Title of Invention	A DRAWING FRAME
Abstract	A drawing frame suitable for processing jute fiber comprises : at least 7 heads or carriages; a back conductor under which a sliver (S) passes between a rear and a front back rollers (Br, Bf); falter bars (F), each having a top feller screw, a bottom feller screw, and gill pins in groups, the sliver passing through the gill pins to the nip between a drawing roller (Al) and a rubber pressing roller (P); a liftable gill sliver separator or divider hinged near the back or retaining roller side and resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing roller side; a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller (1) connected to each head through a ducting and collecting chute, the chutes being connected through a common ducting to the mouth of the impeller; an electronic stop motion system (Sm) comprising an infra-red sensing device mounted on a creel and a sliver cylinder (Sc); and a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing roller and rubber pressing roller.

Title of Invention

A DRAWING FRAME

Abstract

A drawing frame suitable for processing jute fiber comprises : at least 7 heads or carriages; a back conductor under which a sliver (S) passes between a rear and a front back rollers (Br, Bf); falter bars (F), each having a top feller screw, a bottom feller screw, and gill pins in groups, the sliver passing through the gill pins to the nip between a drawing roller (Al) and a rubber pressing roller (P); a liftable gill sliver separator or divider hinged near the back or retaining roller side and resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing roller side; a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller (1) connected to each head through a ducting and collecting chute, the chutes being connected through a common ducting to the mouth of the impeller; an electronic stop motion system (Sm) comprising an infra-red sensing device mounted on a creel and a sliver cylinder (Sc); and a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing roller and rubber pressing roller.

