Title of Invention	1,4-BENZOTHIAZEPINE-1, 1-DIOXIDE DERIVATES SUBSTITUTED BY SUGAR RADICALS, METHOD OF THEIR PRODUCTION THEREOF AND A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME
Abstract	The invention relates to substituted 1,4-benzothiazepine-1,1 -dioxide derivates and their aeid addition salts. in which R<sub>1</sub>„ R<sub>2</sub>„ , R<sub>3</sub>„ and Z have the meanings indicated, and the physiologically tolerable salts and physiologically functional derivatives and also processes for their preparation are described. The compounds are suitable, for example, as hypolipidemics.

Title of Invention

1,4-BENZOTHIAZEPINE-1, 1-DIOXIDE DERIVATES SUBSTITUTED BY SUGAR RADICALS, METHOD OF THEIR PRODUCTION THEREOF AND A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME

Abstract

The invention relates to substituted 1,4-benzothiazepine-1,1 -dioxide derivates and their aeid addition salts. in which R1„ R2„ , R3„ and Z have the meanings indicated, and the physiologically tolerable salts and physiologically functional derivatives and also processes for their preparation are described. The compounds are suitable, for example, as hypolipidemics.

Full Text	Description 1,4-Benzothiazepine-1,1 -dioxide derivatives substituted by sugar residues, process for their preparation, pharmaceuticals comprising these compounds, and their use The invention relates to substituted 1,4-benzothiazepine-1,1-dioxide derivatives, their physiologically tolerable salts and physiologically functional derivatives. 1,4-Benzothiazepine-1,1-dioxide derivates and their use for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and also arteriosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia have already been described [cf. PCT Application No. PCT/GB 95/01884, Publication No. WO 96/05188]. The invention is based on the object of making available further compounds which display a therapeutically valuable hypolipidemic action. In particular, the object consists in finding novel compounds which cause a higher excretion of bile acid, even at a lower dosage, compared with the compounds described in the prior art. R is ethyl, butyl; R2 is H, OH; _3 R is a sugar residue, the sugar residue optionally being mono- or polysubstituted by a sugar protective group; Z is -(C=0)-Crj-C4-alkyl, a covalent bond; and their pharmaceutically tolerable salts. On account of their higher water solubility compared with the starting or base compounds, pharmaceutically tolerable salts are particularly suitable for medicinal applications. These salts must have a pharmaceutically tolerable anion or cation. Suitable pharmaceutically tolerable acid addition salts of the compounds according to the invention are salts of inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic, phosphoric, meta-phosphoric, nitric, sulfonic and sulfuric acids and also organic acids, such as, for example, acetic acid, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, citric, ethane-sulfonic, fumaric, gluconic, glycolic, isothionic, lactic, lactobionic, maleic, malic, methanesulfonic, succinic, p-toluenesulfonic, tartaric and trifluoro-acetic acids. For medicinal purposes, the chlorine salt is particularly preferably used. Suitable pharmaceutically tolerable basic salts are ammonium salts, alkali metal salts (such as sodium and potassium salts) and alkaline earth metal salts (such as magnesium and calcium salts). Salts with a nonpharmaceutically tolerable anion are likewise included in the scope of the invention as useful intermediates for the preparation or purification of pharmaceutically tolerable salts and/or for use in nontherapeutic, for example in-vitro, applications. The term "physiologically functional derivative" used here designates any physiologically tolerable derivative of a compound according to the invention, e.g. an ester which on administration to a mammal, such as, for example, man, is able (directly or indirectly) to form such a compound or an active metabolite thereof. A further aspect of this invention is prodrugs of the compounds according to the invention. Such prodrugs can be metabolized in vivo to give a compound according to the invention. These prodrugs can themselves be active or inactive. The compounds according to the invention can also be present in various polymorphic forms, e.g. as amorphous and crystalline polymorphic forms. All polymorphic forms of the compounds according to the invention are included in the scope of the invention and are a further aspect of the invention. Below, all references to "compound(s) according to formula (I)" relate to compound(s) of the formula (I) as described above, and to their salts, solvates and physiologically functional derivatives as described herein. The amount of a compound according to formula (I) which is necessary in order to achieve the desired biological effect is dependent on a number of factors, e.g. the chosen specific compound, the intended use, the manner of administration and the clinical condition of the patient. In general, the daily dose lies in the range from 0.1 mg to 100 mg (typically from 0.1 mg and 50 mg) per day per kilogram of body weight, e.g. 0.1-10 mg/kg/day. Tablets or capsules can contain, for example, from 0.01 to 100 mg, typically from 0.02 to 50 mg. In the case of pharmaceutically tolerable salts, the abovementioned weight data relate to the weight of the benzothiazepine ion derived from the salt. For the prophylaxis or therapy of the abovementioned conditions, the compounds according to formula (I) can be used themselves as the compound, but they are preferably present with a tolerable carrier in the form of a pharmaceutical composition. The carrier must of course be tolerable, in the sense that it is compatible with the other constituents of the composition and is not harmful to the health of the patient. The carrier