Title of Invention	SIGNALLING ROUTING APPARATUS AND METHOD IN OPTICAL NETWORK
Abstract	An apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network, comprising: a signaling route maintaining unit, a signaling packet switching unit and a control node interface; the signaling route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the network, monitoring the link, spreading and updating network topology informatics, calculate explicit route, end forming signaling data packet based on the explicit route, the signaling packet switching unit is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of route port, packet switching or forwarding the signaling data packet; the control node interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets at source control node, sending them to the signaling route maintaining unit, and priority selecting a data packet at destination control nodes.The present invention solves the technical problem that the control platform in the prior art has poor compatibility, expansibility and invinoranility, confirms to the signaling control platform standard of the current transport network, facilitates interworking of signaling network with different devices at network layer; also, diversity route explicit route packet switching is employed to replace the former route table switching, which improves the invulnerability of network transpostation

Title of Invention

SIGNALLING ROUTING APPARATUS AND METHOD IN OPTICAL NETWORK

Abstract

An apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network, comprising: a signaling route maintaining unit, a signaling packet switching unit and a control node interface; the signaling route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the network, monitoring the link, spreading and updating network topology informatics, calculate explicit route, end forming signaling data packet based on the explicit route, the signaling packet switching unit is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of route port, packet switching or forwarding the signaling data packet; the control node interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets at source control node, sending them to the signaling route maintaining unit, and priority selecting a data packet at destination control nodes.The present invention solves the technical problem that the control platform in the prior art has poor compatibility, expansibility and invinoranility, confirms to the signaling control platform standard of the current transport network, facilitates interworking of signaling network with different devices at network layer; also, diversity route explicit route packet switching is employed to replace the former route table switching, which improves the invulnerability of network transpostation