Full Text	This invention relates to a drawing frame and particularly to a screw gill drawing frame. This is especially useful for processing jute for standard light count yarn. A drawing line comprises of 3 drawing machines, namely, 1st Drawing Frame, 2nd Drawing Frame and 3rd Drawing Frame, also called as Finisher Drawing Frame. The purpose of these drawing frames is to make the fiber of jute sliver parallel and to draw the sliver thinner. In the 1st drawing frame, some amount of parallelisation takes place, and also the sliver drawn will have a reduced weight. 1st drawing has 2:1 doubling, i.e., two slivers are mixed for doubling up. By this, the thick part of one sliver is neutralized by a thin part of the other sliver. This resultant sliver, with a 3:1 or 4.1 doubling, is fed to the 2nd drawing frame. In the 2nd drawing frame, the sliver undergoes further parallelisation, reduction in weight and also improvement in the sliver regularities. The sliver from the 2nd drawing frame is then fed to the 3rd drawing frame or finisher drawing frame for reduction in the weight of the sliver and for further improvement in parallelisation and regularities. The present invention is concerned with improvements in the 2nd drawing frame. In the traditional system, only one 2nd drawing frame is used. In order to improve the number of doublings, parallelisation of fibres, C.V% (coefficient of variation of sliver mass) etc, another 2nd drawing frame is also used. The extra processing, i.e., 4-passage drawing (instead of traditional 3 passage drawing) has the following problems: (a) Needs more 2nd drawing frames; (b) Resultant increase in investment costs; (c) Need for more floor space with resultant cost increase; (d) Extra labour; (e) Increased electric power costs; (f) Extra store cost; (g) Extra maintenance cost; The object of the present invention is to provide a drawing frame of higher speed and bigger package, having 7 heads or carriages, instead of 5 heads or carriages, by introducing additional heads or carriages in the place of 5 heads or carriages of prior art machine with modification of other parts without changing the length of the prior art machine. Accordingly, the present invention provides a drawing frame, particularly suitable for processing jute fiber of standard light count, said frame comprising, at least 7 heads or carriages; a back conductor under which a sliver passes between a rear and a front back rollers; a plurality of failer bars each having a top faller screw and a bottom faller screw, each said faller bar being provided with gill pins in groups, said sliver passing through said gill pins to the nip between a drawing roller and a rubber pressing roller; a gill sliver separator or divider hinged near the back or retaining roller side and resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing roller side, for dividing adjacent slivers to prevent flowing of fibres from one sliver to another sliver, said separator being liftable to permit cleaning, picking and repairing when needed; a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller connected to each head through a ducting and a collecting chute, said collecting chutes being connected through a common ducting to the mouth of the impeller; an electronic stop motion system comprising an infra-red sensing device provided with an emitter and a reflector mounted on a creel and a sliver cylinder; and a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing roller and rubber pressing roller. The drawing rollers are preferably mounted on ball bearings in housings. A jockey roller may be provided between the rear and front back rollers, the sliver from the rear back roller being passed over the jockey roller under the front back roller. A doubling plate can be provided for doubling slivers drawn by the drawing roller, said plate having six slots, all inclined in the same direction for lacing 3 slivers one above the other to give 3.1 doubling or in different directions to allow 4 slivers one above the other to be laced together to give 4:1 lacing. A long back shaft may be provided for driving seven short back shafts,said short back shafts being drivably connected to said faller bars through spur and bevel gear arrangements, and said long back shafts being mounted on bearings in bearing housings. The faller bar is preferably provided with 6 groups of gills in two staggered rows, with no appreciable gap between adjacent groups of gills. The sliver can packing system may comprise a plate or disk driven by a shaft supported by bearing brackets fitted on the bottom front rail, said plate or disk being rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately, said plate supporting sliver cans at the delivery side of the frame, and a gear being mounted at the bottom side of said plate and fitted on a coiler base plate rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately, said, plate supporting sliver cans at the delivery side of the frame, a gear mounted at the bottom side of said plate and fitted on a coiler base plate. In this arrangement, the plates can support fourteen numbers of 18" diameter sliver in the place of ten number of 16" diameter sliver cans of the prior art machine. A coiler motion shaft is mounted on bearing brackets to project towards back/feed side of the machine from the back of the bottom front rail and is driven by a reversing motion wheel at the main gable end of the drawing frame provided inside the drawing frame at the back of bottom front rail, said shaft being drivably connected to said coiler plates by a bevel gear fitted on the shaft. The back rollers, drawing rollers, back shaft, short back shaft, doubling late, delivery roller and faller screws are supported on carriage plates, there being 14 carriage plates and an additional carriage plate at the main gable. The present invention provides a screw gill drawing frame which is especially useful as a second drawing frame, although it can be used as a first drawing frame also. The invention will now be described with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein - Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic view of a drawing frame according to the present invention; Fig. 1A shows faller screw arrangement of the drawing frame of Fig. 1; Fig. 1B shows faller screw arrangement of Fig. 1A in detail; Fig. 1C shows the can packer ratchet rod used in the drawing frame of Fig. 1; Fig. 2 shows a drawing roller or front roller of a known drawing frame; Fig. 3 shows a drawing roller or front roller according to the present invention; Fig. 4 shows a rear back roller and a front back roller of a prior art drawing frame; Fig. 5 shows a rear back roller and a front back roller according to the present invention-; Figs. 6, 6A and 6B show front, plan and side views of the doubling plate of a drawing frame known in the art; Figs. 7, 7A and 7B respectively show front, plan and side views of a doubling plate according to the present invention; Figs. 8 and 8A show front and side views of the long back shaft bush system of a prior art drawing frame; Figs. 9 and 9A show front and side views of a long back shaft bush system according to the present invention; Figs. 10 and 10A show front and side views of the long back shaft fitting system of existing drawing frame; Figs. 11 and 11A show front and side views of a long back shaft fitting system according to the present invention; Figs. 12, 12A and 12B show views of the delivery roller bush arrangement of a known drawing frame; Figs. 13 and 13A show a delivery roller bearing arrangement according to the present invention; Fig. 14 shows faller bar of prior art drawing frame; Fig. 15 shows a faller bar according to the present invention; Figs. 16 and 16A show the coiler base plate of a known drawing frame; Figs. 17 and 17A show a coiler base plate according to the present invention; Figs. 18 and 18A show the front and side views of the coiler plate of prior art drawing frame; Figs. 19 and 19A show the front and side views of a coiler base plate according to the present invention; Figs. 20 and 20A show the front and side views of the front plate of the coiler base plate of Fig. 19; Figs. 21 and 21A show the front and side views of the back plate of the coiler base plate of Fig. 17; Figs. 22 and 22A show the front and side views of the carriage plate of a known drawing frame of Fig. 1; Figs. 23 and 23A show the front and side views of a carriage plate according to the present invention; Figs. 24 and 24A show the front and side views of the rubber pressing roller of prior art drawing frame; Figs. 25 and 25A show part-sectional view and side view of a rubber pressing roller according to the present invention; Fig. 2 6 shows the stop motion arrangement for the drawing frame according to the present invention; Fig. 27 shows driving pulley of a known drawing frame; Fig. 28 shows a driving pulley according to the present invention; Figs. 29 and 29A show front view and plan view of modified short fibre extraction system according to the present invention; Fig. 29B shows a detail of Fig. 27; Figs. 30 and 30A show the front and plan views of a creel drive according to the present invention; Figs. 31 and 31A show the front and side views of a rubber roller for the drawing frame of prior art; Figs. 32 and 32A show the front and side views of a rubber roller according to the present invention; Figs. 33 and 34 show a modified coiler drive arrangement and shaft bracket for the drawing frame of the present invention; Figs. 35 and 36 show a gill sliver separator for a drawing frame according to the present invention. Fig. 37 shows end view of a preferred can packer device/ assembly from the main gable gear side; and Fig. 3 8 shows end view of the can packer device/assembly from inside main gable. The existing 2nd drawings frames have 5 heads, also known as carriages. These heads/carriages are fitted on a bearer beam Bbm (Fig. 38) so that they are equally spaced apart. Each carriage plate Cpp is seated on the bearer beam Bbm almost on the head of bearer Brr (Fig. 33). The frames have 10 deliveries per frame, 2 deliveries per head, 6 or 8 slivers per head. All the rollers and shafts are mounted in gun metal bushes. Delivery speed is about 25 to 30 yards per minute and delivery sliver weight is 4 to 4.5 lbs for 100 yards. Production rate per day of 23.5 hours is 5.5 to 6 m. tons per drawing frame. The operating efficiency is 65 to 75%. It has mechanical stop motion and is suitable for 3:1 doubling or 4:1 doubling. In contrast the machine according to the present invention has 7 heads or carriages per drawing frame, with 2 deliveries per head. So, there are 14 deliveries in each drawing frame. The number of slivers per head is 6 and there is a 3:1 doubling or 8 for 4:1 doubling machine. The size of sliver cans at delivery end is greater than that of sliver cans used in existing frames. Delivery roller, drawing roller, long back shaft, coiler shaft and driving pulley are fitted with ball/roller bearings. As a result, the delivery speed increases to 32 to 40 yards per minute and the operating efficiency will be 70 to 80%. The delivery sliver weight would be 4 to 4.5 lbs per 100 yards. The machine can process 9 to 10 tons per day of 23 5 hours. The improved 2nd drawing frame of the present invention will now be described in detail From Figs. 1 to 1C, and 35 it can be seen that sliver S, stored in cans C is drawn over a sliver cylinder Sc of a feed creel Fc, over a missing sliver stop motion detector Sm, through back conductors Bk, then under a back roller Br, over a jockey roller J, then again under a front back roller Bf. The sliver then passes over gills G of faller bars F, under an auto front conductor and then under a rubber pressing roller P. The sliver is then passed through delivery roller D and a delivery pressing roller Dp. The sliver is thereafter crimped in a crimping box Cb and delivered to a receiving sliver can through a delivery chute D suitably located near the nip of the rollers D and Dp. The chute allows the sliver to fall into a can C1 which collects the emerging sliver sitting on a reciprocating turning disc Cp. A can packing device/assembly is also provided. Figs. 37 and 38 show a can packing device according to one embodiment of the invention. It comprises of a can packer can (Pcm), can packer lever (Pel), Slide rod (Sid), Ratchet Rod (Rd), Aluminium presser (Ap), Support Arm (Sa), Ratchet Pawl (P ) and Support Bracket (Sb). It makes high density packing of the crimped sliver in the cam. From Fig. 1C, it can be seen that the ratchet rod Rdx is an MS round having teeth cut on one side. A long key way Kw is provided along its length (Fig. 37). At the end of cam packer ratchet rod Rd, there is an aluminium presser Ap which presses the sliver in the sliver can DSc. The cam packer rod is fitted on a cam packer ratchet rod support bracket Sb and the support bracket fits on a slide rod Sid which is moved up and down by a cam packer lever Cpl by the action of cam packer cam Pcm. The ratchet rod Rd is a CI part. This arm fits on the top of slide rod S1d which moves up and down by means of a cam movement. The Can Packer Ratchet Rod Support Arm Sa holds the Ratchet Rod assembly, which is meant for packing jute sliver into the sliver can. Since the modification increases the diameter of the sliver can in order to increase the sliver content of each can, the can coiler plates are modified which shift the position of the can. So the Can Packer Ratchet Rod Support Arm requires modification and has been changed in the modified system to suit the new position of the sliver cans at Front/Delivery side of the machine. The faller bar F is moved forward by the rotation of left hand and right hand top faller screws (Sr, BSr), and hit by top cam Cm when it reaches the front end of top faller screws Sr. The faller F then drops on a bottom faller slide FS controller by front faller springs FFS and is then moved backward by the bottom faller screws BSr rotating in the opposite direction, until it reaches the rear end of the bottom faller screws and is lifted by bottom cans BCm controlled by a faller ruler FLr to top faller slides TFs. The faller F is then moved forward again by the top faller screws Sr. The top and bottom faller screws are connected by spur gears Sg. The top faller screw Sr has a bevel gear V at its end. This bevel gear V is driven by a bevel/bevel- compound gear which in turn is driven by a pinion through a shear pin arrangement on a long back shaft. There are 30 cans for 3:1 doubling machine or 40 cans for 4:1 doubling machine, with sliver at the feed end of the drawing frame, i.e., 1 sliver per gill of faller bars. 3 (or 4) slivers from three (or four) adjacent gills are drawn through the grooves or slots in the doubling plate to delivery side, thereby effecting a 3:1 doubling or 4:1 doubling. When a can is full, it is removed manually. The modification has been designed suCh that there is no change in the operation of the drawing frame. The only extra operation needed is placing and lifting of gill sliver dividers as and when required for removing short fibres from an extraction collection chamber. The improvements made in different parts of the drawing frame are hereinafter described with reference to Figs. 2 to 36. The existing drawing roller A shown in Fig. 2 is made of hardened steel. It is also called as front roller. It has three sections joined together to form the roller. The roller has a long journal resting on a half white metal bush. The front/drawing roller Al according to the present invention is shown in Fig. 2A. It is also made of hardened steel. But it comprises 8 sections joined together by male and female thread connections. The drawing roller is mounted on ball bearings in a housing, so that it can work at a higher speed than drawing roller A. Further each section is of less length than the prior art drawing roller. The front/drawing roller draws sliver through gill pins of a faller bar (Fig. 15). The sliver passes over the drawing roller and is pressed by a rubber pressing roller (Figs. 25, 35) resting an the drawing roller Al. The pressure of the pressing roller is controlled by spring load. There are two retaining/back rollers Bl and B2 (Fig. 4) in the known machine. One of these rollers is slightly behind the other and both the front and rear retaining rollers have slightly different diameter. According to the present invention, the two retaining rollers Bf, Br (Fig. 5) have slightly different diameters and are made of steel. But each roller is made of 7 sections (B3', B4') as compared to 5 sections Bl', B2' of the retaining rollers of existing machine. 7 sections are necessary for accommodating seven heads. The retaining rollers are used for holding or retaining the sliver at the feeding point in the machine while the front/drawing roller pulls the sliver against pins of the faller bar to draw a thinner sliver. The retaining rollers Bf, Br rotate at a lower speed than the drawing roller. The ratio of speed is preferably 1:5 to 1:6. This enables to reduce the weight as well as thickness of the sliver to the required level. The retaining roller holds the sliver by means of a jockey roller J (Figs. 1, 35) so that the drawing/front roller can draw the sliver properly. Figs. 6, 6A and 6B show a doubling plate LI of an existing machine. It is a cast iron +plate C having slots CI, C2 inclined from left and right directions and a central triangular slot; C3. The doubling plate L of the present invention (Figs. 7, 7A, 7B) has long slots Dl, D2, all inclined in the same direction, preferably at 45°. In these Figs., 6 slots (3 of Dl and 3 of D2) are provided. 