can be a solid or a liquid or both and is preferably formulated with the compound as an individual dose, for example as a tablet, which can contain from 0.05% to 95% by weight of the active compound. Further pharmaceutically active substances can likewise be present, including further compounds according to formula (I). The pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention can be prepared by one of the known pharmaceutical methods, which essentially consist in mixing the constituents with pharmacologically tolerable carriers and/or excipients. Pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention are those which are suitable for oral and peroral (e.g. sublingual) administration, even if the most suitable manner of administration in each individual case is dependent on the nature and the severity of the condition to be treated and on the type of the compound according to formula (I) used in each case. Sugar-coated formulations and sugar-coated sustained release formulations are also included in the scope of the invention. Acid-resistant and enteric formulations are preferred. Suitable enteric coatings include cellulose acetate phthalate, polyvinal acetate phthalate, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose phthalate and anionic polymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate. Suitable pharmaceutical compounds for oral administration can be present in separate units, such as, for example, capsules, cachets, lozenges or tablets, which in each case contain a certain amount of the compound according to formula (I); as powders or granules; as a solution or suspension in an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid; or as an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion. These compositions can be prepared, as already mentioned, according to any suitable pharmaceutical method which comprises a step in which the active compound and the carrier (which can consist of one or more additional constituents) are brought into contact. In general, the compositions are prepared by uniform and homogeneous mixing of the active compound with a liquid and/or finely divided solid carrier, after which the product, if necessary, is shaped. Thus, for example, a tablet can be prepared by compressing or shaping a powder or granules of the compound, if appropriate with one or more additional constituents. Pressed tablets can be prepared by tableting the compound in free-flowing form, such as, for example, a powder or granules, if appropriate mixed with a binder, lubricant, inert diluent and/or a (a number) of surface-active/dispersing agent(s) in a suitable machine. Shaped tablets can be prepared by shaping the pulverulent compound, moistened with an inert liquid diluent, in a suitable machine. Pharmaceutical compositions which are suitable for peroral (sublingual) administration include lozenges, which contain a compound according to the formula (I) with a flavoring, customarily sucrose and gum arabic or tragacanth, and pastilles which comprise the compound in an inert base such as gelatin and glycerol or sucrose and gum arabic. The invention furthermore relates both to isomeric mixtures of the formula I and to the pure stereoisomers of the formula I, and also to diastereomer mixtures of the formula I and the pure diastereomers. The separation of the mixtures is carried out chromatographically. Racemic and enantiomerically pure compounds of the formula I having the following structure are preferred: Sugar residues are understood as meaning compounds which are derived from aldoses and ketoses having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, which can belong to the D or L series; these also include amino sugars, sugar alcohols or sugar acids. Examples which may be mentioned are glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, ribose, erythrose, glyceraldehyde, sedoheptulose, glucosamine, galactosamine, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, gluconic acid, galactonic acid, mannonic acid, glucamine, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, glucaric acid and galactaric acid. Disugars are intended to mean saccharides which consist of two sugar units. Di-, tri- or tetrasaccharides are formed by acetal-like bonding of 2 or more sugars. The bonds can occur here in the a or p form. Examples which may be mentioned are lactose, maltose and cellobiose. If the sugar is substituted, the substitution preferably takes place on the hydrogen atom of an OH group of the sugar. The following protective groups are essentially suitable for the hydroxyl groups of the sugars: benzyl, acetyl, benzoyl, pivaloyl, trityl, tert-butyl- dimethylsilyl, benzylidene, cyclohexylidene or isopropylidene protective groups. The compounds of the formula I and their pharmaceutical^ tolerable salts and physiologically functional derivatives are ideal pharmaceuticals for the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders, in particular of hyperlipidemia. The compounds of the formula I are likewise suitable for influencing the serum cholesterol level and for preventing and treating arteriosclerotic symptoms. The compounds can optionally also be administered in combination with statins, such as, for example, simvastatatin, fluvastatin, pravastatin, cerivastatin, lovastatin or atorvastin. The following findings confirm the pharmacological activity of the compounds according to the invention. The biological testing of the compounds according to the invention was carried out by means of the perfusion test. This test investigates the action of the compounds according to the invention on the bile acid transport in the ileum. The diastereomer mixtures of the compounds were tested. The perfusion test was carried out as follows: Experimental set-up Male Wistar rats (weight range 250-350 g) were anesthetized with