Full Text	SIGNALING ROUTING APPARATUS AND METHOD IN OPTICAL NETWORK Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of optical communication, in particular, to the apparatus and method of transmitting signaling in an optical network by using packet switched technology. Background of the Invention In the modern optical network (e.g. G.8080 standard), the transport network is divided into three independent planes, that is, transport plane, control plane and management plane. Also, there is a relatively independent signaling network in the network to provide signaling communication support, the signaling network defines a signaling transmission protocol for interworking, and is responsible for passing signaling information among the control planes of respective node devices in the optical network. Typically, in the Optical Transport Network (OTN) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy/ Synchronous Optical Network (SDH/SONET), an ECC channel is used to transport the signaling information between control planes and the network management information between network management planes. In a Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) system, generally, an Optical Supervisory Channel (OSC) is used to transfer the communication control signaling. Each OSC channel uses one primary group, and each primary group is divided into 32 time slots. Within the 32 time slots of the primary group, several fixed time slots are assigned as Data Communication Channel (DCC), the communication control signaling is multiplexed to the Data Communication Channel (DCC) through time division multiplex, and the DWDM devices of other nodes in the DWDM network de-multiplex the communication control signaling information from the DCC, As the network structure and network element structure of the optical network becomes increasingly complex and the traffic carried on the 1 network increases rapidly, the capacity of the primary gronp is insufficient to meet the requirement, currently, there is provided a solution that the OSC channel will use SDH/SONET signal (for example, STM 1 signal). In the DWDM system, the solution of transferring communication control signaling through OSC channel using the SDH/SONET signal also has an obvious shortcoming, which is as follows: a signating network matte up of SHH/SOKEX signal belongs to a synchronous network, while the DWDM network itself does not require the transmission of signaling to be synchronous, which will obviously increase the complexity of the network technology and the probability to failure; moreover, while a signaling network made up of SDH/SONET signal itself has relatively perfect protection mechanism, it needs to be provided a large amount of additional resource, which increase the complexity and cost of networking. On the other hand, there is a variety of hardware environment that can. be used by a. signaling network, if the network underlying technology is defined very strictly, it is disadvantage for the interconnection and interworking of the signaling network. Therefore, ITU-T has suggested in G.7712 that the signaling network link support various interface implementations, including WAN interface, LAN interface and ECC interface, and support interworking of IP/OST network layer protocol at network layer. This connectionless-orientated network has following features; a host can send a packet at anytime, and an intermediate node (or router) can forward the packet immediately. When sending the packet, the host does not know whether the network can forward that packet or whether the destination host can receive that packet. Each packet is independent of other packets, even if the destinations of these packets are the same, When a failure occurs at the intermediate node or link, it is possible to find an alternate path at the point of failure and correspondingly update the forwarding table. The process to forward a data packet is as follows: the data packet is sent from a source host to a target host and may pass several routers on the way. Any node, whether it is a host or a router, first verifies if it is within a same physical network with the target host, Typically, 2 the network portion of the target address is compared with that of each local interface, if match, the data packet is transmitted directly. Otherwise, a router that is best or considered as nearest to the target is selected, then the selected next hop router queries the forwarding table with and performs hop-by-hop forwarding. Generally, a default router can also beset, which can be used when all the records on the forwarding table do not match. This kind of IP route forwarding is a local route table based forwarding mechanism, the hop-by-hop forwarding can only form one route between a source terminal and a target terminal, and this kind of connectionless-orientated signaling transmission manner is not so reliable. During the above-described packet forwarding, any one of the intermediate nodes can cause the data packet to be lost due to network's underlying failure or the overflow of process buffer etc., while this kind of lost event can only be found -ntan detection mechanism is added on higher network layer, this will take a relatively long time. Generally, a node relies on the 'hello' shake-hands mechanism of the mite protocol to find the route failure, if confirmation time is added, it will take time in second level or even more time, Therefore, although this connectionless-orientated route/switch technology is flexible and easy to implement, it is hard to meet the reliability requirement of the transport network for signaling transmission, especially under the failure condition, the requirement to transport signaling fast and steadily. Summary of the Invention The technical problem to be solved by the present inventioon is to provide an apparatus and method for routing signaling in an optical network, which can form a uniform optical network signaling control platform in the optical network, transmit the signaling more reliably and implement concurrent priority receiving of the signaling, improve the invulnerability of communication between network element devices of the network. The main idea of the present invention is: building a uniform optical network signaling 3 control platform based on packet switched technology; generating an explicit route table in any control nodes, the signaling between respective control nodes in the network is transported in the form of packet switched data packet at network layer according to the explicit route table; producing a concurrent signaling data packet at source control node; and selecting a signaling data packet at destination control node. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network of the invention comprises a signaling route maintaining unit, a sign a (ing packet switching unit and a control node interface; said signaling route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the network monitoring the link, spreading network topology information and updating the network topology information, calculating explicit route to form an explicit route table, and forming signaling data packet according to the explicit route; said signaling packet switching unit is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of the route port according to the explicit route, packet switching and forwarding the signaling data packet; said control node interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets at source control node, sending them to said signaling route maintaining unit, priority selecting a data packet at destination control node and handing if over to the destination control node for processing. An optical network comprises a transport plant, a control plant and a management plane, said transport plane comprises a plurality of network element devices and is used to provide unidirectional or bi-directional transportation of end-to-end user information; said control plane comprises a plurality of control nodes, said control nodes are configured to control signaling and routing of corresponding transport plane, perform operations of establishing and deleting connection, therein, said control node further comprises a signaling routing means therein, which provides transport channel of signaling for the control node and is configured to calculate explicit route and perform packet forwarding for the com munication signaling; the signaling routing means in said plurality of control nodes form a signaling control platform, the signaling between said control nodes is transported in the form of packet 4 switched data packet in the method for routing signaling in an optical network of the invention, each control node of said optical network is provided with a signaling routing means which forms an independent signaling network, said method comprises the steps of; step 1, obtaining state information of the link between control nodes and spreading it to each control node; step 2, calculating at source control node at least two explicit routes with, minimum link dependency between any two of the control nodes; step 3, packing the signaling information to be transported into at least two data packets simultaneously based on the explicit routes by the source control node and sending them out according to different routes; step 4, after receiving the data packets, looking up corresponding output port by intermediate control node based on the explicit routes carried by the data packets, and performing switching and forwarding of the data packets; step 5, selecting one of the data packets by destination control node based on receiving condition of the data packets, discarding duplicated data packet, and solving out the signaling information within the data packet. The apparatus and method of the invention solves the technical problem that the control platform in the prior art has poor compatibility, expansibility and invalnerability, in contrast to transmit communication control signaling by using ECC channel and the general EP data packet signaling network, it has following effects: the present invention conforms to the signaling control platform standard (G.7712 signaling communication network standard) of the current transport network, which facilitates in terror king of signaling network with different manufacture's devices at network layer; also, diversity route explicit route (source route) packet switching is employed to replace the former route table switching, which improves the invalnerability of network transportation. The present invention utilizes the technology of concurrent priority receiving of the data packets, improves the invalnerability 5 of the signaling to single point or limited multipoint (haven't influenced all the routes simultaneously) failure, saves the protection switching time of the signaling and ensures the performance of Mesh netwark protection and restoration switching. When the topology of the signaling network has changed, the backup route can still ensure that the signling packet be transmitted steadily, which has prevented from relying on real-time dynamical routing algorithm (for example, OSPF,BGP, 1S-IS) to solve backup route, thereby solves the problem that the convergence is slow. The improved diversity route selecting algorithm employed by the invention can rapidly obtain multiple explicit routes with minimam link dependency, which conveniently realizes the obtaing of the explicit route.When a connection failure is found, after self-healing the topatogy, the sigualing network, can re-select a route at background to replace the corrupted route, which dynamically realizes the backup of the route. The apparatus for routing signaling or the invention only needs to add features of source calculation, multiple explicit routes and explicit route forwarding that conforms to IP routing standard on the original router protocol, which dose not affect forwarding feature of the traditional router. The traditional router only needs to support explicit route forwarding according to the IP routing standard specification, it is easy to connect the apparatus for routing signaling of the invention to an IP/OSI signaling network that is formed by conventional routers, the source and destination control nodes only need to function as a border node and the node of conventional routers just perform transparent forwarding directly. The present invention is also applicable to other data communication network that has highly reliable requirement to signaling transmission. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig 1 is a structure diagram of the apparatus for routing signaling of the invention; Fig 2 is a diagram of the optical network that is formed by the apparatus for routing signaling of the invention, Fig 3 is flowchart of the method of the invention; 6 Fig 4 is a flowchart of calculating explicit route in the method of the invention; Fig 5 is a topology diagram for calculating explicit route of the network shown in Fig 2; Fig 6 is at topology diagram for calculating explicit route gf a topology limited signaling network. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments Next, the technical solution of the invention will be described in further detail in conjunction with accompany drawings and embodiments. The core idea of the invention is to transmit signaling in the form of packet switched data packet (may include, but not limited to, an IP packet) between network element devices in an optical network system, a signaling routing means is set in the control node of each network element device as a control platform for communication signaling, the signaling routing means calculates explicit route of the communication signaling and performs packet forwarding. unlike typical router's route table forwarding, the route forwarding realized by the invention determines the forwarding port by relying on source node calculation and the explicit route carried in the data packet. The signaling routing means of the invention is shown in Fig 1, it includes a signaling route maintaining unit a signaling packet switching unit and a control node interface. The signating route maintaining unit includes a link state monitoring and spreading module, a network topology repository, an explicit route calculating module and an explicit route table. Wherein the link state monitoring and spreading module is responsible for maintaining the link state of the network, monitoring network link, spreading network topology information, updating network topology and writing the network topology iota the network topology repository; the explicit route calculating module calculates explicit route and writes the calculated route result into the explicit route table, the module can utilize various link state protocols, OSPF link state- protocol is used in the present embodiment. The signaling packet switching unit includes an explicit route forwarding module and a route port mapping table, 7 the explicit route forwarding module is responsible for resolving route of a signaling data packet, looking up route port mapping table and forwarding the signaling deta packet. The control node interface, as an interface to the cintrol nodes, is responsible for producing a set of concurrent signaling data packets at source control node, selecting a signaling data packet based an the receiving condition aat the destination end and handing it in the control node service side