Title of Invention

PHTHALIMIDYL AZO DYES, PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF AND PROCESS OF DYING OR PRINTING WITH THE DYE

Abstract

The present invention relates to dyes of formula wherein R<SUB>1</SUB> is C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>12</SUB>alkyl or C<SUB>1</SUB>nH<SUB>2n</SUB>-(OCH<SUB>2</SUB>CH<SUB>2</SUB>)m-OR<SUB>3</SUB>, n being a number from 2 to 8, m being a number from 0 to 4 and R<SUB>3</SUB> being C<SUB>1</SUB>-C<SUB>12</SUB>alkyl, C<SUB>6</SUB>-C<SUB>24</SUB>aryl or C<SUB>6</SUB>-C<SUB>24</SUB> paralkyl, R<SUB></SUB> is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-ethoxyethyl, X is halogen and Y is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, and to the process for the preparation thereof and to the use thereof in dyeing or printing semi-synthetic and especially synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials, more especially textile materials.

Full Text

Phthalimidyl azo dves, processes for the preparation thereof and the use thereof The present invention relates to disperse dyes having an N-alkyl-phthalimide diazo component and a pyridone coupling component, to processes for the preparation of such dyes and to the use thereof in dyeing or printing semi-synthetic and especially synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials, more especially textile materials. Disperse azo dyes having an N-alkyl-phthalimide diazo component and a pyridone coupling component have been known for a long time and are used in dyeing hydrophobic fibre materials. It has, however, been found that the dyeings or prints obtained using the currently known dyes do not in all cases satisfy today's requirements, especially in respect of fastness to washing and fastness to perspiration. There is therefore a need for new dyes that especially have good washing fastness properties. It has now been found, surprisingly, that the dyes according to the invention meet the criteria given above to a considerable degree. The present invention accordingly relates to disperse dyes that yield dyeings having a high degree of fastness to washing and to perspiration and that, in addition, have good build-up characteristics both in the exhaust and thermosol processes and in textile printing. The dyes are also suitable for discharge printing. R2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-ethoxyethyl, X is halogen and Y is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine. C6-C24Aryl groups as R3 are, for example, phenyl, tolyl, mesityl, isityl, naphthyl and anthryl. Suitable C6-C24aralkyl groups are, for example, benzyl and 2-phenylethyl. Preference is given to dyes of formula (1) wherein R, is methyl, ethyl or n-butyl. R2 is preferably n-butyl. Halogen as X is fluorine, chlorine or, preferably, bromine. Y is preferably hydrogen. The present invention relates also to the process for the preparation of the dyes of formula (1), which comprises nitration of a phthalimide of formula wherein R2 is as defined hereinbefore, in the acid range, as described, for example, on page 459 in Organic Synthesis, Collective Volume 2, (a Revised Edition of Annual Volumes X-XIX), J.Wiley & Sons, followed by alkylation of the resulting nitro compound, for example in accordance with a method described in Journal of Organic Chemistry 32 (1967) on page 1923, paragraph 3, and, for example after a reductive treatment described in Bull. Soc. Chim. de France 1957 on page 569, conversion into an intermediate of formula wherein Ri is as defined hereinbefore. The halogenation is carried out, for example, by reacting the compound of formula (3) first with sodium acetate in acetic acid and then with bromine in the same medium to form the corresponding monobromo compound. The diazotisation is likewise carried out in a manner known perse, for example with sodium nitrite in an acidic, for example hydrochloric-acid-containing or sulfuric-acid-containing, aqueous medium. The diazotisation may, however, also be carried out using other diazotisation agents, e.g. using nitrosylsulfuric acid. In the diazotisation, an additional acid may be present in the reaction medium, e.g. phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, hydrochloric acid or mixtures of such acids, e.g. mixtures of propionic acid and acetic acid. The diazotisation is advantageously carried out at temperatures of from -10 to 30°C, e.g. from -10°C to room temperature. The coupling of the diazotised compound to the coupling component of formula (4) is likewise effected in known manner, for example in an acidic, aqueous or aqueous-organic medium, advantageously at temperatures of from -10 to 30°C, especially below 10°C. Examples of acids used are hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. The diazo components and the coupling components of formula (4) are known or can be prepared in a manner known perse. The present invention relates also to dye mixtures comprising at least two structurally different azo dyes of formula (1). The dye mixtures according