Title of Invention	ABRASION-RESISTANT YARNS, FIBRES OR FILAMENTS
Abstract	The invention relates to wires, fibres and filaments having improved resistance to abrasion, which are suitable, for example, for the production of felts for papermaking machines. In particular, the invention relates to polyamide- or polyester-based wires, fibres and filaments

Full Text

ABRASION-RESISTANNT YARNS, FIBRES OR FILAMENTS The present invention relates to yarns, fibres or filani'l its which have an improved abrasion resistance and which can be used in particular for the preparation of feits for paper-making machines- It relates more particulalarly to yarns, fibres or filaments based on polyar .de or on polyester. Thee properties which spun articles have to exhibit diffe.i according to their use. Mention may be made, among these properties, for example, of mechanical stren: ,h, transparency, gloss, whiteness, ability to be dyed, shrinkage, water-retaining capacity, flame retard mcy, stability and longevity towards heat, and the 1 .Jce. One property which may be required, in partic ilar for applications in industrial fields or "techr .cal yarn" fields, is abrasion resistance. 1 >is is the case, for example, with felts, which are o mposite structures comprising a stack of woven layers (obtained from continuous monofilaments) and of nonwo-c >n layers (obtained from cut fibres) , the layers genera ,ly being assembled by needling* The increase in the ai :asion resistance generally makes it possible to increa ;e the lifetime of the articles manufactured from the y T .is is also the case, for example, with carpets, includ ng fitted carpets, ropes and belts, nets or fabric \ used in the field of silk screen printing or filtra ion. In this case, the mechanical stresses from rubbin i or abrasion on these articles are such that the proper .y of abrasion resistance directly characterizes their ifetime. \ known solution for improving the abrasion resi :i nee of spun articles is to increase the degree of r 1 inerization of the synthetic material from which thev ire manufactured. Thus it is that fibres rnanu u tured from thermoplastic resins with an incr n ingly high molecular mass are being developed. This L: crease in the molecular mass is reflected by an increk: e in the melt viscosity of the polymer. The spinn l g of fibres with a very high melt viscosity requi j r other known solution consists in spinning polymn in the melt viscosity is sought. This can be obtai) i by virtue of the use of polymers comprising star acromolecular chains. The polymers comprising such tar macromolecular chains are, for example, discl An >ther solution for improving the abrasion resista ice of the articles produced from fibres consist 5 in using articles exhibiting three-dimensional crimpinj, as disclosed in Patent CA 2 076 726. It is also known, to improve the abrasion resis nanom into parti provi artic resis compc matri of tv is tr one 5 one c hydrc hetei atoms aromc to 2C or a hydro<_ carbor> nee of spun articles, to introduce particles of ric size, such as silica or a itLontmorillonite, .he yarns- These articles are disclosed in lar in the document WO 01/02629. is an object of the present invention to another solution for the production of spun s with high abrasion resistance. . this end, the invention provides abrasion- nz yarns, fibres and filaments obtained from a .tion comprising a polymer matrix, the polymer consisting of a polycondensate composed of: ) to 100 mol% (limits included) of macromoiecular tains corresponding to the following formula (I): S3-{X-Rz-Y)a-X-A-Ri-A-X-(Y-R2-X)n-R3 (I) to 70 mcl% (limits included) of macromoiecular tains corresponding to the following formula R«-[Y-R2-X]P-R3 (ID i which: [-Y- is a radical resulting from the condensation reactive functional groups Fi and F2 such that - Fx is the precursor of the -X- radical and ?2 precursor of the -Y- radical, or vice versa, - the Fi functional groups cannot react with rther by condensation, - the F2 functional groups cannot react with >ther by condensation, A is a covalent bond or an aliphatic irbonaceous radical which can comprise itoms and which comprises from 1 to 20 carbon R2 is a branched or unbranched, aliphatic or Lc, hydrocarbonaceous radical comprising from 2 arbon atoms, R3 or R4 represents hydrogen, a hydroxyl radical drocarbonaceous radical, Ri is a linear or cyclic, aromatic or aliphatic, rbonaceous radical which comprises at least 2 atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, • n, m and p each represent a number between 50 and 5( , preferably between 100 and 400. \ 1 the known polycondensation functional groups can b used in the context of the invention for Fi and ^^ ; :cording to a specific embodiment of the inven' .on, the polymer matrix is a polyaroide Al compo id of: ) to 100 mol% (limits included) of macromoiecular isins corresponding to the following formula (I): *3- to 7 0 mol% (limits included) of