Indian Patents. 226015:COATED PARTICLES, PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF AND ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS CONTAINING SAID COATED PARTICLES

Title of Invention	COATED PARTICLES, PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF AND ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS CONTAINING SAID COATED PARTICLES
Abstract	The present invention relates to a coated particle of active substance comprising a core, said core comprising the active substance and an acidic compound, said core being coated with a taste masking coating based on a polymer which is soluble at pH of 5 or less, and which is permeable at pH above 5.

Full Text	TASTE-MASKING COATED PARTICLES, PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF AND ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS CONTAINING SAID COATED PARTICLES. 5 The present invention concerns taste-masking coated particles of active substance, oral formulations including said particles, particularly, orodispersible tablets, and a process for the preparation of said particles and said tablets. 10 In the context of the present invention, the term "orodispersible tablets" means tablets which are able to disintegrate in the buccal cavity in less than 60 seconds, preferably in less than 40 seconds, upon contact with saliva by formation of an easy- to-swallow suspension. Many active substances which are intended for oral formulations present 15 unpleasant, bitter or irritating taste. Such a taste must be masked in order to improve the palatability of the oral formulation and, consequently, the compliance with the treatment. Taste-masking coating of such active substances is a well-kaiown method used to solve said problem. 20 Specific polymers have been developed to comply with the taster masking requirements. Said polymers present a solubility profile according to which they are insoluble at the saliva pH, i. e. pH=6-8 in order to prevent the active substance from contacting the tongue when the formulation is in the buccal cavity, 25 but they are soluble at the stomach pH, i. e. pH=l-3, to allow the immediate release of the active substance and its absorption by the gastrointestinal mucous membrane. The polymer is completely dissolved and the active substance is released 30 when both following conditions are fulfilled ; - the residence time of the coated particles in the stomach is sufficiently long, - the pH of the stomach is sufficiently acid. 35 In some cases, both conditions are not fulfilled. In fact, the residence time in the stomach can be very short. This is the case when the patient has eaten nothing and the stomach is empty. This is also the case when the patient drinks a large amount of water along with the drug, because the large amount of water causes the instinctive opening of the pyloric 5 sphincter and the early emptying of the stomach contents into the duodenum. In the case where the formulation consists in numerous particles presenting a size not greater than a few millimeters, the passage from the pylori to the duodenum (pH5.5-6;5) and the jejunum (pH 6-7) is very/rapid-, Furthermore, the stomach pH can vary depending on whether the 10 patient has eaten or not. The uptake of an antacid can also modify the pH of the stomach which is then greatly increased and near neutral pH. In such cases, the coated particles are in a medium where the polymer is no longer soluble, but only permeable. The release of the active substance 15 depends then on the permeability of the film and on its thickness. The release of the active substance is then delayed. In order to avoid or to minimize this difficulty, it has been proposed in the International Patent Application WO91/16043 to coat the active substance with a polymer membrane which is only soluble at pH above 5 and to add an 20 acidic compound in order to prevent or to limit the dissolution of the polymer membrane in the buccal cavity. However, the use of such a polymer membrane with an acidic compound is not suitable when the active substance must be immediately released since the polymers are enteric polymers which are insoluble at the 25 stomach pH and are commonly used to protect active substances which can be damaged at stomach pH. The solution proposed in WO91/16043, is thus not suitable for an immediate and complete release of active substances which need a taste-masking coating. 3 Up to now, no oral formulations comprising taste-masking particles which release the active substance at any pH value, i.e, at any level in the intestinal tract exist. It is thus highly desirable to remedy this situation and to develop 5 particles of active substance, which allow an immediate and complete release of the active substance even outside the stomach pH range and which present satisfactory taste-masking properties and which can thus be included into oral formulations in particular orodispersible tablots. presenting a peasant palatability. 10 The Applicant has now surprisingly found that these characteristics can be obtained by coated particles comprising a core, said core comprising the active substance and an acidic compound, said core being coated with a taste-masking coating based on a polymer which is soluble at pH of 5 or less, and which is permeable at pH above 5. 15 In the context of the present invention, the term "soluble polymer" refers to polymers which have the ability to dissolve in a determined pH, substantially independantly of the amount applied when coated onto active substance, and so as to release in one hour, at least 80% (w/w) of the active substance which would have been released without coating, in vivo or in vitro. 20 According to the present invention, at a pH above 5, the polymer is not soluble, but is permeable . At said pH, the acidic compound which is present in the core locally creates a very acidic micro-environment, which allows the quick dissolution of the polymer film and consequently the release of the active substance from the core. 25 The acidic compound which is comprised in the core of the particles according to the present invention, is a pharmaceutical^ acceptable organic acid which is selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid or mixtures thereof. 4- According to an advantageous embodiment of the particles according to the invention, the amount of acidic compound ranges from 0.5 to 20% (w/w), preferably from 5 to 15% (w/w), and even more preferably from 5 to 10% (w/w) with respect to the total weight of the coated particles. 5 The core of the coated particles according to the invention comprises at least one active substance selected from the group comprising gastroenteric sedatives, antacids, antalgics, antiinflammatory agents, coronary vasodilatators peripheral and-cerebral vasodilatators and agents, antibiotics, antivirals, antiparasitic agents, acaricids, anxiolytics, neuroleptics, 10 stimulants of the central nervous system, antidepressants, antihistaminics, antidiarrhea agents laxatifs, nutritional supplements, immunodepressants, hypocholesterolemiants, hormones, enzymes, antispasmodics, drugs which act on cardiac rythm, drugs used for treating arterial hypertension, antimigraine agents, anticoagulants, antiepileptics, myorelaxants, drugs used for treating 15 diabetes, drugs used for treating thyroidal dysfunctions, diuretics, anorexigens, antiasthmatics, expectorants, anticoughing, mucoregulators, decongestionants, hypnotics, antinausea agents, hematopoietics, uricosurics, herb extracts, contrast agents or any other family of compounds, or mixtures thereof. The invention is not suitable for active substances which are labile in 20 acidic medium, such as in the stomach or in the microenvironment created by the acidic compound, and which need gastro-protection for oral administration, for example omeprazole, lansoprazole, or active substances which irritate the stomach mucus membrane, and which need sustained release because of their ulcerous effects, such as diclofenac, erythromycin and its derivatives and 25 doxycycline. The active substance which is initially in pulverulent or microcrystalline form, is used in the dry state for preparing particles, and in the form of organic or aqueous solution or suspension for layering on an inert carrier. In the particles according to the invention, the core may further comprise at least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an inert carrier, a binder, a diluent agent or an antistatic agent and mixtures thereof, The inert carrier may consist in any chemically and pharmaceutically 5 inert excipient which exists in particular, crystalline or amorphous form. As examples, sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, hydrolysed starch (maltodextrins), celluloses or mixtures thereof can be cited. Mixtures of sucrose and starch or mixtures based on cellulose are also used as spherical inert carrier. The size of the inert carrier particles ranges 10 between 50 and 500\|im, preferably between 90 and 150\|xm. The amount of binder can be up to 15% by weight, preferably up to 10% by weight with respect to the weight of the uncoated particles. Said binder is selected from the group comprising in particular cellulosic polymers, acrylic polymers, povidones, copovidones, polyvinylalcohols, alginic acid, sodium 15 alginate, starch, pregelatinized starch, sucroses and their derivatives, guar gum, polyethyleneglycols, and mixtures thereof. . The amount of diluent agent can be up to 95%, preferably up to 50% by weight, with respect to the weight of the uncoated particles. Said diluent agent is selected from the group comprising cellulosic derivatives, preferably 20 microcrystalline cellulose, polyols, preferably mannitol, starches, sugar derivatives such as lactose. The amount of antistatic agent can be up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 3% by weight, with respect to the weight of the uncoated particles. Said antistatic agent is selected from the group comprising colloidal silica (Aerosil®), 25 and preferably precipitated silica, in particular precipitated silica available undrer the trademark Syloid® FP244, micronised or non micronised talc, and mixtures thereof. According to the present invention , the core which comprises the active substance and the acidic compound is coated with a taste-masking coating based on a polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is permeable at a pH above 5. According to an advantageous embodiment said polymer is a methacrylic acid polymer or copolymer, preferably a copolymer of (butyl 5 methacrylate-co-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate-co-methyI methacrylate) 1:2:1, presenting an average weight of about 150,000, available from ROHM underthe trademark EUDRAGIT® E100 or EUDRAGIT® EPO. The-thickness, of the- coating, film depends on. the solubility of .the ective substance at the saliva pH and of the degree of its unpleasant taste. In general, 10 said thickness ranges from about 5 to 75 microns. The amount of polymer ranges from 5 to 60%; preferably from 10 to 20% calculated as additional weight with respect to the weight of the core to be coated. According to another embodiment, the coating