to the invention comprising at least two structurally different azo dyes of formula (1) can be prepared, for example, by simply mixing the individual dyes. The amounts of the individual dyes in the dye mixtures according to the invention can vary within a wide range, for example from 95:5 to 5:95 parts by weight, especially from 70:30 to 30:70 parts by weight, more especially from 55:45 to 45:55 parts by weight, of the individual dyes in a dye mixture comprising two azo dyes according to the invention. The dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention may be used for dyeing or printing semi-synthetic and especially synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials, more especially textile materials. Textile materials composed of blend fabrics that comprise such semi-synthetic or synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials can also be dyed or printed using the dyes or dye mixtures according to the invention. Semi-synthetic fibre materials that come into consideration are, especially, cellulose 21/r acetate and cellulose triacetate. Synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials consist especially of linear, aromatic polyesters, for example those of terephthalic acid and glycols, especially ethylene glycol, or condensation products of terephthalic acid and 1,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane; of polycarbonates, e.g. those of a,a-dimethyl-4,4-dihydroxy-diphenylmethane and phosgene, and of fibres based on polyvinyl chloride or on poiyamide. The application of the dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention to the fibre materials is effected in accordance with known dyeing methods. For example, polyester fibre materials are dyed in the exhaust process from an aqueous dispersion in the presence of customary anionic or non-ionic dispersants and, optionally, customary swelling agents (carriers) at temperatures of from 80 to 140°C. Cellulose 21/2-acetate is dyed preferably at from 65 to 85°C and cellulose triacetate at temperatures of from 65 to 115°C. The dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention will not colour wool and cotton present at the same time in the dyebath or will colour such materials only slightly (very good reservation) so that they can also be used satisfactorily in the dyeing of polyester/wool and polyester/cellulosic fibre blend fabrics. The dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention are suitable for dyeing in accordance with the thermosol process, in the exhaust process and for printing processes. In such processes, the said fibre materials can be in a variety of processing forms, e.g. in the form of fibres, yarns or nonwoven, woven or knitted fabrics. It is advantageous to convert the dyes or dye mixtures according to the invention into a dye preparation prior to use. For this purpose, the dye is ground so that its particle size is on average from 0.1 to 10 microns. Grinding can be carried out in the presence of dispersants. For example, the dried dye is ground together with a dispersant or kneaded into a paste form together with a dispersant and then dried in vacuo or by atomisation. After adding water, the resulting preparations can be used to prepare printing pastes and dyebaths. For printing, the customary thickeners will be used, e.g. modified or unmodified natural products, for example alginates, British gum, gum arabic, crystal gum, locust bean flour, tragacanth, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, starch or synthetic products, for example poiyacryiamides, polyacrylic acid or copolymers thereof, or polyvinyl alcohols. The dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention impart to the said materials, especially to polyester materials, level colour shades having very good in-use fastness properties such as, especially, good fastness to light, fastness to heat setting, fastness to pleating, fastness to chlorine, and wet fastness, e.g. fastness to water, to perspiration and to washing; the finished dyeings are further characterised by very good fastness to rubbing. Special emphasis should be given to the good fastness properties of the dyeings obtained with respect to perspiration and, especially, to washing. The dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention can also be used satisfactorily in producing mixed shades together with other dyes. Furthermore, the dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention are also well suited to dyeing hydrophobic fibre materials from supercritical C02. The present invention relates to the above-mentioned use of the dyes and dye mixtures according to the invention as well as to a process for the dyeing or printing of semi-synthetic or synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials, especially textile materials, in which process a dye according to the invention is applied to the said materials or incorporated into them. The said hydrophobic fibre materials are preferably textile polyester materials. Further substrates that can be treated by the process according to the invention and preferred process conditions can be found hereinbefore in the more detailed description of the use of the dyes according to the invention. The invention relates also to hydrophobic fibre materials, preferably polyester textile materials, dyed or printed by the said process. The dyes according to the invention are, in addition, suitable for modern reproduction processes, e.g. thermotransfer printing. The Examples that follow serve to illustrate the invention. Parts therein are parts by weight and percentages are percentages by weight, unless otherwise indicated. Temperatures are given in degrees Celsius. The relationship between parts by weight and parts by volume is the same as between grams and cubic centimetres. I. Preparation Examples Example 1.1: A. Diazotisation 5 ml of 96 % sulfuric acid are transferred to a laboratory reaction apparatus. With stirring, 2.7 ml of ice-water are slowly added dropwise so that the internal temperature is 25-30°C. Then, over the course of 20 minutes, 3.0 g of 4-amino-5-bromo-N-butylphthaIimide are introduced. The resulting suspension is stirred for 10 minutes at an internal temperature of 25-30°C. Then, over the course of 15 minutes, 1.75 ml of 40 % nitrosylsulfuric acid are added dropwise at an internal temperature of 20-25°C and stirred for 2 hours at that temperature. B. Coupling A solution of 3 drops of Surfynol 104 E (2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol) in 150 mi of water is transferred to a laboratory reaction apparatus having a pH meter. With stirring, 1.8 g of 1-ethyl-3-cyano-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-2-pyridone are introduced. Then 3 ml of 10 % NaOH are added (pH = 10-12). The resulting solution is cooled to 10°C, and the solution of the diazonium salt is added dropwise over the course of about 30 minutes so that the internal temperature is 10-15°C, the pH being maintained at 2-3 by dropwise addition of 70 ml of 10 % NaOH. The resulting yellow suspension is stirred for 1 hour at 10-15°C. The solid is filtered off under suction, washed with deionised water and dried. 4.7 g (86 % of theory) of the compound of formula are obtained. Melting point: > 150°C Appearance: yellow-green Analogously to Example 1.1, the following dyes can be prepared, which are likewise suitable for dyeing semi-synthetic or synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials (Table 1): is ground in a sand mill, together with 17 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of a commercially available dispersant of the dinaphthylmethane disulfonate type, and converted into a 5 % aqueous dispersion. Using that formulation, a 1 % dyeing (based on the dye and the substrate) is produced on woven polyester fabric by the high-temperature exhaust process at 130°C and is cleared reductively. The violet dyeing obtained in that manner has very good in-use fastness properties, especially excellent fastness to washing. The same good fastness properties can be achieved when woven polyester fabric is dyed in the thermosol process (10 g/litre of dye, liquor pick-up 50 %, fixing temperature 210°C). What is claimed is: 1. A dye of formula wherein R, is C2-C22alkyl or -CnH2n(OCH2CH2)-OR3,, n being a number from 2 to 8, m being a number from 0 to 4 and R3 being C1-C12alkyl, C6-C24aryl or C6-C24aralkyl, R2 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-ethoxyethyl, X is halogen and Y is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine. 2. A dye of formula (1) according to claim 1, wherein R, is methyl, ethyl or n-butyl. 3. A dye of formula (1) according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein R2 is n-butyl. 4. A dye of formula (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein X is bromine. 5. A dye of formula (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein Y is hydrogen. 7. A process for the preparation of a dye of formula (1) according to claim 1, which comprises nitration of a phthalimide of formula wherein R2 is as defined in claim 1, in the acid range, followed by alkylation of the resulting nitro compound and, by means of a reductive treatment, conversion into an intermediate of formula wherein R, is as defined in claim 1. 8. A dye mixture comprising at least two structurally different dyes of formula (1) according to claim 1. 9. A process for dyeing or printing semi-synthetic or synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials, in which process a dye of formula (1) according to claim 1 or a dye mixture according to claim 8 is applied to the said materials or incorporated into them. 10. Use of a dye of formula (1) according to claim 1 in dyeing or printing semi-synthetic and especially synthetic hydrophobic fibre materials, more especially textile materials. 11. A semi-synthetic or especially synthetic hydrophobic fibre material, more especially a textile material, dyed or printed by the process according to claim 9.

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