macromoiecular lains corresponding to the following formula :i) = R4-[Y-R2-X]P-R3 (ID in wh :h: - Y J the "| radical when X represents the — C— R5 0 radic ., -Y ii the "*C radical when X represents the ""^ radic ., - A is a covalent bond or an aliphatic hydro irbonaceous radical which can comprise heter atoms and which comprises from 1 to 20 carbon atoms - R2 is a branched or unbranched, aliphatic or aroma Lc, hydrocarbonaceous radical comprising from 2 to 20 ;arbon atoms, - R3 : R4 represents hydrogen, a hydroxyl radical or a hydrc arbonaceous radical comprising a \C— II 0 or -^ — group, - R5 ^presents hydrogen or a hydrocarbonaceous radical compr sing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, - Ri s a linear or cyclic, aromatic or aliphatic, hydro irbonaceous radical which comprises at least 2 car >n atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, - n, and p each represent a number between 50 and 500, prefe ably between 100 and 4 00. Accor Lng to another specific embodiment of the invention, the Dlymer matrix of the invention consists of a polye; :er A2 composed of; 3 to 100 mol% (limits included) of macromolecular lains corresponding to the following formula (I): R5-(X-Rr- Y)n-X-A-RI-A-X»{Y-R2-X)ni»R3 (I) to 70 mol% (limits included) of macromolecular [I) : R4-[Y-R2-X]P-R3 (II) in wh: ;h: - Y i the -O— radical when X represents the n 0 ra dies , -Y is the i| radical when X represents the -o- 0 radica , -A is a covalent bond or an aliphatic hydroc rbonaceous radical which can comprise net ere toms and which comprises from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, - R2 s a branched or unbranched, aliphatic or aromat c, hydrocarbonaceous radical comprising from 2 to 20 arbon atoms, - R3 0 R4 represents hydrogen, a hydroxyl radical or a hydroc rbonaceous radical comprising a u'""""' or ~CK O group, ■ Ri i a linear or cyclic, aromatic or aliphatic, hydroc; rbonaceous radical which comprises at least 2 carb( t atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, - n, m and p each represent a number between 50 and 500, prefer* >iy between 100 and 400. T] > polymer matrix of the invention can also be a copolye teramide. A in par' .cular between 100 and 300. m, n and p can, for example, be between 120 and 240. It should be noted that the values of m and n can be equal. The values m, n and p can also be equal. Advantageously, R2 is a pentamethylene radical. Vhe polyamide Al or the polyester A2 of the invention advantageously comprises at least 45 moI%, preferably at least 60 mol%, more preferably still at least 80 mol% of macromolecular chains corresponding to the formula (I). "he polyamide Al or the polyester A2 of the invent ion advantageously exhibits a number-average molecular mass at least equal to 10 OCO g/mol, preferably at least equal to 20 000 g/mol, more preferably at least equal to 25 000 g/mol. The term "number-average molecular mass of the polyairide Al or of the polyester A2" is understood to mean the mimber-average molecular mass weighted by the molar fractions of the two types of macromolecular chains of the formulae (I) and (II). The yarns, fibres or filaments of the invention, comprising the polyamide Al and/or the polyester A2 in their polymer matrix, exhibit good abrasion resistance proper ties. They are in particular suitable for the manufacture of felts for paper-making machines. The use of the pclyamide Al or of the polyester A2 makes it possible to spin at a lower temperature and/or at a reduced pressure with respect to the conditions which would be necessary in the absence of the polyamide Al or of the polyes ;er A2. It is thus possible either to obtain yarns which exhibit better abrasion resistance or to obtain fibres with similar properties with a less restrictive process (in particular in operating temperature or in spinni lg pressure). Tie yarns, fibres and filaments according to the invent .on can comprise all the additives commonly used with , ;uch polymersr for example heat stabilizers, UV stabil^zers, catalysts, pigments and dyes, or antiba terial agents- According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the polyamide Al or the polyester A2 is obtained by copol]^merization from a mixture of monomers comprising: a) a difunctional compound, the reactive functional groups of which are chosen from amines, carboxylic acids, alcohols, and their derivatives, the reactive functional groups being identical, b) monomers of following general formulae (Ilia) and {Illb), in the case of the polyamide Al B X'-R'z-Y' (Ilia) or (Illb) h' ) monomers of following general formulae (Ilia') and (Illb'), in the case of the polyester A2 1 o 1 X'-R'2-Y' (Ula) or. (Illb) in whi h: • R'2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, all hatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic, hydro-car onaceous radical which comprises from 2 to 20 car on atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, • Y' s an amine radical when X' represents a carboxyl rad cal, or Y' is a carboxyl radical when X' rep esents an amine radical, in the case of the pol amide Al, • Y' is a hydroxyl radical when X' represents a car Dxyl radical, or Yr is a carboxyl radical when X' ^presents a hydroxyl radical, in the case of the pol sster A2. T = term "carboxylic acid" or "carboxyl radical" in th present invention is understood to mean carbox Lie acids and their derivatives, such as acid anhydr 3es, acid chlorides, esters, nitriles, and the like, 'he term "amine" is understood to mean amines and their derivatives. 