further comprises at 15 least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an antistatic agent, a plasticizer, surfactant, a lubricant, sweetener, color agent, flavors, and mixtures thereof. The plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of triacetine, triethylcitrate, acetyltributyl citrate, tributyl citrate, diethylphthalate, 20 polyethyleneglycols, polysorbates, mono-, diacetylated glycerides, or mixtures thereof. The plasticizer is used in proportions of at most about 40%, preferably between 15 and 30% by weight of the coating polymer. The surfactant is selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic, non ionic and amphoteric surfactants. The surfactant is used in proportions of 25 at most about 20, preferably between 5 and 15 by weight of the coating polymer. The antistatic agent is selected from the group consisting of micronised or non micronised talc, colloidal silica (Aerosil 200), treated silica (Aerosil R972), precipitated silica (Syloid FP244), and mixtures thereof. The antistatic 7 agent is used in proportions of at most about 10%, preferably between 0 and 3%, and even more preferably, less than 1% by weight of the coating polymer. The lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate, stearic acid, sodium stearyi fumarate, micronised polyethyleneglycols, 5 sodium benzoate, and mixtures thereof. The lubricant is used in proportions of at most about 10%, preferably between 0 and 3%, and even more preferably, less than 1% by weight of the coating polymer. Advantageously the particle size of the coated particle ranges between 100 and 800pm and preferably between 200 and 500pm, 10 The particle sizes are measured according to conventional methods such as by sieving or by laser diffraction. The invention also concerns a process for preparing the above-described coated granules. The process comprises the steps consisting in : 15 - preparing particles containing the active substance, and the acidic compound, and optionally at least one excipient selected from the group consisting in an inert carrier, a binder, an antistatic agent, a diluent agent, a permeabilizing agent and mixtures thereof, 20 - coating the particles by spraying thereon a coating composition based on a polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is permeable at a pH above 5, drying the thus obtained coated granules. In this process the mixing, granulating and coating steps can be 25 performed in different apparatuses or in the same apparatus, each step being performed in the presence of a mixture of excipients which may be identical or different. In an advantageous embodiment, each step is performed on a fluidized air-bed, such as for example, but not limited to Glatt GPCG-1, GPCG-5 or GPCG 120. According to an advantageous embodiment, the polymer used for 5 granulating and the polymer used for coating are identical. The granulation step differs from the coating step by the operational parameters such as spraying flow, atomization pressure of the mixture of excipients. . Advantageously, frorn 10 to 30% of he mixture of excipients are sprayed during the granulation step, the complement to 100% being sprayed 10 during the coating step. For granulating, bottom spray granulation, tangential spray granulation, top spray granulation or high shear granulation can be used, bottom spray granulation being preferred. For coating, bottom, top and tangential spray methods can be used as 15 well as layering method, the bottom spray method of coating being preferred. According to a first embodiment, the preparation of the particles, comprises the following steps : dry mixing active substance under pulverulent form or under crystalline form, with the acidic compound and optionally with a 20 diluent agent and an antistatic agent, granulating the thus obtained mixture with a binder used under dry or wet form depending on the granulation type, drying. When a fluidized air apparatus is used, a pulverulent mixture of active 25 substance, and optionally the diluent agent and the antistatic agent is charged into the apparatus, then a solution or a suspension of excipients comprising at least a binder is sprayed thereon. According to a second embodiment, the preparation of the particles consists in the following steps : spraying onto an inert carrier a solution or dispersion containing the active substance and the acidic compound, both being sprayed simultaneously or subsequently, drying. 5 According to a third embodiment, the preparation of the particles comprises the following steps : providing active substance particles, spraying thereon a solution of the acidic compound, drying, 10 The particles obtained according to the above-described processes are then coated by spraying thereon a coating composition containing the polymer in solution, dispersion, colloidal dispersion or suspension in a solvant selected from the group consisting in water, organic alcohols such as ethanoi, isopropanol, acetone, and mixtures thereof, 15 and then drying. Preferably the different steps are performed on a fluidized air apparatus, wherein both the position and the orientation of the spraying outlet of said apparatus can be selected. This selection results in the possibility to check the growth rate of the 20 particles and to avoid the binding phenomena due to the nature of the active substance, binding or coating composition, and the different parameters of the process. The coated particles according to the invention can be used in any oral formulations, and are particularly suitable for formulations in which the coated 25 particles are in contact with saliva. Another object of the invention is an oral formulation containing said coated particles. Said oral formulation can be a pharmaceutical powder packaged in a unidose bag, or drinkable suspensions which are presented in liquid form or as extemporaneous preparations to which water needs to be added before use, or tablets which are orodispersible or dispersible in a small amount of water. According to an advantageous embodiment, the oral formulation according to the invention is an orodispersible tablet intended to disintegrate or 5 to dissolve in the buccal cavity upon contact with saliva in less than 60 seconds, preferably in less than 40 seconds, by formation of an easy-to- swailow suspension of coated particles. The disintegration time corresponds to, the time between the moment when the tablet is placed in the buccal cavity in contact with saliva and the 10 moment when the suspension resulting from the disintegration without chewing of the tablet is swallowed. Oral disintegrable multiparticulate tablets have for example, already been described in EP 548356, EP 636364, EP1003484, EP 1058538, WO 98/46215, WO 00/06126, WO 00/27357 and WO00/51568, the contents of 15 which are hereby incorporated by reference. The active ingredient is in the form of coated microcrystals or coated microgranules. The coated particles are released in the buccal cavity when the tablet disintegrates or dissolves in the presence of saliva. Then, they are swallowed and they release the active substance where they are in the gastro-enteric tract 20 (stomach, duodenum), i.e., independently of the surrounding pH. The orodispersible tablets according to the present invention contain the above described coated granules, and a mixture of excipients comprising at least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and optionally a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, an antistatic agent, sweeteners, 25 flavoring agents and colorants. According to an advantageous embodiment of the orodispersible tablets, the ratio of the mixture of excipients to the coated granules is 0.4 to 10, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight. The disintegrating agents are selected from the group consisting of croscarmeliose, crospovidone and mixtures thereof. The proportion of disintegrating agents being 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, in the case of a mixture, each disintegrating 5 agent being comprised between 0.5 and 15% by weight, preferably 5 to 10 % by weight, and the proportion of soluble agent being 20 to 90% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the tablet. The-diiueni agent is selected from the group comprising in particular lactose, cellulosic derivatives, preferably microcrystalline cellulose, and soluble 10 agents with binding properties, preferably polyols having less than 13 carbon atoms. The polyol having less than 13 carbon atoms, is preferably selected from the group consisting in mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol. The diluent agent is in the form of a directly compressible product with 15 an average particle size of 100 to 500 p.m, or in the form of a powder with an average particle size of less than 100 \|im, the powder being used alone or in admixture with the directly compressible product. According to a preferred embodiment, the polyol is used in the form of a directly compressible product. 20 In a second preferred embodiment, a mixture of a directly compressible polyol and a polyol in powder form is used. In this case the polyols can be identical or different, the ratio of directly compressible polyol to powder polyol being from 99/1 to 20/80, preferably from 80/20 to 20/80. The lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium 25 stearate, stearic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate, micronised polyoxyethyleneglycols, sodium benzoate and mixtures thereof. The amount of lubricant is from 0.02 to 2 percent, preferably from 0.5 to 1 percent (weight of the lubricant /total weight of the tablet). The lubricant can be dispersed within the mixture of excipients, or according to an advantageous embodiment, it can be dispersed on the surface of the tablet. The swelling agent is selected from the group consisting of 5 microcrystalline cellulose, starches, modified starches, and mixtures thereof. The proportion of swelling agent is between 1,0 and 15% by weight, based on the weight of the tablet The antistatic agent is selected from the group consisting of colloidal silica, precipitated silica, micronised or non-micronised talc, and mixtures 10 thereof. The proportion of antistatic agent is between 0,5 % and 5% by weight with respect to the weight of the tablet. The permeabilizing agent used is a compound selected from the group comprising silicas with a high affinity for aqueous solvents, such as precipitated silica, better known by the trademark Syloid®, maltodextrins, (3-cyclodextrins 15 and mixtures thereof. The permeabilizing agent allows the creation of a hydrophilic network i which facilitates the penetration of saliva and hence assists the disintegration of the tablet. The proportion of permeabilising agent is between 0.5 and 5% by 20 weight, based on the weight of the tablet. A sweetener and optionally a flavoring and a colorant are also included in the mixture of excipients forming part of the composition of the tablets according to the invention. The sweetener can be selected from the group comprising aspartame, 25 potassium acesulfame, sodium saccharinate, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, and mixtures thereof. The flavorings and colorants are those conventionally used in the pharmaceutical filed for the preparation of tablets. I3 According to an advantageous embodiment, the mixture of excipients comprises; from 1 to 25%, preferably from 5 to 10% by weight of disintegrating and/or swelling agent; 5 from 30 to 90%, preferably from 40 to 70% by weight of diluent agent; from 0.02 to 2%, preferably from 0.5 to 1% by weight of lubricant, from 0.5 to 5% by weight of perrheabilising agent the percentages being calculated with respect to the weight of the tablet. 