3 or 4 slivers drawn by the drawing roller are doubled up by these slots and led to a single delivery point. The doubling plate thus makes the three slivers to be laced one above the other, so that thick and thin places of one sliver neutralize the thin and thick places of the other two slivers. This doubling plate is much shorter in length than the prior art doubling plate of Fig. 6 and has long slots inclined in the same direction. The existing long back shaft bush system E is shown in Figs. 8 and 8A, 10 and 10A. It has a plain steel shaft supported in five gun metal bush supports. In the long back shaft bearing system El according to the present invention (Figs. 9 and 9A, 11 and 11A), the long back shaft is fitted by means of a bearing in a bearing housing to achieve a higher speed. It has seven bearing supports, and drives seven short back shafts through gear and sheer pin arrangements. The short back shafts drive the faller bars by means of spur and bevel gear arrangements. The Long Back Shaft provides drive to each head through a shear pin gear drive system, so that if one head becomes idle due to jamming of sliver or malfunctioning components, the shear pin of particular carriage will break and stop the head, whereas the other heads still run. Similarly the idle head can be restarted after repairing of the fault by replacing the shear pin and re-engaging the back shaft pinion with the short back shaft of the head. Long back shaft is connected with short back shaft only and it receives drive from the machine pulley through a chain of gears. Obviously at the pulley end of the machine, long back shaft has a gear fitted on it. Delivery roller Dl of existing machine shown in Figs. 12, 12A and 12B has ten bosses and is fitted on half gun metal bush. Delivery roller D of the delivery roller bearing system (Figs. 13, 13A) according to the present invention is made of steel. Fourteen steel and hardened bosses are fitted on the delivery roller D by means of steel keys. The delivery roller D is fitted with seven ball bearings and housings to achieve higher delivery speed, and consequent increased production. The delivery roller boss draws the sliver from the doubling plate D (Fig. 7) by the pressure of the pressing roller boss fitted against the delivery roller boss with a device for controlling pressure on the sliver during drawing. Faller bars F (Fig. 14) comprise a flat bar Fl with two flat ends F2 joined to its two ends. The flat ends F2 are made of alloy steel and are hardened. The central section Fl is soft leaded steel bar. Gill pins F3 made of steel are provided in the central section Fl in two staggered rows. The gill pins comprise groups of pins, each group having 6 to 8 pins. The groups of gill pins are arranged with a gap between adjacent groups. The number of faller bars depends on the number of heads. In the case of 2nd drawing, it is 28 or 29. The faller bars can be linearly moved by means of faller screws Sr, BSr (Fig. 1A) which are rotated by drive from the long back shaft to short back shafts. These faller bars have to be replaced as and when the pins get blunt, bent or broken. In the faller bar of the present invention (Fig. 15), there are 6 groups of gill pins. But there is no appreciable gap between adjacent groups. Such elimination of gaps enables to reduce the length of the faller bar and to introduce two more heads, so that there are 7 heads instead of 5 heads. In order to overcome any problem of the fiber over-running to the adjacent sliver, a gill sliver divider or separator GSd (Figs. 35, 36) is provided. This will be described later. Sliver cans at the delivery side [DSc in Fig. 26] of the machine are placed on a coiler plate or disk H (Fig. 16) which is rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately. By this, twisting of the sliver in the cans is avoided. The coiler plate is provided with a gear at its bottom side and is fitted on a stud fixed on a CI base plate (Figs. 18, 18A). In the existing machines, the coiler plate is suitable for sliver package size of 16" only. in the modified system since larger size cans of 18" diameter have to be accommodated in a smaller space, the coiler plate is modified as shown in Figs. 17, 17A, 19, 19A, 20, 20A, 21 and 21A. Coiler plate is a flat C.I. casting plate with raised C.I. rib around its periphery. There are threaded (tap) holes to fix studs which fit vertically on to a horizontally placed base plate H. Two studs around the periphery of the base plate are provided for fitting the two coiler plates H, while the other studs are for plate gears to connect drive to the coiler plates from the coiler motion shaft. H^ is an extension ring joined to existing coiler plate in order to increase the diameter for 18" can size. H3 is the gear teeth cut at the periphery at the back side of the coiler plate H; (Figs. 19, 19A). Each coiler plate is provided with two drives and the existing gears are changed by provision of additional gears. There is one base plate for each head, and each base plate has two coiler plates for carrying two sliver cans. The coiler plate is driven by mean% of a coiler motion shaft CS made of steel (Figs. 33, 34). The shaft is driven by a reversing motion wheel (MW) called mangle wheel at the main gable end GE of gable GB and drives the coiler plates by means of bevel gears fitted on the shaft CS and a plate pinion as can be seen from Figs. 33, 34 and 37. In the existing machine, the shaft is supported by bushes provided at the front side of the machine, outside the bottom front rail BFR. In the modified machine according to the present invention, the shaft CS is located inside the machine at the back of bottom front rail BFR, and is supported by bearing brackets CSB. These brackets are provided with ball bearings so that the coiler shaft CS can turn easily and they take any additional load of bigger sliver cans. The coiler motion shaft is driven by a mechanism to give a reciprocating motion to the shaft CS. While in the existing system, reversing wheel is directly connected to a gear fitted on the coiler shaft, in the modified system of the present invention a compound drive is used. It has a coiler shaft bearing housing hole at the gable and a chain drive. Carriage plates Cpp (Figs. 22, 22A, 23 and 23A) are CI stands for supporting various components such as retaining rollers, drawing rollers, long back shaft, short back shaft, doubling plate, delivery roller and the faller screws. In the existing machine, there are 6 carriage plates to give 5 carriages. According to the present invention, two more carriage plates are provided to allow increase in the number of deliveries from 10 to 14 in the case of 2nd Drawing. To keep the overall length unchanged, there is a change in end carriage plate. Also the coiler plate which is provided near the main gable has provision for access to the driving pulley stud nut. A pressing roller P (Figs. 24, 24A, 25, 25A) is mounted on the drawing roller by means of suitable holder. This is an CI hollow roller (PR) covered with rubber R and is provided with a steel axle and bearings. The pressing roller P sits on the front/drawing roller (A/Al in Figs. 2 and 3). This roller is provided with a spring hook tensioning arrangement at each end of the axle. The sliver which passes over the drawing roller and under the pressing roller is pressed hard by this tensioning arrangement. The pressing roller is driven by the friction between the drawing roller and the pressing roller. The pressure of the pressing roller can be adjusted by means of the adjustable spring hook arrangement on its axle. The action of the pressing roller enables the sliver to be drawn by the front/drawing roller. In the known machines, the pressing rollers are sectional, i.e., there are six pressing rollers (two per assembly) and three adjustable spring hook tensioning arrangements. In contrast, in the machine of the present invention, there are seven pressing rollers to accommodate seven heads. The rear back roller drive Br (Fig. 1) in the existing machines is from the main gable side end through an inter- gear fitted between the carriage plate and the main gable. The gap between the carriage plate and the main gable is about 10". The rear retaining roller drive is accommodated in this gap. In the machine according to this invention, since additional heads are provided, they take up this gap. So, there is no space for fitting the drive gears and bracket. Therefore, the drive in the machine according to this invention is shifted to the other end of the machine. From Figs. 30 and 30A, it can be seen that sliver cylinder Sc (Fig. l) is connected to stud ST by means of a chain wheel CW1.. The stud ST is provided on a back-up right bracket. The stud ST is also connected to a chain wheel compound on a bracket BT mounted on main gable MG. Front and rear retaining rollers Bf and Br are mounted on the main gable. The front retaining roller Bf is connected to the chain wheel compound by means of a chain wheel CW2. For extracting small jute fibres from the sliver during its passage through the faller bar gills, the present invention provides a short fiber extraction system as shown in Figs. 29, 29A and 29B. This system comprises an air suction device under each head. A high power impeller I, located at the centre of the machine at its bottom, sucks the air from each head. Ducting and collecting chutes or hoppers CH are provided under each carriage or head. All the seven heads are connected by a common duct DT connected to the impeller suction mouth. A regulator is provided to ensure uniform suction at all the heads. This system reduces the clogging of fibres and dust with lubrication oil which overflows when manually applied. Also, it reduces maintenance problems and helps in achieving higher speed of the carriage or head. An electronic stop motion system is also provided as can be seen from Fig. 26. It is an infra-red sensing device Sm having an emitter and a reflector provided on the creel Fc and sliver cylinder Sc. Whenever any sliver from any can FSC at the feed side of the machine is broken or the can is empty, the sliver end will fall and cut the infra-red light line. This affects the reflector to stop the main motor. By this, the machine of the particular carriage/head will not run with a missing sliver. In the prior art, there was no electronic monitoring system and there was only a mechanical system which is not so sensitive and goes out of order very often. Also the electronic system of the present invention can be provided on 2 or 3 places on the creel, when the creel is bigger or longer, whereas in the prior art machines, the mechanical system can be located only at the long back shaft position. The drive in the existing system comprises a driving pulley Dpi (Fig. 27) . It has a CI socket in which the driving pulley and speed pinions are mounted to rotate around a driving pulley stud. In the machine according to this invention, the pulley (Figs. 28, 39) is provided with two ball bearings which are spaced apart by means of a spacer fitted onto the socket outer ring or bearing and on the socket driving pulley. The speed pinions are fitted on either side. The whole assembly rotates around the driving pulley stud since the inner ring of the bearing is tightly fitted on the stud. The driving pulley is a five-grooved "A" section 'V pulley getting drive from a 5 HP motor and is responsible for giving drive by means of train of gears to the various shafts, rollers, etc. This is shown in Fig. No. 37. The creel consists of two or three rows of light aluminium roller sets at the back of the machine and is responsible for lifting the feed materials (jute sliver) from cans coming from preceding machine. Each set has five aluminium rollers approximately of the same width as each carriage. This creel, as already mentioned, lifts the feed slivers and conveys them to the Back or Retaining Roller, as shown in Fig. No. 38. There being no room to retain the existing drive to the creel from the retaining/back roller the drive to the creel is changed in the modified system. As shown in Fig. 17 this consists of new CI bracket, Steel Stud, Intermediate Wheel, Double Carrier Chain Wheel and Duplex Sprocket and Chain. Gill sliver separators GSd (Figs. 35 and 36) are provided for dividing adjacent slivers S, so that fibres from one sliver do not flow to the other. Otherwise, there will be irregularity in the slivers. The separator is made of brass sheet and has a length approximately same as the length of the faller screws. These separators are hinged near the retaining roller side and rest on levers and holding pins on the rubber pressing roller side, so that when required, a separator can be lifted to allow picking, cleaning, replacement and repair of the faller bar. These separators are adapted to go between adjacent slivers in the gill of the faller bar in each carriage. These are brass plates GSD which go in between two adjacent slivers in the gill of the faller bar in each carriage. This is provided to ensure that due to very close proximity in the modified system one sliver does not run over to the other sliver. This sliver separator also helps in improving the sliver regularity by controlling selvedge. Revolving Rubber Rollers are made of steel tube and are provided with flange and arbor at both ends. A flannel sleeve goes over the steel roller and is secured by end caps. These rollers are tensioned to 'press hard on the back side of the drawing/front roller, the purpose being to prevent fiber lapping on the drawing roller. The drawing roller moves anti-clockwise (looking from the front/delivery side of the machine) whereas revolving rubber roller rotates in the opposite direction. There is a drive at one end of each rubber roller and the rubber roller, the drive and the tensioning lever constitute the assembly. There are two coiled tension springs on the lever at each end of the roller to impart pressure on the drawing/front roller. In the modified system the roller has been shortened and the drive has been shifted to accommodate the assembly in a shorter space allowing rubber pressing roller spring wire to pass. These modification yield the following results: (a) Increased production: 75-80% more production per machine per day (b) Increased package: 25% more sliver in the cans at delivery (c) Short fibre extraction (d) Improved stop motions (e) Less handling. The above will result in further advantages as under: (a) Number of 2nd Drawing machines required will be reduced by 75-80%. Suppose a mill has presently 16 nos. 2nd Drawing frames in their 3-drawing system of traditional Hessian & sacking products and is planning to buy 5 Nos. new 2nd Drawings for a proposed 4-drawing system for their export yarn business. By incorporating the modification kits they will require only 9 machines for their ordinary product (3-drawing system) and the surplus 2nd Drawings can be used for the 4-drawing system of export yarn processing. If there is still surplus 2nd Drawings the same can be used in the Skg. Weft processing line improvement and consistency in the Skg Weft performance. Obviously, the extra labour cost for operating 4-drawing system is avoided. The vexing problem of accommodating extra 2nd Drawings of 4-drawing operation is also avoided. Extra power cost is avoided. Bigger package/large diameter. Cans contain longer length of sliver which results in the following indirect but valuable advantages: Less splicing i.e. less irregularity Less stoppage of the machine i.e. less down time and more efficiency/production of the 3rd drawing Less handling Less wastage. I CLAIM: 1. A drawing frame, particularly suitable for processing jute fiber of standard light count, said frame comprising: at least 7 heads or carriages; a back conductor (Bk) under which a sliver (S) passes between a rear and a front back rollers (Br, Bf); a plurality of falter bars (F) each having a top faller screw (Sr) and a bottom faller screw (Bsr), each said faller bar being provided with gill pins (F3) in groups, said sliver passing through said gill pins to the nip between a drawing roller (Al) and a rubber pressing roller (P); a gill sliver separator or divider (GSd) hinged near the back or retaining roller side and resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing roller side, for dividing adjacent slivers to prevent flowing of fibres from one sliver to another sliver, said separator being liftable to permit cleaning, picking and repairing when needed; a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller (I) connected to each head through a ducting and collecting chute (CH), said collecting chutes being connected through a common ducting to the mouth of the impeller; an electronic stop motion system (Sm) comprising an infra-red sensing device provided with an emitter and a reflector mounted on a creel (Fc) and a sliver cylinder (Sc); and a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing roller and rubber pressing roller. A drawing frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drawing rollers are preferably mounted on ball bearings in housings. A drawing frame as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a jockey roller (J) is provided between the rear and front back rollers (Br, Bf), the sliver from the rear back roller being passed over the jockey roller under the front back roller. A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein a doubling plate is provided for doubling slivers drawn by the drawing roller, said plate having six slots (D2, D2), all inclined in the same direction for lacing 3 slivers one above the other. A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein a long back shaft is provided for driving seven short back shafts, said short back shafts being drivably connected to said faller bars through spur and bevel gear arrangements, and said long back shaft being mounted on bearings in bearing housings and receiving drive from a machine pulley through a chain of gears. A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, wherein each said faller bar (F) is provided with 6 groups of gills in two staggered rows, with no appreciable gap between adjacent groups of gills. A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, wherein said sliver can packing system comprises a plate or disk driven by a shaft supported by bearing brackets fitted on the bottom front rail (BFr), said plate or disk being rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately, said plate supporting sliver cans at the delivery side of the frame, and a gear being mounted at the bottom side of said plate and fitted on a coiler base plate. A drawing frame as claimed in claim 7, wherein a coiler motion shaft is mounted on bearing brackets to project towards back/feed side of the machine from the back of the bottom front rail and is driven by a reversing motion wheel (MW) at the main gable end (GE) of the drawing frame provided inside the drawing frame at the back of said bottom front rail, said shaft being drivably connected to said coiler base plates by a bevel gear fitted on the shaft. A drawing frame as claimed in claim 7, wherein an aluminium presser (Ap) is provided at one end of a can packer ratchet rod (Rd) for packing slivers in the sliver can (DSc), said ratchet rod (Rd) being fitted on a support bracket (Sb) fitted on a slide rod (Sid) movable up and down by the action of a can packer lever (Cpl). A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the back rollers, drawing rollers, back shaft, short back shaft, doubling late, delivery roller and faller screws are supported on carriage plates (Cpl), there being 14 carriage plates and an additional carriage plate at the main gable. 11. A drawing frame particularly suitable for processing jute fiber of standard light count substantially as herein described, particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings. A drawing frame suitable for processing jute fiber comprises : at least 7 heads or carriages; a back conductor under which a sliver (S) passes between a rear and a front back rollers (Br, Bf); falter bars (F), each having a top feller screw, a bottom feller screw, and gill pins in groups, the sliver passing through the gill pins to the nip between a drawing roller (Al) and a rubber pressing roller (P); a liftable gill sliver separator or divider hinged near the back or retaining roller side and resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing roller side; a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller (1) connected to each head through a ducting and collecting chute, the chutes being connected through a common ducting to the mouth of the impeller; an electronic stop motion system (Sm) comprising an infra-red sensing device mounted on a creel and a sliver cylinder (Sc); and a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing roller and rubber pressing roller.