for processing When a control node needs to send a signaling, it generates signaling data and request via the control node interface and sends them to the signaling route maintaining unit, the signaling route maintaining unit takes out destination explicit route that needs, to be transmitted from the explicit route table, packs the signaling data as an IP data packet and hands it to the signaling packet switching unit to perform forwarding. The signaling packet switching unit extracts a local next hop address from the explicit route table, then queries the corresponding output port and sends out the data packet. When the signaling packet switching unit of the next hop receives the data packet, it continues in extract next hop address, then queries the corresponding output part and sends out the data packet, until the signaling packet switching unit of a subsequent next hop finds that the destination address in a local address, then the data packet is handed over to the local control node interface to perform priority receiving and is handed to the control node for processing. The signaling routing means are set in the control node of each network element device in be optical network system and form a uniform signaling control platform to calculate explicit oute for the communication signaling and perform packet forwarding. Fig 2 is a diagram of an optical network that is formed by using the means showa in Fig 1, (wherein the transport plane (transport network) is separated from the control plane (signaling network), the transport plane consists 3 network element devices, and the control plane includes control nodes A, B, C, B, E, F, I, J and Z, the network element device 1 corresponds to control node A, the network element device 2 corresponds to control node C, and the network dement device 3 corresponds to control node Z. The transport plane of the 8 network element device can be various Optical Transport Network (OTN) or SDH transport device. Each control node contains therein the signaling routing means shown in Fig 1 to realize the signaling routing function of the control plane; other fuactionsl; modales will process signaling functions at control plane service level. The signaling routing means of each control node form the signaling transmitting portion of the control node of the optical network. The signaling data packets between control nodes are forwarded between control nodes of the network element devices via the signaling routing means. The flowchart of realizing transportation of signaling in the form of data packet in the optical network shown in Fig 2 is shown in Fig 3. Firstly, route topology information needs to be obtained. Each control node is provided with a. signaling routing means therein, and is configured with a unique communication address of the signaling network, thus, an independent packet switched signaling network is built in the entire optical network. The list of control node and adjacent control node (including link overhead between nodes) is configured through an interface (may include, but not limited to, a command line interface, a simple graphical interface), or can be configured by using the auto-discovering feature. Then, the above link state information is spread to each control node in the network; by using the link state protocol so that each control node can built a full signaling network image, i.e., network topology. Then, the source control node calculates the explicit route between itself any one of the control nodes and saves it in the source control node, such that each control node can function is a potential source control node to calculate and preserve the explicit route. In order to improve the invalnerability of the network it is needed in the indention to calculate at least wo routes with minimum link dependency between any two of the control nodes, and there should be as least as possible overlapping intermediate nodes and links between each route, The obtained explicit route is calculated to form an explicit route table and saves it in the source control mode; the explicit route table records at least two routes with minimum link dependency between any node and each other node in the network. The format of an ordinary 9 route table generally is and the table is recorded in each forwarding node; while the format of an explicit route table generally is hop point, next hop point, ..., destination, overheads> and the table only needs to be recorded in the source control node. For an explicit route table between same source and destination nodes, the next hop point therein should, to the extent possible, not overlap, so as to ensure that the link dependency of the route is the lowest, A diversity route algorithm or a route algorithm with constraint can be employed to calculate explicit route. The present invention has presented an improved Dijkstra algorithm, as shown in Fig 4. Each source control node that has signaling to send uses a search forward Dikstra algorithm or other constrained route algorithms, and calculate explicit route from the network topology collected from the Link State Packet (LSP) gathered by that control node, two tables are involved in the calculation: a probation table and a verification table. the former records the candidate paths and overheads during, calculating the shortest path, the latter records the verified shortest path and overhead from the current source to one next bop node. Each table has a plurality of route records therein, the format of which is next hop point, ...destination, overhead>, two explicit routes are obtained by performing search and calctitatios twice, when local node is a source control node, the final verification table just records therein the routiag addresses of all the control nodes that have been passed between the source and the potential destination control node, Specifically, the steps are: a source control node initializes the verification table, wherein the link overhead is 0. The node that has been newly added into the verification table is called a Next node, the Link State Packet (LSP) of the source control node is examined. The total overhead from the source cantrol node to the Next node and from the Next node to the adjacent nodes is calculated. Then, it is determined whether the adjacent node are in the probation table, if so, then it is further determined whether the above overhead is lower than the current record in the probation table, if Yes, then the current record is replaced by the record nodes, overhead>, if the overhead is not less than the current record, then the current record 10 is preserved and the new record is discarded. If the adjacent nodes are not in the probation table, then the record is add£d into the probation table, note that at this time, every record contains all the nodes that have been passed. At this time, it is determined whether the probation table is empty, if not, then the record with least overhead in the probation table is selected and moved into the verification table, then returns (loops) to continue to examine the Link State Packet (LSP); if the probation table is empty, then the full route from the source control node to tbe destination control node is outpuputed. As this time, it is determined whether all the routes have been calculated, if so, the process to calculate explicit route is ended, if not, the overhead of link between the control nodes that have been selected is increased, then tbe source control node re-initializes the verification table, calculates the corresponding second route until all the second routes have been obtained. It should be pointed out that if the intermediate control node just performs forwarding, it will not be taken as a potential soure node, so the caculation of the above two routes may not be performed. After obtaining the explicit route table the source control node performs concurrens sending of signaling data packets. The signaling routing means in the source control node packs the signaling information to be transferred into data packet, generates two data packets that have same signaling content but have different header content, the header contains therein different explicit routes, the data field of which has different identifier (ID), the identifier (ID) is denoted as (X, YI) and (X, Y2), wherein X represents the sequence number of the data packet, in may be a serial number; Yl, Y2 represents the first and second portion of a same data packet X. The packed signaling information is sent out according to different explicit routes. After the signaling routing means in the intermediate control node receives the signaling data packet, it performs switching and forwarding based on the explicit route carried by the header of the data packet. Each output port of each control node has a number, the explicit route and the output port of the device are mapped to each other, XXX, the corresponding 11 output port can be looked up according to the explicit route carried by the data packet, then the data packet is forwarded to the corresponding output port. Specifically, the process to forward the data packet is: the header address field of the signaling data packet carries therewith the explicit route calculated by the source control node, begin from the source control node, the signaling routing means or each control node that: has received a data packet queries the explicit route of the header of the data packet. If what is indicated by the current address is not a destination address, i.e., the current control node is not a destination control node, then it is mapped to a corresponding output port based on the address of the next hop point indicated in the explicit route and sends the data packet out, at the same time, the address of the next hop point that indicates the current control node is moved by one pointer position, the pointer is set in one field of the header. Since there may be several hops of control nodes to perform forwarding in the path from the source control node to the destination control node, the header of the data packet needs to contain sufficient explicit route information, so that each control node in the path can determine output port for for-warding based on the explicit route information. After forwarded by the intermediate control nodes, the signaling data packet arrives the destination control node. When the signaling routing means of the destination control node receives the data packet, it selects a data packet in accordance with a predefined policy based on the identifier (ID) carried by that data packet, the policy can be a policy which selects data packet with good quality, for example, do not have error code, or can be a policy which selects data packet that arrives first based on the sequence of arrival, then discards the duplicated data packet Thus, even if a failure occurs on the node or link that has been passed by any one of (he two routes, or the data packet is lost due to buffer overflow, the transmission of signaling will Dot be affected. Next, the network shown in Fig 2 is taken as an embodiment to describe the present invention in detail, the data packet of the signaling data takes the form of an IP packet. The signaling routing means in respective control nodes of the network spreads the state of the 12 links between respective nodes into all the signalmg routing means in the network by using the OSPF routing protocol based on the neighbor relationship between point-to-point configured by the network administrator, and automatically generates the topolegy diagram of the signaling network of the control plane. When a physical connection needs to be established between network element device 1 and network dement device 3, first a cannection needs to be established between network element device 1 and network element divece 2. As shown, network element device 1 corresponds to control node A, and network element device 2 corresponds to control node C, Before transmission of signaling is performed between control node A and cantrol node C for the first time, two explicit routes with minimum link dependency from control node A to control node C need to be calculated first. A diversity route selecting algorithm or a constraint routing algorithm may be employed to calculate two link independent source routes: A-B-C and A-D-E-C, and they will be recorded. Currently, there are many diversity route algorithms and constraint routing algorithms and they cap be selected according to optimization purposes. An improved Dijkstra algorithm as shown in Fig 4 can also be employed to calculate the esiplicit rente. As shown in Fig 5, first, the connection overhead of all the control nodes are set to 1, then a path A-E-C with least number of hops can be easily obtained by using the improved Dijkstra algorithm. Then the connection overhead of the nodes that have been selected is set to a larger number (such as 5) and the improved Dijkstra algorithm is performed again to obtain another path A-D-E-C that has minimum link dependency with the foregoing path. Essentially, to select path A-F-I-C is the same as to select path A-D-E-C, here only the case in which path A-D-E-C is selected will be discussed. In the invention, the connecticm overhead of the nodes that have been used is set o a larger value (rather than deleting them), the advantage is that in case a path that is fully link independent could not be found, partial route overlap is permitted. This case is shown in Fig 6, under certain special network topology conditions, such as the BC' segment is overlapping, to avoid a failure occurs when search, is performed by tbe algorithm, A-F-I-B-C can be selected as another route based on link overhead change instead of deleting the 13 segment, of course this is a tradeoff made due to the signaling network topology is limited. After obtaining the explicit route, source control node A generates two IP data packets that have same signaling content, and adds two related identifiers (X, Y1) and (X, Y2) into the data field of the header respectively, wherein X represents the sequence number of the data packet, it may take the form of a serial number; number 1, 2 represents the first and second portion of a same data packet X. The explicit routes carried by the IP header are A-B-C and A-D-E-C, respectively. The signaling routing means of control node A finds the corresponding output port based on the explicit routes and sends the IP data packet to control node B and control node D, respectively. In order to facilitate the next node to obtain correct information, control node A shifts the pointer indication of the explicit routes and obtains explicit routes B-C-A and D-E-C-A respectively and they are sent along with the IP data packet to control node B end control node D, respectively. When control node B and control node D have received the data packet, alter looking up the corresponding output port based on the explicit routes, they shift the explicit routes again to obtain C-A-B and E-C-A-D respectively, which in turn are forwarded with the IP data packet to the next control node C and control node E respectively, until each arrives destination control node C, now the Explicit routes have completed a full loop shift. Under normal condition, after passing different explicit routes the two IP signaling packets sent by control node A will each arrives destination control node C normally. The destination control node C performs priority selecting on the IP signaling packets, in the present imbodiment, the priority selecting policy is to select the IP signaling packet that cones first, the signaling routing means in the destination control node C resolves the received IP nignaling packet, forwards the signaling to other service processing modules to be processed by them, and preserves the identifier (ID) of the IP data packet or a copy of it . When the lecond portion if signaling data packt with same conteat asrives,after cofirming that the rignaling content is the same (by comparing the identifier or the copy), that signaling data packet and the preserved identifier (ID) of tbe IP data packet or the copy are discarded. 