10 The invention also concerns the process for preparing orodispersible tablets, comprising the coated particles. The process according to the invention comprises the following steps consisting in : dry mixing the coated particles obtained according to the above 15 described process with a mixture of excipients comprising at least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and optionally a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, sweeteners, flavoring agents and colorants; tabletting the mixture to obtain a tablet, 20 The tabletting step can be performed on a alternate or rotative press. The strength used during the tabletting step ranges from 5kN to 50kN, preferably from 5kN to 15kN. The hardness of the orodispersible tablets ranges from 1 to lOkp, preferably from 1 to 5 kp, such as measured according to the method described 25 in the European Pharmacopeia (2.9.8), 1kp being 9.8N. The hardness of the tablets is such that: V the tablets present a friability as measured according to the European Pharmacopeia of less than 2%, the dissolution profile of the tablets is identical to the dissolution profile of the coated particles contained therein; and the disintegration time of orodispersible tablets in the buccal cavity is 60 seconds or less, preferably, 40 seconds or less. 5 The tablets may have a diameter of 6 to 17 mm. They can be round, oval, oblong ; they may have present an outer surface which is flat or concave, and optionally they may be marked. In the case of orodispersible tables, polo punches can advantageously be used. Depending on the dosage, the tablets have a weight of 0.1 to 2.0 grams. 10 The polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is permeable at a pH above 5 works in combination with the active substance and an acidic compound and provides synergistic and unexpected results in the buccal cavity. The invention is illustrated in further detail in the following examples. These 15 examples are only illustrative and not limitative. EXAMPLES In the examples below, the following products are used: - HPMC : hydroxypropylmethylcellulose sold bySHIN-ETSU under the trademark Pharmacoat® 603; 20 - mannitol :Pearlitol® 200SD sold by ROQUETTE; -Microcrystalline cellulose :Avicel® PH102 sold by FMC; - Colloidal silica :Sylold®;244FP sold by BASF ; - Methacrylate copolymer :Eudragit® El00 sold byRhm ; -Sucralose : sold by SPLENDA. 25 EXAMPLE 1: Coated particlesof fexofenadine HCI - In a fluidized bed GPCG1 GLATT, with a Wurster buse (bottom spray), a hydroalcoholic solution containingl000g of fexofenadine HCI, 300g of HPMC as binder (30% by weight with respect to 30 fexofenadine) andlOOg of citric acid (10% by weight with respect to fexofenadine) was sprayed onto 100grammes of sucrose crystals with a size between 80 and 150 jjm. 2400g of the cores obtained in the preceding step are coated in a fluidized bed GPCG3 GLATT equipped with a Wurster buse, by 5 spraying thereon an alcoholic solution of Eudragit@E100 comprising 10% by weight with respect to the weight of dry polymer, of colloidal silica. The amount of Eudragit®E100 was 30% calculated as additional weight with respect to the weight of the cores; 10 The final formula of the coated particles is given in Table 1 below: EXAMPLE 2 : Orodisoersible tablets of fexofenadine HCI 30 ma 15 The particles obtained in example 1 are mixed with excipients, according to table 2. The mixture thus obtained is then tabletted with a SVIAC PR6 press equipped with 6 round punches of 12mm diameter to obtain a unit dose of about 30mg. 20 The tablets present the characteristics mentioned in Table 3 below : EXAMPLE 3 : Orodispersible tablets of fexofenadine HC1180 mq The particles obtained in example 1 are mixed with excipients, 10 according to table 4. The mixture thus obtained is then tabletted with a SVIAC PR6 press equipped with 6 round punches of 16mm diameter, to obtain a unit dose of about 180mg. 15 ^ 5 EXAMPLE 5: Comparative dissolution profiles at pH3 and PH6.8: A dissolution profile is made with the orodispersible tablets of example 3 and example 4, at pH=3 and at pH=6.8. The conditions of dissolution are the following: Apparatus: USP type II 10 - Rate of rotation: 100rpm Volume: 900ml Temperature: 37.0°C±0.5°C Detection: Direct UV spectrophotmetry at 220nm ] Dissolution medium: 15 o atpH=3: HCI 0,001 N o at pH=6.8: phosphate buffer pH=6.8 The results are given in tables 9 and 10 below: 20 i 25 20 y^ ! .- /".- , '= ■' Table 10 In a medium which presents a pH equivalent to the stomach pH, the organic acid has no influence on the release of the fexofenadine. At pH=6.8, the presence of the organic acid in the core of the coated particles 10 helps the solubilization of the coating film and allows the release of the f fexofenadine equivalent to the release of fexofenadine in the medium presenting the stomach pH., while the release of the fexofenadine of the comparative example (with no organic acid in the core) is delayed. WE CLAIM 1. A coated particle of active substance comprising a core, said core comprising the active substance and an acidic compound, said core being coated with a taste masking coating based on a polymer which is soluble at pH 5 of 5 or less, and which is permeable at pH above 5. 2. The coated particle according to claim 1, wherein the acidic compound is a pharmaceutical acceptable organic acid, 10 3. The coated particle according to claim 2, wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid or mixtures thereof. 15 4. The coated particle of claim 1, wherein the amount of acidic compound ranges from 0.5 to 20% (w/w) with respect to the total weight of the coated particles. 5. The coated particle of claim 4, wherein the amount of acidic compound 20 ranges from 5 to 15% (w/w) with respect to the total weight of the coated particles. 6. The coated particle of claim 5, wherein the amount of acidic compound ranges from 5 to 10% (w/w) with respect to the total weight of the coated 25 particles. 7. The coated particle of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises at least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an inert carrier, a binder, a diluent agent or an antistatic agent and mixtures thereof. 8. The coated particle of claim 1, wherein the coating further comprises at least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an antistatic agent, a plasticizer, a surfactant, a lubricant, sweeteners, colorants, flavors, and 5 mixtures thereof. 9. A process for preparing coated particles according to claim 1, comprising the steps consisting of: preparing particles containing the active substance, and the acidic 10 compound, and optionally at least one excipient selected from the group consisting in an inert carrier, a binder, an antistatic agent, a diluent agent, a permeabilizing agent and mixtures thereof, coating the particles by spraying thereon a coating composition based on a polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is 15 permeable at a pH above 5, drying the thus obtained coated granules. 10. Orodispersible tablets comprising coated particles according to anyone of claims 1 to 8 or prepared according to claim 9, and a mixture of excipients 20 comprising at least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and optionally a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, an antistatic agent, sweeteners, flavorings and colorants. 11. Orodispersible tablets according to claim 10, in which the ratio of the 25 mixture of excipients to the coated granules is 0.4 to 10, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, the mixture of excipients comprising: at least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent which presents binding properties, a lubricant, 30 a permeabilising agent, and optionally sweeteners, flavorings and colorants. 12. Orodispersible tablets according to claim 10 or 11, in which the disintegrating agent is selected from the group consisting of croscarmellose, 5 crospovidone and mixtures thereof. 13. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 12 in which the soluble diluentrageni with binding properties consiste a polyol having less than 13 carbon atoms and being either in the form of the directly compressible 10 product with an average particle size of 100 to 500 μm, or in the form of a powder with an average particle size of less than 100 μm, this polyol preferably being selected from the group comprising mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol, it being understood that sorbitol cannot be used alone and that, in the case where there is only one soluble diluent agent with binding properties, it is used 15 in the form of the directly compressible product, whereas in the case where there are at least two soluble diluent agents with binding properties, one is present in the directly compressible form and the other is present in powder form, it then being possible for the polyols to be the same, the ratio of directly compressible polyol to powder polyol being 99/1 to 20/80, preferably 80/20 to 20 20/80. 14. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 13, in which the permeabilizing agent is selected from the group comprising silicas with a high affinity for aqueous solvents, such as precipitated silica better known by 25 the trade mark Syloid®, maltodextrins, p-cyclodextrins and mixtures thereof. 15. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 14, in which the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate, r I " stearic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate, micronised polyoxyethyieneglycols (micronised Macrogol 6000), sodium benzoate and mixtures thereof. 16. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 15, in which 5 the proportion of disintegrating agent is 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, and the proportion of soluble agent is 20 to 90% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the tablet. 17. Process for preparing orodispersible tablets according to anyone of 10 claims 10 to 16, which comprises the steps of: - dry mixing the coated particles obtained according to the above described process with a mixture of excipients comprising at least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and optionally a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, sweeteners, 15 flavoring agents and colorants; tabletting the mixture to obtain a tablet. 18. A coated particle and the process fpr preparing Coated particles and Orodispersible tablets comprising the coated particles substantially as herein described with reference to foregoing examples Dated this day of July 2005 5 5"