urethane (1.5 g/kg i.p.) and the bile duct was cannulated with a polyethylene tube. Eight cm proximally to the ileocecal flap, an incision was made into the ileum and a silicone adapter for tubes was sewn in. A second incision with implantation of a corresponding silicone adapter was made in the cecum. Silicone tubes were attached to the adapter in order to perfuse the ileum in an orthograde and open manner (nonrecirculating) with perfusion buffer at a perfusion rate of 1 ml/min. The perfusion tubes were filled with perfusion buffer (137 mM NaCI, 0.9 mM CaCl2, 0.51 mM MgCl2, 8.1 mM Na2HPC>4, 2.7 mM KCI, 1.47 mM KH2PO4) (pH 7.4), 1% (v/v) ethanol + 1% DMSO. The perfusion buffer contained the test compounds in concentrations as indicated or the vehicle. The buffer was preheated to 37 C. The perfusion buffer contained 3 mM 3 taurocholic acid (TCA), which in turn was labeled with 1000 dpm//vl of H TCA as a marker. Study design and evaluation of the results An experimental batch was chosen which allowed the determination of the inhibition of bile acid transport in the individual animal. The bile was collected at 10 min intervals over a period of 90 min (in the case of a following wash-out phase for testing the reversibility over a period of up to 160 min. The perfusion of the vehicle-containing buffer solution over a period of 40 min (pre-test substance) was followed by a perfusion with perfusion buffer which contained the test compound in the concentration to be tested (to 90 min). For the calculation of the percentage inhibition by the test compound, the 3 dpms (disintegrations per min of H-TCA) in the bile from 80-90 min (end of the perfusion with the test substance) were related to the collection period 30-40 min during the preliminary phase, when the excretion of the H-TCA in the control phase had reached its maximum and plateau. The EC50 (= effective concentration 50) was calculated as the effective concentration between the inhibitory values of different concentration which inhibited the maximum bile acid excretion by 50%. Synthesis of compound 2: 20g (91.6 mmol) of 2,5-difluorobenzophenone 1 (Fluka) are dissolved in 400 ml of DMSO. 7.0 g (150 mmol) of lithium sulfide (Fluka) are added under argon. After three hours at 120°C, the mixture is allowed to cool to RT. It is shaken with 200 ml of 2 M HCI aq. and 500 ml of ethyl acetate. The organic phase is washed a further two times with NaCI soln., dried over MgS04, filtered and concentrated. 24 g of crude product 2 are obtained as a reddish oil. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 3:1). Rf = 0.3, starting material 1 Rf = 0.4. C13H9FOS (232.28). MS (M+H)+ = 233.1. Synthesis of compound 4: 7 g of crude product 2, 2.5g (16 mmol) of dibuthylaziridine 3 (R. Gauthier et al., J. Organomet. Chem. 140 (1977) 245 - 255) and 300mg of p-toluene-sulfonic acid are dissolved in 100 ml of lutidine. The reaction solution is boiled in a water separator for three hours. It is then concentrated and the residue is purified by flash chromatography. Yield 3.6g (61%) of 4 as a colorless oil. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 9:1). Rf = 0.5. C23H28FNS (369.55). MS (M+H)+ = 370.3. Synthesis of compound 5: 3.6 g (9.7 mmol) of 4 and 6.0 g of NalCU are suspended in 100 ml of acetonitrile, 50 ml of methylene chloride and 30 ml of water. After addition of 200 mg of RUCI3, the mixture is stirred vigorously at room temperature for 2 hours. The solution is diluted with 200 ml of ethyl acetate and washed 2x with NaCI soln. After drying over MgS04, it is concentrated and purified by flash chromatography. Yield 3.47 g (89%) of 5 as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 4:1). Rf =0.5, starting material 4_Rf = 0.6. C23H28FNO2S (401.55). MS (M+H)+ = 402.2. Synthesis of compound 6: 3.47 g (8.6 mmol) of 5 are dissolved in 24 ml of nitrating acid (from 14 ml of HNO3 ar\|d 10 ml of H2SO4). The reaction temperature is kept at 20°C by cooling. After 30 minutes, the solution is poured onto a mixture of 700 g of ice and 200 ml of ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase is separated off and washed carefully four times with 150 ml of saturated NaHC03 soln. It is then dried over MgS04, concentrated and purified by flash chroma¬tography. Yield 3.0 g (78%) of 6 as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 4:1). Rf = 0.4. C23H27N2O4SF (446.54). MS (M+H)+ = 447.2. Synthesis of compound 7: 3.0 g (6.7 mmol) of 6 are dissolved in 50 ml of 33% strength HNMe2 in ethanol (Fluka) and the solution is stirred at 50°C for one hour. It is then allowed to cool to RT and the resulting product is filtered. Yield 2.86 g (90%) of 7, yellowish crystals m.p. 188°C. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 2:1). Rf = 0.5, starting material 7 Rf = 0.6. C52H33N3O4S (471.62). MS (M+H)+ =472.3. Synthesis of compound 8a/b as an enatiomer mixture: 1.05 g (2.2 mmol) of 7 are suspended in 30 ml of toluene and 500 mg of platinum on active carbon (10% strength) are added. The mixture is hydrogenated in a shaking autoclave for 30 hours at 150 bar hydrogen pressure and 100°C. For work-up, the mixture is filtered through silica gel, which is washed with 100 ml of methanol, the filtrate is concentrated and the residue is purified by flash chromatography. Yield 495 mg (48%) of 8a/b as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 1:1). Rf =0.3. C25H37N3O2S (443.65). MS (M+H)+ = 444.3. Synthesis of compound 10a/b as a diastereomer mixture: 80 mg (0.18 mmol) of 8a/b and 100 mg (0.24 mmol) of penta-O-acetyl-D-gluconic acid (Org. Synth. Vol. 5, 887) are dissolved in 4 ml of DMF (dimethylformamide). 