14 According to the shove method, it a failure occurs on route A-B-C, the signaling data packet transferred on route A-D-E-C will not be affected, Similarly, A failure on route A-B-E- C will not affect the transmission of signaling data on route A-B-C. For the explicit route between control node A and control node C, two explicit routes are calculated in the present embodiment, in practice, based on actual needs, more than two signaling routes with minimum link dependency can be used to perform forwarding, the processing mechanism of which is the same as that of the above two explicit routes. The OSPF routing protocol has certain network self-healing feature, and can re-modify the transmission reliability of signaling between control nodes based on real time state of the network. If a failure occurs at control node B on route A-B-C, and the failure is not eliminated in certain time (for example, the network self-healing time of the OSPF protocol typically is 60 seconds), then the source control node calculates the explicit route again by using diversity route algorithm based on the refreshed, network topology, at this time, route A-F-I-C can be reselected is another new second route. The process to establish a connection between network eltmtnt device 2 and network element device 3 is simitar to the above process of establishing a eonneting bttween network element device 1 and network element device 2, two explicit routes C-Z and C-J-X are obtained between control node C and control node Z corresponded to network element device 2 and network element device 3 to perform transmission and forwarding of signaling. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the present invention has been described the detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those ordinary skilled in the art should appreciate that modification or equivalent substitution can be made to the technical solution of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be covered in the claims of the invention. 15 CLAIMS 1. An apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network, wherein, comprising: a signaling route maintaining unit, a signaling patktt switching unit and in control node in terrace; said signaling route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the network, monitoring the link, spreading network topology in formation and updating the network topology information, calculating explicit route to form an explicit route table, and forming signaling data packet according to the explicit route; said signaling packet switching unit is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of route port according to the explicit route, packet switch ing or forwarding the signaling data packet; said control node interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets at source contral node, sending them to said signaling route maintaining unit, priority selecting a data packet at destination control node and handing it over to the destination control node for processing. 2. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim I, wherein said signaling route maintaining unit includes a link state monitoring and spreading module, a network topology repository, an explicit route calculating module and an explicit route table; wherein said link state monitoring and spreading module is responsible for maintaining link state of the network, monitoring network link, spreading network topology information, updating network topology and writing the network topology into said network apology repository; said explicit route calculating module is configured to calculate explicit oute and write the calculated route result into said explicit route table. 3. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 2, wherein said link state monitoring and spreading module utilizes OSFF link state protocol. 4. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 1 or 2, wherein ssid signaling route maintaining unit calculates the explicit route by using a diversity route algorithm or a constrained routing algorithm generates the explicit route table at any 16 control node, records at least two routes with minimum link dependence between that control node and the other control nodes in the network; the format of said explicit route table is a standard explicit route, i.e. overhead>, and is recorded in source control node. 5. The apparans for routing signnaling, in an optical network according to claim 4, wherein the steps of calculating the explicit route by said signaling route maitaining unit are: performing a search forward Dijkstra algorithm on each source control mode that has signaling fesend, calculating explicit route from the signaling network image collected from the Link State Packet gathered by that source control node, maintaining two tables; a probation table and a verification table, each table has a plurality or records therein, the format of which is , obtaining two explicit routes by performing search and calculation twice, when local node is a source control node, the final verification route table just records therein routing addresses of all tat control nodes that have been passed between the source and the potential destination control node. 6. The apparatus for routing signating in an optical network according to claim 1, wherein said signaling packet switching unit comprises an explicit roote forwarding module and a route port mapping table, said explicit route forwarding module is responsible for resolving route of a signaling data packet, looking up said route port mapping table and forwarding the signaling data packet. 7. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 1, wherein the header address field of said signaling data packet carries therewith the explicit route calculated by the source control node, begin from the source control node, the control node interface performs concurrently sending of data packets, each node that receives the data packet queries the explicit route of the headed, if what is indicated by the current address is not a destination address, then it is mapped to a corresponding device port based on the address of the next hop point indicated in the data packet to perform transmiting, and the address of the next hop point that indicates the current control node is moved by one 17 pointer position, if the current address is a destination address, then the data packet is handed over to a local control node interface to perform priority receiving, 8. An optical network, comprising a transport plane, a control plane and a management plants said transport plane comprises a plurality of network element devices find is configured to provide unidirectional or bi-directional transportation of end-to end user information; said control plane comprises a plurality of control nodes, said control nodes are configured to control signaling and routing of corresponding transport plane, perform Operations of establishing and deleting connection; wherein said control node further comprises therein the apparatus for routing signaling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which provides transport chancel of signaling for the control node, a and is configured to calculate explicit route and perform packet forwarding for communication signaling; the apparatus for routing signaling within said plurality of control nodes form a signaling control platform, the signaling between said control nodes is transported in the form of packet switched data packet. 9. A method for routing signing in an optical network each control node of said optical network is provided with an apparatns for routing signaling, which forms an independent signaling network, said method comprises the steps of: step 1, obtaining state information of the link between control nodes and sureading it to each control node; step 2, Calculating at source control node at least two explicit routs with mlinimum link dependency between any two of the control nodes; step 3, packing the signaling Information to be transported into at least two data packets simuitaneously based on the explicit routes by the source control node and sending the not iccording to different routes; step 4, after receiving the data packets, looking up corresponding output port by inter mediate control node based on the explicit routes carried by the data packets, and performing switching and forwarding of the data packets; 18 step 5, selecting one of the data packets by destination control node based on receiving condition of the data packets, discarding duplicated data packet, and solving out the signaling within the data packet. 10. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according io claim 9, wherein said step 1 or obtaining state information of the link between control nodes further comprising: configuring the apparatus for routing signling in each control node with an unique communication address of signaling network; coafiguring a listing of respective control undes and adjacent control nodes via an interface, including the link overhead between nodes. 11. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 10, wherein said listing of control nodes can also be configured with an auto-discovering feature. 12. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 9, wherein said step 1 of calculating explicit routes further comprising: using a search forward Dijkstva algorithm or other constrained rouling algorithms by each source control node that has signaling to send to calculate explicit route from the network topology collection from the Link State Packer gathered by that source control node, a probation table and a verification table are involved during calculation; obtaining two explicit routes by performing search and calculation twice, when local node is a source control node, the final verification table just records therein routing addresses of an the control nodes that have been passed between the source and the potential destination control node, recording explicit roaute table in the source control node. 13, The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 12, wherein said step of calculating explicit routes is: 1) initializing the verification table by the source control node, wherein link overhead is 2) examining the Link State Packet of the source control node, and the node that has been newly added into the verification table is called a Next node; 3) calculating the total overhead from the source control node to the Next node and from the Next node to the adjacent nodes; 4) determining whether the adjacent nodes arc in the probation table, if so, then goes to step, 5) it the adjacent nodes use not in the probation table, then adding record point.., adjaceal nodus, overhead> into the probation table, going to step 6); 5) determining whether the above overhead is lower than the current record in the probation table, if yes then the current record is replaced by the record next hop point..., adjacent nodes, overhead; if the overhead is not less than the current record, the current record is preserved; 6) determining whether the probation table is empty, if not empty, them the recocd with leasf overhead in the probation table is ,selected and moved into the verification cable, then goes to Step 2); if the probalioti table is empty, then the full route from the source control node to the destination control node is outputted; 7) determining whether all the routes have been calculated, if so, the process to calculate explicit route is ended; if not, the overhead of the link between the control nodes that have been selected is increased, and the process returns to step 1). 14, The method for roating signaling in an optical network according to claim 9, wherein in said step 3, the header conten of the two data packets are different, including the explicit routes carried by the header address field are different and the identifiers (IDs) id the data field are different, wherein the identifier (ID) can be denoted as (X, Yl) and (X, Y2), wherein X represents the sequence number of the data packet, it may be a serial number; Yl, Y2 represents the first and second portion of a same data packet X. 15. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 9,wherein said step 4 of switching and forwarding date packets further comprising: the control node that has received a data packet queries the explicit route carried by the heater address field of the patkets if what is indicated by the current address is not a destination address, i.e, the current control node is not a destination control node, then it is mapped to a corresponding 20 output port based on the address of the next hop paint indicated in the explicit route and sends the data packet out, at the same time, the address of the next hop point that indicates the current control node is moved by one pointer position. 16. The method for routing signaling in an optical network accurding to claim 15, wherein, after said control node has found the corresponding output port based on the explicit route, it shifts the pointer indication of the explicit route and transmits the shifted explicit route along with the data packet to a next node. 17. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 9, wherein in said step 5, the policy for a destination control node to select a data packet is to select a data packet with good quality, or select a data packet that arrives first based on the sequence of arrival. 21 An apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network, comprising: a signaling route maintaining unit, a signaling packet switching unit and a control node interface; the signaling route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the network, monitoring the link, spreading and updating network topology informatics, calculate explicit route, end forming signaling data packet based on the explicit route, the signaling packet switching unit is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of route port, packet switching or forwarding the signaling data packet; the control node interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets at source control node, sending them to the signaling route maintaining unit, and priority selecting a data packet at destination control nodes.The present invention solves the technical problem that the control platform in the prior art has poor compatibility, expansibility and invinoranility, confirms to the signaling control platform standard of the current transport network, facilitates interworking of signaling network with different devices at network layer; also, diversity route explicit route packet switching is employed to replace the former route table switching, which improves the invulnerability of network transpostation