Full Text

TASTE-MASKING COATED PARTICLES, PROCESS FOR THE
PREPARATION THEREOF AND ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS
CONTAINING SAID COATED PARTICLES.
5
The present invention concerns taste-masking coated particles of active
substance, oral formulations including said particles, particularly, orodispersible
tablets, and a process for the preparation of said particles and said tablets.
10 In the context of the present invention, the term "orodispersible tablets" means
tablets which are able to disintegrate in the buccal cavity in less than 60 seconds,
preferably in less than 40 seconds, upon contact with saliva by formation of an easy-
to-swallow suspension.
Many active substances which are intended for oral formulations present
15 unpleasant, bitter or irritating taste. Such a taste must be masked in order to improve
the palatability of the oral formulation and, consequently, the compliance with the
treatment.
Taste-masking coating of such active substances is a well-kaiown method
used to solve said problem. 20
Specific polymers have been developed to comply with the taster
masking requirements. Said polymers present a solubility profile according to which
they are insoluble at the saliva pH, i. e. pH=6-8 in order to prevent the active
substance from contacting the tongue when the formulation is in the buccal cavity,
25 but they are soluble at the stomach pH, i. e. pH=l-3, to allow the immediate
release of the active substance and its absorption by the gastrointestinal
mucous membrane.
The polymer is completely dissolved and the active substance is released 30 when both following conditions are fulfilled ;
- the residence time of the coated particles in the stomach is sufficiently long,
- the pH of the stomach is sufficiently acid.
35
In some cases, both conditions are not fulfilled.