Full Text

This invention relates to a drawing frame and particularly to a screw gill
drawing frame. This is especially useful for processing jute for standard light
count yarn.
A drawing line comprises of 3 drawing machines, namely, 1st Drawing
Frame, 2nd Drawing Frame and 3rd Drawing Frame, also called as Finisher
Drawing Frame. The purpose of these drawing frames is to make the fiber of
jute sliver parallel and to draw the sliver thinner. In the 1st drawing frame, some
amount of parallelisation takes place, and also the sliver drawn will have a
reduced weight. 1st drawing has 2:1 doubling, i.e., two slivers are mixed for
doubling up. By this, the thick part of one sliver is neutralized by a thin part of the
other sliver. This resultant sliver, with a 3:1 or 4.1 doubling, is fed to the 2nd
drawing frame. In the 2nd drawing frame, the sliver undergoes further
parallelisation, reduction in weight and also improvement in the sliver regularities.
The sliver from the 2nd drawing frame is then fed to the 3rd drawing frame or
finisher drawing frame for reduction in the weight of the sliver and for further
improvement in parallelisation and regularities. The present invention is
concerned with improvements in the 2nd drawing frame.
In the traditional system, only one 2nd drawing frame is used. In order to
improve the number of doublings, parallelisation of fibres, C.V% (coefficient of
variation of sliver mass) etc, another 2nd drawing frame is also used. The extra
processing, i.e., 4-passage drawing (instead of traditional 3 passage drawing)
has the following problems:

(a) Needs more 2nd drawing frames;
(b) Resultant increase in investment costs;
(c) Need for more floor space with resultant cost increase;
(d) Extra labour;
(e) Increased electric power costs;
(f) Extra store cost;
(g) Extra maintenance cost;
The object of the present invention is to provide a drawing frame of higher
speed and bigger package, having 7 heads or carriages, instead of 5 heads or
carriages, by introducing additional heads or carriages in the place of 5 heads or
carriages of prior art machine with modification of other parts without changing
the length of the prior art machine.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a drawing frame, particularly
suitable for processing jute fiber of standard light count, said frame comprising,
at least 7 heads or carriages;
a back conductor under which a sliver passes between a rear and a front back
rollers;
a plurality of failer bars each having a top faller screw and a bottom faller screw,
each said faller bar being provided with gill pins in groups, said sliver passing
through said gill pins to the nip between a drawing roller and a rubber pressing
roller;
a gill sliver separator or divider hinged near the back or retaining roller side and
resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing roller side, for dividing

adjacent slivers to prevent flowing of fibres from one sliver to another sliver, said
separator being liftable to permit cleaning, picking and repairing when needed;
a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller connected to each head
through a ducting and a collecting chute, said collecting chutes being connected
through a common ducting to the mouth of the impeller;
an electronic stop motion system comprising an infra-red sensing device
provided with an emitter and a reflector mounted on a creel and a sliver cylinder;
and
a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing roller and rubber
pressing roller.
The drawing rollers are preferably mounted on ball bearings in housings.
A jockey roller may be provided between the rear and front back rollers, the
sliver from the rear back roller being passed over the jockey roller under the front
back roller.
A doubling plate can be provided for doubling slivers drawn by the drawing
roller, said plate having six slots, all inclined in the same direction for lacing 3
slivers one above the other to give 3.1 doubling or in different directions to allow
4 slivers one above the other to be laced together to give 4:1 lacing.
A long back shaft may be provided for driving seven short back shafts,said
short back shafts being drivably connected to said faller bars through spur and
bevel gear arrangements, and said long back shafts being mounted on bearings
in bearing housings.

The faller bar is preferably provided with 6 groups of gills in two staggered
rows, with no appreciable gap between adjacent groups of gills.
The sliver can packing system may comprise a plate or disk driven by a
shaft supported by bearing brackets fitted on the bottom front rail, said plate or
disk being rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately, said plate
supporting sliver cans at the delivery side of the frame, and a gear being
mounted at the bottom side of said plate and fitted on a coiler base plate
rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately, said, plate supporting sliver
cans at the delivery side of the frame, a gear mounted at the bottom side of said
plate and fitted on a coiler base plate. In this arrangement, the plates can
support fourteen numbers of 18" diameter sliver in the place of ten number of 16"
diameter sliver cans of the prior art machine.
A coiler motion shaft is mounted on bearing brackets to project towards
back/feed side of the machine from the back of the bottom front rail and is driven
by a reversing motion wheel at the main gable end of the drawing frame
provided inside the drawing frame at the back of bottom front rail, said shaft
being drivably connected to said coiler plates by a bevel gear fitted on the shaft.
The back rollers, drawing rollers, back shaft, short back shaft, doubling
late, delivery roller and faller screws are supported on carriage plates, there
being 14 carriage plates and an additional carriage plate at the main gable.
The present invention provides a screw gill drawing frame which is
especially useful as a second drawing frame, although it can be used as a first
drawing frame also.

The invention will now be described with reference to preferred
embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein -
Fig. 1 shows a diagrammatic view of a drawing frame according to the
present invention;
Fig. 1A shows faller screw arrangement of the drawing frame of Fig. 1;
Fig. 1B shows faller screw arrangement of Fig. 1A in detail;
Fig. 1C shows the can packer ratchet rod used in the drawing frame of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 shows a drawing roller or front roller of a known
drawing frame;
Fig. 3 shows a drawing roller or front roller according to
the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows a rear back roller and a front back roller of
a prior art drawing frame;
Fig. 5 shows a rear back roller and a front back roller
according to the present invention-;
Figs. 6, 6A and 6B show front, plan and side views of the
doubling plate of a drawing frame known in the art;
Figs. 7, 7A and 7B respectively show front, plan and side
views of a doubling plate according to the present
invention;
Figs. 8 and 8A show front and side views of the long back
shaft bush system of a prior art drawing frame;
Figs. 9 and 9A show front and side views of a long back shaft
bush system according to the present invention;
Figs. 10 and 10A show front and side views of the long back
shaft fitting system of existing drawing frame;
Figs. 11 and 11A show front and side views of a long back
shaft fitting system according to the present
invention;
Figs. 12, 12A and 12B show views of the delivery roller bush
arrangement of a known drawing frame;
Figs. 13 and 13A show a delivery roller bearing arrangement
according to the present invention;
Fig. 14 shows faller bar of prior art drawing frame;

Fig. 15 shows a faller bar according to the present
invention;
Figs. 16 and 16A show the coiler base plate of a known
drawing frame;
Figs. 17 and 17A show a coiler base plate according to the
present invention;
Figs. 18 and 18A show the front and side views of the coiler
plate of prior art drawing frame;
Figs. 19 and 19A show the front and side views of a coiler
base plate according to the present invention;
Figs. 20 and 20A show the front and side views of the front
plate of the coiler base plate of Fig. 19;
Figs. 21 and 21A show the front and side views of the back
plate of the coiler base plate of Fig. 17;
Figs. 22 and 22A show the front and side views of the
carriage plate of a known drawing frame of Fig. 1;
Figs. 23 and 23A show the front and side views of a carriage
plate according to the present invention;
Figs. 24 and 24A show the front and side views of the rubber
pressing roller of prior art drawing frame;
Figs. 25 and 25A show part-sectional view and side view of a
rubber pressing roller according to the present
invention;
Fig. 2 6 shows the stop motion arrangement for the drawing
frame according to the present invention;
Fig. 27 shows driving pulley of a known drawing frame;

Fig. 28 shows a driving pulley according to the present
invention;
Figs. 29 and 29A show front view and plan view of modified
short fibre extraction system according to the
present invention;
Fig. 29B shows a detail of Fig. 27;
Figs. 30 and 30A show the front and plan views of a creel
drive according to the present invention;
Figs. 31 and 31A show the front and side views of a rubber
roller for the drawing frame of prior art;
Figs. 32 and 32A show the front and side views of a rubber
roller according to the present invention;
Figs. 33 and 34 show a modified coiler drive arrangement and
shaft bracket for the drawing frame of the present
invention;
Figs. 35 and 36 show a gill sliver separator for a drawing
frame according to the present invention.
Fig. 37 shows end view of a preferred can packer device/
assembly from the main gable gear side; and
Fig. 3 8 shows end view of the can packer device/assembly from
inside main gable.
The existing 2nd drawings frames have 5 heads, also
known as carriages. These heads/carriages are fitted on a
bearer beam Bbm (Fig. 38) so that they are equally spaced
apart. Each carriage plate Cpp is seated on the bearer beam
Bbm almost on the head of bearer Brr (Fig. 33). The frames
have 10 deliveries per frame, 2 deliveries per head, 6 or 8

slivers per head. All the rollers and shafts are mounted in gun metal bushes.
Delivery speed is about 25 to 30 yards per minute and delivery sliver weight is 4
to 4.5 lbs for 100 yards. Production rate per day of 23.5 hours is 5.5 to 6 m. tons
per drawing frame. The operating efficiency is 65 to 75%. It has mechanical stop
motion and is suitable for 3:1 doubling or 4:1 doubling.
In contrast the machine according to the present invention has 7 heads or
carriages per drawing frame, with 2 deliveries per head. So, there are 14
deliveries in each drawing frame. The number of slivers per head is 6 and there
is a 3:1 doubling or 8 for 4:1 doubling machine. The size of sliver cans at
delivery end is greater than that of sliver cans used in existing frames. Delivery
roller, drawing roller, long back shaft, coiler shaft and driving pulley are fitted with
ball/roller bearings. As a result, the delivery speed increases to 32 to 40 yards
per minute and the operating efficiency will be 70 to 80%. The delivery sliver
weight would be 4 to 4.5 lbs per 100 yards. The machine can process 9 to 10
tons per day of 23 5 hours.
The improved 2nd drawing frame of the present invention will now be
described in detail
From Figs. 1 to 1C, and 35 it can be seen that sliver S, stored in
cans C is drawn over a sliver cylinder Sc of a feed creel Fc, over a missing
sliver stop motion detector Sm, through back conductors Bk, then under a
back roller Br, over a jockey roller J, then again under a front back roller Bf.