Full Text

SIGNALING ROUTING APPARATUS AND METHOD IN OPTICAL NETWORK
Technical Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of optical communication, in particular, to the
apparatus and method of transmitting signaling in an optical network by using packet
switched technology.
Background of the Invention
In the modern optical network (e.g. G.8080 standard), the transport network is divided into
three independent planes, that is, transport plane, control plane and management plane. Also,
there is a relatively independent signaling network in the network to provide signaling
communication support, the signaling network defines a signaling transmission protocol for
interworking, and is responsible for passing signaling information among the control planes
of respective node devices in the optical network.
Typically, in the Optical Transport Network (OTN) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy/
Synchronous Optical Network (SDH/SONET), an ECC channel is used to transport the
signaling information between control planes and the network management information
between network management planes.
In a Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) system, generally, an Optical
Supervisory Channel (OSC) is used to transfer the communication control signaling. Each
OSC channel uses one primary group, and each primary group is divided into 32 time slots.
Within the 32 time slots of the primary group, several fixed time slots are assigned as Data
Communication Channel (DCC), the communication control signaling is multiplexed to the
Data Communication Channel (DCC) through time division multiplex, and the DWDM
devices of other nodes in the DWDM network de-multiplex the communication control
signaling information from the DCC, As the network structure and network element
structure of the optical network becomes increasingly complex and the traffic carried on the
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network increases rapidly, the capacity of the primary gronp is insufficient to meet the
requirement, currently, there is provided a solution that the OSC channel will use
SDH/SONET signal (for example, STM 1 signal).
In the DWDM system, the solution of transferring communication control signaling
through OSC channel using the SDH/SONET signal also has an obvious shortcoming, which
is as follows: a signating network matte up of SHH/SOKEX signal belongs to a synchronous
network, while the DWDM network itself does not require the transmission of signaling to be
synchronous, which will obviously increase the complexity of the network technology and the
probability to failure; moreover, while a signaling network made up of SDH/SONET signal
itself has relatively perfect protection mechanism, it needs to be provided a large amount of
additional resource, which increase the complexity and cost of networking.
On the other hand, there is a variety of hardware environment that can. be used by a.
signaling network, if the network underlying technology is defined very strictly, it is
disadvantage for the interconnection and interworking of the signaling network. Therefore,
ITU-T has suggested in G.7712 that the signaling network link support various interface
implementations, including WAN interface, LAN interface and ECC interface, and support
interworking of IP/OST network layer protocol at network layer.
This connectionless-orientated network has following features; a host can send a packet at
anytime, and an intermediate node (or router) can forward the packet immediately. When
sending the packet, the host does not know whether the network can forward that packet or
whether the destination host can receive that packet. Each packet is independent of other
packets, even if the destinations of these packets are the same, When a failure occurs at the
intermediate node or link, it is possible to find an alternate path at the point of failure and
correspondingly update the forwarding table.
The process to forward a data packet is as follows: the data packet is sent from a source
host to a target host and may pass several routers on the way. Any node, whether it is a host
or a router, first verifies if it is within a same physical network with the target host, Typically,
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the network portion of the target address is compared with that of each local interface, if
match, the data packet is transmitted directly. Otherwise, a router that is best or considered
as nearest to the target is selected, then the selected next hop router queries the forwarding
table with and performs hop-by-hop forwarding. Generally, a
default router can also beset, which can be used when all the records on the forwarding table
do not match. This kind of IP route forwarding is a local route table based forwarding
mechanism, the hop-by-hop forwarding can only form one route between a source terminal
and a target terminal, and this kind of connectionless-orientated signaling transmission
manner is not so reliable.
During the above-described packet forwarding, any one of the intermediate nodes can
cause the data packet to be lost due to network's underlying failure or the overflow of process
buffer etc., while this kind of lost event can only be found -ntan detection mechanism is added
on higher network layer, this will take a relatively long time. Generally, a node relies on the
'hello' shake-hands mechanism of the mite protocol to find the route failure, if confirmation
time is added, it will take time in second level or even more time, Therefore, although this
connectionless-orientated route/switch technology is flexible and easy to implement, it is hard
to meet the reliability requirement of the transport network for signaling transmission,
especially under the failure condition, the requirement to transport signaling fast and
steadily.
Summary of the Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present inventioon is to provide an apparatus and
method for routing signaling in an optical network, which can form a uniform optical
network signaling control platform in the optical network, transmit the signaling more
reliably and implement concurrent priority receiving of the signaling, improve the
invulnerability of communication between network element devices of the network.
The main idea of the present invention is: building a uniform optical network signaling
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control platform based on packet switched technology; generating an explicit route table in
any control nodes, the signaling between respective control nodes in the network is
transported in the form of packet switched data packet at network layer according to the
explicit route table; producing a concurrent signaling data packet at source control node; and
selecting a signaling data packet at destination control node.
The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network of the invention comprises a
signaling route maintaining unit, a sign a (ing packet switching unit and a control node
interface; said signaling route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the
network monitoring the link, spreading network topology information and updating the
network topology information, calculating explicit route to form an explicit route table, and
forming signaling data packet according to the explicit route; said signaling packet switching
unit is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of
the route port according to the explicit route, packet switching and forwarding the signaling
data packet; said control node interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets
at source control node, sending them to said signaling route maintaining unit, priority
selecting a data packet at destination control node and handing if over to the destination
control node for processing.
An optical network comprises a transport plant, a control plant and a management plane,
said transport plane comprises a plurality of network element devices and is used to provide
unidirectional or bi-directional transportation of end-to-end user information; said control
plane comprises a plurality of control nodes, said control nodes are configured to control
signaling and routing of corresponding transport plane, perform operations of establishing
and deleting connection, therein, said control node further comprises a signaling routing
means therein, which provides transport channel of signaling for the control node and is
configured to calculate explicit route and perform packet forwarding for the com munication
signaling; the signaling routing means in said plurality of control nodes form a signaling
control platform, the signaling between said control nodes is transported in the form of packet
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switched data packet
in the method for routing signaling in an optical network of the invention, each control
node of said optical network is provided with a signaling routing means which forms an
independent signaling network, said method comprises the steps of;
step 1, obtaining state information of the link between control nodes and spreading it to
each control node;
step 2, calculating at source control node at least two explicit routes with, minimum link
dependency between any two of the control nodes;
step 3, packing the signaling information to be transported into at least two data packets
simultaneously based on the explicit routes by the source control node and sending them out
according to different routes;
step 4, after receiving the data packets, looking up corresponding output port by
intermediate control node based on the explicit routes carried by the data packets, and
performing switching and forwarding of the data packets;
step 5, selecting one of the data packets by destination control node based on receiving
condition of the data packets, discarding duplicated data packet, and solving out the signaling
information within the data packet.
The apparatus and method of the invention solves the technical problem that the control
platform in the prior art has poor compatibility, expansibility and invalnerability, in contrast
to transmit communication control signaling by using ECC channel and the general EP data
packet signaling network, it has following effects: the present invention conforms to the
signaling control platform standard (G.7712 signaling communication network standard) of
the current transport network, which facilitates in terror king of signaling network with
different manufacture's devices at network layer; also, diversity route explicit route (source
route) packet switching is employed to replace the former route table switching, which
improves the invalnerability of network transportation. The present invention utilizes the
technology of concurrent priority receiving of the data packets, improves the invalnerability
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of the signaling to single point or limited multipoint (haven't influenced all the routes
simultaneously) failure, saves the protection switching time of the signaling and ensures the
performance of Mesh netwark protection and restoration switching. When the topology of the
signaling network has changed, the backup route can still ensure that the signling packet be
transmitted steadily, which has prevented from relying on real-time dynamical routing
algorithm (for example, OSPF,BGP, 1S-IS) to solve backup route, thereby solves the problem
that the convergence is slow. The improved diversity route selecting algorithm employed by
the invention can rapidly obtain multiple explicit routes with minimam link dependency,
which conveniently realizes the obtaing of the explicit route.When a connection failure is
found, after self-healing the topatogy, the sigualing network, can re-select a route at
background to replace the corrupted route, which dynamically realizes the backup of the
route. The apparatus for routing signaling or the invention only needs to add features of
source calculation, multiple explicit routes and explicit route forwarding that conforms to IP
routing standard on the original router protocol, which dose not affect forwarding feature of
the traditional router. The traditional router only needs to support explicit route forwarding
according to the IP routing standard specification, it is easy to connect the apparatus for
routing signaling of the invention to an IP/OSI signaling network that is formed by
conventional routers, the source and destination control nodes only need to function as a
border node and the node of conventional routers just perform transparent forwarding
directly. The present invention is also applicable to other data communication network that
has highly reliable requirement to signaling transmission.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig 1 is a structure diagram of the apparatus for routing signaling of the invention;
Fig 2 is a diagram of the optical network that is formed by the apparatus for routing
signaling of the invention,
Fig 3 is flowchart of the method of the invention;
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Fig 4 is a flowchart of calculating explicit route in the method of the invention;
Fig 5 is a topology diagram for calculating explicit route of the network shown in Fig 2;
Fig 6 is at topology diagram for calculating explicit route gf a topology limited signaling
network.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
Next, the technical solution of the invention will be described in further detail in
conjunction with accompany drawings and embodiments.
The core idea of the invention is to transmit signaling in the form of packet switched data
packet (may include, but not limited to, an IP packet) between network element devices in an
optical network system, a signaling routing means is set in the control node of each network
element device as a control platform for communication signaling, the signaling routing
means calculates explicit route of the communication signaling and performs packet
forwarding. unlike typical router's route table forwarding, the route forwarding realized by
the invention determines the forwarding port by relying on source node calculation and the
explicit route carried in the data packet.
The signaling routing means of the invention is shown in Fig 1, it includes a signaling route
maintaining unit a signaling packet switching unit and a control node interface. The
signating route maintaining unit includes a link state monitoring and spreading module, a
network topology repository, an explicit route calculating module and an explicit route table.
Wherein the link state monitoring and spreading module is responsible for maintaining the
link state of the network, monitoring network link, spreading network topology information,
updating network topology and writing the network topology iota the network topology
repository; the explicit route calculating module calculates explicit route and writes the
calculated route result into the explicit route table, the module can utilize various link state
protocols, OSPF link state- protocol is used in the present embodiment. The signaling packet
switching unit includes an explicit route forwarding module and a route port mapping table,
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the explicit route forwarding module is responsible for resolving route of a signaling data
packet, looking up route port mapping table and forwarding the signaling deta packet. The
control node interface, as an interface to the cintrol nodes, is responsible for producing a set
of concurrent signaling data packets at source control node, selecting a signaling data packet
based an the receiving condition aat the destination end and handing it in the control node
service side for processing
When a control node needs to send a signaling, it generates signaling data and request via
the control node interface and sends them to the signaling route maintaining unit, the
signaling route maintaining unit takes out destination explicit route that needs, to be
