The cross sections being selected from circular, semi circular, rectangular, square, triangular, polygonal and the like; 7. drying the incense sticks so prepared as described in the steps above. 8. wrapping the incense sticks in multiples often in a butter paper. According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of preparing a mono or synergistic poly herbal insect repellent fumigant compositions which can be especially used as a joss stick comprising the steps; 1. preparing a mixture of insect repellent fumigant base by mixing; (i) 20-500 microns sized powder of the bark of at least one bark from a group of barks consisting of Litsea chinensis or Litsea glutinosa or Litsea sebifera or Machilus macarantha 10-40%, Charcoal powder 5-30% and the gum of Cinnamomum camphora 5-30 %; 2. adding to the base mixture of step -1, any or all of the following herbal ingredients; (i) leaf powder of Eucalyptus globulus beneficiated with concentrated eucalyptus oil 5-65%; (ii) leaf juice ofAzadirachta indica beneficiated with its concentrated oil 5- 65%; (iii) crushed leaves of Vitex Negundo 5-65%; 13 (iv) leaf or seed powder o/Ocimum Sanctum 5- 65%; (v) powdered leaf powder and gel paste of Aloe vera 5- 30% 3. blending the herbal ingredients of step-2 intimately with the fumigant base of step -1 using a dispensed quantity of water to form a paste; 4. molding the composition of step-3 to pointed tower like moulds with a wider base using hands or cone shaped moulds to prepare insect repellent joss sticks which are free standing; 5. optionally preparing free standing insect repellent fumigant joss sticks in the shapes of bricks, cones, candles, beads, pellets, tablets and the like; 6. optionally preparing free standing insect repellent fumigant compositions in rod like forms with wide bases and various cross sections such as circular, semi circular, rectangular, square, triangular, polygonal and the like; 7. drying the joss sticks so prepared. 8. wraping the joss sticks in multiples of five in a butter paper. THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS: 1) One embodiment of preparing 1 Kilogram of the insect repellent incense sticks is; 20-500 microns sized bark powder of Litsea chinensis - 200 grams, Charcoal powder -100 grams and the gum of Cinnamomum camphora - 100 grams Leaf powder of Eucalyptus globules beneficiated with concentrated eucalyptus oil -15 Ograms, Crushed leaves of Vitex Negundo -15 Ograms, 14 Leaf or seed powder Ocimum Sanctum - 250grams, Powdered aloe leaf powder and paste of gel of Aloe vera - 50grams, > The bark powder of Litsea sebifera, Litsea glutinosa or Litsea sebifera or Machilus macarantha or their combinations can also be used in place of Litsea chinensis with all other factors remaining the same. 2) One embodiment for preparing 1 Kilogram of the insect repellent joss stick is; 20-500 microns sized bark powder of Litsea chinensis -100 grams , Charcoal powder - 200 grams and the gum of Cinnamomum camphor a - 200 grams Leaf powder of Eucalyptus globules beneficiated with concentrated eucalyptus oil - 100 grams, Crushed leaves of Vitex Negundo -100 grams, Leaf or seed powder Ocimum Sanctum -100 grams, Leaf juice ofAzadirachta indica beneficiated with its concentrated oil. - 200 grams > The bark powder of Litsea sebifera, Litsea glutinosa or Litsea sebifera or Machilus macarantha or their combinations can also be used in place of Litsea chinensis with all other factors remaining the same. ADVANTAGES OF THE INSECT REPELLENT FUMIGANT COMPOSITIONS: 1) The incense sticks were long lasting and gave results against flying insects for 9 to 10 hours. 2) The insect repellent effect of the incense and the joss sticks last for up to 9-10 hours after burning the fumigant compositions. 3) There were no side effects commonly encountered with chemical insect repellents such as headache or allergic trinities even after prolonged exposure. 4) They did not cause allergy, irritation or other side effects to human beings. 5) They did not cause resurgence of the targeted insect species. 15 6) They are easy to manufacture. EXAMPLES: EXAMPLE-1: A mixture of Litsea chinensis bark 20 grams was mixed with charcoal fine powder 10 grams to which was added 8 grams of camphor. To the above mixture was added sixty grams of Eucalyptus globulus leaf powder and two grams of concentrated eucalyptus oil. All the above were homogenously blended together to give a sticky paste weighing sixty two grams. Dispensed quantities of water were added as and when needed while blending. The mixture so obtained was applied to 20 cane splints, rolled and allowed to dry in shade. The dried incense sticks were wrapped in clean butter paper covers and sealed. The composition gave excellent results in driving away mosquitoes, flies and other flying insects. The incense sticks were light green in color. The incense sticks had a pleasing, soothing aroma. Stability testing: > The incense sealed sticks were kept aside in a cool dry place and opened after a period of three months-they were found to be as effective as freshly prepared incense sticks. There was also no change in the aroma or the color of the incense sticks. > The incense sealed sticks were kept aside in a cool dry place and opened after a period of six months-they were found to be as effective as freshly prepared incense sticks. There was also no change in the aroma or the color of the incense sticks. > The incense sealed sticks were kept aside in a cool dry place and opened after a period of nine months-they were found to be as effective as freshly prepared incense sticks. There was also no change in the aroma or the color of the incense sticks. 16 EXAMPLE-2: A mixture of Litsea glutinosa bark 20 grams was mixed with charcoal fine powder 10 grams to which was 10 grams of camphor was added. This was followed by the addition of sixty grams Vitex negundo leaf powder. The ingredients were blended well using a clean wooden spatula. Dispensed quantities of water were added as and when needed while blending. The mixture was applied to 25 bamboo splints, rolled. The incense sticks were allowed to dry in shade, following which they were placed in clean butter paper covers and sealed. The composition gave excellent results in driving away mosquitoes, flies and other flying insects. The incense sticks were dark green in color. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-3: A mixture of Litsea sebifera bark 18 grams was mixed with charcoal fine powder 10 grams to which was added camphor 10 grams, leaf powder of Azadirachta indica beneficiated with its oil 62 grams. The mixture was blended homogenously with hand using clean plastic gloves. Dispensed quantities of water were added as and when needed while blending. The mixture was then pasted on thin bamboo splints. The incense sticks so formed were allowed to dry in shade following which they were wrapped in clean butter paper covers and sealed. The incense sticks gave excellent results in driving away flying insects and mosquitoes in particular. The incense sticks were greenish black in color and had a pleasant aroma. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-4: A mixture of Machilus macarantha bark 10 grams was mixed with charcoal fine powder 15 grams to which was added camphor 10 grams, Ocimum sanctum leaf powder fifty grams and Aloe vera gel 15 grams. The mixture was homogenously blended with hand using plastic gloves. Dispensed quantities of water were added as and when needed while blending. The composition was then applied to cane splints and allowed to 17 dry in shade. The incense sticks were then wrapped in clean butter paper and sealed. The incense sticks so formed were found to be very effective over flying insects and houseflies in particular. The incense sticks were brown in color and had a pleasant smell. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-5: A mixture of Litsea chinensis bark 20 grams was mixed with charcoal fine powder 10 grams to which was added camphor 10 grams, eucalyptus leaf powder beneficiated with concentrated Eucalyptus globulus oil 15 grams, Vitex negundo leaf powder 15 grams, Ocimum sanctum leaf powder 15 grams, Aloe vera gel 15 grams. The mixture was blended homogenously using a clean stainless steel spatula. Dispensed quantities of water were added as and when needed while blending. The paste so formed was applied to the sticks and the incense sticks so formed were allowed to dry in shade. Following this the incense sticks were wrapped in clean butter paper covers and sealed. These sticks gave excellent results in driving away mosquitoes, flies and other flying insects. The composition also had a soothing smell and was dark yellow in color. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-6: The same procedure as example-1 was followed except that the bark of Machilus macarantha was used in place of Litsea chinensis. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-7: The same procedure as example-2 was followed except that the bark of Litsea sebifera was used in place of Litsea glutinosa. 18 EXAMPLE-8: The same procedure as example-3 was followed except that the bark of Litsea chinensis was used in place of Litsea sebifera. The composition was found to be particularly effective against mosquitoes and fleas. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-9: The same procedure as example-5 was followed except that the bark of Machilus macarantha was used in place of Litsea chinensis. The composition was found to be particularly effective against houseflies. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-10: The same procedure as example-1 was followed except that the composition was molded as a freestanding joss stick of a conical shape. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-11: The same procedure as example-2 was followed except that the composition was molded as a freestanding joss stick of a square cross section. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-12: The same procedure as example-3 was followed except that the composition was molded as a joss stick of a circular cross section. The composition was found to be particularly effective against mosquitoes and fleas. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. 19 EXAMPLE-13: The same procedure as example-1 was followed except that the composition contained Ocimum sanctum in place of eucalyptus and was molded as a freestanding joss stick of a conical shape. The composition was found to be particularly effective against houseflies. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-14: The same procedure as example-2 was followed except that the composition contained Ocimum sanctum in place of Vitex negundo leaf powder and was molded as a freestanding joss stick of a star shaped cross section. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. EXAMPLE-15: The same procedure as example-3 was followed except that the composition contained Eucalyptus globulus leaves beneficiated with its oil in place of Azadirachta indica. The composition was molded as a freestanding joss stick of a triangular cross section. Stability testing-Done as described in example-1 and the results were found to be similar. TRIALS: 1. A house in close proximity to an open drain in Pune was selected for the study. The said locality was constantly infested with mosquitoes. Four insect repellent incense sticks prepared as described in example -1 were burnt. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of mosquitoes. Also the effect lasted for the next 10 hours. 2. A mud house in a village near Pune was selected for the study. The house was infested with houseflies. 20 Seven insect repellent incense sticks prepared as described in example -2 were burnt. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of houseflies. Also the effect lasted for the next 11 hours. 3. A fruit market in Mumbai was selected for the study. The fruit market was constantly infested with fleas. Five insect repellent incense sticks prepared as described in example -8 were burnt in a particular stall. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of fleas to the particular stall they were burnt in and to the neighboring stalls as well. The effect lasted for the next 6 hours. 4. A house in close proximity to an open drain in Mumbai was selected for the study. The said locality was constantly infested with mosquitoes. Six insect repellent incense sticks prepared as described in example -3 were burnt. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of mosquitoes. Also the effect lasted for the next 9 hours. 5. A mud house near a village in the out skirts of Pune was selected for the study. The house was infested with houseflies. Nine insect repellent incense sticks prepared as described in example -4 were burnt. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of houseflies. Also the effect lasted for the next 10 hours. 6. A fruit market in Mumbai was selected for the study. The fruit market was constantly infested with fleas. Three insect repellent joss sticks prepared as described in example -8 were burnt in a particular stall. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of fleas to the particular stall they were burnt in and to the neighboring stalls as well. The effect lasted for the next 6 hours. 7. A house in close proximity to an open drain in Mumbai suburbs was selected for the study. The said locality was constantly infested with mosquitoes. 21 Five insect repellent joss sticks prepared as described in example -12 were burnt. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of mosquitoes. Also the effect lasted for the next 10 hours. 8. A mud house near a village in the out skirts of Mumbai was selected for the study. The house was infested with houseflies. Four insect repellent joss sticks prepared as described in example -5 were burnt. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of houseflies. Also the effect lasted for the next 11 hours. 9. A mud house near a village in the out skirts of Mumbai, which was in close proximity to cattle shed was chosen for the study. The house was infested with houseflies. Three insect repellent joss sticks prepared as described in example -4 were burnt. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of houseflies. Also the effect lasted for the next 10 hours. 9. A fruit market in south Mumbai was selected for the study. The fruit market was constantly infested with fleas. Six insect repellent joss sticks prepared as described in example -11 were burnt in a particular stall. The insect repellent fumigant composition gave instant relief from the menace of fleas to the particular stall it was burnt in and to the neighboring stalls as well. The effect lasted for the next 9 hours. OBSERVATIONS FROM THE TRIALS: 1 .The compositions containing Ocimum sanctum were found to be particularly effective against houseflies. 2. The compositions containing Azadirachta indica were found to be particularly effective against mosquitoes and fleas. 3. Better results were obtained in confined areas as compared to open areas. 4. The insect repellent incense sticks and joss sticks did not cause any adverse reactions on the people or domestic animals that were continuously exposed to the fumigant compositions. 22 5. All the fumigant compositions had a soothing aroma unlike the chemical compositions available in the market. 6. The fumigant t compositions prepared in accordance with this invention did not cause vector resurgence or resistance even after a trial period of two years. 23 I Claim: [1] An insect a mono or synergistic polyherbal insect repellent fumigant composition containing an intimate mixture comprising; (i) 20-500 microns sized powder of the bark of at least one bark selected from a group of barks consisting of Litsea chinensis, Litsea glutinosa, Litsea sebifera and Machilus macarantha 10- 40% of the fumigant composition; (ii) charcoal powder 5-30% of the fumigant composition; (iii) the gum of Cinnamomum camphora 5-30 % of the fumigant composition; iv) at least one herb selected from a group of herbs consisting of leaf powder of Eucalyptus globulus beneficiated with concentrated eucalyptus oil; 5- 65% of the fumigant composition, leaf juice ofAzadirachta indica beneficiated with its concentrated oil; 5- 65% of the fumigant composition, crushed leaves of Vitex Negundo;5-65% of the fumigant composition, leaf or seed powder Ocimum Sanctum; 5- 65% of the fumigant composition, a mixture of powdered leaf and gel paste of Aloe vera; 5- 30% of the fumigant composition. [2] A method of preparing the mono or synergistic polyherbal insect repellent fumigant composition by mixing; (i) powder of the bark of at least one bark selected from a group of barks consisting of Litsea chinensis, Litsea glutinosa ,Litsea sebifera and Machilus macarantha; (ii) Charcoal powder; gum of Cinnamomum camphora to obtain a base mixture; (iii) blending (i) and (ii) above homogenously with a dispensed quantity of water to obtain a paste; (iv) adding to the fumigant composition of step-(iii), at least one herb selected from a group of herbs consisting of leaf powder of Eucalyptus globidus beneficiated with concentrated eucalyptus oil; leaf juice of Azadirachta indica beneficiated with its concentrated oil; crushed leaves of Vitex Negundo; leaf or seed powder Ocimum Sanctum; a mixture of powdered leaf and gel paste of Aloe vera ; 24 (v) blending the above herbal ingredients intimately with the fumigant base of step (iii) with a dispensed quantity of water to form a paste. [3] a method of preparing the fumigant insecticidal composition as claimed in claim [1] wherein the insect repellent fumigant composition is pasted on a splint. [4] a method of preparing the fumigant insecticidal composition as claimed in claim [1] wherein the insect repellent fumigant composition is moulded. [5] a method of preparing the fumigant insecticidal composition as claimed in claim [2] wherein the insect repellent fumigant has a shape selected from a group of shapes consisting of circular, semicircular, star, rectangular, triangular or polygonal. [6] a method of preparing the fumigant insecticidal composition as claimed in claim [2] wherein the insect repellent fumigant is pasted on a splint of natural origin. [7] a method of preparing the fumigant insecticidal composition as claimed in claim [1] wherein the insect repellent fumigant is rolled on a splint of natural origin. [8] a method of preparing the fumigant insecticidal composition as claimed in claim [6] or claim [7] wherein the natural splint is selected from a group of materials consisting of bamboo, cane or wood. 25 ABSTRACT There is provided insect repellent fumigant compositions and processes of preparation thereof. The said insect repellent compositions can either be in the form of incense sticks or joss sticks. Further the products of this invention provide quick relief from insects and particularly flying insects such as mosquitoes, flies, fleas and the like. The products of this invention are eco-friendly, cheap and do not cause any side effects to human beings even after prolonged exposure. 9 NOV 2005