In fact, the residence time in the stomach can be very short. This is the
case when the patient has eaten nothing and the stomach is empty. This is also
the case when the patient drinks a large amount of water along with the drug,
because the large amount of water causes the instinctive opening of the pyloric
5 sphincter and the early emptying of the stomach contents into the duodenum.
In the case where the formulation consists in numerous particles presenting a size not greater than a few millimeters, the passage from the pylori to the duodenum (pH5.5-6;5) and the jejunum (pH 6-7) is very/rapid-,
Furthermore, the stomach pH can vary depending on whether the 10 patient has eaten or not.
The uptake of an antacid can also modify the pH of the stomach which is then greatly increased and near neutral pH.
In such cases, the coated particles are in a medium where the polymer is no longer soluble, but only permeable. The release of the active substance 15 depends then on the permeability of the film and on its thickness. The release of the active substance is then delayed.
In order to avoid or to minimize this difficulty, it has been proposed in
the International Patent Application WO91/16043 to coat the active substance
with a polymer membrane which is only soluble at pH above 5 and to add an
20 acidic compound in order to prevent or to limit the dissolution of the polymer
membrane in the buccal cavity.
However, the use of such a polymer membrane with an acidic
compound is not suitable when the active substance must be immediately
released since the polymers are enteric polymers which are insoluble at the
25 stomach pH and are commonly used to protect active substances which can be
damaged at stomach pH.
The solution proposed in WO91/16043, is thus not suitable for an immediate and complete release of active substances which need a taste-masking coating.
3

Up to now, no oral formulations comprising taste-masking particles which release the active substance at any pH value, i.e, at any level in the intestinal tract exist.
It is thus highly desirable to remedy this situation and to develop
5 particles of active substance, which allow an immediate and complete release
of the active substance even outside the stomach pH range and which present
satisfactory taste-masking properties and which can thus be included into oral
formulations in particular orodispersible tablots. presenting a peasant
palatability.
10 The Applicant has now surprisingly found that these characteristics can
be obtained by coated particles comprising a core, said core comprising the active substance and an acidic compound, said core being coated with a taste-masking coating based on a polymer which is soluble at pH of 5 or less, and which is permeable at pH above 5.
15 In the context of the present invention, the term "soluble polymer" refers
to polymers which have the ability to dissolve in a determined pH, substantially independantly of the amount applied when coated onto active substance, and so as to release in one hour, at least 80% (w/w) of the active substance which would have been released without coating, in vivo or in vitro.
20 According to the present invention, at a pH above 5, the polymer is not
soluble, but is permeable . At said pH, the acidic compound which is present in the core locally creates a very acidic micro-environment, which allows the quick dissolution of the polymer film and consequently the release of the active substance from the core.
25 The acidic compound which is comprised in the core of the particles
according to the present invention, is a pharmaceutical^ acceptable organic acid which is selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid or mixtures thereof.
4-

According to an advantageous embodiment of the particles according
to the invention, the amount of acidic compound ranges from 0.5 to 20% (w/w),
preferably from 5 to 15% (w/w), and even more preferably from 5 to 10% (w/w)
with respect to the total weight of the coated particles.
5 The core of the coated particles according to the invention comprises at
least one active substance selected from the group comprising gastroenteric sedatives, antacids, antalgics, antiinflammatory agents, coronary vasodilatators peripheral and-cerebral vasodilatators and agents,
antibiotics, antivirals, antiparasitic agents, acaricids, anxiolytics, neuroleptics,
10 stimulants of the central nervous system, antidepressants, antihistaminics, antidiarrhea agents laxatifs, nutritional supplements, immunodepressants, hypocholesterolemiants, hormones, enzymes, antispasmodics, drugs which act on cardiac rythm, drugs used for treating arterial hypertension, antimigraine agents, anticoagulants, antiepileptics, myorelaxants, drugs used for treating
15 diabetes, drugs used for treating thyroidal dysfunctions, diuretics, anorexigens, antiasthmatics, expectorants, anticoughing, mucoregulators, decongestionants, hypnotics, antinausea agents, hematopoietics, uricosurics, herb extracts, contrast agents or any other family of compounds, or mixtures thereof.
The invention is not suitable for active substances which are labile in
20 acidic medium, such as in the stomach or in the microenvironment created by the acidic compound, and which need gastro-protection for oral administration, for example omeprazole, lansoprazole, or active substances which irritate the stomach mucus membrane, and which need sustained release because of their
ulcerous effects, such as diclofenac, erythromycin and its derivatives and
25 doxycycline.
The active substance which is initially in pulverulent or microcrystalline form, is used in the dry state for preparing particles, and in the form of organic or aqueous solution or suspension for layering on an inert carrier.

In the particles according to the invention, the core may further comprise at least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an inert carrier, a binder, a diluent agent or an antistatic agent and mixtures thereof,
The inert carrier may consist in any chemically and pharmaceutically 5 inert excipient which exists in particular, crystalline or amorphous form. As examples, sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, hydrolysed starch (maltodextrins), celluloses or mixtures thereof can be cited.
Mixtures of sucrose and starch or mixtures based on cellulose are also used as spherical inert carrier. The size of the inert carrier particles ranges 10 between 50 and 500|im, preferably between 90 and 150|xm.
The amount of binder can be up to 15% by weight, preferably up to 10% by weight with respect to the weight of the uncoated particles. Said binder is selected from the group comprising in particular cellulosic polymers, acrylic polymers, povidones, copovidones, polyvinylalcohols, alginic acid, sodium 15 alginate, starch, pregelatinized starch, sucroses and their derivatives, guar gum, polyethyleneglycols, and mixtures thereof.
. The amount of diluent agent can be up to 95%, preferably up to 50% by
weight, with respect to the weight of the uncoated particles. Said diluent agent
is selected from the group comprising cellulosic derivatives, preferably
20 microcrystalline cellulose, polyols, preferably mannitol, starches, sugar
derivatives such as lactose.
The amount of antistatic agent can be up to 10% by weight, preferably up to 3% by weight, with respect to the weight of the uncoated particles. Said antistatic agent is selected from the group comprising colloidal silica (Aerosil®), 25 and preferably precipitated silica, in particular precipitated silica available undrer the trademark Syloid® FP244, micronised or non micronised talc, and mixtures thereof.
According to the present invention , the core which comprises the active substance and the acidic compound is coated with a taste-masking