transmitted from the explicit route table, packs the signaling data as an IP data packet and
hands it to the signaling packet switching unit to perform forwarding. The signaling packet
switching unit extracts a local next hop address from the explicit route table, then queries the
corresponding output port and sends out the data packet. When the signaling packet
switching unit of the next hop receives the data packet, it continues in extract next hop
address, then queries the corresponding output part and sends out the data packet, until the
signaling packet switching unit of a subsequent next hop finds that the destination address in
a local address, then the data packet is handed over to the local control node interface to
perform priority receiving and is handed to the control node for processing.
The signaling routing means are set in the control node of each network element device in
be optical network system and form a uniform signaling control platform to calculate explicit
oute for the communication signaling and perform packet forwarding.
Fig 2 is a diagram of an optical network that is formed by using the means showa in Fig 1,
(wherein the transport plane (transport network) is separated from the control plane
(signaling network), the transport plane consists 3 network element devices, and the control
plane includes control nodes A, B, C, B, E, F, I, J and Z, the network element device 1
corresponds to control node A, the network element device 2 corresponds to control node C,
and the network dement device 3 corresponds to control node Z. The transport plane of the
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network element device can be various Optical Transport Network (OTN) or SDH transport
device. Each control node contains therein the signaling routing means shown in Fig 1 to
realize the signaling routing function of the control plane; other fuactionsl; modales will
process signaling functions at control plane service level. The signaling routing means of each
control node form the signaling transmitting portion of the control node of the optical
network. The signaling data packets between control nodes are forwarded between control
nodes of the network element devices via the signaling routing means.
The flowchart of realizing transportation of signaling in the form of data packet in the
optical network shown in Fig 2 is shown in Fig 3. Firstly, route topology information needs to
be obtained. Each control node is provided with a. signaling routing means therein, and is
configured with a unique communication address of the signaling network, thus, an
independent packet switched signaling network is built in the entire optical network. The list
of control node and adjacent control node (including link overhead between nodes) is
configured through an interface (may include, but not limited to, a command line interface, a
simple graphical interface), or can be configured by using the auto-discovering feature. Then,
the above link state information is spread to each control node in the network; by using the
link state protocol so that each control node can built a full signaling network image, i.e.,
network topology.
Then, the source control node calculates the explicit route between itself any one of the
control nodes and saves it in the source control node, such that each control node can function
is a potential source control node to calculate and preserve the explicit route. In order to
improve the invalnerability of the network it is needed in the indention to calculate at least
wo routes with minimum link dependency between any two of the control nodes, and there
should be as least as possible overlapping intermediate nodes and links between each route,
The obtained explicit route is calculated to form an explicit route table and saves it in the
source control mode; the explicit route table records at least two routes with minimum link
dependency between any node and each other node in the network. The format of an ordinary
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route table generally is and the table is recorded in
each forwarding node; while the format of an explicit route table generally is hop point, next hop point, ..., destination, overheads> and the table only needs to be recorded
in the source control node. For an explicit route table between same source and destination
nodes, the next hop point therein should, to the extent possible, not overlap, so as to ensure
that the link dependency of the route is the lowest,
A diversity route algorithm or a route algorithm with constraint can be employed to
calculate explicit route. The present invention has presented an improved Dijkstra algorithm,
as shown in Fig 4. Each source control node that has signaling to send uses a search forward
Dikstra algorithm or other constrained route algorithms, and calculate explicit route from
the network topology collected from the Link State Packet (LSP) gathered by that control
node, two tables are involved in the calculation: a probation table and a verification table. the
former records the candidate paths and overheads during, calculating the shortest path, the
latter records the verified shortest path and overhead from the current source to one next bop
node. Each table has a plurality of route records therein, the format of which is next hop
point, ...destination, overhead>, two explicit routes are obtained by performing search and
calctitatios twice, when local node is a source control node, the final verification table just
records therein the routiag addresses of all the control nodes that have been passed between
the source and the potential destination control node, Specifically, the steps are: a source
control node initializes the verification table, wherein the link overhead is 0. The node that
has been newly added into the verification table is called a Next node, the Link State Packet
(LSP) of the source control node is examined. The total overhead from the source cantrol
node to the Next node and from the Next node to the adjacent nodes is calculated. Then, it is
determined whether the adjacent node are in the probation table, if so, then it is further
determined whether the above overhead is lower than the current record in the probation
table, if Yes, then the current record is replaced by the record nodes, overhead>, if the overhead is not less than the current record, then the current record
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is preserved and the new record is discarded. If the adjacent nodes are not in the probation
table, then the record is add£d into the
probation table, note that at this time, every record contains all the nodes that have been
passed. At this time, it is determined whether the probation table is empty, if not, then the
record with least overhead in the probation table is selected and moved into the verification
table, then returns (loops) to continue to examine the Link State Packet (LSP); if the
probation table is empty, then the full route from the source control node to tbe destination
control node is outpuputed. As this time, it is determined whether all the routes have been
calculated, if so, the process to calculate explicit route is ended, if not, the overhead of link
between the control nodes that have been selected is increased, then tbe source control node
re-initializes the verification table, calculates the corresponding second route until all the
second routes have been obtained. It should be pointed out that if the intermediate control
node just performs forwarding, it will not be taken as a potential soure node, so the
caculation of the above two routes may not be performed.
After obtaining the explicit route table the source control node performs concurrens
sending of signaling data packets. The signaling routing means in the source control node
packs the signaling information to be transferred into data packet, generates two data packets
that have same signaling content but have different header content, the header contains
therein different explicit routes, the data field of which has different identifier (ID), the
identifier (ID) is denoted as (X, YI) and (X, Y2), wherein X represents the sequence number
of the data packet, in may be a serial number; Yl, Y2 represents the first and second portion
of a same data packet X. The packed signaling information is sent out according to different
explicit routes.
After the signaling routing means in the intermediate control node receives the signaling
data packet, it performs switching and forwarding based on the explicit route carried by the
header of the data packet. Each output port of each control node has a number, the explicit
route and the output port of the device are mapped to each other, XXX, the corresponding
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output port can be looked up according to the explicit route carried by the data packet, then
the data packet is forwarded to the corresponding output port.
Specifically, the process to forward the data packet is: the header address field of the
signaling data packet carries therewith the explicit route calculated by the source control
node, begin from the source control node, the signaling routing means or each control node
that: has received a data packet queries the explicit route of the header of the data packet. If
what is indicated by the current address is not a destination address, i.e., the current control
node is not a destination control node, then it is mapped to a corresponding output port based
on the address of the next hop point indicated in the explicit route and sends the data packet
out, at the same time, the address of the next hop point that indicates the current control node
is moved by one pointer position, the pointer is set in one field of the header. Since there may
be several hops of control nodes to perform forwarding in the path from the source control
node to the destination control node, the header of the data packet needs to contain sufficient
explicit route information, so that each control node in the path can determine output port for
for-warding based on the explicit route information.
After forwarded by the intermediate control nodes, the signaling data packet arrives the
destination control node. When the signaling routing means of the destination control node
receives the data packet, it selects a data packet in accordance with a predefined policy based
on the identifier (ID) carried by that data packet, the policy can be a policy which selects data
packet with good quality, for example, do not have error code, or can be a policy which selects
data packet that arrives first based on the sequence of arrival, then discards the duplicated
data packet Thus, even if a failure occurs on the node or link that has been passed by any one
of (he two routes, or the data packet is lost due to buffer overflow, the transmission of
signaling will Dot be affected.
Next, the network shown in Fig 2 is taken as an embodiment to describe the present
invention in detail, the data packet of the signaling data takes the form of an IP packet. The
signaling routing means in respective control nodes of the network spreads the state of the
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links between respective nodes into all the signalmg routing means in the network by using
the OSPF routing protocol based on the neighbor relationship between point-to-point
configured by the network administrator, and automatically generates the topolegy diagram
of the signaling network of the control plane. When a physical connection needs to be
established between network element device 1 and network dement device 3, first a
cannection needs to be established between network element device 1 and network element
divece 2. As shown, network element device 1 corresponds to control node A, and network
element device 2 corresponds to control node C, Before transmission of signaling is performed
between control node A and cantrol node C for the first time, two explicit routes with
minimum link dependency from control node A to control node C need to be calculated first.
A diversity route selecting algorithm or a constraint routing algorithm may be employed to
calculate two link independent source routes: A-B-C and A-D-E-C, and they will be recorded.
Currently, there are many diversity route algorithms and constraint routing algorithms
and they cap be selected according to optimization purposes. An improved Dijkstra algorithm
as shown in Fig 4 can also be employed to calculate the esiplicit rente. As shown in Fig 5, first,
the connection overhead of all the control nodes are set to 1, then a path A-E-C with least
number of hops can be easily obtained by using the improved Dijkstra algorithm. Then the
connection overhead of the nodes that have been selected is set to a larger number (such as 5)
and the improved Dijkstra algorithm is performed again to obtain another path A-D-E-C that
has minimum link dependency with the foregoing path. Essentially, to select path A-F-I-C is
the same as to select path A-D-E-C, here only the case in which path A-D-E-C is selected will
be discussed. In the invention, the connecticm overhead of the nodes that have been used is set
o a larger value (rather than deleting them), the advantage is that in case a path that is fully
link independent could not be found, partial route overlap is permitted. This case is shown in
Fig 6, under certain special network topology conditions, such as the BC' segment is
overlapping, to avoid a failure occurs when search, is performed by tbe algorithm, A-F-I-B-C
can be selected as another route based on link overhead change instead of deleting the
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segment, of course this is a tradeoff made due to the signaling network topology is limited.
After obtaining the explicit route, source control node A generates two IP data packets that
have same signaling content, and adds two related identifiers (X, Y1) and (X, Y2) into the data
field of the header respectively, wherein X represents the sequence number of the data packet,
it may take the form of a serial number; number 1, 2 represents the first and second portion
of a same data packet X. The explicit routes carried by the IP header are A-B-C and A-D-E-C,
respectively. The signaling routing means of control node A finds the corresponding output
port based on the explicit routes and sends the IP data packet to control node B and control
node D, respectively. In order to facilitate the next node to obtain correct information, control
node A shifts the pointer indication of the explicit routes and obtains explicit routes B-C-A
and D-E-C-A respectively and they are sent along with the IP data packet to control node B
end control node D, respectively. When control node B and control node D have received the
data packet, alter looking up the corresponding output port based on the explicit routes, they
shift the explicit routes again to obtain C-A-B and E-C-A-D respectively, which in turn are
forwarded with the IP data packet to the next control node C and control node E respectively,
until each arrives destination control node C, now the Explicit routes have completed a full
loop shift.
Under normal condition, after passing different explicit routes the two IP signaling packets
sent by control node A will each arrives destination control node C normally. The destination
control node C performs priority selecting on the IP signaling packets, in the present
imbodiment, the priority selecting policy is to select the IP signaling packet that cones first,
the signaling routing means in the destination control node C resolves the received IP
nignaling packet, forwards the signaling to other service processing modules to be processed
by them, and preserves the identifier (ID) of the IP data packet or a copy of it . When the
lecond portion if signaling data packt with same conteat asrives,after cofirming that the
rignaling content is the same (by comparing the identifier or the copy), that signaling data
packet and the preserved identifier (ID) of tbe IP data packet or the copy are discarded.
14