100 mg (0.3 mmol) of TOTU (Fluka), 35 mg (0.24 mmol) of oxime (ethyl hydroxyiminocyanoacetate; Fluka) and 0.1 ml (0.78 mmol) of NEM (4-ethylmorpholine) are added successively. After one hour at room temperature, the mixture is diluted with 20 ml of ethyl acetate and washed three times with water. The organic phase is dried over MgS04, filtered and concentrated. The residue is purified by means of flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/n-heptane 2:1) and 130 mg (86%) of 10a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (ethyl acetate/n-heptane 2:1) RF= 0.3. The product 10a/b has the same retention as the starting material 8a/b, but colors differently with 2 M sulfuric acid. C41H57N3O13S (131.97), MS (M + H)+ = 832.6. Synthesis of compound 11a/b as a diastereomer mixture: 130 mg (0.16 mmol) of 10a/b are dissolved in 5 ml of methanol . After addition of 0.2 ml of a methanolic 1 M sodium methoxide solution, the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for one hour. It is then neutralized using methanolic HCI solution and concentrated. The residue is purified by flash chromatography (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3) and 78 mg (80%) of 10a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (methylene choride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3). Rf = 0.4. C31H47N3O8S (621.80). MS (M + H)+ = 622.4. Synthesis of compound 12a/b as a diastereomer mixture: 618 mg (0.74 mmol) of 10a/b are dissolved in 30 ml of methylene chloride and 385 mg (2.23 mmol) of 70% strength m-chloroperbenzoic acid (Fluka) are added. After 30 minutes at room temperature, the mixture is diluted with 100 ml of ethyl acetate and washed three times with NaHC03 soln. After drying using MgS04, the mixture is concentrated and 700 mg of crude product are obtained. This crude product is dissolved in 28 ml of a 0.05 M TiCU/acetonitrile soln. After addition of 300 mg of solid Nal, the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. For work-up, it is diluted with 150 ml of ethyl acetate and washed with 100 ml of 2 M of sodium thiosulfate solution. The organic phase is dried over MgS04 and concentrated, and the residue is purified by flash chromatography. Yield 550 mg (87% over 2 stages) of 12a/b as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 1:2). Rf = 0.3, starting material 10a/b Rf = 0.35. C41H57N3O14S (847.99). MS (M+H)+ = 848.5. Synthesis of compound 13a/b as a diastereomer mixture: 550 mg (0.65 mmol) of 12a/b are dissolved in 20 ml of methanol. After addition of 0.3 ml of a methanolic 1 M sodium methoxide solution, the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for one hour. It is then neutralized using methanolic HCI solution and concentrated. The residue is unified by flash chromatography (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. immonia 30/10/3) and 370 mg (89%) of 13a/b are obtained as an imorphous solid. TLC (methylene choride/methanol/conc. ammonia 10/10/3). Rf = 0.4. C31H47N3O9S (637.80). MS (M + H)+ = 638.4. Synthesis of compound 15a/b as a diastereomer mixture: '19 mg (1.6 mmol) of 8a/b are dissolved in 30 ml of methylene chloride ind 2 ml of triethylamine. 0.5 ml (3.7 mmol) of 14 is added dropwise to this iolution and it is allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 minutes. The ;olution is then filtered through silica gel and washed with 100 ml of ethyl icetate. After concentration, the residue is purified by flash :hromatography. Yield 950 mg (95%) of 15a/b as an amorphous solid. TLC n-heptane/ethyl acetate 1:1). Rf = 0.4. C3oH44BrN303S (606.67). MS M+H)+ = 607.3. Synthesis of compound 17a/b as a diastereomer mixture: I97mg (1.47 mmol) of 15a/b are dissolved in 20 ml of DMF. After addition >f 1.3 g (7.1 mmol) of 16 (glucamine, Fluka), the mixture is heated at 80°C or two hours. It is then diluted with 50 ml of ethyl acetate and washed three imes with water. The organic phase is dried over MgS04, filtered and :oncentrated. The residue is purified by means of flash chromatography methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3) and 700 mg (67%) >f 17a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (methylene :hloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3). Rf = 0.4. C36H58N4O8S 706.95). MS (M + H)+ = 707.4. Synthesis of compound 19: 5.0 g (18.8 mmol) of 9 (penta-O-acetyl-D-gluconoyl chloride; Org. Synth. fol 5, 887) are added to a suspension of 8.0 g (40 mmol) of 18 (Fluka) in 50 ml of anhydrous DMF. This suspension is vigorously stirred at room emperature for 20 hours. 500 ml of ethyl acetate and 200 ml of water are hen added. The aqueous phase is extracted again with 250 ml of ethyl icetate. The combined organic phase is washed three times with sodium :hloride solution, dried over MgS04, filtered and concentrated. Yield 9.5 g 86%) of 19 as a colorless oil. TLC (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. immonia 30/10/ 3). Rf = 0.8. C27H43NO13 (589.64). MS (M + H)+ = 590.4. Synthesis of compound 21a/b as a diastereomer mixture: 200 mg (0.34 mmol) of 19, 70 mg (0.17 mmol) of 20a/b (20a/b is prepared analogously to 8a/b by carrying out the reaction sequence of reaction scheme 1 with 2-butyl-2-ethylaziridine (R. Gauthier et al., J. Organomet. Chem. 140 (1977) 245 - 255) and 1, 240 mg of TOTU, 80 mg of oxime and 0.3 ml of NEM are reacted in 4 ml of DMF analogously to the procedure for compound 11a/b. After flash chromatography (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/ 5/ 1), 60 mg (46%, over two stages) of 21a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/ 5/ 1). Rf = 0.2. C40H64N4O9S (777.04). MS (M + H)+ = 777.8. WE CLAIM: R2 is II, Oil; an amine of the formula II, in which R1, R2, R3 have the meanings indicated for formula I, with a compound of the formula III, in which R3 and Z have the meanings indicated for formula I, with removal of water to give a compound of the formula I. 5. A pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of the compounds as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3.