coating based on a polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is permeable at a pH above 5.
According to an advantageous embodiment said polymer is a
methacrylic acid polymer or copolymer, preferably a copolymer of (butyl
5 methacrylate-co-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate-co-methyI methacrylate)
1:2:1, presenting an average weight of about 150,000, available from ROHM
underthe trademark EUDRAGIT® E100 or EUDRAGIT® EPO.
The-thickness, of the- coating, film depends on. the solubility of .the ective substance at the saliva pH and of the degree of its unpleasant taste. In general, 10 said thickness ranges from about 5 to 75 microns.
The amount of polymer ranges from 5 to 60%; preferably from 10 to 20% calculated as additional weight with respect to the weight of the core to be coated.
According to another embodiment, the coating further comprises at 15 least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an antistatic agent, a plasticizer, surfactant, a lubricant, sweetener, color agent, flavors, and mixtures thereof.
The plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of triacetine,
triethylcitrate, acetyltributyl citrate, tributyl citrate, diethylphthalate,
20 polyethyleneglycols, polysorbates, mono-, diacetylated glycerides, or mixtures
thereof. The plasticizer is used in proportions of at most about 40%, preferably
between 15 and 30% by weight of the coating polymer.
The surfactant is selected from the group consisting of anionic, cationic, non ionic and amphoteric surfactants. The surfactant is used in proportions of 25 at most about 20, preferably between 5 and 15 by weight of the coating polymer.
The antistatic agent is selected from the group consisting of micronised or non micronised talc, colloidal silica (Aerosil 200), treated silica (Aerosil R972), precipitated silica (Syloid FP244), and mixtures thereof. The antistatic
7

agent is used in proportions of at most about 10%, preferably between 0 and 3%, and even more preferably, less than 1% by weight of the coating polymer.
The lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium
stearate, stearic acid, sodium stearyi fumarate, micronised polyethyleneglycols,
5 sodium benzoate, and mixtures thereof. The lubricant is used in proportions of
at most about 10%, preferably between 0 and 3%, and even more preferably,
less than 1% by weight of the coating polymer.
Advantageously the particle size of the coated particle ranges
between 100 and 800pm and preferably between 200 and 500pm,
10 The particle sizes are measured according to conventional methods
such as by sieving or by laser diffraction.
The invention also concerns a process for preparing the above-described coated granules.
The process comprises the steps consisting in :
15 - preparing particles containing the active substance, and the
acidic compound, and optionally at least one excipient
selected from the group consisting in an inert carrier, a
binder, an antistatic agent, a diluent agent, a permeabilizing
agent and mixtures thereof,
20 - coating the particles by spraying thereon a coating
composition based on a polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is permeable at a pH above 5, drying the thus obtained coated granules. In this process the mixing, granulating and coating steps can be 25 performed in different apparatuses or in the same apparatus, each step being performed in the presence of a mixture of excipients which may be identical or different.

In an advantageous embodiment, each step is performed on a fluidized air-bed, such as for example, but not limited to Glatt GPCG-1, GPCG-5 or GPCG 120.
According to an advantageous embodiment, the polymer used for 5 granulating and the polymer used for coating are identical. The granulation step differs from the coating step by the operational parameters such as spraying flow, atomization pressure of the mixture of excipients.
. Advantageously, frorn 10 to 30% of he mixture of excipients are sprayed during the granulation step, the complement to 100% being sprayed 10 during the coating step.
For granulating, bottom spray granulation, tangential spray granulation, top spray granulation or high shear granulation can be used, bottom spray granulation being preferred.
For coating, bottom, top and tangential spray methods can be used as 15 well as layering method, the bottom spray method of coating being preferred.
According to a first embodiment, the preparation of the particles, comprises the following steps :
dry mixing active substance under pulverulent form or under
crystalline form, with the acidic compound and optionally with a
20 diluent agent and an antistatic agent,
granulating the thus obtained mixture with a binder used under dry or wet form depending on the granulation type, drying. When a fluidized air apparatus is used, a pulverulent mixture of active 25 substance, and optionally the diluent agent and the antistatic agent is charged into the apparatus, then a solution or a suspension of excipients comprising at least a binder is sprayed thereon.
According to a second embodiment, the preparation of the particles consists in the following steps :

spraying onto an inert carrier a solution or dispersion containing
the active substance and the acidic compound, both being
sprayed simultaneously or subsequently,
drying.
5 According to a third embodiment, the preparation of the particles
comprises the following steps :
providing active substance particles,
spraying thereon a solution of the acidic compound,
drying,
10 The particles obtained according to the above-described processes are
then coated by spraying thereon a coating composition containing the polymer
in solution, dispersion, colloidal dispersion or suspension in a solvant selected
from the group consisting in water, organic alcohols such as ethanoi,
isopropanol, acetone, and mixtures thereof,
15 and then drying.
Preferably the different steps are performed on a fluidized air apparatus, wherein both the position and the orientation of the spraying outlet of said apparatus can be selected.
This selection results in the possibility to check the growth rate of the 20 particles and to avoid the binding phenomena due to the nature of the active substance, binding or coating composition, and the different parameters of the process.
The coated particles according to the invention can be used in any oral formulations, and are particularly suitable for formulations in which the coated 25 particles are in contact with saliva.
Another object of the invention is an oral formulation containing said coated particles.
Said oral formulation can be a pharmaceutical powder packaged in a unidose bag, or drinkable suspensions which are presented in liquid form or as

extemporaneous preparations to which water needs to be added before use, or tablets which are orodispersible or dispersible in a small amount of water.
According to an advantageous embodiment, the oral formulation
according to the invention is an orodispersible tablet intended to disintegrate or
5 to dissolve in the buccal cavity upon contact with saliva in less than 60
seconds, preferably in less than 40 seconds, by formation of an easy-to-
swailow suspension of coated particles.
The disintegration time corresponds to, the time between the moment when the tablet is placed in the buccal cavity in contact with saliva and the 10 moment when the suspension resulting from the disintegration without chewing of the tablet is swallowed.
Oral disintegrable multiparticulate tablets have for example, already
been described in EP 548356, EP 636364, EP1003484, EP 1058538, WO
98/46215, WO 00/06126, WO 00/27357 and WO00/51568, the contents of
15 which are hereby incorporated by reference. The active ingredient is in the form
of coated microcrystals or coated microgranules.
The coated particles are released in the buccal cavity when the tablet disintegrates or dissolves in the presence of saliva. Then, they are swallowed and they release the active substance where they are in the gastro-enteric tract 20 (stomach, duodenum), i.e., independently of the surrounding pH.
The orodispersible tablets according to the present invention contain
the above described coated granules, and a mixture of excipients comprising at
least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and optionally
a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, an antistatic agent, sweeteners,
25 flavoring agents and colorants.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the orodispersible tablets, the ratio of the mixture of excipients to the coated granules is 0.4 to 10, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight.