According to the shove method, it a failure occurs on route A-B-C, the signaling data
packet transferred on route A-D-E-C will not be affected, Similarly, A failure on route A-B-E-
C will not affect the transmission of signaling data on route A-B-C. For the explicit route
between control node A and control node C, two explicit routes are calculated in the present
embodiment, in practice, based on actual needs, more than two signaling routes with
minimum link dependency can be used to perform forwarding, the processing mechanism of
which is the same as that of the above two explicit routes.
The OSPF routing protocol has certain network self-healing feature, and can re-modify the
transmission reliability of signaling between control nodes based on real time state of the
network. If a failure occurs at control node B on route A-B-C, and the failure is not
eliminated in certain time (for example, the network self-healing time of the OSPF protocol
typically is 60 seconds), then the source control node calculates the explicit route again by
using diversity route algorithm based on the refreshed, network topology, at this time, route
A-F-I-C can be reselected is another new second route.
The process to establish a connection between network eltmtnt device 2 and network
element device 3 is simitar to the above process of establishing a eonneting bttween network
element device 1 and network element device 2, two explicit routes C-Z and C-J-X are
obtained between control node C and control node Z corresponded to network element device
2 and network element device 3 to perform transmission and forwarding of signaling.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical
solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the
present invention has been described the detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those
ordinary skilled in the art should appreciate that modification or equivalent substitution can
be made to the technical solution of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope
of the invention, which should be covered in the claims of the invention.
15

CLAIMS
1. An apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network, wherein, comprising: a
signaling route maintaining unit, a signaling patktt switching unit and in control node
in terrace; said signaling route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the
network, monitoring the link, spreading network topology in formation and updating the
network topology information, calculating explicit route to form an explicit route table, and
forming signaling data packet according to the explicit route; said signaling packet switching
unit is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of
route port according to the explicit route, packet switch ing or forwarding the signaling data
packet; said control node interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets at
source contral node, sending them to said signaling route maintaining unit, priority selecting a
data packet at destination control node and handing it over to the destination control node for
processing.
2. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim I,
wherein said signaling route maintaining unit includes a link state monitoring and spreading
module, a network topology repository, an explicit route calculating module and an explicit
route table; wherein said link state monitoring and spreading module is responsible for
maintaining link state of the network, monitoring network link, spreading network topology
information, updating network topology and writing the network topology into said network
apology repository; said explicit route calculating module is configured to calculate explicit
oute and write the calculated route result into said explicit route table.
3. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 2,
wherein said link state monitoring and spreading module utilizes OSFF link state protocol.
4. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein ssid signaling route maintaining unit calculates the explicit route by using a diversity
route algorithm or a constrained routing algorithm generates the explicit route table at any
16