Full Text

Description
1,4-Benzothiazepine-1,1 -dioxide derivatives substituted by sugar residues, process for their preparation, pharmaceuticals comprising these compounds, and their use
The invention relates to substituted 1,4-benzothiazepine-1,1-dioxide derivatives, their physiologically tolerable salts and physiologically functional derivatives.
1,4-Benzothiazepine-1,1-dioxide derivates and their use for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and also arteriosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia have already been described [cf. PCT Application No. PCT/GB 95/01884, Publication No. WO 96/05188].
The invention is based on the object of making available further compounds which display a therapeutically valuable hypolipidemic action. In particular, the object consists in finding novel compounds which cause a higher excretion of bile acid, even at a lower dosage, compared with the compounds described in the prior art.

R is ethyl, butyl;
R2 is H, OH;
_3
R is a sugar residue, the sugar residue optionally being mono-
or polysubstituted by a sugar protective group;
Z is -(C=0)-Crj-C4-alkyl, a covalent bond;
and their pharmaceutically tolerable salts.
On account of their higher water solubility compared with the starting or base compounds, pharmaceutically tolerable salts are particularly suitable for medicinal applications. These salts must have a pharmaceutically tolerable anion or cation. Suitable pharmaceutically tolerable acid addition salts of the compounds according to the invention are salts of inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic, phosphoric, meta-phosphoric, nitric, sulfonic and sulfuric acids and also organic acids, such as, for example, acetic acid, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, citric, ethane-sulfonic, fumaric, gluconic, glycolic, isothionic, lactic, lactobionic, maleic, malic, methanesulfonic, succinic, p-toluenesulfonic, tartaric and trifluoro-acetic acids. For medicinal purposes, the chlorine salt is particularly preferably used. Suitable pharmaceutically tolerable basic salts are ammonium salts, alkali metal salts (such as sodium and potassium salts) and alkaline earth metal salts (such as magnesium and calcium salts).
Salts with a nonpharmaceutically tolerable anion are likewise included in the scope of the invention as useful intermediates for the preparation or purification of pharmaceutically tolerable salts and/or for use in nontherapeutic, for example in-vitro, applications.
The term "physiologically functional derivative" used here designates any physiologically tolerable derivative of a compound according to the invention, e.g. an ester which on administration to a mammal, such as, for example, man, is able (directly or indirectly) to form such a compound or an active metabolite thereof.

A further aspect of this invention is prodrugs of the compounds according to the invention. Such prodrugs can be metabolized in vivo to give a compound according to the invention. These prodrugs can themselves be active or inactive.
The compounds according to the invention can also be present in various polymorphic forms, e.g. as amorphous and crystalline polymorphic forms. All polymorphic forms of the compounds according to the invention are included in the scope of the invention and are a further aspect of the invention.
Below, all references to "compound(s) according to formula (I)" relate to compound(s) of the formula (I) as described above, and to their salts, solvates and physiologically functional derivatives as described herein.
The amount of a compound according to formula (I) which is necessary in order to achieve the desired biological effect is dependent on a number of factors, e.g. the chosen specific compound, the intended use, the manner of administration and the clinical condition of the patient. In general, the daily dose lies in the range from 0.1 mg to 100 mg (typically from 0.1 mg and 50 mg) per day per kilogram of body weight, e.g. 0.1-10 mg/kg/day. Tablets or capsules can contain, for example, from 0.01 to 100 mg, typically from 0.02 to 50 mg. In the case of pharmaceutically tolerable salts, the abovementioned weight data relate to the weight of the benzothiazepine ion derived from the salt. For the prophylaxis or therapy of the abovementioned conditions, the compounds according to formula (I) can be used themselves as the compound, but they are preferably present with a tolerable carrier in the form of a pharmaceutical composition. The carrier must of course be tolerable, in the sense that it is compatible with the other constituents of the composition and is not harmful to the health of the patient. The carrier can be a solid or a liquid or both and is preferably formulated with the compound as an individual dose, for example as a tablet, which can contain from 0.05% to 95% by weight of the active compound. Further pharmaceutically active substances can likewise be present, including further compounds according to formula (I). The pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention can be prepared by one of the known pharmaceutical methods, which essentially consist in mixing the constituents with pharmacologically tolerable carriers and/or excipients.

Pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention are those which are suitable for oral and peroral (e.g. sublingual) administration, even if the most suitable manner of administration in each individual case is dependent on the nature and the severity of the condition to be treated and on the type of the compound according to formula (I) used in each case. Sugar-coated formulations and sugar-coated sustained release formulations are also included in the scope of the invention. Acid-resistant and enteric formulations are preferred. Suitable enteric coatings include cellulose acetate phthalate, polyvinal acetate phthalate, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose phthalate and anionic polymers of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate.
Suitable pharmaceutical compounds for oral administration can be present in separate units, such as, for example, capsules, cachets, lozenges or tablets, which in each case contain a certain amount of the compound according to formula (I); as powders or granules; as a solution or suspension in an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid; or as an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion. These compositions can be prepared, as already mentioned, according to any suitable pharmaceutical method which comprises a step in which the active compound and the carrier (which can consist of one or more additional constituents) are brought into contact. In general, the compositions are prepared by uniform and homogeneous mixing of the active compound with a liquid and/or finely divided solid carrier, after which the product, if necessary, is shaped. Thus, for example, a tablet can be prepared by compressing or shaping a powder or granules of the compound, if appropriate with one or more additional constituents. Pressed tablets can be prepared by tableting the compound in free-flowing form, such as, for example, a powder or granules, if appropriate mixed with a binder, lubricant, inert diluent and/or a (a number) of surface-active/dispersing agent(s) in a suitable machine. Shaped tablets can be prepared by shaping the pulverulent compound, moistened with an inert liquid diluent, in a suitable machine.
Pharmaceutical compositions which are suitable for peroral (sublingual) administration include lozenges, which contain a compound according to the formula (I) with a flavoring, customarily sucrose and gum arabic or tragacanth, and pastilles which comprise the compound in an inert base such as gelatin and glycerol or sucrose and gum arabic.