1 e monomers of formula (Ilia) or (Illb) are prefei .bly the monomers of polyamides of the polyan de-6, polyamide-11 or polyamide-12 type, and the like, dention may be made, as examples of monomers of formu] (Ilia) or (Ilib) which may be suitable in che center . of the invention, of caprolactam, 6-amir icaproic acid, lauryllactam, and the like. A mixtu: : of different monomers may be involved. I ;ntion may be made, as examples of monomers of forum] i (IIIar) or (IIIbf) which may be suitable in the contej of the invention, of caprolactcne, 8-val€ olactone, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and the like. 1 te mixture of monomers can also comprise a monofi iCtional monomer used conventionally in the produc ion of polymers as chain-limiting agent. 1 .e mixture of monomers c^n also comprise catal^ ts. I tring the operation of mixing the monomers, the varioi : compounds of the mixture can be introduced in the d: / form, advantageously with a moisture level of less nan 0.2%, preferably of less than 0.1%, and a compoi id capable of catalysing the polycondensation of the pc .yamide or the polyester can be added, preferably in a :>ncentration by weight of between 0*001% and 1%. The m isture level can be measured according to the Karl l scher method. 1 i€se catalysts, preferably introduced in a concer .ration by weight of between 0.001% and 1%, can be ct sen from phosphorus-comprising compounds, for exampJ : phosphoric acid or tris(2,4-di(tert-butyl) -henyl) phosphite (sold by Ciba under the refers ice Irgafos 168) , pure or as a mixture with N/N-h« ;amethylenebis(3,5-di(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxyhydro-cinnan :mide) (sold by Ciba under the reference Irganc : 5 1171). 1 ivantageously, the compound a) represents between 0.05 i id 1 mol% with respect to the number of moles of monom^ -s of type b) or b' ), preferably between 0.1 and 0.5 m .%. i the case of the polyamide Al, the copol lerization of the monomers is carried out under conve ional polymerization conditions for polyamides obtai: d from lactams or from amino acids. the oase of the polyester A2, the copol; .erization of the monomers is carried out under convej ional polymerization conditions for polyesters obtai] d from lactones or from hydroxy acids, r. e polymerization can comprise a finishing stage in der to obtain the desired degree of polyim ization* I cording to another specific embodiment of the invent on, the polyamide Al or the polyester A2 is obtaii d by melt blending, for example using an extrus on device, a polyamide of the type of those obtair i by polymerization of lactams and/or. amino acids r a polyester of the type of those obtained by polyme Ization of lactones and/or hydroxy acids and a difunc Lonal compound, the reactive functional groups of wh: h are chosen from amines, alcohols, carboxylic acids nd their derivatives, the reactive functional groups Deing identical. The polyamide is, for example, polyami le-6, polyamide-11, polyamide-12, and the like. The p Th : difunctional compound is added directly to the polyami le or the polyester in a molten medium. Ad 'antageously, the difunctional compound represe ts between 0,05 and 2% by weight with respect to the eight of polyamide or of polyester, Du ing the operation of blending the polyester or the po yamide with the difunctional compound, the various compounds of the blend can be introduced in the dry for ., advantageously with a moisture level of less than 0, ',%, preferably of less than 0.1%, for example into ar extrusion device, and a compound capable of catalys. ng the polycondensation of the polyamide or of the >olyester can be added, preferably in a conce ;ration by weight of between 0.001% and 1%. This compo id can be chosen from phosphorus-comprising cornpo' ids, for example phosphoric acid or tris (2,4-di{te: -butyl)phenyl) phosphite (sold by Ciba under the refer* ce Irgafos 168) , pure or as a mixture with N,N-hwder or in the form concentrated in a polyamide matri> (master batch). The blending of the various compoL ds can be carried out in a single- or twin-screw extrus on device. T 5 difunctional compound of the invention is prefer sly represented by the formula (IV): X"-A-R!