The disintegrating agents are selected from the group consisting of croscarmeliose, crospovidone and mixtures thereof.
The proportion of disintegrating agents being 1 to 20% by weight,
preferably 5 to 15% by weight, in the case of a mixture, each disintegrating
5 agent being comprised between 0.5 and 15% by weight, preferably 5 to 10 %
by weight, and the proportion of soluble agent being 20 to 90% by weight,
preferably 30 to 50% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the tablet.
The-diiueni agent is selected from the group comprising in particular lactose, cellulosic derivatives, preferably microcrystalline cellulose, and soluble 10 agents with binding properties, preferably polyols having less than 13 carbon atoms.
The polyol having less than 13 carbon atoms, is preferably selected from the group consisting in mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol.
The diluent agent is in the form of a directly compressible product with 15 an average particle size of 100 to 500 p.m, or in the form of a powder with an average particle size of less than 100 |im, the powder being used alone or in admixture with the directly compressible product.
According to a preferred embodiment, the polyol is used in the form of
a directly compressible product.
20 In a second preferred embodiment, a mixture of a directly compressible
polyol and a polyol in powder form is used. In this case the polyols can be identical or different, the ratio of directly compressible polyol to powder polyol being from 99/1 to 20/80, preferably from 80/20 to 20/80.
The lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium 25 stearate, stearic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate, micronised polyoxyethyleneglycols, sodium benzoate and mixtures thereof.
The amount of lubricant is from 0.02 to 2 percent, preferably from 0.5 to 1 percent (weight of the lubricant /total weight of the tablet).

The lubricant can be dispersed within the mixture of excipients, or according to an advantageous embodiment, it can be dispersed on the surface of the tablet.
The swelling agent is selected from the group consisting of 5 microcrystalline cellulose, starches, modified starches, and mixtures thereof.
The proportion of swelling agent is between 1,0 and 15% by weight, based on the weight of the tablet
The antistatic agent is selected from the group consisting of colloidal silica, precipitated silica, micronised or non-micronised talc, and mixtures 10 thereof. The proportion of antistatic agent is between 0,5 % and 5% by weight with respect to the weight of the tablet.
The permeabilizing agent used is a compound selected from the group comprising silicas with a high affinity for aqueous solvents, such as precipitated silica, better known by the trademark Syloid®, maltodextrins, (3-cyclodextrins 15 and mixtures thereof.
The permeabilizing agent allows the creation of a hydrophilic network
i
which facilitates the penetration of saliva and hence assists the disintegration of the tablet.
The proportion of permeabilising agent is between 0.5 and 5% by 20 weight, based on the weight of the tablet.
A sweetener and optionally a flavoring and a colorant are also included in the mixture of excipients forming part of the composition of the tablets according to the invention.
The sweetener can be selected from the group comprising aspartame, 25 potassium acesulfame, sodium saccharinate, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate, and mixtures thereof.
The flavorings and colorants are those conventionally used in the pharmaceutical filed for the preparation of tablets.
I3

According to an advantageous embodiment, the mixture of excipients comprises;
from 1 to 25%, preferably from 5 to 10% by weight of
disintegrating and/or swelling agent;
5 from 30 to 90%, preferably from 40 to 70% by weight of diluent
agent;
from 0.02 to 2%, preferably from 0.5 to 1% by weight of lubricant,
from 0.5 to 5% by weight of perrheabilising agent
the percentages being calculated with respect to the weight of the tablet.
10 The invention also concerns the process for preparing orodispersible
tablets, comprising the coated particles.
The process according to the invention comprises the following steps consisting in :
dry mixing the coated particles obtained according to the above
15 described process with a mixture of excipients comprising at least
one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and
optionally a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, sweeteners,
flavoring agents and colorants;
tabletting the mixture to obtain a tablet,
20 The tabletting step can be performed on a alternate or rotative press.
The strength used during the tabletting step ranges from 5kN to 50kN, preferably from 5kN to 15kN.
The hardness of the orodispersible tablets ranges from 1 to lOkp, preferably from 1 to 5 kp, such as measured according to the method described 25 in the European Pharmacopeia (2.9.8), 1kp being 9.8N.
The hardness of the tablets is such that:
V
the tablets present a friability as measured according to the European Pharmacopeia of less than 2%,

the dissolution profile of the tablets is identical to the dissolution profile of the
coated particles contained therein; and
the disintegration time of orodispersible tablets in the buccal cavity is 60
seconds or less, preferably, 40 seconds or less.
5 The tablets may have a diameter of 6 to 17 mm. They can be round, oval, oblong ;
they may have present an outer surface which is flat or concave, and optionally they may
be marked.
In the case of orodispersible tables, polo punches can advantageously be used.
Depending on the dosage, the tablets have a weight of 0.1 to 2.0 grams. 10
The polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is permeable at a pH
above 5 works in combination with the active substance and an acidic compound and
provides synergistic and unexpected results in the buccal cavity.
The invention is illustrated in further detail in the following examples. These 15 examples are only illustrative and not limitative.
EXAMPLES
In the examples below, the following products are used: - HPMC :
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose sold bySHIN-ETSU under the trademark Pharmacoat®
603; 20 - mannitol :Pearlitol® 200SD sold by ROQUETTE;
-Microcrystalline cellulose :Avicel® PH102 sold by FMC;
- Colloidal silica :Sylold®;244FP sold by BASF ;
- Methacrylate copolymer :Eudragit® El00 sold byRhm ; -Sucralose : sold by SPLENDA.
25
EXAMPLE 1: Coated particlesof fexofenadine HCI
- In a fluidized bed GPCG1 GLATT, with a Wurster buse (bottom spray), a hydroalcoholic solution containingl000g of fexofenadine HCI, 300g of HPMC as binder (30% by weight with respect to
30 fexofenadine) andlOOg of citric acid (10% by weight with respect

to fexofenadine) was sprayed onto 100grammes of sucrose
crystals with a size between 80 and 150 jjm.
2400g of the cores obtained in the preceding step are coated in a
fluidized bed GPCG3 GLATT equipped with a Wurster buse, by
5 spraying thereon an alcoholic solution of Eudragit@E100
comprising 10% by weight with respect to the weight of dry
polymer, of colloidal silica.
The amount of Eudragit®E100 was 30% calculated as additional weight
with respect to the weight of the cores;
10 The final formula of the coated particles is given in Table 1 below:

EXAMPLE 2 : Orodisoersible tablets of fexofenadine HCI 30 ma
15 The particles obtained in example 1 are mixed with excipients,
according to table 2. The mixture thus obtained is then tabletted with a SVIAC PR6 press equipped with 6 round punches of 12mm diameter to obtain a unit dose of about 30mg.
20

The tablets present the characteristics mentioned in Table 3 below :