The sliver then passes over gills G of faller bars F, under
an auto front conductor and then under a rubber pressing
roller P. The sliver is then passed through delivery roller
D and a delivery pressing roller Dp. The sliver is
thereafter crimped in a crimping box Cb and delivered to a
receiving sliver can through a delivery chute D suitably
located near the nip of the rollers D and Dp. The chute
allows the sliver to fall into a can C1 which collects the
emerging sliver sitting on a reciprocating turning disc Cp.
A can packing device/assembly is also provided.
Figs. 37 and 38 show a can packing device according to
one embodiment of the invention. It comprises of a can
packer can (Pcm), can packer lever (Pel), Slide rod (Sid),
Ratchet Rod (Rd), Aluminium presser (Ap), Support Arm (Sa),
Ratchet Pawl (P ) and Support Bracket (Sb). It makes high
density packing of the crimped sliver in the cam.
From Fig. 1C, it can be seen that the ratchet rod Rdx is
an MS round having teeth cut on one side. A long key way Kw
is provided along its length (Fig. 37). At the end of cam
packer ratchet rod Rd, there is an aluminium presser Ap which
presses the sliver in the sliver can DSc. The cam packer rod
is fitted on a cam packer ratchet rod support bracket Sb and
the support bracket fits on a slide rod Sid which is moved up
and down by a cam packer lever Cpl by the action of cam
packer cam Pcm.

The ratchet rod Rd is a CI part. This arm fits on the
top of slide rod S1d which moves up and down by means of a
cam movement. The Can Packer Ratchet Rod Support Arm Sa
holds the Ratchet Rod assembly, which is meant for packing
jute sliver into the sliver can. Since the modification
increases the diameter of the sliver can in order to increase
the sliver content of each can, the can coiler plates are
modified which shift the position of the can. So the Can
Packer Ratchet Rod Support Arm requires modification and has
been changed in the modified system to suit the new position
of the sliver cans at Front/Delivery side of the machine.
The faller bar F is moved forward by the rotation of
left hand and right hand top faller screws (Sr, BSr), and hit
by top cam Cm when it reaches the front end of top faller
screws Sr. The faller F then drops on a bottom faller slide
FS controller by front faller springs FFS and is then moved
backward by the bottom faller screws BSr rotating in the
opposite direction, until it reaches the rear end of the
bottom faller screws and is lifted by bottom cans BCm
controlled by a faller ruler FLr to top faller slides TFs.
The faller F is then moved forward again by the top faller
screws Sr. The top and bottom faller screws are connected by
spur gears Sg. The top faller screw Sr has a bevel gear V at
its end. This bevel gear V is driven by a bevel/bevel-
compound gear which in turn is driven by a pinion through a
shear pin arrangement on a long back shaft.

There are 30 cans for 3:1 doubling machine or 40 cans
for 4:1 doubling machine, with sliver at the feed end of the
drawing frame, i.e., 1 sliver per gill of faller bars. 3 (or
4) slivers from three (or four) adjacent gills are drawn
through the grooves or slots in the doubling plate to
delivery side, thereby effecting a 3:1 doubling or 4:1
doubling. When a can is full, it is removed manually.
The modification has been designed suCh that there is no
change in the operation of the drawing frame. The only extra
operation needed is placing and lifting of gill sliver
dividers as and when required for removing short fibres from
an extraction collection chamber.
The improvements made in different parts of the drawing
frame are hereinafter described with reference to Figs. 2 to
36.
The existing drawing roller A shown in Fig. 2 is made of
hardened steel. It is also called as front roller. It has
three sections joined together to form the roller. The
roller has a long journal resting on a half white metal bush.
The front/drawing roller Al according to the present
invention is shown in Fig. 2A. It is also made of hardened
steel. But it comprises 8 sections joined together by male
and female thread connections. The drawing roller is mounted
on ball bearings in a housing, so that it can work at a
higher speed than drawing roller A. Further each section is
of less length than the prior art drawing roller.

The front/drawing roller draws sliver through gill pins
of a faller bar (Fig. 15). The sliver passes over the
drawing roller and is pressed by a rubber pressing
roller (Figs. 25, 35) resting an the drawing roller Al. The
pressure of the pressing roller is controlled by spring load.
There are two retaining/back rollers Bl and B2 (Fig. 4)
in the known machine. One of these rollers is slightly
behind the other and both the front and rear retaining
rollers have slightly different diameter. According to the
present invention, the two retaining rollers Bf, Br (Fig. 5)
have slightly different diameters and are made of steel. But
each roller is made of 7 sections (B3', B4') as compared to 5
sections Bl', B2' of the retaining rollers of existing
machine. 7 sections are necessary for accommodating seven
heads. The retaining rollers are used for holding or
retaining the sliver at the feeding point in the machine
while the front/drawing roller pulls the sliver against pins
of the faller bar to draw a thinner sliver. The retaining
rollers Bf, Br rotate at a lower speed than the drawing
roller. The ratio of speed is preferably 1:5 to 1:6. This
enables to reduce the weight as well as thickness of the
sliver to the required level. The retaining roller holds the
sliver by means of a jockey roller J (Figs. 1, 35) so that
the drawing/front roller can draw the sliver properly.
Figs. 6, 6A and 6B show a doubling plate LI of an
existing machine. It is a cast iron +plate C having slots CI,
C2 inclined from left and right directions and a central

triangular slot; C3. The doubling plate L of the present
invention (Figs. 7, 7A, 7B) has long slots Dl, D2, all
inclined in the same direction, preferably at 45°. In these
Figs., 6 slots (3 of Dl and 3 of D2) are provided. 3 or 4
slivers drawn by the drawing roller are doubled up by these
slots and led to a single delivery point. The doubling plate
thus makes the three slivers to be laced one above the other,
so that thick and thin places of one sliver neutralize the
thin and thick places of the other two slivers. This
doubling plate is much shorter in length than the prior art
doubling plate of Fig. 6 and has long slots inclined in the
same direction.
The existing long back shaft bush system E is shown in
Figs. 8 and 8A, 10 and 10A. It has a plain steel shaft
supported in five gun metal bush supports. In the long back
shaft bearing system El according to the present invention
(Figs. 9 and 9A, 11 and 11A), the long back shaft is fitted
by means of a bearing in a bearing housing to achieve a
higher speed. It has seven bearing supports, and drives
seven short back shafts through gear and sheer pin
arrangements. The short back shafts drive the faller bars by
means of spur and bevel gear arrangements.
The Long Back Shaft provides drive to each head through
a shear pin gear drive system, so that if one head becomes
idle due to jamming of sliver or malfunctioning components,
the shear pin of particular carriage will break and stop the
head, whereas the other heads still run. Similarly the idle

head can be restarted after repairing of the fault by
replacing the shear pin and re-engaging the back shaft pinion
with the short back shaft of the head. Long back shaft is
connected with short back shaft only and it receives drive
from the machine pulley through a chain of gears. Obviously
at the pulley end of the machine, long back shaft has a gear
fitted on it.
Delivery roller Dl of existing machine shown in Figs.
12, 12A and 12B has ten bosses and is fitted on half gun
metal bush. Delivery roller D of the delivery roller bearing
system (Figs. 13, 13A) according to the present invention is
made of steel. Fourteen steel and hardened bosses are fitted
on the delivery roller D by means of steel keys. The
delivery roller D is fitted with seven ball bearings and
housings to achieve higher delivery speed, and consequent
increased production. The delivery roller boss draws the
sliver from the doubling plate D (Fig. 7) by the pressure of
the pressing roller boss fitted against the delivery roller
boss with a device for controlling pressure on the sliver
during drawing.
Faller bars F (Fig. 14) comprise a flat bar Fl with two
flat ends F2 joined to its two ends. The flat ends F2 are
made of alloy steel and are hardened. The central section Fl
is soft leaded steel bar. Gill pins F3 made of steel are
provided in the central section Fl in two staggered rows.
The gill pins comprise groups of pins, each group having 6 to
8 pins. The groups of gill pins are arranged with a gap