-A-X" (IV) i which X" represents an amine radical, a hydrox . radical or a carboxyl group or their deriva .vesr R: and A are as described above. M Tl difunctional compound can be a dicarboxylic acid. 1 :ntion may be made, as examples of diacids, of adipic icid, which is the preferred acid, decanedioic acid, ebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid or phthalic acids, uch as terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid. It can be a mixture comprising by-products resulting from t » manufacture of adipic acid, for example a mixture of adipic acid, of glutaric acid and of succini acid. Th difunctional compound can be a diamine. Mention may be made, as examples of diamines, of hexamet /lenediamine, methylpentamethylenediamine, 4,4'-di linodicyclohexylmethane, butanediamine or meta-xylylen Uamine. Th« difunctional compound can be a dialcohol. Mention may be made, as examples of dialcohols, of l, j-p ^panediol, 1,2-ethanediol, 1,4-butanedioi, 1,5-p itanediol, 1#6-hexanediol and polytetra-hydro Jiran. 1 :ie difunctional compound can be a mixture of a diami] s and of a dialcohol. : n the case of the polyamide Al, the reactive funct. Dr.al groups of the difunctional compound are gener. lly amines or carboxylic acids or derivatives, n the case of the polyester A2, the reactive funct onal groups of the difunctional compound are gener lly alcohols or carboxylic acids or derivatives. referably, the difunctional compound is chosen from adipic acid, decanedioic acid, sebacic acid, dodec nedioic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, hexamethylenediamine, methylpentamethyl- enedi mine, 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane, butan |c Lamine, meta-xylylenediamine, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-e :uiediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-h Janediol and polytetrahydrofuran. :wording to another specific embodiment of the inven i yaf the polyamide Al or the polyester A2 is obtai ■ i by melt blending, for example using an extn 3n device, a polyamide of the type of those obtai i by polymerization of lactams and/or amino acids r a polyester of the type of those obtained by polyn dization of lactones and/or hydroxy acids with a compc ii d of formula (V) G-R-G (V) .i which I is substituted or unsubstituted, linear or cyclj :, aromatic or aliphatic, hydrocarbonaceous radic L which can comprise heteroatoms, 7 is a functional group or a radical which can selet; :: vely react either with the amine reactive funct L nal groups or with alcohol reactive functional grouj 3 or with the carboxylic acid reactive functional grouj 5 of the polyamide or of the polyester, to form cova! s ; bonds. The polyamide is, for example, poly polyester is, for example, polycaprolactone or poly (j ivalolactone) . " he compound of formula (V) is added directly to the p iidvantageously, the compound of formula (V) represents between 0.05 and 2% by weight with respect to th^ weight of polyamide or cf polyester. during the operation of blending the polyester or the polyamide with the compound of formula (V) , the various compounds cf the blend can be introduced in the dry f^r-m, advantageously with a moisture level of less than 0.2%r preferably of less than 0.1%, for example into pn extrusion device, and a compound capable of catal ling the polycondensation of the polyamide or of the >olyester can be added, preferably in a concei^xa^xon by weight of between 0.001% and 1%. This compoi Ld can be chosen from phosphorus-comprising compoi Lds, for example phosphoric acid or tris(2,4-di(tej :-butyl)phenyl) phosphite (sold by Ciba under the refers, Lee Irgafos 168) , pure or as a mixture with N/N-he :amethylenebis(3,5-di(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxyhydro-cinnan unide) (sold by Ciba under the reference Irganc c B 1171). This compound can be added in the form cf a i Dwder or in the form concentrated in a polyamide matrix (master batch)- The blending of the various compouids can be carried out in a single- or twin-screw extrus ton device. ? ly coupling agent for polymer chains or extending agent for polymer chains known to a person skilled in the aj t, generally comprising two identical functional groups or two identical radicals and selectively react:ig either with the amine reactive functional groups or with the alcohol reactive functional groups or wi : i the case of the production of polyamide Al, the compo\ nd (V) can, for example, selectively react with the ai ine functional groups of the polyamide into which it is' introduced. This compound will not react with the acid .functional groups of the polyamide in this case. immedj latte: starti 1 Tl yarns, Ti (: 3 spun articles, yarns, fibres or filaments are ^j.w«uf A ^ww^rding to conventional spinning techniques start:, j from a composition comprising a polymer matrix compri Lng at least the polyamide Al or the polyester A2 de ribed above* The spinning can be carried out :eiy after the polymerization of the matrix, the :>eing in the molten form. It can be carried out 1 from a granule