control node, records at least two routes with minimum link dependence between that control
node and the other control nodes in the network; the format of said explicit route table is a
standard explicit route, i.e. overhead>, and is recorded in source control node.
5. The apparans for routing signnaling, in an optical network according to claim 4,
wherein the steps of calculating the explicit route by said signaling route maitaining unit are:
performing a search forward Dijkstra algorithm on each source control mode that has
signaling fesend, calculating explicit route from the signaling network image collected from
the Link State Packet gathered by that source control node, maintaining two tables; a
probation table and a verification table, each table has a plurality or records therein, the
format of which is , obtaining two explicit routes
by performing search and calculation twice, when local node is a source control node, the
final verification route table just records therein routing addresses of all tat control nodes
that have been passed between the source and the potential destination control node.
6. The apparatus for routing signating in an optical network according to claim 1,
wherein said signaling packet switching unit comprises an explicit roote forwarding module
and a route port mapping table, said explicit route forwarding module is responsible for
resolving route of a signaling data packet, looking up said route port mapping table and
forwarding the signaling data packet.
7. The apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 1,
wherein the header address field of said signaling data packet carries therewith the explicit
route calculated by the source control node, begin from the source control node, the control
node interface performs concurrently sending of data packets, each node that receives the
data packet queries the explicit route of the headed, if what is indicated by the current
address is not a destination address, then it is mapped to a corresponding device port based
on the address of the next hop point indicated in the data packet to perform transmiting, and
the address of the next hop point that indicates the current control node is moved by one
17

pointer position, if the current address is a destination address, then the data packet is
handed over to a local control node interface to perform priority receiving,
8. An optical network, comprising a transport plane, a control plane and a management
plants said transport plane comprises a plurality of network element devices find is
configured to provide unidirectional or bi-directional transportation of end-to end user
information; said control plane comprises a plurality of control nodes, said control nodes are
configured to control signaling and routing of corresponding transport plane, perform
Operations of establishing and deleting connection; wherein said control node further
comprises therein the apparatus for routing signaling according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
which provides transport chancel of signaling for the control node, a and is configured to
calculate explicit route and perform packet forwarding for communication signaling; the
apparatus for routing signaling within said plurality of control nodes form a signaling control
platform, the signaling between said control nodes is transported in the form of packet
switched data packet.
9. A method for routing signing in an optical network each control node of said optical
network is provided with an apparatns for routing signaling, which forms an independent
signaling network, said method comprises the steps of:
step 1, obtaining state information of the link between control nodes and sureading it to
each control node;
step 2, Calculating at source control node at least two explicit routs with mlinimum link
dependency between any two of the control nodes;
step 3, packing the signaling Information to be transported into at least two data packets
simuitaneously based on the explicit routes by the source control node and sending the not
iccording to different routes;
step 4, after receiving the data packets, looking up corresponding output port by
inter mediate control node based on the explicit routes carried by the data packets, and
performing switching and forwarding of the data packets;
18

step 5, selecting one of the data packets by destination control node based on receiving
condition of the data packets, discarding duplicated data packet, and solving out the signaling
within the data packet.
10. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according io claim 9, wherein
said step 1 or obtaining state information of the link between control nodes further
comprising: configuring the apparatus for routing signling in each control node with an
unique communication address of signaling network; coafiguring a listing of respective
control undes and adjacent control nodes via an interface, including the link overhead
between nodes.
11. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 10,
wherein said listing of control nodes can also be configured with an auto-discovering feature.
12. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 9, wherein
said step 1 of calculating explicit routes further comprising: using a search forward Dijkstva
algorithm or other constrained rouling algorithms by each source control node that has
signaling to send to calculate explicit route from the network topology collection from the Link
State Packer gathered by that source control node, a probation table and a verification table
are involved during calculation; obtaining two explicit routes by performing search and
calculation twice, when local node is a source control node, the final verification table just
records therein routing addresses of an the control nodes that have been passed between the
source and the potential destination control node, recording explicit roaute table in the source
control node.
13, The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 12,
wherein said step of calculating explicit routes is:
1) initializing the verification table by the source control node, wherein link overhead is
2) examining the Link State Packet of the source control node, and the node that has
been newly added into the verification table is called a Next node;

3) calculating the total overhead from the source control node to the Next node and from
the Next node to the adjacent nodes;
4) determining whether the adjacent nodes arc in the probation table, if so, then goes to
step, 5) it the adjacent nodes use not in the probation table, then adding record point.., adjaceal nodus, overhead> into the probation table, going to step 6);
5) determining whether the above overhead is lower than the current record in the
probation table, if yes then the current record is replaced by the record next hop point...,
adjacent nodes, overhead; if the overhead is not less than the current record, the
current record is preserved;
6) determining whether the probation table is empty, if not empty, them the recocd with
leasf overhead in the probation table is ,selected and moved into the verification cable, then
goes to Step 2); if the probalioti table is empty, then the full route from the source control
node to the destination control node is outputted;
7) determining whether all the routes have been calculated, if so, the process to calculate
explicit route is ended; if not, the overhead of the link between the control nodes that have
been selected is increased, and the process returns to step 1).
14, The method for roating signaling in an optical network according to claim 9, wherein
in said step 3, the header conten of the two data packets are different, including the explicit
routes carried by the header address field are different and the identifiers (IDs) id the data
field are different, wherein the identifier (ID) can be denoted as (X, Yl) and (X, Y2), wherein
X represents the sequence number of the data packet, it may be a serial number; Yl, Y2
represents the first and second portion of a same data packet X.
15. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 9,wherein
said step 4 of switching and forwarding date packets further comprising: the control node
that has received a data packet queries the explicit route carried by the heater address field
of the patkets if what is indicated by the current address is not a destination address, i.e, the
current control node is not a destination control node, then it is mapped to a corresponding
20

output port based on the address of the next hop paint indicated in the explicit route and
sends the data packet out, at the same time, the address of the next hop point that indicates
the current control node is moved by one pointer position.
16. The method for routing signaling in an optical network accurding to claim 15,
wherein, after said control node has found the corresponding output port based on the
explicit route, it shifts the pointer indication of the explicit route and transmits the shifted
explicit route along with the data packet to a next node.
17. The method for routing signaling in an optical network according to claim 9, wherein
in said step 5, the policy for a destination control node to select a data packet is to select a data
packet with good quality, or select a data packet that arrives first based on the sequence of
arrival.
21

An apparatus for routing signaling in an optical network, comprising: a signaling route
maintaining unit, a signaling packet switching unit and a control node interface; the signaling
route maintaining unit is responsible for maintaining link state of the network, monitoring the
link, spreading and updating network topology informatics, calculate explicit route, end
forming signaling data packet based on the explicit route, the signaling packet switching unit
is responsible for resolving the signaling data packet, looking up mapping relationship of
route port, packet switching or forwarding the signaling data packet; the control node
interface is responsible for producing concurrent data packets at source control node, sending
them to the signaling route maintaining unit, and priority selecting a data packet at
destination control nodes.The present invention solves the technical problem that the control
platform in the prior art has poor compatibility, expansibility and invinoranility, confirms
to the signaling control platform standard of the current transport network, facilitates
interworking of signaling network with different devices at network layer; also, diversity
route explicit route packet switching is employed to replace the former route table switching,
which improves the invulnerability of network transpostation

Documents:

00240-kolnp-2006-abstract.pdf

00240-kolnp-2006-claims.pdf

00240-kolnp-2006-description complete.pdf

00240-kolnp-2006-drawings.pdf

00240-kolnp-2006-form 1.pdf

00240-kolnp-2006-form 3.pdf

00240-kolnp-2006-form 5.pdf

00240-kolnp-2006-international publication.pdf

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Patent Number

226124

Indian Patent Application Number

00240/KOLNP/2006

PG Journal Number

50/2008

Publication Date

12-Dec-2008

Grant Date

08-Dec-2008

Date of Filing

31-Jan-2006

Name of Patentee

ZTE CORPORATION

Applicant Address

ZTE PLAZA, KEJI ROAD SOUTH ,HI-TECH INDUSTRIAL PARK, NANSHAN DISTRICT, SHENZHEN CITY ,GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518057, PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	GAO FENG	ZTE PLAZA, KEJI ROAD SOUTH ,HI-TECH INDUSTRIAL PARK, NANSHAN DISTRICT, SHENZHEN CITY ,GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518057, PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA
2	MA HENG	ZTE PLAZA, KEJI ROAD SOUTH ,HI-TECH INDUSTRIAL PARK, NANSHAN DISTRICT, SHENZHEN CITY ,GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518057, PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA
3	LIU JIANGUO	ZTE PLAZA, KEJI ROAD SOUTH ,HI-TECH INDUSTRIAL PARK, NANSHAN DISTRICT, SHENZHEN CITY ,GUANGDONG PROVINCE 518057, PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

PCT International Classification Number

H04B 10/00

PCT International Application Number

PCT/CN2003/001040

PCT International Filing date

2003-12-05

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	03139901.0	2003-07-16	China