The invention furthermore relates both to isomeric mixtures of the formula I and to the pure stereoisomers of the formula I, and also to diastereomer mixtures of the formula I and the pure diastereomers. The separation of the mixtures is carried out chromatographically.
Racemic and enantiomerically pure compounds of the formula I having the following structure are preferred:

Sugar residues are understood as meaning compounds which are derived from aldoses and ketoses having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, which can belong to the D or L series; these also include amino sugars, sugar alcohols or sugar acids. Examples which may be mentioned are glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, ribose, erythrose, glyceraldehyde, sedoheptulose, glucosamine, galactosamine, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, gluconic acid, galactonic acid, mannonic acid, glucamine, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, glucaric acid and galactaric acid.
Disugars are intended to mean saccharides which consist of two sugar units. Di-, tri- or tetrasaccharides are formed by acetal-like bonding of 2 or more sugars. The bonds can occur here in the a or p form. Examples which may be mentioned are lactose, maltose and cellobiose.
If the sugar is substituted, the substitution preferably takes place on the hydrogen atom of an OH group of the sugar.
The following protective groups are essentially suitable for the hydroxyl groups of the sugars: benzyl, acetyl, benzoyl, pivaloyl, trityl, tert-butyl-

dimethylsilyl, benzylidene, cyclohexylidene or isopropylidene protective groups.
The compounds of the formula I and their pharmaceutical^ tolerable salts and physiologically functional derivatives are ideal pharmaceuticals for the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders, in particular of hyperlipidemia. The compounds of the formula I are likewise suitable for influencing the serum cholesterol level and for preventing and treating arteriosclerotic symptoms. The compounds can optionally also be administered in combination with statins, such as, for example, simvastatatin, fluvastatin, pravastatin, cerivastatin, lovastatin or atorvastin. The following findings confirm the pharmacological activity of the compounds according to the invention.
The biological testing of the compounds according to the invention was carried out by means of the perfusion test. This test investigates the action of the compounds according to the invention on the bile acid transport in the ileum. The diastereomer mixtures of the compounds were tested.
The perfusion test was carried out as follows:
Experimental set-up
Male Wistar rats (weight range 250-350 g) were anesthetized with urethane (1.5 g/kg i.p.) and the bile duct was cannulated with a polyethylene tube. Eight cm proximally to the ileocecal flap, an incision was made into the ileum and a silicone adapter for tubes was sewn in. A second incision with implantation of a corresponding silicone adapter was made in the cecum. Silicone tubes were attached to the adapter in order to perfuse the ileum in an orthograde and open manner (nonrecirculating) with perfusion buffer at a perfusion rate of 1 ml/min.
The perfusion tubes were filled with perfusion buffer (137 mM NaCI,
0.9 mM CaCl2, 0.51 mM MgCl2, 8.1 mM Na2HPC>4, 2.7 mM KCI, 1.47 mM
KH2PO4) (pH 7.4), 1% (v/v) ethanol + 1% DMSO. The perfusion buffer
contained the test compounds in concentrations as indicated or the vehicle.
The buffer was preheated to 37 C. The perfusion buffer contained 3 mM
3
taurocholic acid (TCA), which in turn was labeled with 1000 dpm//vl of H TCA as a marker.

Study design and evaluation of the results
An experimental batch was chosen which allowed the determination of the inhibition of bile acid transport in the individual animal. The bile was collected at 10 min intervals over a period of 90 min (in the case of a following wash-out phase for testing the reversibility over a period of up to 160 min. The perfusion of the vehicle-containing buffer solution over a period of 40 min (pre-test substance) was followed by a perfusion with perfusion buffer which contained the test compound in the concentration to be tested (to 90 min).
For the calculation of the percentage inhibition by the test compound, the
3
dpms (disintegrations per min of H-TCA) in the bile from 80-90 min (end of the perfusion with the test substance) were related to the collection period 30-40 min during the preliminary phase, when the excretion of the H-TCA in the control phase had reached its maximum and plateau. The EC50 (= effective concentration 50) was calculated as the effective concentration between the inhibitory values of different concentration which inhibited the maximum bile acid excretion by 50%.