EXAMPLE 3 : Orodispersible tablets of fexofenadine HC1180 mq
The particles obtained in example 1 are mixed with excipients, 10 according to table 4. The mixture thus obtained is then tabletted with a SVIAC PR6 press equipped with 6 round punches of 16mm diameter, to obtain a unit dose of about 180mg.
15

^
5 EXAMPLE 5: Comparative dissolution profiles at pH3 and PH6.8:
A dissolution profile is made with the orodispersible tablets of example 3 and example 4, at pH=3 and at pH=6.8.
The conditions of dissolution are the following:
Apparatus: USP type II
10 - Rate of rotation: 100rpm
Volume: 900ml Temperature: 37.0°C±0.5°C
Detection: Direct UV spectrophotmetry at 220nm ]
Dissolution medium:
15 o atpH=3: HCI 0,001 N
o at pH=6.8: phosphate buffer pH=6.8 The results are given in tables 9 and 10 below:
20
i
25
20

y^ ! .- /".- , '= ■'

Table 10

In a medium which presents a pH equivalent to the stomach pH, the organic acid has no influence on the release of the fexofenadine. At pH=6.8, the presence of the organic acid in the core of the coated particles 10 helps the solubilization of the coating film and allows the release of the f fexofenadine equivalent to the release of fexofenadine in the medium presenting the stomach pH., while the release of the fexofenadine of the comparative example (with no organic acid in the core) is delayed.

WE CLAIM
1. A coated particle of active substance comprising a core, said core
comprising the active substance and an acidic compound, said core being
coated with a taste masking coating based on a polymer which is soluble at pH
5 of 5 or less, and which is permeable at pH above 5.
2. The coated particle according to claim 1, wherein the acidic compound is
a pharmaceutical acceptable organic acid,
10 3. The coated particle according to claim 2, wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid or mixtures thereof.
15 4. The coated particle of claim 1, wherein the amount of acidic compound ranges from 0.5 to 20% (w/w) with respect to the total weight of the coated particles.
5. The coated particle of claim 4, wherein the amount of acidic compound
20 ranges from 5 to 15% (w/w) with respect to the total weight of the coated
particles.
6. The coated particle of claim 5, wherein the amount of acidic compound
ranges from 5 to 10% (w/w) with respect to the total weight of the coated
25 particles.
7. The coated particle of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises at
least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an inert
carrier, a binder, a diluent agent or an antistatic agent and mixtures thereof.

8. The coated particle of claim 1, wherein the coating further comprises at
least one of the components selected from the group consisting of an antistatic
agent, a plasticizer, a surfactant, a lubricant, sweeteners, colorants, flavors, and
5 mixtures thereof.
9. A process for preparing coated particles according to claim 1, comprising
the steps consisting of:
preparing particles containing the active substance, and the acidic
10 compound, and optionally at least one excipient selected from the
group consisting in an inert carrier, a binder, an antistatic agent, a
diluent agent, a permeabilizing agent and mixtures thereof,
coating the particles by spraying thereon a coating composition
based on a polymer which is soluble at a pH of 5 or less and which is
15 permeable at a pH above 5,
drying the thus obtained coated granules.
10. Orodispersible tablets comprising coated particles according to anyone
of claims 1 to 8 or prepared according to claim 9, and a mixture of excipients
20 comprising at least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and optionally a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, an antistatic agent, sweeteners, flavorings and colorants.
11. Orodispersible tablets according to claim 10, in which the ratio of the
25 mixture of excipients to the coated granules is 0.4 to 10, preferably 1 to 5 parts
by weight, the mixture of excipients comprising: at least one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent which presents binding properties, a lubricant, 30 a permeabilising agent,

and optionally sweeteners, flavorings and colorants.
12. Orodispersible tablets according to claim 10 or 11, in which the
disintegrating agent is selected from the group consisting of croscarmellose,
5 crospovidone and mixtures thereof.
13. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 12 in which
the soluble diluentrageni with binding properties consiste a polyol having less
than 13 carbon atoms and being either in the form of the directly compressible
10 product with an average particle size of 100 to 500 μm, or in the form of a powder with an average particle size of less than 100 μm, this polyol preferably being selected from the group comprising mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol and maltitol, it being understood that sorbitol cannot be used alone and that, in the case where there is only one soluble diluent agent with binding properties, it is used
15 in the form of the directly compressible product, whereas in the case where there are at least two soluble diluent agents with binding properties, one is present in the directly compressible form and the other is present in powder form, it then being possible for the polyols to be the same, the ratio of directly compressible polyol to powder polyol being 99/1 to 20/80, preferably 80/20 to
20 20/80.
14. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 13, in which
the permeabilizing agent is selected from the group comprising silicas with a
high affinity for aqueous solvents, such as precipitated silica better known by
25 the trade mark Syloid®, maltodextrins, p-cyclodextrins and mixtures thereof.
15. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 14, in which
the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate,

r I "
stearic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate, micronised polyoxyethyieneglycols (micronised Macrogol 6000), sodium benzoate and mixtures thereof.
16. Orodispersible tablets according to anyone of claims 10 to 15, in which
5 the proportion of disintegrating agent is 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15%
by weight, and the proportion of soluble agent is 20 to 90% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the tablet.
17. Process for preparing orodispersible tablets according to anyone of
10 claims 10 to 16, which comprises the steps of:
- dry mixing the coated particles obtained according to the above
described process with a mixture of excipients comprising at least
one disintegrating agent, a soluble diluent agent, a lubricant and
optionally a swelling agent, a permeabilising agent, sweeteners,
15 flavoring agents and colorants;
tabletting the mixture to obtain a tablet.
18. A coated particle and the process fpr preparing Coated particles and Orodispersible tablets comprising the coated particles substantially as herein described with reference to foregoing examples
Dated this day of July 2005
5 5"

Documents:

1624-chenp-2005 abstract granted.pdf

1624-chenp-2005 claims granted.pdf

1624-chenp-2005 description (complete) granted.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-abstract.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-claims.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-correspondnece-others.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-correspondnece-po.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-description(complete).pdf

1624-chenp-2005-form 1.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-form 18.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-form 3.pdf

1624-chenp-2005-pct.pdf

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Patent Number

226015

Indian Patent Application Number

1624/CHENP/2005

PG Journal Number

02/2009

Publication Date

09-Jan-2009

Grant Date

04-Dec-2008

Date of Filing

15-Jul-2005

Name of Patentee

ETHYPHARM

Applicant Address

21, RUE SAINT MATTHIEU, F-78550 HOUDAN,

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	CHENEVIER, PHILIPPE	5864 RUE JEANNE MANCE, MONTREAL H2V 4K8 QUEBEC,
2	MARECHAL DOMINIQUE	5970 RUE PARNY, LAVAL, QUEBEC H7H 2W9,

PCT International Classification Number

A61K9/00

PCT International Application Number

PCT/EP2004/001754

PCT International Filing date

2004-01-22

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	60/443,797	2003-01-30	U.S.A.
2	03 01225	2003-02-03	U.S.A.