comprising the composition. t spun articles according to the invention can be suij ^cted to any treatment which can be carried cut in sta ss subsequent to the spinning stage. They can in partic .ar be drawn, texturized, crimped, heated, twiste dyed, sized, cut, and the like. These additi Lai operations can be carried out continuously and ca be incorporated after the spinning device or can b carried out batchwise. The list of the operat. >ns subsequent to the spinning has no limiting effect Tl in par making of the Tl : invention also relates to articles comprising ibres and/or filaments as described above. yarns, fibres or filaments according to the invent: -n can be used in the woven, knitted or nonwoven form. fibres according to the invention are suitable ,cular for the manufacture of felts for paper-.achines, in particular for the non-woven layers elts for paper-making machines. yarns, fibres or filaments according to the invent: n can also be used as yarns for fitted carpets. Tt y can also be used, in particular the monofi] ments, for the production of fabrics in the field c silk screen printing, for print transfers, or in the ield of filtration. Tl- yarns, fibres or filaments of the invention, and in articular the multistrands, can also be used in the mar facture of ropes, in particular climbing ropes, or of i Its, in particular conveyor belts. winally, the yarns of the invention can be used for • ie manufacture of nets, in particular fishing nets. ■ ;her derails or advantages of the invention will becom. mere clearly apparent in the light of the examp. is given below purely by way of indication. Chara • Coi ent of end groups r. e contents of acid [COOH] and amine [NH2] end groupj are quantitatively determined by potentiometry. • CaJ ulation of the molar levels of chains cox asponding to the formulae (I) and (XI) described abc B for the polymers of the invention I Examples 1 to 3 below, the polymers are compos J of a mixture of: - Linear chains corresponding to the formula (II) and cc prising 2 different ends per chain (COOK and NH2) - .inear chains corresponding to the formula (I) and cc prising 2 identical ends per chain (2 times COOH). I] this specific case, R3 is the hydroxyl radical and Rq is the hydrogen radical (as defined in the documei ) . Tl molar level of chains corresponding to the formulc (I) and (II) are estimated according to the followi g formulae: mc ar level (I) - ( [COOH]-[NH2] )/([COOH]+ [NH2] ) mc ar level (II) = 2*fNH2] /([CO0HJ + [NH2] ) • Calc Lation of the number-average molecular mass Th number-average molecular mass [Mn] is estimat i according to the following formulae: i the Comparative Examples A and the examples of the .nvention, which correspond to linear polymers (Lhe t« m "linear polymer" is understood to mean a polymer composed of macromolecular chains each comprising 2 ends), use is made of the conventional formuj i [Ma] = 2 x 1CT6/ ([NH2] + (COOH] ) ■i in Comparative Examples B, the polymer is a blend sf linear chains (2 ends per polymer chain) and of st I i all these formulae, the concentrations [COOH], [NH2] ind Co are expressed in pmol/g, the mass [Mn] being ixpressed in g/rool. • Sta dardization of the pressure drop in the pack (sp nneret head) I . the various examples described below, a pressu e drop (expressed in bars) is measured when passin through the pack (spinneret head) composed of filtra ion elements and of capillaries. However, depend ng on the nature of the polymer, it is necessary to ad ust the temperature of the pack and of the polyme . This has the effect of changing the value of the p. essure drop. It is well known that the melt viscos ty of the polymers, or in this case the pressure drop, aries with the temperature according to a law of Arrhen us type which makes it possible, for example, from :he experimental values (temperature Ti and pressu e drop APi), to estimate the value of the pressu e drop AP2 at any another temperature T2. Furthe more, this calculation can be extended to the cases v'here the two spinning conditions additionally corres ond to different flow rates (when the variation in a) solute value IAQ/QI is less than 50%), respec ively Qi and Q2: AP2 = Q2/Q1 * APi x Exp[E x (1/T2 - 1/Ti)/R] In thj 3 formula, Ti and T2 are expressed in degrees Kelvii E is the activation energy, expressed in J/mol, and R -s the perfect gas constant (R = 8-31 J/mol/K). In th 3 formula, the flow rate Q can be measured in a comply ;ely equivalent way at several levels. The simple >t is to measure the count (the unit being the dtex, equal to the mass in g of 10 000 m of multi: .lament). Under these conditions, Q is easily obtained by writi: \: Q - t*v/10 000 In th: ; formula, the flow rate Q is expressed in g/min, the c As aJ the tests were carried out with the same delive y rate, it is consequently sufficient to replac ■, in the preceding formula, the ratio of the flow i tes Q2/Q1 by the ratio of the counts t2/ti. In