Synthesis of compound 2:
20g (91.6 mmol) of 2,5-difluorobenzophenone 1 (Fluka) are dissolved in 400 ml of DMSO. 7.0 g (150 mmol) of lithium sulfide (Fluka) are added under argon. After three hours at 120°C, the mixture is allowed to cool to RT. It is shaken with 200 ml of 2 M HCI aq. and 500 ml of ethyl acetate. The organic phase is washed a further two times with NaCI soln., dried over MgS04, filtered and concentrated. 24 g of crude product 2 are obtained as a reddish oil. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 3:1). Rf = 0.3, starting material 1 Rf = 0.4. C13H9FOS (232.28). MS (M+H)+ = 233.1.
Synthesis of compound 4:
7 g of crude product 2, 2.5g (16 mmol) of dibuthylaziridine 3 (R. Gauthier et al., J. Organomet. Chem. 140 (1977) 245 - 255) and 300mg of p-toluene-sulfonic acid are dissolved in 100 ml of lutidine. The reaction solution is boiled in a water separator for three hours. It is then concentrated and the residue is purified by flash chromatography. Yield 3.6g (61%) of 4 as a colorless oil. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 9:1). Rf = 0.5. C23H28FNS (369.55). MS (M+H)+ = 370.3.
Synthesis of compound 5:
3.6 g (9.7 mmol) of 4 and 6.0 g of NalCU are suspended in 100 ml of acetonitrile, 50 ml of methylene chloride and 30 ml of water. After addition of 200 mg of RUCI3, the mixture is stirred vigorously at room temperature for 2 hours. The solution is diluted with 200 ml of ethyl acetate and washed 2x with NaCI soln. After drying over MgS04, it is concentrated and purified by flash chromatography. Yield 3.47 g (89%) of 5 as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 4:1). Rf =0.5, starting material 4_Rf = 0.6. C23H28FNO2S (401.55). MS (M+H)+ = 402.2.
Synthesis of compound 6:
3.47 g (8.6 mmol) of 5 are dissolved in 24 ml of nitrating acid (from 14 ml of HNO3 ar|d 10 ml of H2SO4). The reaction temperature is kept at 20°C by cooling. After 30 minutes, the solution is poured onto a mixture of 700 g of ice and 200 ml of ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase is separated off and

washed carefully four times with 150 ml of saturated NaHC03 soln. It is then dried over MgS04, concentrated and purified by flash chroma¬tography. Yield 3.0 g (78%) of 6 as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 4:1). Rf = 0.4. C23H27N2O4SF (446.54). MS (M+H)+ = 447.2.
Synthesis of compound 7:
3.0 g (6.7 mmol) of 6 are dissolved in 50 ml of 33% strength HNMe2 in ethanol (Fluka) and the solution is stirred at 50°C for one hour. It is then allowed to cool to RT and the resulting product is filtered. Yield 2.86 g (90%) of 7, yellowish crystals m.p. 188°C. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 2:1). Rf = 0.5, starting material 7 Rf = 0.6. C52H33N3O4S (471.62). MS (M+H)+ =472.3.
Synthesis of compound 8a/b as an enatiomer mixture:
1.05 g (2.2 mmol) of 7 are suspended in 30 ml of toluene and 500 mg of platinum on active carbon (10% strength) are added. The mixture is hydrogenated in a shaking autoclave for 30 hours at 150 bar hydrogen pressure and 100°C. For work-up, the mixture is filtered through silica gel, which is washed with 100 ml of methanol, the filtrate is concentrated and the residue is purified by flash chromatography. Yield 495 mg (48%) of 8a/b as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 1:1). Rf =0.3. C25H37N3O2S (443.65). MS (M+H)+ = 444.3.
Synthesis of compound 10a/b as a diastereomer mixture:
80 mg (0.18 mmol) of 8a/b and 100 mg (0.24 mmol) of penta-O-acetyl-D-gluconic acid (Org. Synth. Vol. 5, 887) are dissolved in 4 ml of DMF (dimethylformamide). 100 mg (0.3 mmol) of TOTU (Fluka), 35 mg (0.24 mmol) of oxime (ethyl hydroxyiminocyanoacetate; Fluka) and 0.1 ml (0.78 mmol) of NEM (4-ethylmorpholine) are added successively. After one hour at room temperature, the mixture is diluted with 20 ml of ethyl acetate and washed three times with water. The organic phase is dried over MgS04, filtered and concentrated. The residue is purified by means of flash chromatography (ethyl acetate/n-heptane 2:1) and 130 mg (86%) of 10a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (ethyl acetate/n-heptane 2:1)

RF= 0.3. The product 10a/b has the same retention as the starting material 8a/b, but colors differently with 2 M sulfuric acid. C41H57N3O13S (131.97), MS (M + H)+ = 832.6.
Synthesis of compound 11a/b as a diastereomer mixture:
130 mg (0.16 mmol) of 10a/b are dissolved in 5 ml of methanol . After addition of 0.2 ml of a methanolic 1 M sodium methoxide solution, the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for one hour. It is then neutralized using methanolic HCI solution and concentrated. The residue is purified by flash chromatography (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3) and 78 mg (80%) of 10a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (methylene choride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3). Rf = 0.4. C31H47N3O8S (621.80). MS (M + H)+ = 622.4.
Synthesis of compound 12a/b as a diastereomer mixture:
618 mg (0.74 mmol) of 10a/b are dissolved in 30 ml of methylene chloride and 385 mg (2.23 mmol) of 70% strength m-chloroperbenzoic acid (Fluka) are added. After 30 minutes at room temperature, the mixture is diluted with 100 ml of ethyl acetate and washed three times with NaHC03 soln. After drying using MgS04, the mixture is concentrated and 700 mg of crude product are obtained. This crude product is dissolved in 28 ml of a 0.05 M TiCU/acetonitrile soln. After addition of 300 mg of solid Nal, the mixture is stirred for 15 minutes. For work-up, it is diluted with 150 ml of ethyl acetate and washed with 100 ml of 2 M of sodium thiosulfate solution. The organic phase is dried over MgS04 and concentrated, and the residue is purified by flash chromatography. Yield 550 mg (87% over 2 stages) of 12a/b as an amorphous solid. TLC (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 1:2). Rf = 0.3, starting material 10a/b Rf = 0.35. C41H57N3O14S (847.99). MS (M+H)+ = 848.5.
Synthesis of compound 13a/b as a diastereomer mixture:
550 mg (0.65 mmol) of 12a/b are dissolved in 20 ml of methanol. After addition of 0.3 ml of a methanolic 1 M sodium methoxide solution, the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for one hour. It is then neutralized using methanolic HCI solution and concentrated. The residue is