between adjacent groups. The number of faller bars depends
on the number of heads. In the case of 2nd drawing, it is 28
or 29. The faller bars can be linearly moved by means of
faller screws Sr, BSr (Fig. 1A) which are rotated by drive
from the long back shaft to short back shafts. These faller
bars have to be replaced as and when the pins get blunt, bent
or broken.
In the faller bar of the present invention (Fig. 15),
there are 6 groups of gill pins. But there is no appreciable
gap between adjacent groups. Such elimination of gaps
enables to reduce the length of the faller bar and to
introduce two more heads, so that there are 7 heads instead
of 5 heads. In order to overcome any problem of the fiber
over-running to the adjacent sliver, a gill sliver divider or
separator GSd (Figs. 35, 36) is provided. This will be
described later.
Sliver cans at the delivery side [DSc in Fig. 26] of the
machine are placed on a coiler plate or disk H (Fig. 16)
which is rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately.
By this, twisting of the sliver in the cans is avoided. The
coiler plate is provided with a gear at its bottom side and
is fitted on a stud fixed on a CI base plate (Figs. 18, 18A).
In the existing machines, the coiler plate is suitable for
sliver package size of 16" only. in the modified system
since larger size cans of 18" diameter have to be
accommodated in a smaller space, the coiler plate is modified
as shown in Figs. 17, 17A, 19, 19A, 20, 20A, 21 and 21A.

Coiler plate is a flat C.I. casting plate with raised
C.I. rib around its periphery. There are threaded (tap)
holes to fix studs which fit vertically on to a horizontally
placed base plate H. Two studs around the periphery of the
base plate are provided for fitting the two coiler plates H,
while the other studs are for plate gears to connect drive to
the coiler plates from the coiler motion shaft. H^ is an
extension ring joined to existing coiler plate in order to
increase the diameter for 18" can size. H3 is the gear teeth
cut at the periphery at the back side of the coiler plate H;
(Figs. 19, 19A).
Each coiler plate is provided with two drives and the
existing gears are changed by provision of additional gears.
There is one base plate for each head, and each base plate
has two coiler plates for carrying two sliver cans.
The coiler plate is driven by mean% of a coiler motion
shaft CS made of steel (Figs. 33, 34). The shaft is driven
by a reversing motion wheel (MW) called mangle wheel at the
main gable end GE of gable GB and drives the coiler plates by
means of bevel gears fitted on the shaft CS and a plate
pinion as can be seen from Figs. 33, 34 and 37. In the
existing machine, the shaft is supported by bushes provided
at the front side of the machine, outside the bottom front
rail BFR. In the modified machine according to the present
invention, the shaft CS is located inside the machine at the
back of bottom front rail BFR, and is supported by bearing
brackets CSB. These brackets are provided with ball bearings

so that the coiler shaft CS can turn easily and they take any
additional load of bigger sliver cans. The coiler motion
shaft is driven by a mechanism to give a reciprocating motion
to the shaft CS. While in the existing system, reversing
wheel is directly connected to a gear fitted on the coiler
shaft, in the modified system of the present invention a
compound drive is used. It has a coiler shaft bearing
housing hole at the gable and a chain drive.
Carriage plates Cpp (Figs. 22, 22A, 23 and 23A) are CI
stands for supporting various components such as retaining
rollers, drawing rollers, long back shaft, short back shaft,
doubling plate, delivery roller and the faller screws. In
the existing machine, there are 6 carriage plates to give 5
carriages. According to the present invention, two more
carriage plates are provided to allow increase in the number
of deliveries from 10 to 14 in the case of 2nd Drawing. To
keep the overall length unchanged, there is a change in end
carriage plate. Also the coiler plate which is provided near
the main gable has provision for access to the driving pulley
stud nut.
A pressing roller P (Figs. 24, 24A, 25, 25A) is mounted
on the drawing roller by means of suitable holder. This is
an CI hollow roller (PR) covered with rubber R and is
provided with a steel axle and bearings. The pressing roller
P sits on the front/drawing roller (A/Al in Figs. 2 and 3).
This roller is provided with a spring hook tensioning
arrangement at each end of the axle. The sliver which passes

over the drawing roller and under the pressing roller is
pressed hard by this tensioning arrangement. The pressing
roller is driven by the friction between the drawing roller
and the pressing roller. The pressure of the pressing roller
can be adjusted by means of the adjustable spring hook
arrangement on its axle. The action of the pressing roller
enables the sliver to be drawn by the front/drawing roller.
In the known machines, the pressing rollers are sectional,
i.e., there are six pressing rollers (two per assembly) and
three adjustable spring hook tensioning arrangements. In
contrast, in the machine of the present invention, there are
seven pressing rollers to accommodate seven heads.
The rear back roller drive Br (Fig. 1) in the existing
machines is from the main gable side end through an inter-
gear fitted between the carriage plate and the main gable.
The gap between the carriage plate and the main gable is
about 10". The rear retaining roller drive is accommodated
in this gap. In the machine according to this invention,
since additional heads are provided, they take up this gap.
So, there is no space for fitting the drive gears and
bracket. Therefore, the drive in the machine according to
this invention is shifted to the other end of the machine.
From Figs. 30 and 30A, it can be seen that sliver
cylinder Sc (Fig. l) is connected to stud ST by means of a
chain wheel CW1.. The stud ST is provided on a back-up right
bracket. The stud ST is also connected to a chain wheel
compound on a bracket BT mounted on main gable MG. Front and

rear retaining rollers Bf and Br are mounted on the main
gable. The front retaining roller Bf is connected to the
chain wheel compound by means of a chain wheel CW2.
For extracting small jute fibres from the sliver during
its passage through the faller bar gills, the present
invention provides a short fiber extraction system as shown
in Figs. 29, 29A and 29B. This system comprises an air
suction device under each head. A high power impeller I,
located at the centre of the machine at its bottom, sucks the
air from each head. Ducting and collecting chutes or hoppers
CH are provided under each carriage or head. All the seven
heads are connected by a common duct DT connected to the
impeller suction mouth. A regulator is provided to ensure
uniform suction at all the heads. This system reduces the
clogging of fibres and dust with lubrication oil which
overflows when manually applied. Also, it reduces
maintenance problems and helps in achieving higher speed of
the carriage or head.
An electronic stop motion system is also provided as can
be seen from Fig. 26. It is an infra-red sensing device Sm
having an emitter and a reflector provided on the creel Fc
and sliver cylinder Sc. Whenever any sliver from any can FSC
at the feed side of the machine is broken or the can is
empty, the sliver end will fall and cut the infra-red light
line. This affects the reflector to stop the main motor. By
this, the machine of the particular carriage/head will not
run with a missing sliver. In the prior art, there was no

electronic monitoring system and there was only a mechanical
system which is not so sensitive and goes out of order very
often. Also the electronic system of the present invention
can be provided on 2 or 3 places on the creel, when the creel
is bigger or longer, whereas in the prior art machines, the
mechanical system can be located only at the long back shaft
position.
The drive in the existing system comprises a driving
pulley Dpi (Fig. 27) . It has a CI socket in which the
driving pulley and speed pinions are mounted to rotate around
a driving pulley stud. In the machine according to this
invention, the pulley (Figs. 28, 39) is provided with two
ball bearings which are spaced apart by means of a spacer
fitted onto the socket outer ring or bearing and on the
socket driving pulley. The speed pinions are fitted on
either side. The whole assembly rotates around the driving
pulley stud since the inner ring of the bearing is tightly
fitted on the stud. The driving pulley is a five-grooved "A"
section 'V pulley getting drive from a 5 HP motor and is
responsible for giving drive by means of train of gears to
the various shafts, rollers, etc. This is shown in Fig. No.
37.
The creel consists of two or three rows of light
aluminium roller sets at the back of the machine and is
responsible for lifting the feed materials (jute sliver) from
cans coming from preceding machine. Each set has five
aluminium rollers approximately of the same width as each

carriage. This creel, as already mentioned, lifts the feed
slivers and conveys them to the Back or Retaining Roller, as
shown in Fig. No. 38.
There being no room to retain the existing drive to the
creel from the retaining/back roller the drive to the creel
is changed in the modified system. As shown in Fig. 17 this
consists of new CI bracket, Steel Stud, Intermediate Wheel,
Double Carrier Chain Wheel and Duplex Sprocket and Chain.
Gill sliver separators GSd (Figs. 35 and 36) are
provided for dividing adjacent slivers S, so that fibres from
one sliver do not flow to the other. Otherwise, there will
be irregularity in the slivers. The separator is made of
brass sheet and has a length approximately same as the length
of the faller screws. These separators are hinged near the
retaining roller side and rest on levers and holding pins on
the rubber pressing roller side, so that when required, a
separator can be lifted to allow picking, cleaning,
replacement and repair of the faller bar. These separators
are adapted to go between adjacent slivers in the gill of the
faller bar in each carriage. These are brass plates GSD
which go in between two adjacent slivers in the gill of the
faller bar in each carriage. This is provided to ensure that
due to very close proximity in the modified system one sliver
does not run over to the other sliver. This sliver separator
also helps in improving the sliver regularity by controlling
selvedge.