th • Abi sion resistance test The equipment used for the abrasion resistance test is represented diagrammatically in Figure 1. The ref rence 1 represents the yarn, the reference 2 a cei mic bar, the reference 3 a load of 3 g and the ref irence 4 water > 1 In thi-s test, already described in the literature (" ±>rasion Resistant PA Fiber" lecture, Man-Made Fi >er Congress, Dornbirn, Sept 2002}r a unitary fi .ament is subjected to a pretension of 3 g* The ya -n is immersed in a bath of water at 23°C. The fi .ament rubs against a ceramic bar with a diameter of ' TO mm, sold by Rothschild for the FFAB (Felt Fi Abrasion Tester) test, with surface ro nesses of Ra * 1.7 pm, Rz = 8.9 pm and Rm =11.3 pm. The bar is rotated at 300 re utions/minute with a contact angle of the yarn on e bar (tension rail) of 90°. E ore the test, the filament is first of all desize beforehand for 1 hour in a Soxhlet assembly in petrol m ether and is then conditioned in a water bath at 25° for 24 h. 1 total number of revolutions before failure of the fi ment is recorded. This number is divided by the unit c mt of the strand in order to dispense with the count : the strand, which can vary from one test to anothe 1 total, the experiment is repeated 30 times and the me of the results is taken. Examples : Coatparafcive Examples A * polvamide-6 Sy :hesis Po ^amides-6, referred to as Al, A2, A3, and A4, are 3 mthesized. They exhibit the following charact* ristics: [MM = 7 v 1Q^6/([NH2] + [C00H]) Spinning nese polyandries-6 are spun under the following cond: ions: - twin-screw extruder, - temperature adjusted in order to obtain a satisfactory spinnability, - spinneret with 10 holes, - air cooling, - delivery rate of 800 m/min, - overall count of the order of 200 to 240 dtex. Under these temperature and flow rate conditions, a pres sure drop is observed when passing through the pack (spinneret block comprising the filtration elemen s and the capillaries)- The crude values (tempe ature, count, pressure drop) and the restan ardized values, that is to say corrected to a consta: t temperature (250°C) and a constant flow rate (corre ponding to a count of 200 dtex for a delivery rate Drawing Th draw ratio is adjusted so as to obtain, after drawing, the desired level of elongation at break: approximately 80%. The yarn thus obtained is still composec: of 10 filaments. Synthesis 1 ne star polyamides Blf B2 and B3 ara obtained by copolinerization from caprolactam in the presence of appro Lmately 0. 5 mol% of 2, 2, 6, 6-tetra ((J-carboxy-ethyl) :yclohexanone according to a process disclosed in the d measurements carried out a posteriori or) the yarn *' [Mn] - 1 x 10t6/(([COOH]-[NH2])/4 + [NH2]) Spinning Tie yarn thus obtained is composed of 10 filaments, the overall count of which is of the order of 240 dtex. As above, these polymers are spun under temperature and flow rate conditions such that a good spinna'sility is obtained. Under these conditions, a pressure drop is observed and is restandardized to constant temperature and flow rate, as above. D awing T e draw ratio is adjusted so as to obtain, after drawin , the desired level of elongation at break. It is sti 1 composed of 10 filaments. Exampl s 1-3 according to the invention i jmthesis 1 Tese polymers are obtained by poiycondensation of capro]actam in the presence of adipic acid. They exhibit the following characteristics: meas irements carried out a posteriori on the yarn '* [Mn] - 2 x 10+€/([NH2] + [COOH]) Spinning 1 ie yarns thus obtained are still composed of 10 filame kts, the overall count of which is of the order of 20C dtex, f. above, these polymers are spun under temper ture and flow rate conditions such that a good spinna ility is obtained. Under these conditions, a pressi; a drop is observed and is restandardized at consts t temperature and flow rate, as above. E awing 1 e draw ratio is adjusted so as to obtain, after drawir r the desired level of elongation at break. It is st. .1 composed of 10 filaments- The unit count is 1 Exaaxp Q 4: Measurement of the abrasion resxstance The :haracteristics in terras of fluidity and of abras on resistance of Comparative Examples A, Comparative Examples B and the examples in accordance with the invention are presented in Table 1 below. Table 1 Figure I is a graph which represents, on the abscissa, the pi assure drop when passing through the pack (expre = >ed in bar) and, on the ordinate, the abrasion resist= ice (expressed in cycles/dtex). In this Figure \, the polymers A are represented by diamonds, the po ymers B are represented by squares and the polyme;: ; 2-3 are represented by triangles. It is apparent that, for the polymers tested, the abrasio i resistance is directly related to the pressure drop (: :self directly related to the molecular mass), In othn= * words, the improvement in this use property is only p With r= spect to the abrasion resistance/pressure drop correlc. ion of Comparative Examples A, it is apparent that Co iparative Examples B, obtained here by blending with :^tar polymers comprising 4 branches, are reflected by a deterioration in the compromise. Cn th * other handr the examples in accordance with the invenl ion are reflected by an improvement in the compromise, that is to say by the possibility of obtaij ing higher abrasion resistances for the same proce; sability. CLAIMS ]h Abrasion-resistant yarns, fibres and filame its obtained from a composition comprising a polyme - matrix, the polymer matrix consisting of a pclycc idensate composed of: 3 i to 100 mol% (limits included) of macromolecular c Lains corresponding to the following formula (I): (I) 0to70mol% (limits included) of macromolecular c tains corresponding to the following formula ( I): in whi :h: -X-Y- LS a radical resulting from the condensation of two re ctive functional groups Pi and F2 such that - Fi is the precursor of the -X- radical and F2 is the pr cursor of the -Y- radical, or vice versa, - the Fi functional groups cannot react with one anothe by condensation, - the F2 functional groups cannot react with one anothe by condensation, - A Ls a covalent bond or an aliphatic hydroc rbonaceous radical which can comprise hetero toms and which comprises from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, - R2 s a branched or unbranched, aliphatic or aromat c, hydrocarbonaceous radical comprising from 2 to 20 arbon atoms, - R3 o Rq represents hydrogen, a hydroxyl radical or a hydroc rbonaceous radical, - Ri is a linear or cyclic, aromatic or aliphatic, hydroc rbonaceous radical which comprises at least 2 carbon atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, - n, s and p each represent a number between 50 and 500. 2 Yarns, fibres and filaments according to Claim jl, characterized in that the polymer matrix consi, ts of.a polyamide Al composed of: 30 to 100 mol% (limits included) of raacromolecular chains corresponding to the following formula (I): 0 to 70 mol% (limits included) of macromolecular chains corresponding to the following formula (II): in vhi :h: - Y i; the radical ' when X represents the radica , ^Y is theradical when X represents the radica , - A is a covalent bond or an aliphatic hydroc rbonaceous radical which can comprise hetero toms and which comprises from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, - R2 s a branched or unbranched, aliphatic or aromat c, hydrocarbonaceous radical comprising from 2 to 20 arbon atoms, R or R4 represents hydrogen, a hydroxyl radical or a hydr carbonaceous radical comprising or group, - R5 r« presents hydrogen or a hydrocarbonaceous radical compri* Lng from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, - R2 i . a linear or cyclic, aromatic or aliphatic, hydrocc rbonaceous radical which comprises at least 2 carbc i atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, - n, m knd p each represent a number between 50 and 500. 3 Yarns, fibres and filaments according to Claim 1, characterized in that the polymer matrix consists of a pollvester h2 composed of: 30 to 100 moI% (limits included) of macronolecular chains corresponding to the following formula (I): > -; 0 to 70 mol% (limits included) of macromolecular chains corresponding to the ! following formula (II) : in which: - Y i> the -O- radical when X represents the radica L, -Y is the radical when X represents the -0- radica ., - A is a covalent bond or an aliphatic hydroc arbonaceous radical which can comprise hetero -ttoms and which comprises from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, - R2 is a branched or unbranched, aliphatic or aromat :.c, hydrocarbonaceous radical comprising from 2 to 20 ::arbon atoms, - R3 o:; R4 represents hydrogen, a hydroxy! radical or a hydroc.iirbonaceous radical comprising a or group, - Ri i.s a linear or cyclic, aromatic or aliphatic, hydrocc.rbonaceous radical which comprises at least 2 carbcn atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, - n, m and p each represent a number between 50 and 500. 4 Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that n, m and p are hstween 100 and 300. 5. Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the polyamide Al or th€ polyester A2 comprises at least 45 mol%, prefers Dly at least 60 mol%, of macromolecular chains corresponding to the formula (I). P. Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the polyamide Al 03 the polyester A2 exhibits a number-average molecilar mass at least equal to 25 000 g/mol. " . Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of th c. Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of CIcims 2 to 7, characterized in that the polyamide Al or the polyester A2 is obtained by copolymerization from a mixture of monomers comprising: a) a difunctional compound, the reactive functional groups of which are chosen from amines, carboxylic acids, alcohols, and their derivatives, the reactive functional groups being identical, t) monomers of following general formulae (Ilia) and 'Illb), in the case of the polyamide Al 11 ; monomers of following general formulae (IIIaf) and (1 lb')r in the case of the polyester A2 in whid h: • R'2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, ali i hatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic, hydro-caitonaceous radical which comprises from 2 to 20 cail on atoms and which can comprise heteroatoms, • Y' : s an amine radical when X' represents a carboxyl rac:cal, or Y' is a carboxyl radical "when X' represents an amine radical, in the case of the po. ^amide Al, • Y' is a hydroxyl radical when X' represents a ca. Doxyl radical, cr Y' is a carboxyl radical when X' represents a hydroxyl radical, in the case of the po. jester A2. 5 Yarns, fibres and filaments according to Claim 8, characterized in that the compound a) reprei tnts between 0.05 and 1 mol% with respect to the number of moles of monomers of type b) or b' ) . 1 . Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of Cli .ms 2 to 7, characterized in that the polyamide Al or :he polyester A2 is obtained by melt blending a polyan de of the type of those obtained by polyme ization of lactams and/or amino acids or a polyes er of the type of those obtained by polyme ization of lactones and/or hydroxy acids with a difunc ional compound, the reactive functional groups of wh: :h are chosen from amines, alcohols, carboxylic acids snd their derivatives, the reactive functional groups being identical, 1 . Yarns, fibres and filaments according to Claim 0, characterized in that the difunctional compou d represents between 0.05 and 2% by weight with respec to the weight of polyamide or of polyester. 1 . Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of C] ims 8 to 11, characterized in that the difunc ional compound is represented by the formula (IV) : in whi :h X" represents an amine radical, a hydroxyl radica , a carboxyl group or their derivatives. 1 . Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one oi Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the ctifur ctional compound is chosen from adipic acid, decar sdioic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acidr rerep ithalic acid, isophthalic acid, hexamethylene-diami ie, methylpentamethylenediamine, Ar4'-diamino-dicyc Lohexylmethane, butanediamine, metaxylylene-diamiie, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-ethanediol, I,4-b itanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanedicl and poiyt ttrahydrofuran. 4. Yarns, fibres and filaments according to one of Cl urns 2 to 7, characterized in that the polyamide Al or the polyester A2 is obtained by melt blending a polyai ide of the type of those obtained by polyirw rization of lactams and/or amino acids or a polyes ter of the type of those obtained by polyms rization of lactones and/or hydroxy acids with a compoi id of formula (V) in ^hich • Ris substituted or unsubstituted, linear or cyclic, aro latic or aliphatic, hydrocarbonaceous radical whi :h can comprise heteroatoms, • G : s a functional group or a radical which can sel ctively react either with the amine reactive fun^ tional groups or with alcohol reactive funi tional groups or with the carboxylic acid reat tive functional groups of the polyamide or of the polyester, to form covalent bonds, i;L Yarns, fibres and filaments according to Claim ] 3, characterized in that the compound of formula (V) re >resents between 0.05 and 2% by weight with respect to the weight of polyamide or of polyester♦ 16 Article comprising yarns, fibres and/or filamen 3 according to one of Claims 1 to 15. 17 Article according to Claim 16, characterized in thfat it is a felt for a paper-making machine. 8. Article according to Claim 16, characterized in th t it is a carpet, including a fitted carpet. 3, Article according to Claim 16, characterized in th. : it is a rope or a belt. . ). Article according to Claim 16, characterized in tl it it is a fabric for print transfer or for filtri :ion. : .. Article according to Claim 16, 'characterized in th; ; it is a net.

Documents:

0300-chenp-2006-abstract.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-claims.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-correspondnece-others.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-correspondnece-po.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-description(complete).pdf

0300-chenp-2006-drawings.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-form 1.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-form 18.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-form 3.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-form 5.pdf

0300-chenp-2006-pct.pdf

300-CHENP-2006 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS.pdf

300-CHENP-2006 CORRESPONDENCE PO.pdf

300-CHENP-2006 FORM 1.pdf

300-CHENP-2006 FORM 3.pdf

300-CHENP-2006 PETITIONS.pdf

300-CHENP-2006 POWER OF ATTORNEY.pdf