Documents:

1376-mum-2004-abstract(9-5-2008).doc

1376-mum-2004-abstract(9-5-2008).pdf

1376-mum-2004-abstract-complete.doc

1376-mum-2004-abstract-complete.pdf

1376-mum-2004-cancelled pages(9-5-2008).pdf

1376-mum-2004-claims(granted)-(9-5-2008).doc

1376-mum-2004-claims(granted)-(9-5-2008).pdf

1376-mum-2004-claims-complete.doc

1376-mum-2004-claims-complete.pdf

1376-mum-2004-correspondence(9-5-2008).pdf

1376-mum-2004-correspondence(ipo)-(29-9-2008).pdf

1376-mum-2004-correspondence-received-231106.pdf

1376-mum-2004-correspondence-received.pdf

1376-mum-2004-descripiton (complete).pdf

1376-mum-2004-descripiton (provisional).pdf

1376-mum-2004-form 1(21-12-2004).pdf

1376-mum-2004-form 18(24-11-2006).pdf

1376-mum-2004-form 2(granted)-(9-5-2008).doc

1376-mum-2004-form 2(granted)-(9-5-2008).pdf

1376-mum-2004-form 26(21-12-2004).pdf

1376-mum-2004-form 3(21-12-2004).pdf

1376-mum-2004-form 5(9-11-2005).pdf

1376-mum-2004-form-1.pdf

1376-mum-2004-form-18.pdf

1376-mum-2004-form-2-complete.doc

1376-mum-2004-form-2-complete.pdf

1376-mum-2004-form-2-provisional.doc

1376-mum-2004-form-2-provisional.pdf

1376-mum-2004-form-26.pdf

1376-mum-2004-form-3.pdf

1376-mum-2004-form-5.pdf