unified by flash chromatography (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. immonia 30/10/3) and 370 mg (89%) of 13a/b are obtained as an imorphous solid. TLC (methylene choride/methanol/conc. ammonia 10/10/3). Rf = 0.4. C31H47N3O9S (637.80). MS (M + H)+ = 638.4.
Synthesis of compound 15a/b as a diastereomer mixture:
'19 mg (1.6 mmol) of 8a/b are dissolved in 30 ml of methylene chloride ind 2 ml of triethylamine. 0.5 ml (3.7 mmol) of 14 is added dropwise to this iolution and it is allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 minutes. The ;olution is then filtered through silica gel and washed with 100 ml of ethyl icetate. After concentration, the residue is purified by flash :hromatography. Yield 950 mg (95%) of 15a/b as an amorphous solid. TLC n-heptane/ethyl acetate 1:1). Rf = 0.4. C3oH44BrN303S (606.67). MS M+H)+ = 607.3.
Synthesis of compound 17a/b as a diastereomer mixture:
I97mg (1.47 mmol) of 15a/b are dissolved in 20 ml of DMF. After addition >f 1.3 g (7.1 mmol) of 16 (glucamine, Fluka), the mixture is heated at 80°C or two hours. It is then diluted with 50 ml of ethyl acetate and washed three imes with water. The organic phase is dried over MgS04, filtered and :oncentrated. The residue is purified by means of flash chromatography methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3) and 700 mg (67%) >f 17a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (methylene :hloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/10/3). Rf = 0.4. C36H58N4O8S 706.95). MS (M + H)+ = 707.4.
Synthesis of compound 19:
5.0 g (18.8 mmol) of 9 (penta-O-acetyl-D-gluconoyl chloride; Org. Synth. fol 5, 887) are added to a suspension of 8.0 g (40 mmol) of 18 (Fluka) in 50 ml of anhydrous DMF. This suspension is vigorously stirred at room emperature for 20 hours. 500 ml of ethyl acetate and 200 ml of water are hen added. The aqueous phase is extracted again with 250 ml of ethyl icetate. The combined organic phase is washed three times with sodium :hloride solution, dried over MgS04, filtered and concentrated. Yield 9.5 g 86%) of 19 as a colorless oil. TLC (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. immonia 30/10/ 3). Rf = 0.8. C27H43NO13 (589.64). MS (M + H)+ = 590.4.

Synthesis of compound 21a/b as a diastereomer mixture:
200 mg (0.34 mmol) of 19, 70 mg (0.17 mmol) of 20a/b (20a/b is prepared analogously to 8a/b by carrying out the reaction sequence of reaction scheme 1 with 2-butyl-2-ethylaziridine (R. Gauthier et al., J. Organomet. Chem. 140 (1977) 245 - 255) and 1, 240 mg of TOTU, 80 mg of oxime and 0.3 ml of NEM are reacted in 4 ml of DMF analogously to the procedure for compound 11a/b. After flash chromatography (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/ 5/ 1), 60 mg (46%, over two stages) of 21a/b are obtained as an amorphous solid. TLC (methylene chloride/methanol/conc. ammonia 30/ 5/ 1). Rf = 0.2. C40H64N4O9S (777.04). MS (M + H)+ = 777.8.

WE CLAIM:

R2 is II, Oil;

an amine of the formula II, in which R1, R2, R3 have the meanings indicated for formula I, with a compound of the formula III, in which R3 and Z have the meanings indicated for formula I, with removal of water to give a compound of the formula I.
5. A pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of the compounds as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3.

Documents:

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in-pct-2001-1315-che abstract duplicate.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che abstract.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che claims duplicate.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che claims.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che correspondence others.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che correspondence po.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che description (complete) duplicate.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che description (complete).pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che form-1.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che form-13.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che form-19.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che form-26.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che form-3.pdf

in-pct-2001-1315-che form-5.pdf

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in-pct-2001-1315-che pct.pdf

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Patent Number

224845

Indian Patent Application Number

IN/PCT/2001/1315/CHE

PG Journal Number

49/2008

Publication Date

05-Dec-2008

Grant Date

23-Oct-2008

Date of Filing

21-Sep-2001

Name of Patentee

SANOFI-AVENTIS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH

Applicant Address

BRUNINGSSTRASSE 50, D-65929 FRANKFURT AM MAIN,

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	FRICK, WENDELIN	SCHORNMUHLSTRASSE 3, D-65510 HUNSTETTEN-BEUERBACH,
2	GLOMBIK, HEINER	AM LOTZENWALD 42, D-65719 HOFHEIM,
3	HEUER, HUBERT	SPORTFELD 74, D-55270 SCHWABENHEIM,
4	SCHAFER, HANS-LUDWIG	STEINGASSE 7, D-65239 HOCHHEIM,

PCT International Classification Number

CO7D281/00

PCT International Application Number

PCT/EP00/02570

PCT International Filing date

2000-03-23

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	199 16 108.9	1999-04-09	Germany