Revolving Rubber Rollers are made of steel tube and are
provided with flange and arbor at both ends. A flannel
sleeve goes over the steel roller and is secured by end caps.
These rollers are tensioned to 'press hard on the back side of
the drawing/front roller, the purpose being to prevent fiber
lapping on the drawing roller. The drawing roller moves
anti-clockwise (looking from the front/delivery side of the
machine) whereas revolving rubber roller rotates in the
opposite direction. There is a drive at one end of each
rubber roller and the rubber roller, the drive and the
tensioning lever constitute the assembly. There are two
coiled tension springs on the lever at each end of the roller
to impart pressure on the drawing/front roller. In the
modified system the roller has been shortened and the drive
has been shifted to accommodate the assembly in a shorter
space allowing rubber pressing roller spring wire to pass.
These modification yield the following results:
(a) Increased production: 75-80% more production per machine
per day
(b) Increased package: 25% more sliver in the cans at
delivery
(c) Short fibre extraction
(d) Improved stop motions
(e) Less handling.
The above will result in further advantages as under:
(a) Number of 2nd Drawing machines required will be reduced
by 75-80%. Suppose a mill has presently 16 nos. 2nd
Drawing frames in their 3-drawing system of traditional

Hessian & sacking products and is planning to buy 5 Nos.
new 2nd Drawings for a proposed 4-drawing system for
their export yarn business.
By incorporating the modification kits they will require
only 9 machines for their ordinary product (3-drawing
system) and the surplus 2nd Drawings can be used for the
4-drawing system of export yarn processing.
If there is still surplus 2nd Drawings the same can be
used in the Skg. Weft processing line improvement and
consistency in the Skg Weft performance.
Obviously, the extra labour cost for operating 4-drawing
system is avoided.
The vexing problem of accommodating extra 2nd Drawings
of 4-drawing operation is also avoided.
Extra power cost is avoided.
Bigger package/large diameter. Cans contain longer
length of sliver which results in the following indirect
but valuable advantages:
Less splicing i.e. less irregularity
Less stoppage of the machine i.e. less down time and
more efficiency/production of the 3rd drawing
Less handling
Less wastage.

I CLAIM:
1. A drawing frame, particularly suitable for processing jute fiber of
standard light count, said frame comprising:
at least 7 heads or carriages;
a back conductor (Bk) under which a sliver (S) passes between a rear and
a front back rollers (Br, Bf);
a plurality of falter bars (F) each having a top faller screw (Sr) and a
bottom faller screw (Bsr), each said faller bar being provided with gill pins
(F3) in groups, said sliver passing through said gill pins to the nip
between a drawing roller (Al) and a rubber pressing roller (P);
a gill sliver separator or divider (GSd) hinged near the back or retaining
roller side and resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing
roller side, for dividing adjacent slivers to prevent flowing of fibres from
one sliver to another sliver, said separator being liftable to permit cleaning,
picking and repairing when needed;
a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller (I) connected to
each head through a ducting and collecting chute (CH), said collecting
chutes being connected through a common ducting to the mouth of the
impeller;
an electronic stop motion system (Sm) comprising an infra-red sensing
device provided with an emitter and a reflector mounted on a creel (Fc)
and a sliver cylinder (Sc); and

a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing
roller and rubber pressing roller.
A drawing frame as claimed in claim 1, wherein the
drawing rollers are preferably mounted on ball bearings
in housings.
A drawing frame as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein
a jockey roller (J) is provided between the rear and
front back rollers (Br, Bf), the sliver from the rear
back roller being passed over the jockey roller under
the front back roller.
A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3,
wherein a doubling plate is provided for doubling
slivers drawn by the drawing roller, said plate having
six slots (D2, D2), all inclined in the same direction
for lacing 3 slivers one above the other.
A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4,
wherein a long back shaft is provided for driving seven
short back shafts, said short back shafts being drivably
connected to said faller bars through spur and bevel
gear arrangements, and said long back shaft being
mounted on bearings in bearing housings and receiving
drive from a machine pulley through a chain of gears.
A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5,
wherein each said faller bar (F) is provided with 6
groups of gills in two staggered rows, with no
appreciable gap between adjacent groups of gills.

A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, wherein said
sliver can packing system comprises a plate or disk driven by a shaft
supported by bearing brackets fitted on the bottom front rail (BFr), said
plate or disk being rotatable clockwise and anticlockwise alternately, said
plate supporting sliver cans at the delivery side of the frame, and a gear
being mounted at the bottom side of said plate and fitted on a coiler base
plate.
A drawing frame as claimed in claim 7, wherein a coiler motion
shaft is mounted on bearing brackets to project towards back/feed
side of the machine from the back of the bottom front rail and is driven
by a reversing motion wheel (MW) at the main gable end (GE) of the
drawing frame provided inside the drawing frame at the back of said
bottom front rail, said shaft being drivably connected to said coiler base
plates by a bevel gear fitted on the shaft.
A drawing frame as claimed in claim 7, wherein an aluminium
presser (Ap) is provided at one end of a can packer ratchet rod (Rd) for
packing slivers in the sliver can (DSc), said ratchet rod (Rd) being fitted
on a support bracket (Sb) fitted on a slide rod (Sid) movable up and down
by the action of a can packer lever (Cpl).
A drawing frame as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the
back rollers, drawing rollers, back shaft, short back shaft, doubling late,
delivery roller and faller screws are supported on carriage plates (Cpl),
there being 14 carriage plates and an additional carriage plate at the main
gable.

11. A drawing frame particularly suitable for
processing jute fiber of standard light count
substantially as herein described, particularly with
reference to the accompanying drawings.

A drawing frame suitable for processing jute fiber comprises :
at least 7 heads or carriages;
a back conductor under which a sliver (S) passes between a rear and a front
back rollers (Br, Bf);
falter bars (F), each having a top feller screw, a bottom feller screw, and gill pins
in groups, the sliver passing through the gill pins to the nip between a drawing
roller (Al) and a rubber pressing roller (P);
a liftable gill sliver separator or divider hinged near the back or retaining roller
side and resting on levers and a holding pin at the rubber pressing roller side;
a short fibre extraction system comprising an impeller (1) connected to each
head through a ducting and collecting chute, the chutes being connected through
a common ducting to the mouth of the impeller;
an electronic stop motion system (Sm) comprising an infra-red sensing device
mounted on a creel and a sliver cylinder (Sc); and
a sliver can packing system downstream of the drawing roller and rubber
pressing roller.

Documents:

764-cal-1999-granted-abstract.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-claims.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-correspondence.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-description (complete).pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-drawings.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-examination report.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-form 1.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-form 2.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-form 3.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-pa.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-reply to examination report.pdf

764-cal-1999-granted-specification.pdf

« Previous Patent

Next Patent »

Patent Number

226888

Indian Patent Application Number

764/CAL/1999

PG Journal Number

01/2009

Publication Date

02-Jan-2009

Grant Date

30-Dec-2008

Date of Filing

07-Sep-1999

Name of Patentee

MALLICK DILIP KUMAR

Applicant Address

EC-88, SECTOR-I, SALT LAKE, CALCUTTA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	MALLICK DILIP KUMAR	EC-88, SECTOR-I, SALT LAKE, CALCUTTA 700 064

PCT International Classification Number

D01H 5/02

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA