Title of Invention

2-ALKYNYL-AND-2-ALKENYL-PYRAZOLO-[4,3-e]-1,2,4-TRIAZOLO-[1,5-c]-PYRIMIDINE ADENOSINE A2A RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS

Abstract

Compounds having the structural formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R is R<1>, R<2>, R<3>, R<4> and R<5> are H, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl; R<6> is H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or -CH2F; R<7>, R<8> and R<9> are H, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkoxyalkyl, halo or -CF3; and Z is optionally substituted aryl, heteroaryl or heteroaryl-alkyl are disclosed. Also disclosed is the use of compounds of formula I in the treatment of central nervous system diseases, in particular Parkinson's disease, alone or in combination with other agents for treating Parkinson's disease, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.

Full Text

2-ALKYNYL- AND 2-ALKENYL-PYRAZOL044,3reVI ,2,4-TRlAZOLO-11.5-s1-PYRIMIDINE ADENOSINE A20 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS BACKGROUND The present invention relates to 2-alkynyl- and 2-alkenyl-pyrazoIo-[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazo!o[1,5-c]pyrimidine adenosine A2a receptor antagonists, the use of said compounds in the treatment of central nervous system diseases, in particular Parkinson's disease, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds. Adenosine is known to be an endogenous modulator of a number of physiological functions. At the cardiovascular system level, adenosine is a strong vasodilator and a cardiac depressor. On the central nervous system, adenosine induces sedative, anxiolytic and antiepileptic effects. On the respiratory system, adenosine induces bronchoconstriction. At the kidney level, it exerts a biphasic action, inducing vasoconstriction at low concentrations and vasodilation at high doses. Adenosine acts as a lipolysis inhibitor on fat cells and as an antiaggregant on platelets. Adenosine action is mediated by the interaction with different membrane specific receptors which belong to the family of receptors coupled with G proteins. Biochemical and pharmacological studies, together with advances in molecular biology, have allowed the identification of at least four subtypes of adenosine receptors: Ai, A2a, A2b and A3. Ai and A3 are high-affinity, inhibiting theactivity of the enzyme adenylate cyclase, and A2a and A2b are low-affinity, stimulating the activity of the same enzyme. Analogs of adenosine able to interact as antagonists with the Ai, A2a, A2b and A3 receptors have also been identified. Selective antagonists for the A2a receptor are of pharmacological interest because of their reduced level of side effects. In the central nervous system, A2a antagonists can have antidepressant properties and stimulate cognitive functions. Moreover, data has shown that A2a receptors are present in high density in the basal ganglia, known to be important in the control of movement. Hence, A2a antagonists can improve motor impairment due to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, senile dementia as in Alzheimer's disease, and psychoses of organic origin. Some xanlhine-related compounds have been found to be Ai receptor selective antagonists, and xanthine and non-xanthine compounds have been found to have high A2a affinity with varying degrees of A2a vs. Ai selectivity. Triazolo-pyrimidine adenosine A2a receptor antagonists have been disclosed previously, for example in WO 95/01356; US 5,565,460; WO 97/05138; WO 98/52568, WO 01/92264, and PCT/US02/32630, filed October 11, 2002. Adenosine A2a receptor antagonists have been disclosed as being useful in the treatment or prevention of Extra Pyramidal Syndrome, dystonia, restless leg syndrome (RLS) or periodic limb movement in sleep (PLMS) in PCT/US03/40456, filed December 17, 2003, and have been disclosed as being useful in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in WO 02/055083. R10 is H, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, OH or hydroxyalkyl; R17 is H or alkyl; and R18 is H or alkyl. Another aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of formula I in a pharmaceutical^ acceptable carrier. Yet another aspect of the invention is a method of treating central nervous system diseases such as depression, cognitive diseases and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, senile dementia or psychoses of organic origin, and stroke, comprising administering at least one compound of formula I to a mammal in need of such treatment. The invention also relates to the treatment of attention related disorders such as attention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The invention also relates to the treatment or prevention of Extra-Pyramidal Syndrome (e.g., dystonia, akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia), the treatment of primary (idiopathic) dystonia, and the treatment or prevention of dystonia in patients who exhibit dystonia as a result of treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant, lithium or an anticonvulsant, or who have used cocaine, comprising administering at least one compound of formula I to a mammal in need of such treatment. The invention further relates to treatment of abnormal movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome (RLS) or periodic limb movement in sleep (PLMS), comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of formula I. In particular, the invention is drawn to the method of treating Parkinson's disease comprising administering at least one compound of formula I to a mammal in need of such treatment. Still another aspect of the invention is a method of treating Parkinson's disease with a combination of at least one compound of formula I and one or more agents useful in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, for example dopamine; a dopaminergic agonist; an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, type B (MAO-B); a DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor (DCI); or a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor. Also claimed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of formula I and one or more agents known to be useful in the treatment of Parkinson's in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The invention also comprises a method of treating RLS or PLMS comprising aciministering a combination of at least one compound of formula I with another agent useful in treating RLS or PLMS, such as levodopa/carbidopa, levodopa/benserazide, a dopamine agonist, a benzodiazepine, an opioid, an anticonvulsant or iron, to a patient in need thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Preferred compounds of formula I are those wherein R is -C=CR6, wherein R6 is H or Ci-C6 alkyl, more preferably CrC6 alkyl, especially methyl. R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each preferably H. A preferred definition for Z is R10-aryl or R10-heteroaryl. R10-aryl is preferably R10-phenyl, and R10-heteroaryl is preferably R10-benzoxazolyl or R10-benzisoxazolyl. When Z is R10-phenyl, R10 is preferably 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, -C(0)R13, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, and cyanoalkyl. Preferably there are 2 or 3 R10 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, -C(0)R13, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, and cyanoalkyl; more preferably, one R10 is halo, one R10 is halo, -C(0)R13, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or cyanoalkyl. Especially preferred are compounds there are 2 R10 substituents wherein one R10 is o-fluoro and the other R10 is halo, -C(0)R13, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or cyanoalkyl. When R10 is -C(0)R13, R13 is preferably . alkyl, more preferably methyl. When Z is R10-heteroaryl, R10 is preferably 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo and alkyl. Preferably there are 1 or 2 R1° substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo and alkyl. More preferably, one R10 is fluoro and one R10 is methyl. When R10 comprises a heterocycloalkyl group, preferred rings are pyrrolidinyl, oxazolinyl and tetrahydrofuranyl; the pyrrolidinyl and oxazolinyl rings are preferably joined to Z through the ring nitrogen. Preferred R15 substituents on the R10 heterocycloalkyl groups are hydrogen, or two R substituents, taken together with the carbon to which they are both attached, form a -C(=0)- group. As used herein, the term alkyl includes straight or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon chains of i to 6 carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and t-butyl. "Aryl" means an aromatic monocyclic or mullicyclic ring system comprising 6 to about 14 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to about 10 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of suitable aryl groups include phenyl and naphihyl. Heteroaryl means a single ring, bicyclic or benzofused heteroaromatic group of 5 to 10 atoms comprised of 2 to 9 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, provided that the rings do not include adjacent oxygen and/or sulfur atoms. N-oxides of the ring . nitrogens are also included. Examples of single-rjng heteroaryl groups are pyridyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, furanyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, tetrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl and triazolyl. Examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups are naphthyridyl (e.g., 1,5 or 1,7), imidazopyridyl, pyridopyrimidinyl and 7-azaindolyl. Examples of benzofused heteroaryl groups are indolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, phthalazinyi, benzothienyl (i.e., thianaphthenyl), benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl and benzofurazanyl. All positional isomers are contemplated, e.g., 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl and 4-pyridyl. The terms R10- and R15-substituted heteroaryl refer to such groups wherein substitutable ring carbon atoms have a substituent as defined above. When the heteroaryl group is a benzofused ring, the substituents can be attached to either or both the phenyl ring portion and the heteroaromatic ring portion, and the heteroaryl group can be attached to the rest of the molecule either through the phenyl ring portion or the heteroaromatic ring portion. Heterocycloalkyl means a saturated ring of 4 to 7 atoms, preferably 5 or 6 ring atoms, wherein 1 or 2 ring members are selected from the group consisting of O, S and NR13 and the remaining atoms are carbon. There are no adjacent oxygen and/or sulfur atoms in the rings. Non-limiting examples of heterocycloalkyl rings are piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, 1,3-dioxolanyl, 1,4-dioxanyl, oxazolinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl and tetrahydrothiopyranyl. "Hydroxyalkyl" means a HO-alkyI- group in which alkyl is as previously defined. Non-limiting examples of suitable hydroxyalkyi groups include hydroxymethyl and 2-hydroxy ethyl. "Alkoxy" means an alkyl-O- group in which the alkyl group is as previously described. Non-Iirniting examples of suitable alkoxy groups- include rnethoxy, eihoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy and n-butoxy. The bond to the parent moiety is through the ether oxygen. "Alkylthio" means an alkyl-S- group in which the alkyl group is as previously described. Non-limiting examples of suitable alkylthio groups include methylthio, ethylthio and isopropylthio. The bond to the parent moiety is through the sulfur. "Cycloalkyi" means a non-aromatic monocyclic ring system comprising 3 to about 6 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of suitable monocyclic cycloalkyls include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. "Cycloalkyloxy" therefore means a cycloalkyl-O- group. Halo is fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo. "Alkenyl" means an aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond and which may be straight or branched and comprising about 2 to about 6 carbon atoms in the chain. Branched means that one or more lower alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl or propyl, are attached to a linear alkenyl chain. Non-limiting examples of suitable alkenyl groups include ethenyl, propenyl, n-butenyl, 3-methylbut-2-enyl and n-pentenyl. "Alkylene" means a difunctional group obtained by removal of a hydrogen atom from an alkyl group that is defined above. Non-limiting examples of alkylene include methylene, ethylene and propylene. The term "(di-alkoxy)-alkyl" means an alkyl chain substituted by two alkoxy groups. Similarly, "(hydroxy)-alkoxyalkyr means an alkyl chain substituted by a hydroxy group and an alkoxy group; (CF3)(hydroxy)alkoxy means an alkoxy group substituted by a CF3 group and a hydroxy group; (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl means a hydroxyalkyi group substituted by a cycloalkyi group; (dihydroxy)alkyl means an alkyl chain substituted by two hydroxy groups; and (dihydroxy)alkoxy means an alkoxy group substituted by two hydroxy groups. In each of these substituents, the alkyl chains can be branched. Examples of moieties formed when two adjacent R10 groups form a ring with the carbons on the phenyl or heteroaryl ring to which they are attached are: The term "optionally substituted" means optional substitution with the specified groups, radicals or moieties, in available position or positions. With reference to the number of moieties (e.g., substituents, groups or rings) in . a compound, unless otherwise defined, the phrases "one or more" and "at least one" mean that there can be as many moieties as chemically permitted, and the determination of the maximum number of such moieties is well within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. As used herein, the term "composition" is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts. valences in the text, schemes, examples, structural formulae, and any Tables herein is assumed to have the hydrogen atom or atoms to satisfy the valences. Prodrugs and solvates of the compounds of the invention are also contemplated herein. The term "prodrug", as employed herein, denotes a compound that is a drug precursor which, upon administration to a subject, undergoes chemical conversion by metabolic or chemical processes to yield a compound of formula I or a salt and/or solvate thereof. A discussion of prodrugs is provided in T. Higuchi and V. Stella, Pro-drugs as Novel Deliver/ Systems (1987) Volume 14 of the A.C.S. Symposium Series, and in Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design, (1987) Edward B. Roche, ed., American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, both of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto. "Solvate" means a physical association of a compound of this invention with one or more solvent molecules. This physical association involves varying degrees of ionic and covalent bonding, including hydrogen bonding. In certain instances the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid. "Solvate" encompasses both solution-phase and isolatable solvates. Non-limiting examples of suitable solvates include ethanolates, methanolates, and the like. "Hydrate" is a solvate wherein the solvent molecule is H20. Polymorphic forms of the compounds of formula I, and of the salts, solvates and prodrugs of the compounds of formula I, are intended to be included in the present invention. "Effective amount" or "therapeutically effective amount" is meant to describe an amount of compound or a composition of the present invention effective as an adenosine A2a receptor antagonist and thus producing the desired therapeutic effect in a suitable patient. "Patient" includes both human and animals. "Mammal" means humans and other mammalian animals. The compounds of formula I form salts that are also within the scope of this invention. Reference to a compound of formula I herein is understood to include reference to salts thereof, unless otherwise indicated. The term ,,salt(s)", as employed herein, denotes acidic salts formed with inorganic and/or organic acids, as well as basic salts formed with inorganic and/or organic bases. In addition, when a compound of formula I contains both a basic moiety, such as, but not limited to a pyridine or imidazole, and an acidic moiety, such as, but not limited to a carboxylic acid, zwitterions ("inner salts") may be formed and are included within the term "salt(s)" as used herein. Pharmaceutical^ acceptable (i.e., non-toxic, physiologically acceptable) salts are preferred, although other salts are also useful. Salts of the compounds of the formula I may be formed, for example, by reacting a compound of formula I with an amount of acid or base, such as an equivalent amount, in a medium such as one in which the salt precipitates or in an aqueous medium followed by lyophilization. Exemplar acid addition salts include acetates, adipates, alginates, ascorbates, aspartates, benzoates, benzenesulfonates, bisulfales, borates, butyrates, citrates, camphorates, camphorsulfonates, cyclopentanepropionates, digluconates, dodecylsulfales, ethanesulfonates, tumarates, glucoheptanoates, glycerophosphates, hemisulfates, heptanoates, hexanoates, hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, hydroiodides, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonates, lactates, maleates, methanesulfonates, 2-naphthalenesulfonates, nicotinates, nitrates, oxalates, pectinates, persulfates, 3-phenylpropionates, phosphates, picrates, pivalates, propionates, salicylates, succinates, sulfates, sulfonates (such as those mentioned herein), tartarates, thiocyanates, toluenesulfonates (also known as tosylates,) undecanoates, and the like. Additionally, acids which are generally considered suitable for the formation of pharmaceutical^ useful salts from basic pharmaceutical compounds are known. Exemplary basic salts include ammonium salts, alkali metal salts such as sodium, lithium, and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium salts, salts with organic bases (for example, organic amines) such as benzathines, dicyclohexylamines, hydrabamines (formed with N,N-bis(dehydro-abietyl)ethylenediamine), N-methyl-D-glucamines, N-methyl-D-glucamides, t-butyl amines, and salts with amino acids such as arginine, lysine and the like. Basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quarternized with agents such as lower alkyl halides (e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), dialkyl sulfates (e.g. dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and diamyl sulfates), long chain halides (e.g. decyl, lauryl, myristyl and stearyl chlorides, bromides and iodides), aralkyl halides (e.g. benzyl and phenethyl bromides), and others. All such acid salts and base salts are intended to be pharmaceutical^ acceptable salts within the scope of the invention and all acid and base salts are considered equivalent to the free forms of the corresponding compounds for purposes of the invention. Compounds of formula I, and salts, solvates and prodrugs thereof, may exist in their tautomeric form (for example, as an amide or imino ether). All such tautomeric forms are contemplated herein as part of the present invention. All stereoisomers (for example, geometric isomers, optical isomers and the like) Of the present compounds (including those of the salts, solvates and prodrugs of the compounds as well as the salts and solvates of the prodrugs), such as those which may exist due to asymmetric carbons on various substituents, including enantiomeric forms (which may exist even in the absence of asymmetric carbons), rotameric forms, atropi&omers, and diastereomeric forms, are contemplated within the scope of this invention. Individual stereoisomers of the compounds of the invention may, for example, be substantially free of other isomers, or may be admixed, for example, as racemates or with all other, or other selected, stereoisomers. The chiral centers of the present invention can have the S or R configuration as defined by the IUPAC1974 Recommendations. The use of the terms "salt", "solvate" "prodrug" and the like, is intended to equally apply to the salt, solvate and prodrug of enantiomers, stereoisomers, rotamers, tautomers, racemates or prodrugs of the inventive compounds. Compounds of formula I can be prepared by known methods from starting materials either known in the art or prepared by methods known in the art; see, for example, WO 95/01356, J. Med. Chem., 39 (1996) 1164-1171, and WO 01/92264. Compounds of the present invention can be prepared by several methods. A Aldehyde 2 is reacted with hydrazine to furnish 3, preferably in DMF at room temperature. Reaction of 3 with an alkylating reagent, such as bromide 4, yields chloride 5. This conversion is carried out in the presence of a base such as NaH, in a solvent such as DMF at room temperature. Reaction of 5 with 6, a protected form of hydrazine, furnishes 7. The reaction is best carried out in DMF at elevated temperature of 80-100°C. The protective group Q is preferably f-butoxycarbonyl (Boc). Compound 7 is converted to 9 by reaction with a piperazine 8. The reaction is preferably carried out in DMF at elevated temper3tures of 80-100°C with catalytic Kl. When the protective group Q in 9 is Boc, treatment with HCI/dioxane furnishes hydrazine 10. Acylation of 10 with a carboxylic acid is effected, for example, with the acid and a carbodiimide, or with a preformed mixed anhydride, such as that with isopropyl chloroformate. Hydrazide 11 is cyclized to I. This cyclization can be accomplished with N,0-bis(trimethylsiIyI)acetamidfe in DMF at 120°C or other known cyclization methods can be used. In certain cases, the initial R group may contain a protective group, such as trimethylsilyl for an acetylene or t-butyldimethylsilyl for an alcohol. The protective group may be removed following the conversion to formula I by employing well known Compound 7 is deprotected as for 9, and 12 is acylated as for 10. Hydrazide 13 is cyclized as for 11. Amination of 14 to yield I takes place at temperatures of 100-160°C, preferably in DMF and in the presence of Kl. Heating may also be effected by microwave irradiation in a sealed vessel yielding temperatures of 190-210°C Another method is illustrated in Scheme 3. A hydroxyalkylpyrazole 15, prepared by methods well-known in the art, is aminated with 8. The amination involves activation of the alcohol with a reagent such as methanesulfonyl chloride or thionyl chloride and a base, typically an amine. Reaction of the activated alcohol with 8 provides piperazine 16. Reaction of 16 with a trialkyl orthoformate in the presence of an acid such as methanesulfonic acid provides 17. Heating 17 with hydrazide 18 in a solvent such as anisole in the presence of an acid such as isobutyric acid furnishes tricyclic 19. Treatment of 19 with aqueous acid, typically hydrochloric acid, provides amine 20. Cyclization of 20 with cyanogen bromide, preferably in the presence of a catalyst such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine and a solvent such as aqueous acetonitrile, yields. I. In the above schemes, one compound of formula I can be converted to a different compound of formula I by well-known methods, such as reduction of a ketone to an alcohol with NaBH. Other synthetic routes applicable to the preparation of these materials are described in WO 01/92264, which is equivalent to US 09/865071, publication number 2002/0099061, incorporated herein by reference. Abbreviations used in the specification are as follows: Me (methyl); Bu (butyl); Et (ethyl); Boc (f-butoxycarbonyl); DMF (dimethylformamide); THF (tetrahydrofuran); DIPEA (diisopropylethylamine); RT (room temperature); BSA (N,0-bis(trimethyIsilyl)« acetamide); BINAP (2,2,-bis(di>henyIphosphino)-1,1,-binaphthyl); PLC (preparative layer chromatography); TFA (trifluoroacetic acid); HOBt (hydroxybenzotriazole); DAST (diethylaminosulfurtrifluoride); EDCI (1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl- Step 1: To 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carboxaldehyde (25.0g, 130mmol) in DMF (100ml) add DIPEA (28.4ml, 163mmo!) and then hydrazine hydrate (6.32ml, 130mmol). After the initial exotherm, stir 24h and concentrate in vacuo to ~50g. Add water (50ml), filter, wash with water, and dry to give the monochloride as a brown solid. Step 2: To the product of Step 1 (15.0g, 88mmoI) in DMF (150ml) add 60% NaH in mineral oil (4.25g, 106mmol). Add slowly 1-bromo-2-chIoroethane (22.1ml, 265mmol). Stir at RT 2h, concentrate, and chromatograph on silica to obtain the dichloride as an off-white solid. Step 3: Combine the product of Step 2 (12.2g, 52.5mmol) and f-butyl carbazate (8.33g, 63mmol) in DMF (70ml). Heat at 80°C 24h, allow to cool, concentrate, and Step 1: Combine the product of Preparation 1 (6.04g, 18.4mmol), 1-(4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)piperazine (8.71 g, 37mmol), and Kl (3.06g, 18mmol) in DMF (60ml). Heat at 90°C 72h, allow to cool, and concentrate. Partition between CH2CI2 and water, wash with 1N NaOH, then brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate. Chromatograph on silica to obtain the carbazate as a brown solid. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 1 (6.0g, 11.4mmol) in 1:1 CH3OH-CH2CI2 (70ml). Add 4.0M HCI/dioxane (35ml, 140mmol) and allow to stand 24h. Add a solution of NaOH (T.Og) in water (20ml). Concentrate, treat with water, filter, wash Step 1: To 2-butynoic acid (7.26g, 86mmol) in EtOAc (100ml) add N-methylmorpholine (9.5ml, 86mmol), followed by isopropyl chloroformate (1.0M in toluene, 86ml, 86mmol). After 4h, wash with water, then satd. NaHCOa- Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to provide the mixed anhydride as a light brown oil. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Preparation 1 (5.0g, 15mmol) in 1:1 CH3OH-CH2CI2 (80ml). Add 4.0M HCI/dioxane (20ml, 80mmol) and allow to stand 18h. Basify with aq. NH3 to pH 11, concentrate, treat with water (50ml), filter, wash with water, and dry to obtain the hydrazine as a yellow solid. Step 3: To the product of Step 2 (6.23g, 25.6mmol) suspended in DMF (45ml) add dropwise a solution of the product of Step 1 (5.63g, 33.1 mmol) in DMF (15ml). Stir 1h, adsorb on silica, and chromalograph to obtain the hydrazide as a yellow solid. Step 4: Combine the product of Step 3 (6.17g, 21.0mmol) with BSA (60ml). Heat at 120°C 24h and allow to cool. Concentrate and treat the residue with CH3OH. Adsorb on silica and chromatograph to give the tricyclic product, 4-1, as a white solid. Combine 2-bromo-1-fluoro-3,5-dimethoxybenzene (2.0g, 8.5mmol), piperazine (4.4g, 51mmol), NaOf-Bu (1.14g, 11.9mmol), ±-BINAP (0.32g, 0.51mmol) and Pd2(dba)3 in toluene (15ml). Heat at reflux 18h, allow to cool, and extract with 1N HCI (4x). Basify the aqueous with NaOH to pH 13 and extract with CH2CI2. Wash with brine, dry (MgSC>4) and concentrate to obtain the amine 5-1 as a dark liquid. In similar fashion, obtain Preparations 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5. For Preparation 5-6, employ CS2CO3 in place of NaO-/Bu and use dioxane as solvent. For Preparation 5-7, employ the chloropyridine, with CS2CO3 in place of NaO-©u and DMSO as solvent. From the bromo-pyridine with K2CO3 in DMSO obtain Preparation Step 1: Combine 4-bromo-3-chlorophenoI (2.00g, 9.64mmoI), 2-bromoethyl methyl ether (1.289, 9.20mmol) and K2C03 (1.86g, 13.5mmol) in DMF (20m!), Heat at 90°C 24h and allow to cool. Partition between 0.2N NaOH and ether. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the ary) ether as a yellow oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with piperazine as in Preparation 5 to obtain the title compound, 6-1, as-a yellow oil. In a similar manner, from the appropriate phenol and substituted alkyl bromide, prepare the intermediate ether and convert to the aryl-piperazine. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (0.355g, 1.3mmol) with 6N HCI (5ml). Heat at 80°C 1 h, allow to cool, and basify to pH 13 with 6N NaOH. Extract with CH2CI2) wash with brine, dry (MgSO^) and concentrate. Purify by PLC to obtain the title compound according to Tetrahedron Letters 1999, 8647) and Et3N (2.57ml, 18.5mmol) in CH2CI2 (15ml) at 0°C add dropwise CH3S02CI (1.94g, 16.9mmol). Allow to warm to RT, stir 1h, and wash with satd. NaHC03. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the mesylate as a yellow oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with 4-bromo-3-fluorophenol according to Preparation 6, Step 1, to obtain the aryl ether as a yellow oil. Step 3: Treat the product of Step 2 with piperazine according to Preparation 5 to Preparation 6, Step 1, to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with piperazine according to Preparation 5 to obtain the aryl-piperazine as a black oil. Step 3: To the product of Step 2 (2.62g, 7.9mmol) in 1:1 CH3OH-EtOAc (40m!) add 5% Pd/C (1.4g) and 1N HCI (8ml). Hydrogenate at 60psi 16h. Filter through Celite and neutralize with 1N NaOH. Concentrate, treat with EtOH (200ml), filter, and reconcentrate to give the title compound as a brown oil. Slep 1: To a solution of 2-methoxypropanol (1./3g, 19,2mmol, prepared by LiAIH4 reduolion of methyl 2-methoxypropionate) in pyridine (6ml) at 0°C add dropwise toluenesulfonyl chloride (4.57g, 24.0mmol) in pyridine (12ml). Stir 1 h, allow to warm to RT, and stir 18h. Partition between water and CH2CI2, wash with 1N HCI, and dry (MgS04). Concentrate to obtain the tosylate as a yellow oil. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (1.53g, 6.3mmol), 4-bromo-3-fluorophenol (1.00g, 5.3mmol), and 60% NaH in mineral oil (0.31 g, 7.9mmol) in DMF (8ml). Heat at 60°C 40h and allow to cool. Partition between 5% citric acid and EtOAc. Wash with 1N NaOH, then brine. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the aryl ether as a yellow oil. Step 3: Treat the product of Step 2 with piperazine according to Preparation 5 to according to Aust J. Chem. 1995,1778) in THF (30m!) add dropwise LiAIH4 (1.0M in THF, 10.8ml, 10.8mmol). Heat at 60°C 1.5h and allow to cool. Add water (411 ml), then 15% NaOH (411 ml), then water (3x411 ni!).^filter and concentrate"to obtain the alcohol as a colorless liquid. Step 2: Convert the product of Step 1 to the tosylate, a yellow oil, following the procedure of Preparation 11, Step 1. Step 3: Convert the product of Step 2 to the aryl ether, a yellow oil, following the procedure of Preparation 11, Step 2. Step 4: Convert the product of Step 3 to the aryl-piperazine, a brown oil, following the procedure of Preparation 5. Step 5: Hydrogenate the product of Step 4 according to the procedure of Preparation 10, Step 3, to obtain the title compound, 12-1, as a brown solid. In similar fashion, starting with 3-bromo-4-fluorophenol and benzyl 2- 125mmol), and K2C03 (4.17g, 30mmol) in toluene (30ml). Heat at reflux 24h, allow to cool, and extract with 1N HCI. Basify the aqueous with NaOH to pH 13 and extract with CH2CI2. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the aryl-piperazine as a yellow solid. Step 2: To the product of Step 1 (1.51 g, 6.7mmol) in CH2CI2 (20ml) add Et3N (1.12ml, 8;lmmt5i); fbirdWetJ byBoc20 (1.47g, 6;7mmol). Stir 1h and wash with satd NaHC03, then brine. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the carbamate as a yellow solid. Step 3: Dissolve the product of Step 2 (2.18g, 6.7mmol) in 1:1 CH3OH/EtOAc (40ml) and add 5% Pd/C (0.50g). Hydrogenate at 55psi 1,5h, filter through Celite and concentrate to obtain the arylamine as a brown oil. Step 4: To the product of Step 3 (0.63g, 2.1mmol) in CH2CI2 (10ml) add DIPEA (0.56ml, 3.2mmo!), followed by AcCI (0.18ml, 2.6mmol). Stir 0.5h, concentrate, and purify by PLC to obtain the amide as a brown oil. Step 5: Dissolve the product of Step 4 (0.70g„ 2.immol) in CH2CI2 (10ml) and add TFA (5ml). Stir 0.5h, concentrate, and partition between CH2CI2 and 1N NaOH saturated with NaCI. Dry (M0SO4) and concentrate. Purify on PLC to obtain the title Step 1: To the product of Preparation 13, Step 3 (0.64g, 2.2mmoI) in CH2CI2 (10ml) add DIPEA (0.57ml, 3.3mmoI), followed by EtOCOCI (0.26ml, 2.6mmol). Stir 0.5h, concentrate, and purify by PLC to obtain the di-carbamate as a brown oil. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 1 (0.87g, 2.4mmol) in CH2CI2 (10ml) and add TFA (6ml). Stir 1h, concentrate, and partition between CH2CI2 and 1N NaOH saturated with NaCI. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate. Purify on PLC to obtain the title Step 1: To 4-bromoaniline (4.30g, 25mmol) in ether (15ml) add Et3N (2.70g, 27mmol). Add dropwise, with ice-bath cooling, 2-chloroethyl chloroformate (3.82g, 27mmol) in ether (10ml). Stir 0.5h and filter. Wash the ether with 1N HCI, then brine. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to leave a solid. Heat in hexane, allow to cool, and collect the carbamate as a cream solid. Step 2: Add the product of Step 1 (4.19g, 15mmol) to a solution of KOH (1.19g, 85%, ISmrnol) in EtOH (28ml) and water (12ml) cooled in an ice bath. Replace with a water bath, stir 1,5h, concentrate, and dilute with water (10ml). Filter to obtain the oxazolinone as a cream solid. Step 3: Convert the product of Step 2 to the aryl-piperazine, a yellow solid, following Step 1: Combine ethyl 3,4-difluorobenzoate (2.00g, 10.7mmol), f-butyl piperazine-1-carboxyiate (2.20g, 11.8mmol), and K2C03 (1.80g, 13.1mmol) in DMF (10ml). Heat at 100°C 72h and allow to cool. Concentrate and chromatograph on silica to obtain the aryl-piperazine as a yellow oil. Step 2: Cool to 0°C a solution of the product of Step 1 (3.1 g, 8.8mmol) in THF (20ml). Add dropwise LiAIH4 (1.0M in THF, 5.3ml, 5.3mmol). Stirat0°C2h. Add ice-water and citric acid (3.0g). Extract with ether, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the alcohol as a yellow oil. Step 3: To a solution of the product of Step 2 (1.47g, 4.8mmol) in CH2CI2 (20ml) at 0°C add Et3N (0.80ml, 5.7mmol) and then CH3S02CI (0.65g, 5.7mmol). Stir at 0°C 2h, then RT 1 h. Concentrate to obtain the crude mesylate. Step 4: Dissolve all of the of crude mesylate from Step 2 in CH3OH (20ml). Add NaOCH3 (0.77g, 14.2mmol). Heat at 60°C 1.5h, allow to cool, and dilute with water (30ml). Extract with ether, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the methyl ether as a yellow oil. Step 5: Dissolve the product of Step 4 (1.00g, 3.1 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (4ml), cool to 0°C, and add slowly TFA (20ml)., Stir at 0°C 2.5h, concentrate, and partition between CH2CI2 and 1N NaOH. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the title compound as a yellow oil. Combine 3\4'-difIuoroacetophenone (2.00g, 12.8mmol), piperazine (5.52g, 64mmoI), and K2C03 (2.12g, 15.4mmo!) in toluene (20ml). Heat at 110°C 20h and allow to cool. Extract with 1N HCI and basify the aqueous with NaOH to pH 13. Extract with CH-C-b, wash with water, dry (MgSO,,) and concentrate to obtain the title compound, 17-1, as a yellow solid. In similar fashion, from 2,,4'-difluoroacetophenone produce Preparation 17-2, a yellow oil; from 5-fluoro-1-indanone produce Preparation 17-3, a yellow solid; and from 2,-methoxy-4'-fluoroace1ophenone produce Preparatiori 17-4, a yellow solid. From 2-chlorobenzoxazole with Et3N in CH2CI2 produce Preparation 17-5, a white Step 1: Combine 3,4-epoxytetrahydrofuran (1.00g, 11.6mmol), 4-bromo-3-fluorophenol (2.66g, 13.9mmol), and NaO-f-Bu (0.22g, 2.3mmoI) in DMF (10ml). Heat at 105°C 24h, then 120°C 2h. Allow to cool and add 1N NaOH (20ml). Extract with CH2CI2, dry (MgSQ4) and concentrate to obtain the an/I ether as a yellow oil. Step 2: Cool to 0°C a solution of the product of Step 1 (1.80g, 6.5 mmol) in DMF (10ml). Add NaH (60% in mineral oil, 0.311g, 7.8mmol). Stir 15min and add CH3I (1.01g, 7.1mmol) in DMF (3m!). Stir at 0°C 3h, then RT 18h. Partition between ether and water, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the methyl ether as a yellow oil. Step 3: Convert the product of Step 2 to the aryl-piperazine, a yellow oil, following the Step 1: Combine 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (3.00g, 14.8mmol) and TsOHH20 in ethylene glycol (15ml). Heat at 80°C 3h, allow to cool, and partition between water and EtOAc. Wash with water, then brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the benzyl ether as a yellow oil. Step 2: Cool to 0°C a solution of the product of Step 1 (3.52g, 14.3mmol) in CH2CI2 (25ml). Add pyridine (1.73ml, 21mmol), followed by SOCI2 (1.14ml, 15.7mmol). Allow to warm to RT, stir 3h, add pyridine (1.73ml) and SOCI2 (1.14ml), and stir 20h. Wash with water, dry (MgSO^ and concentrate. Chromatograph on silica to obtain the chloride as a yellow oil. Step 3: Combine the product of Step 2 (2.64g, 9.9mmol), K2C03 (1.65g, 11.9mmol) and Kl (0.83g, 5.0mmol) in DMF (25ml). Stir 120h and concentrate. Partition between CH2CI2 and water, wash with water and then brine, and dry (MgS04). Concentrate to obtain the benzodioxepine as a yellow oil. Step 4: Convert the product of Step 3 to the aryl-piperazine, 19-1, a light brown oil, following the procedure of Preparation 5. For Preparation 19-2, brominate and reduce ethyl 4-fluorosalicylate according to the procedures of Preparation 65, Steps 2 and 3. Continue analogously to For Preparation 19-3, reduce 4-bromosalicylic acid according to the procedure of Preparation 65, Step 3, and continue analogously to obtain the aryl-piperazine as a yellow oil. Step 1: Dissolve 3-hydroxybenzyI alcohol (6.2g, 150mmol) in water (700ml). Add Br2 (8.8g, 55mmol) in water (1000ml) dropwise over 45min with stirring. Stir 18h, filter, add NaCI (100g), and extract with CH2CI2. Extract the aqueous with EtOAc, wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate. Warm the sticky solid with water (7ml), allow to cool, filter and wash with water to obtain the bromide as a faintly orange solid. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 1 (1.08g, 5.3mmoI) in DMF (15ml) and cool to 0°C. Add NaO-t-Bu (0.51 g, 5.3mmol) and stir 20min. Add 2-bromoethylmethyl ether (0.50ml, 5.3mmol). Allow to warm and stir at 40°C 18h. Allow to cool and partition between 0.5N NaOH and ether. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the ether-alcohol as a colorless oil. Step 3: Dissolve the product of Step 2 (1.31 g, 5.3mmol) in CH2CI2 (15ml) and cool to 0°C. Add Et3N (0.96ml, 6.9mmol) and then MsCl (0.73g, 6.4mmoI). Stir 1 h, allow to warm to RT, and stir 4h. Concentrate and dissolve the residue in CH3OH (20ml). Add NaOCH3 (0.86g, 15.9mmoI). Heat at 65°C 18h, allow to cool and partition between water and ether. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the di-ether as a yellow oil. Step 4: Convert the product of Step 3 to the aryl-piperazine, a yellow oil, following the Step 1: To 2-allyl-4-bromophenol (3.13g, 14.6mmol) in 1,2-dichloroethane (250ml) add /Thchioroperbenzoic acid (70%, 3.59g, 14.5mmol). Heat to 70°C, stir 4h, and add more peracid (2.50g). Heal an additional 2h, allow to cool, concentrate, and partition with ether and i N NaOH. Dry (M0SO4) and concentrate to obtain the alcohol as a yellow oil. Step 2: To the product of Step i (2.40g, 10.5mrnol) in DMF (20rnl) add NaH (60% in oil, 0.59g, 14.8mmoI). Stir 15min, cool to 0°C, and add CH3I (1.78g, 12.5mmoI). Stir 2h, allow to warm, and partition with ether and 0.5N NaOH. Dry (MgSO*) and concentrate to obtain the methyl ether as a yellow oil containing a small amount of mineral oil. Step 3: Convert the product of Step 2 to 21-1, a yellow oil, following the procedure of Preparation 5. Similarly, convert the product of Step 1 to the TBS ether according to Preparation 48, Step 1, and react with piperazine according to the procedure of Step 1: Combine 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)bromobenzene (2.50g, 11.5mmol) and Et3N (1.93ml, 13.8mmol) in CH2CI2 (20ml) and cool to 0°C. Add CH3S02CI (0.98ml, 12.7mmol), stir 2h, allow to warm, and partition with ether and satd, NaHCOs. Dry (MgSCU) and concentrate to obtain the mesylate as a white solid. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (3.45g, l1.7mmol) with 2M methanolic CH3NH2 (45ml) in a sealed tube. Heat at 60°C 8h, allow to cool, concentrate, and partition with CH2Cl2 and 0.5N NaOH. Dry (MgSQ*) and concentrate to obtain the amine as a yellow oil. Step 3: Combine the product of Step 2 (2.64g, 11.5mmol) and Et3N (1.91 ml, 13.8mmo!) in CH2CI2 (30ml) and cool to 0°C. Add Boc20 (2.76g, 12.6mmoi), stir 2h, allow to warm, and stir 5 days. Wash with said. NaHC03. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the crude carbamate as a yellow oil. Step 4: Convert the crude product of Step 3 to the title compound, a brown oil, Step 1: Combine 3,4-difluorobenzoyl chloride (1.01 g, 5.7mmol) and Et3N (0.57g, 5.6mmol) in EtOAc (10ml) and cool to 0°C. Add dropwise N-(2-methoxyethyl)-methylamine (0.62g, 7.2mmol), stir 0.5h, allow to warm, and wash with 1N HCI, then 1N NaHC03. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the amide as a yellow oil. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (1.20g, 5.2mmoI), piperazine (2.24g, 26mmol) and K2C03 in dry DMF (10ml). Heat at 120°C under N2 20h and allow to cool. Dilute with EtOAc, filter, and concentrate. Partition with EtOAc and 1N HCI. Basify the aqueous layer with Na2C03, add NaCI (5g), and extract with EtOAc/EtOH (9:1). Dry Step 1: To the product of Preparation 13, Step 3 (1.00g, 3.3mmol) and DIPEA (0.88ml, 5.1mmol) in CH2CI2 (15ml) add trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.57ml, 4.1mmol). Stir 2h and add a second portion each of DIPEA and anhydride. Stir 1h and wash with satd. NaHC03, then water. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the amide as a yellow solid. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (0.70g, 1.8mmol) and K2C03 (0.37g, 1.27mmol) in dry DMF (8m!). Add CH3I (0.12m!, 2.0mmol), stir 18h, then heat at 60°C 2h. Concentrate and partition with ether and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the rnethylamide as a yellow oil. Step 3: Dissolve the product of Step 2 (1 .Dig, 2.5rnmol) in CH3OH (5ml). Add K2C03 (0.34g, 2.5mmol) in water (3.5ml). Stir ih, concentrate, and partition with CH2CI2 and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the amine as a yellow solid. Step 4: To the product of Step 3 (0.77g, 2.5mmoI) and DIPEA (0.65ml, 3.7mmol) in CH2CI2 (1QmI) add AcCI (0.22ml, 3.0mmol). Stir 1h, concentrate, and partition with CH2CI2 and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the amide as a yellow oil. Step 5: Dissolve the product of Step 4 (0.90g, 2.5mmol) in CH2CI2 (10ml). Add TFA (6.0ml). Stir 1 h, concentrate, and partition with CH2CI2and 1N NaOH. Wash with brine, dry (MgSCU) and concentrate to obtain the title compound as a yellow oil. In a similar fashion, but employing ethyl chloroformate in Step 4, prepare Step 1: Combine 3'-bromo-4'-fluoroacetophenone (2.17g, 10.0mmol) and 3-chloropef-benzblc acid (70%, 2.46g, 10rrifhbl) in i ,2-dichloroethane (20ml). Heat at 75CC for 5h and add more peracid (0.82g). Heat an additional 24h, allow to cool, and filter. Add more peracid (1.64g) and heat at 85°C for 20h. Allow to cool, filter, and wash the filtrate with 1N NaHC03. Concentrate and partition with ether and 1N NaOH. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the ester as a light yellow solid, m.p. 48-51°. Step 2: To the product of Step 1 (2.05g, 8.8mmol) in EtOH (20m!) add 1N NaOH (17.5ml). Stir 20h, neutralize with 1N HCI, concentrate, and partition with CH2CI2 and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the phenol as a yellow oil. Step 1: Combine 1-(4-cyano-2-fluorophenyl)piperazine (1.57g, 7.6mmol) and Et3N (1.28ml, 9.2mmol) in CH2CI2 (10ml) and add Boc20 (1.67g, 7.6mmol). Stir 1h and wash with satd. NaHC03. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the crude carbamate as a yellow solid. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 1 (2.73g, 8.9mmol) in CH3OH (30ml). Add HOAc (2.6ml) and then Pt02 (0.60g). Hydrogenate at 60psi for 18h. Filter through Celrte and add 1N NaOH (6ml). Concentrate and partition with CH2CI2 and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the amine as a colorless oil. Step 3: Combine the product of Step 2 (1.25g, 4.0mmol) and DIPEA (1.06ml, 6.1rnmol) in CH2CI2 (5ml). Add AcCI (0.35ml, 4.8mmol). Stir 1h, concentrate, and partition with CH2CI2 and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the amide as a yellow oil. Step 4: Dissolve the product of Step 3 (1.38g, 3.9mmol) in CH2CI2 (1ml). Add TFA (8.0ml). Stir 0.5h, concentrate, and partition with CH2CI2and 1N NaOH, saturated with Nad. 0jy..(Mg^Q4XaEi&-cpnPgDtrate. Purify by PLC to obtain the piperazine as a yellow oil. Step 1: Combine 5-bromoindoIine (3.56g, 18mmol) and Et3N (1.92g, 19mmol) in CH2CI2 (40ml). Cool in an ice bath and add Boc20 (4.14g, 19mmol). Allow to warm, stir 2h and add more Boc20 (0.50g). Stir 2h and wash with i N HCI, then with 1N NaHC03- Dry (MgS04) and concentrate. Heat the solid with hexane, allow to cool, and filter to obtain the carbamate as off-white crystals, m,p. 124-6°C. Step 2: Convert the product of Step 1 to the title compound, a yellow oil, following the Step 1: To a solution of the product of Preparation 16, Step 3 (from 1.40g, 45mmol of starting alcohol), add KCN(1.03g, 15.8mmol). Heatat60°C 1h, allow to cool, and partition with ether and 0.5N NaOH. Dry (MgS04), concentrate, and chromatograph on silica to obtain the nitrile as a yellow oil. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 3 (0.63g, 2.0mmol) in CH2CI2 (2ml) and cool to 0°C. Add TFA (10ml). Stir 2h, concentrate, and basify with 7N methanolic NH3. Concentrate and purify by PLC to obtain the title compound as a yellow solid. Dissolve the product of Preparation 16, Step 1 (1.70g, 6.7mmol) in CH2CI2 (5ml) and cool to 0°C. Add TFA (20ml). Stir 2h, concentrate, and partition with ether-CH2CI2 and NH4OH. Dry (MgS04), and concentrate to obtain the title compound as a colorless oil. Step 1: Treat 4-bromo-3-fluorophenol with benzyl bromide according to Preparation 6, Step 1 (reaction temperature 60°C), to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with piperazine according to Preparation 6, Step 2, to obtain the aryl-piperazine as a yellow solid after chromatography. Step 3: Convert the product of Step 2 to the Boc-derivative, a brown oil, according to the procedure of of Preparation 13, Step 2. Step 4: Add the product of Step 3 (2.55g, 6.6mmol) to Pd/C (0.60g) in CH3OH (30ml). Hydrogenate at 58psi 20h. Filter through celite and concentrate to obtain the phenol as a white solid. Step 5: Treat the product of Step 4 with ethyl chloroacetate according to the procedure of Step 1 to obtain the ester as a brown oil. Step 6: Dilute 3.0M ethereal CH3MgBr (2.3ml, 6.9mmol) with ether (6ml) and cool in ice. Add dropwise a solution of the product of Step 5 (1.04g, 2.7mmol) in ether (6ml) Allow to warm to RT, and add another 2.3m! of Grignard reagent. Stir 2h, quench with NH4CI, and wash with water, then brine. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtair the alcohol as a yellow oil. Step 7: Remove the Boc group from the product of Step 6 according to the procedure of Preparation 13, Step 5, to obtairvthe title compound as a yellow solid. Step 1: Cool in ice a solution of the product of Preparation 13, Step 3 (1.50gv 5.1 mmo!) in THF (40m!). Add DIPEA (1.08ml, 6.2mmo!), then 2-chIoroethyl * chloroformate (0.76g, 5.3mmoI). Stir 3h and partition with ether and satd. NaHCC>3. Dry (M9SO4) and concentrate to obtain the carbamate as a brown solid. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 1 (2.05g, 5.1mmol) in THF (150ml). Add NaH (60% in oil, 0.25g, 6.1mmol). Heat at 60°C 18h, allow to cool, and partition with ether and water. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the crude oxazolinone as a yellow solid. Step 3: Remove the Boc group from the product of Step 2 according to the procedure of Preparation 13, Step 5, to obtain the crude title compound as a yellow Step 1: Cool in ice a solution of the product of Preparation 13, Step 3 (1.53g, 5.2mmoI) and DIPEA (1.10ml, 6.2mmol) in THF (40ml). Add dropwise 4-bromobutyryI chloride (1.01 g, 5.4mmol). Stir 2h and partition with ether and satd. NaHC03. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the carbamate as a yellow solid. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 1 (2:30g, 5.2mmol) in DMF (100ml). Add NaH (60% in oil, 0.25g, 6.1mmol). Heatat90°C 18h, allow to cool, concentrate, and partition with ether and water. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the crude lactam as a yellow solid. Step 3: Remove the Boc group from the product of Step 2 according to the procedure of Preparation 13, Step 5, to obtain the crude title compound as a yellow Step 1: To a solution of 3-bromo-4-fluorobenzaldehyde (1.20g, 5.9mmol) in EtOH (20ml) add NaBH4 (0.103g, 2.7mmoI). Stir 2h, concentrate, and partition between ether and water, with NH4CI (0.6g) added. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the alcohol as a colorless oil. Step 2: Cool a solution of the product of Step 1 (1.20g, 5.9mmoI) in THF (50ml) in ice and add NaH (60% in oil, 0.33g, 8.2mmol), then CH3I (1.00ml, 7.1 mmol). Stir 3h and partition between ether and water. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the crude methyl ether as a yellow oil. Step 3: Treat the product of Step 2 with piperazine according to Preparation 6, Step Step 1: To AICI3 (4.43g, 33mmol) in 1,2-difluorobenzene (10.0ml, 101 mmol) add CH3SO2CI (4.00g, 2.7mmoI). Heat at 90°C 18h, allow to cool, and quench with ice- water. Extract with ether, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the sulfone as a 'yellow solid. " -" " * " Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (2.32g, 12.1 mmol), piperazine (6.24g, 72mmol), and K2C03 (3.34g, 24mmol) in DMF (20ml). Heat at 90°C 5h, allow to cool, and concentrate. Partition between CH2CI2 and water, wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the title compound as a yellow solid. Step 1: Convert the product of Preparation 17 to the Boc-derivative, a yellow solid, according to the procedure of of Preparation 13, Step 2. Step 2: To the product Step 1 (0.77g, 2.4mmol) in EtOH (15m!) add NaBH4 (0.046g, 1.2mmol). Stir 2h, add NaBH4 (0.023g, 0.6mmol), stir 1h, and add the same amount. Stir 1h, concentrate, and partition between CH2CI2 and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the alcohol as a light yellow solid. Step 3: To the product Step 2 (0.61 g, 1.9mmol) in THF (10ml) add NaH (60% in oil, 0.12g, 3.0mmol). Stir 10min and add CH3I (0.32g, 2.3mmol). Stir 72h and add CH3I (0.16g, 1.2mmol). Stir 24h and add NaH (60% in oil, 0.062g, 1.5mmol) and CH3I (0.16g, T.2mmol)V Stir24h and add NaH (60% in oil, 0.034g, 0.8mmol). -Stir-24h, pour onto ice-water, and extract with ether. Wash with brine, dry (MgSCU) and concentrate to obtain the crude methyl ether as a yellow solid. Step 4: Convert the product of Step 2 according to the procedure of Preparation 13, Step 5, to give the title compound as a yellow oil after PLC purification. Step 2: To the product Step 1 (0.40g, 1.3mmol) and pyrrolidine (0.22ml, 2.6mmoI) in CH2CI2 (15ml) add Na(OAc)3BH (0.56g, 2.6mmol). Stir 8h, add NH4CI, and wash with 1N NaOH. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the substituted pyrrolidine. Step 3: Convert the product of Step 2 according to the procedure of Preparation 13, Step 5, to give the title compound, 44-1, as an oil. Step 1: To ethyl 1,4-dibenzylpiperazine-2-carboxylate (10.0g, 30mmol) in THF (50ml) at 0°C, add LiAIH4 (1.0M in THF, 30ml, 30mmol). Stir 1h, allow to warm, and stir 2h. Treat gradually with 20% NaOH. Filter and wash with CH2CI2. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the alcohol as a yellow oil. Step 2: Cool to 0°C a solution of the product of Step 1 (8.40g, 28mmol) in DMF~ (35ml). Add NaH (60% in mineral oil, 1.36g, 0.82g NaH, 34mmol). Stir 10 min. and add CH3I (4.03g, 28mmol). Stir 1 h, partition between ether and water, dry (fvlgSC^) and concentrate to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 3: Combine the product of Step 2 (8.30g, 27mmol) in MeOH (35ml) with 5% Pd/C (1.50g) and con. HCI (5.0ml). Hydrogenate at 60psi for 3 days, filter through Celite, and concentrate. Dissolve the solid in EtOH and add NaOH (2.2g). Filter and chromatograph on silica to obtain the amine as a colorless oil. Step 4: Treat the product of Step 3 with 2,4-difluorobromobenzene according to the Step 1: To the product of Preparation 26, Step 1 (3.0g, 9.8mmol) in 2M methanolic CH3NH2 (50ml) add Raney nickel (~0.5g). Hydrogenate at 60psi for 18h, filter through Celite, and concentrate. Partition between CH2CI2 and water. Dry (MgSO,*) and concentrate to obtain the crude product as a colorless oil. Steps 2 and 3: Treat the product of Step 1 according to Preparation 26, Steps 3 and 4, to obtain 47-1 as a colorless oil. In a similar manner to Preparation 26-2, convert the product of Step 1 into Preparation 47-2. Step 1: To the product of Preparation 33, Step 1 (5.4g, 26rnmoI) in DMF (20m!) at 0°C add f-butyldimethyisilyl chloride (4.17g, 28mmol) and imidazole (2.69g, 40mmol). Stir 2h and partition between 1:1 ether-hexane and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the product as a colorless oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with piperazine according to the procedure of Step 1: To the product of Preparation 24, Step 3 (0.85g, 2.7mmol) and DIPEA (0.72ml, 4.1mmol) in CH2CI2 (15ml) add CH3S02CI (0.26ml, 3.3mmol). Stir 1h and concentrate. Partition between CH2CI2 and water, wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the product as a light yellow solid. Step 2: Treat the product of Step as in Preparation 24, Step 5, to obtain the compound 49-1 as a yellow oil. In similar fashion, but employing methoxyacetyl chloride in place of CH3SO2CI in Step T, obtain Preparation 49-2. according to Preparation 13, Step 2. Step 2: Convert the product of Step 1 to a solution of the crude methanesulfonate, an oil, similarly to Preparation 49, Step 1. Step 3: Treat the product of Step 2 with 3 equivalents of KCN in 5:1 EtOH-water. Reflux 18h, concentrate, and partition between ether and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgSO,*) concentrate, and chromatograph on silica to obtain the product as a yellow oil. Step 4: Deprotect the product of Step 3 acccording to Preparation 26, Step 4, to according to J. Org. Chem. 1991, 5964) in DMF (20ml) add NaH (60% in mineral oil, 0.68g, 0.41 g NaH, 17mmoI). Stir 10 min. and add CH3I (2.4g, 17mmol). Stir 2h, partition between 1:1 hexane-ether and water, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with piperazine according to the procedure of Preparation 5 to obtain the title compound as a yellow oil. Step 1_: Combine 2,4,5-trifluorobenzonitrile (2.50g, 15.9mmoI), N-Boc-piperazine (2.96g, 15.9mmo!) and K2C03 (2.63g, 19.1mmo!) in DMF (20ml). Stir 18h and . partition between ether and water. Wash with brine, dry (MgSOi*), concentrate and chromatograph on silica to obtain the piperazine as a white solid. Step 2: Combine 2-methoxyethanol (0.73g, 19.6mmol), with the product of Step 1 (2.S2g, S.Tmmol) in DMF (15ml). Gradually add KO-f-Bu (1.37g, 12.2mmol). Stir 3h, partition between ether and water, dry (MgS04), and concentrate to obtain the ether as a white solid. Step 3: Deprotect the product of Step 2 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, to obtain the compound 57-1 as a yellow oil. Step 1: Cool in ice a solution of 4-bromo-3-fIuoroaniIine (2.76g, 14.5mmoi) in THF (30ml). Add DIPEA (3.1 ml, 17.4mmol) and then allyl chloroformate (1.67ml, 15.2mmoI). Stir 2h and partition between ether and sat. NaHC03. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the carbamate as a yellow oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 (4.00g, 14.6mmol) in CH2CI2 (40ml) with m-chloroperbenzoic acid (-70%, 5.38g, ~20mmol). Stir 18h and wash with sat. NaHC03 (+2g Na2S203). Dry (MgS04), and concentrate to obtain a yellow solid. Wash with 2:1 hexane-CH2CI2 to obtain the epoxide as a yellow solid. Step 3: Heat the product of Step 2 (3.52g) in pyridine (30ml) at reflux 10 min. . Concentrate and partition between CM2CI2 and i N HCI. Wash with i N NaHCOs, dry (MgS04), concentrate and chromatograph on silica to obtain the alcohol as a yellow solid. 1 Step 4: Treat the product of Step 3 with CH3I according to Preparation 5i, Step 1, to obtain the ether as a yellow solid. Step 5: Treat the product of Step 4 with piperazine according to the procedure of Preparation 5. Separate the products by chromatography to obtain the title Step 1: Combine the product of Preparation 13, Step 3 (2.2g, 6.7mmoI) and 2- chloroethyl isocyanate (0.64m!, 7.4mmol) in DMF (30m!). Heat at 60°C 18h, allow to cool and partition with CH2CI2 and water. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the crude urea as a yellow solid. StepJ?: To the crude product of Step i above in DMF (100ml) add NaH (60% in oil, 0.38g, 0.23g NaH, 9.5mmoI). Heat at 60°C 72h, allow to cool, concentrate, and wash with water to obtain the cyclic urea as a yellow solid. Step 3: Deprotect the product of Step 2 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, to Step 1: Cool in ice a solution of glycidol (0.63g, 8.5mmol) in ether (30ml). Add DIPEA (1.6ml, 8.5mmol) and phosgene (1.85M in toluene, 5.8ml, 10.8mmoi). Stir2h, filter, and concentrate. Dissolve in ether (50ml) and add the product of Preparation 13, Step 3 (2.50g, 7.7mmol) and DIPEA (1.6ml, 8.5mmol). Stir 2h, wash with sat. NaHC03, dry (MgS04), and concentrate to obtain the carbamate as a yellow solid. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 as in Preparation 58, Step 3, and chromatograph on silica to obtain the alcohol as a yellow solid. Step 3: Treat the product of Step 2 as in Preparation 58, Step 4, to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 4: Deprotect the product of Step 3 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, to obtain the title compound as a yellow solid. Slept: Treat the ester (1.42g, 7.7mmo!) in DMF (20ml) with NaH (60% in oil, 0.46gf 0.28g NaH, 12mmol) and CH3I (0.62ml, tOmmol). Stir 18h and partition with EtOAc and 5% citric acid. Wash with 1N NaOH, then brine, dry (MgSO*) and concentrate to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (1.43g, 7.2mmoI) and iron powder (0.018g) in CH2CI2 (15ml). Add dropwise Br2 (0.44ml, 8.7mmo!) in CH2CI2 (5ml). Stir 18h and wash with water, then 1N NaOH. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the bromide as a yellow solid. Step 3: Cool in ice a solution of the product of Step 2 (1.15g, 4.1 mmol) in THF (15ml). Add dropwise BH3-Me2S (2.0M in THF, 4.2ml, 8.4mmol). Heat at 60°C 18h, allow to cool, quench with methanol, concentrate and partition with EtOAc and sat. NaHCOs. Wash with water, then brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the alcohol as a yellow oil. Step 4: Convert the product of Step 3 to the TBS ether acccording to Preparation 48, Step 1, to obtain a colorless oil. Step 5: Treat the product of Step 4 with piperazine according to the procedure of Preparation 5 to obtain 65-1 as a yellow solid. For Preparation 65-2, methylate ethyl 5-bromosalicylate and reduce with BH3Me2S. Treat the resulting alcohol according to Preparation 65, Steps 4 and 5, to Step 1: Brominate fluoroveratrole as in the procedure of Preparation 65, Step 2. Step 2: To the product of Step 1 (11.7g, 50mmol) in CH2CI2 (50ml) at 0°C add dropwise BBr3 (7.5ml, 79mmol). Reflux 2h, allow to cool, and partition with ether and water. Dry (MgS04), concentrate and chromalograph on silica to obtain the catechol as a yellow oil. Step 3: Combine the product of Step 2 (5.0g, 24mmol) with bromochloromelhane (4.7g, 36mmol) and Cs2COs (11.8g, 36mmoI) in DMF (60ml). Heat at 110°C 2h, allow to cool, filter, and partition with EtOAc and water. Dry (MgS04), and concentrate to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 4: Treat the product of Step 3 with piperazine according to the procedure of Step 1: Brominate 5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenol according to the procedure of Preparation 65, Step 2, to obtain a yellow solid. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (2.00g, 9.1 mmol). with 2-bromoethyl methyl ether (1.02ml, 10.9mmol) and K2C03 in DMF (15ml). Heat at 90°C 18h, allow to cool, and partition with ether and water. Wash with 1N NaOH, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the ether as a yellow solid. Step 3: Treat the product of Step 2 with piperazine according to the procedure of Step 1: Combine the product of Preparation 30, Step 4 (1.60g, 5.4mmol), with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,3-epoxypropane in DMF (3.0ml) and heat in a sealed tube at 95°C for 20h. Step 1: Methylate 2-brorno-5-fluorophenol according to the procedure of Preparation 33, Step 2, to obtain the ether as a colorless oil. Step 2: Cool the product of Step i (5.36g, 26.1 mmol) in ether (100ml) to -40°C and add dropwise n-BuLi (2.5M in hexane, 14.6ml, 37mmol). Stir 1h, add Cul (2.48g, 13.1 mmol), allow to warm to 0°C, and stir 2h more. Add allyl bromide (3.80g, 31 mmol). Allow to warm, stir 18h, and filter through Celite. Wash with sat. NH4CI, then brine. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the allyl compound as a yellow oil. Step 3: Demethylate the product of Step 2 according to Preparation 66, Step 2, to obtain the phenol as a a yellow oil. Steps 4-5: Treat the product of Step 3 according to the procedure of Preparation 21, Steps 1 and 2, to obtain the ether after chromatography on silica as a colorless oil. Step 6: Brominate the product of Step 5 according to the procedure of Preparation 65, Step 2, to obtain the bromide as a yellow oil. Step 7: Treat the product of Step 2 with piperazine according to the procedure of Preparation 5 to obtain the title compound as a yellow oil. Step 1: To the product of Preparation 13, Step 3 (2.50g, 8.5mmo!) and bis(2-chloroethyl ether (1.33g, 9.3mmol) in EtOH (20ml) add KOH (0,95g, ~14mmoI) in water (15ml). Heat at 95°C 5d, allow to cool, and partition with ether and water. Dry (MgSO4) and concentrate to obtain the morpholine as a yellow solid. Step 2: Deprotect the product of Step 1 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, to obtain the title compound as a yellow solid. Step 2: Dissolve the product of Step 1 (4.00g, 9.2mmo!) in CH2CI2 (25m!). Cool to 0°C and add m-chloroperbenzoic acid (70-75%, 2.00g, ~9mmoI). Stir 4h, wash with sal. NaHC03, dry (MgSO4), concentrate, and chromatograph on silica to obtain the ketone as a white solid. Step 3: To the product of Step 2 (1.07g, 2.4rnmol) in THF (15m!) add NaBH4 (0.090g, 2.4mrnol). Stir 3h, and partition with ether and water. Dry (MgS04), and concentrate to obtain the crude alcohol as a yellow oik Step 4: Dissolve the crude product of Step 3 above in DMF; (5rnl). Add NaH (60% in oil, 0.133g, 0.080g NaH, 3.3mmol), stir lOrnin, and add CH3I (0.16ml, 2.5mmol). Stir ■ 1h and partition with ether and water. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the crude ether as a yellow oil. Step 5: Dissolve the crude product of Step 4 above in TFA (15ml) at 0°C. Stir 0.5h and concentrate. Basify with aq. ammonia and extract with CH2CI2. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the title compound as a yellow oil. Step 1: Treat the product of Preparation 30, Step 4, with methallyl bromide according the the procedure of Preparation 6, Step 1, to obtain the ether as a brown oil. Step 2: To the product of Step 1 (1.75g, 5.0mmol) in f-BuOH (40ml) add N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (4.1 g, 35mmol), pyridine (2.1ml, 26mmol) and water (3ml). Add Os04 (2.5% in f-BuOH, 0.188ml, 0.18mmol). Heat at 75°C 20h, allow to cool, and add 20% NaHS03 (12ml). Concentrate and partition with EtOAc and brine. Dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the diol as a brown oil. Step 3: Deprotect the product of Step 2 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, to obtain the title compound as a brown oil. Step 1: Combine 3'-bromo-4Mluuoroacetophen6ne (2.60g, 12.0mrnol), ethylene gycol (3.3ml, 59mmo!), and TsOHH20 (0.23g, 1.2mmol) in toluene (60ml). Reflux with water separation (Dean-Stark) for 4h, allow to cool, and partition with hexane and 1N NaHC03. Wash with water, then brine, dry (MgS04), and concentrate to obtain the ketal as a colorless oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with piperazine according to the procedure of Preparation 5 to obtain 77-1 as rosettes, mp 53-6°C. Step 1: Combine oxetan-3-ol (prepared according to J. Org. Chem. 1983, 2953, 3.64g, 52mmol) and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (1.9g, 62mmol) in water (10ml) and add NaOH (3/3g, 83mmol) in water (4ml). Stir 2h at RT, then 0.5h at 658C. Filter arid chromatograph the solid on silica to obtain the tosylate as a white solid. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with the product of Preparation 30, Step 4, according to Preparation 6, Step 1 (120°C 1Sh), to obtain the ether as a yellow oil. Step 3: Deprotect the product of Step 2 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, and purify by PLC to obtain 78-1 as a yellow solid. Similarly, convert 1 -(3-hydroxyphenyl)piperazine to the Boc-derivative according to Preparation 13, Step 2, then treat as in Steps 2 and 3 above to obtain Step 1: To (/7)-2-methyl-CBS-oxazaborolidine (1.0M in toluene, 7.1ml, 7.1mmol) add BH3-Me2S (2.0M in THF, 3.0ml, 6.0mmol). Stir 0.5h and cool to -78°C. Add 3'-bromo-4'-fluoroacetophenone (1.50g, 6.9mmol). Allow to warm to -20°C and stir 5h at -20°C. Add slowlyMaOH (20ml) „ Concentrate and chromatograph on silica to • obtain the alcohol as a colorless oil. Steps 2 and 3: Convert the product of Step 1 to 81-1 according to Preparation 48, modifying the work-up of the piperazine reaction by concentrating, partitioning with CH2CI2 and water, drying (MgSO4}), and concentrating to obtain the product TBS-elher 81-1 as a yellow oil. (2.5M in hexane, i 5.1 ml, 30.2mmol). Stir O.oh and add dropwise 2-brornofIuoro-benzene (6.00g, 34.3mmo!) in THF (5ml). Stir 2h and add trimethylsilyl chloride (4.92ml, 37.7rnmoI). Stir 2h, allow to warm, and stir 18h. Concentrate, partition with hexane and water, wash with brine, dry (MgS04) and concentrate to obtain the silane as a yellow oil. Step 2: Cool to 0°C a suspension of AICI3 (4.57g, 34.3mmol) in CH2CI2 (30m!) and add acetyl chloride (2.44ml, 34.3mmol). Stir 10min and add the product of Step 1 (7.70g, 31.1mmol)inCH2CI2(10ml). Stir 5h and add 1N HCI. DrytheCH2CI2 (MgSCU), and concentrate to obtain the ketone as a yellow oil. Steps 3 and 4: Convert the product of Step 2 into the silyl enol-ether according to Preparation 75, Step 1, then react with piperazine according to Preparation 5 to obtain 86-1 as a yellow solid. Reduce 1-(3-bromophenyl)-2-propanone according to Preparation 33, Step 1, and treat the alcohol according to Preparation 48 to obtain 87-1 as a yellow oil. Similarly, convert 1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-propanone to Preparation 87-2, a yellow solid, and convert 3-bromo-5-acety!pyridine to Preparation 87-3, a yellow oil. Treat 1,3-dibrornobenzene with 1.1 equivalents morpholine under the conditions of Preparation 5. Treat the resulting aryl-morpholine with piperazine under Step 1: Treat 3-bromothioanisole with 1.2 equivalents N-Boc-piperazine under the conditions of Preparation 5 to obtain the Boc-piperazine as a brown oil. Step 2: To the product of Step 1 (1.50g, 4.9mmol) in CH2CI2 (25ml) add m-chloro- perbenzoic acid (-70%, 1.68g, -1 Ommol). Stir 2h, wash with sat NaHCC>3, dry (MgS04), concentrate and chromatograph on silica to obtain the sulfoxide as a yellow oil. Step 3: Deprotect the product of Step 2 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, and purify by PLC to obtain 92-1 as a yellow oil. For the analogous sulfone, treat the product of Step 1 with 3.5 equivalents m-chloro-perbenzoic acid to provide the sulfone N-oxide as a brown oil. Treat with TFA Step 1: To 3'-bromo-4'-fluoroacetophenone (3.00g, 13.8mmo!) in CH2CI2 (15m!) and acetic acid (0.5m!) at 10°C add dropwise bromine (2.43g, 15.2mmoI) in CH2CI2. (20rni). Stir 15min and concentrate to obtain the crude bromide as a yellow oil. Step 2: Cool to 0°C a suspension of samarium powder (6.24g, 41.5mmoI) in THF (40ml). Combine the crude product of Step 1 above with CH2I2 (11.1 g, 41.5mmol) in THF (60m!) and acid dropwise to the suspension. Stir 0.5h and add slowly 1N HCI (200ml). Extract with ether, dry (MgS04), concentrate and chromatograph on silica to obtain the cyclopropanol as a yellow oil. Step 3: React the product of Step 2 with piperazine according to Preparation 5 and Step 1: Cool to 0°C the oxidizing mixture AD-mix-p (reagent for Sharpless Asymmetric Dihydroxylation obtained from Aldrich Chemical Co. Milwaukee, Wl) (15.3g) in 1:1 aq. f-BuOH (100ml). Add /77-bromostyrene (2.00g, 10.9mmol).. Stir at 0°C 8h, and allow to warm over 18h. Add Na2S03 (16.0g) and EtOAc (100ml). Stir 0.5h, separate the organic, dry (MgS04), concentrate and chromatograph on silica to obtain the diol as a yellow oil. Step 2: Treat the product of Step 1 with 1.0 equivalent TBS-CI according to Preparation 48, Step 1, to obtain the TBS ether as a yellow oil. Step 3: Methylate product of Step 2 with according to Preparation 33, Step 2, to obtain the methyl ether as a yellow oil. Step 4: React the product of Step 2 with piperazine according to Preparation 5 and chromatograph on silica to obtain 97-1 as a dark oil. Similarly, employ AD-mix-a (also obtained from Aldrich) to obtain thf to the Boc-derivative. Slep 2: Reduce the product of Step 1 with BH3Me2S according to Preparation 65, Step 3, and chromatogrqph on silica to obtain the amine as a yellow oil. Step 3: Cool to 0°C the product of Step 2 (2.00g, 6.9mmo!) and Et3N (1.15ml, 8.3mmol) in THF (15ml). Add methyl chloroformate (0.53ml, 6.9mrnol). Stir at 0°C 2h, partition with EtOAc and sat. NaHC03, dry (MgSOij), and concentrate to obtain the carbamate as a yellow oil. Step 4: Deprotect the product of Step 3 according to Preparation 26, Step 4, to obtain 99-1 as a yellow oil. In similar fashion, starting with the product of Preparation 42, produce Preparation 99-2, a yellow oil. Step 1: To crotonic acid (0.024g, 0.28mmol) in DMF (3ml) add EDCI (0.055g, 0.28mmol), HOBtH20 (0.038g, 0.28mmol), and N-methylmorpholine (0.031ml, 0.28mmol). Then add the product of Preparation 2 (0.1 OOg, 0.23mmol). Stir 18h, concentrate, and purify by PLC to provide the hydrazide as a yellow solid. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (0.062g, 0.13mmo!) and BSA (6.0ml). Heat at 120°C 18h, concentrate and treat with CH3OH (20ml) and water (1.0ml). Reflux 30min. and evaporate. Purify by PLC to provide the title compound as a white solid, MS:m/e478(M+1). Step 1: To 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propynoic acid (0.20g, 86mmol) in EtOAc (10ml) add N-methylmorpholine (0.15ml, 1.4mmol), followed by isopropyl chloroformaie (1.0M in toluene, 1.4ml, 1.4mmol). After 2h, wash with water, then satd. NaHC03. Dry (MaS04) and concentrate to provide the mixed anhydride as a light brown oil. Combine this oil (O.30g, 3mmol) with the product of Preparation 3 (0.51 g, 1.3mmol) in THF (15rnl). Stir , concentrate, and purify by PLC to obtain the hydrazide as a yellow solid. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (0.25g, 0.49mmol) and BSA (6.0rnl). Heat at 120°C 2h and concentrate. Heat with CH3OH (20ml) 20min and concentrate. Dissolve in EtOH (30m!) and add K2C03 (0.20g, 1.5mmol). Heat at 40°C 40min. Allow to cool and add CH2CI2 (30ml). Filter to obtain the title compound as a yellow solid, MS: m/e 424 (M+1). In a similar fashion, from 2-chloroacrylic acid, but omitting the K2C03 treatment in Step 2, prepare Example 2-2, a white solid, MS: m/e 460, 462 (M+1). Step i: Convert 4-acid into the mixed anhydride and combine with the product of Preparation 3 according to the procedure of Example 2, Step 1, to yield the crude hydrazide as a yellow solid. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (0.50g, 0.85mmol) and BSA (6.0ml). Heat at 120°C 2h and concentrate. Heat the residue with CH3OH for 20 min. Concentrate and purify the product on PLC to obtain the silylated form of the final product as a white solid. To a solution of this material (0.062g^ 0.11 mmol) in THF (3ml), add TBAF (1.0M in THF, 0.13ml, 0.13mmol). Stir 1h, concentrate, and treat with CH3OH (5ml). Filter to obtain the title compound as a white solid, MS: m/e 454 (M+1). Step 1: To 2-(2-propynyloxy)tetrahydropyran (5.00g, 35.7mmoI) in THF (40ml) at -78°C, add dropwise n-BuLi (2.5M in hexane, 17.1ml, 42.8mmol). Stir 20min. at -78°C and add dropwise ethyl chloroformate (3.41ml, 35.7mmol). Allow to warm to 0°C, stir 1.5h, and add water (50ml). Extract with Et20, dry (MgS04), and filter through a pad of silica. Concentrate, and distill at 100-110°C/0.5mm to obtain the ester as a colorless oil. Step 2: Combine the product of Step 1 (5.45g, 25.7mmol) and TsOH-H20 (0.15g) in EtOH (30ml). Heat at reflux 2h, allow to cool, and concentrate. Partition between CH2CI2 and satd. NaHC03. Dry (M0SO4), concentrate, and Kugelrohr distill at 70-90°C/0.5mm to obtain the ester-alcohol as a colorless oil. Step 3: Cool to -78°C a solution of DAST (3.57g, 22.1 mmo!) in CH2CI2 (6m!) and add dropwise the product of Step 2 (2.83g, 22.1 mmol) in CH2CI2 (2ml). Stir at -78°C 45 min., thenatRT2h. Add slowly water (15ml). Extract with CH2CI2, dry (MgS04), concentrate, and Kuoelrohr distill at 50-80°C/7mm to obtain the fluoroester as a colorless oil. Step 4: Combine the product of Step 3 (0.21 g, 1.6mmo!) and trirnethylsilyl iodide (0.30ml, 1.9mmol) in a pressure tube, seal and heat at 70°C 18h. Allow to cool and add water (20ml) and NaHC03 (0.6g). Wash with Et20 and acidify the aqueous layer with citric acid (17g). Extract with Et20, dry (Mg SO4), and concentrate to obtain the acid as a yellow oil, contaminated with HI addition product. Step 5: Convert the crude product of Step 4 (0.19g, ~2mmol) into the mixed anhydride according to the procedure of Example 2, Step 1. To the crude mixed anhydride (0.26g, -1.5mmol) in THF (20ml) add the product of Preparation 3 (0.40g, 1 .Ommol). After 1h, concentrate and purify by PLC to obtain the crude hydrazide product, contaminated with the 4-fluoro-3-iodobutenoyl hydrazide. Step 6: Combine the crude product of Step 5 (0.15g, -0,2mmol) with BSA (6ml) and heat at 120°C 18h. Concentrate and heat the residue with CH3OH (20ml) and water (1ml) 20 min. Concentrate and purify by PLC to obtain the crude product. Dissolve in THF, cool to 0°C, and add KO-f-Bu (0.05g). Stir 30 min, add water (0.1 ml), concentrate, and purify on PLC to obtain the title compound as a white solid, MS: m/e Combine the product of Preparation 4 (0.1 OOg, 0.36mmol), 1-(3,4-difuorophenyl)piperazine (0.144g, 0.72mmol), and Kl (0.060g, 0.36mmol) in DMF (5ml). Heat at 90°C 48h. Concentrate and purify by PLC to obtain the title compound as a yellow solid, MS: rn/e 438 (M+1). In similar fashion, employing either known aryl-piperazines or those described in the Preparations section, prepare the following compounds: Oxidize the product of Example 5-88 with with Dess-Martin periodinane in CH2CI2 and treat the resulting ketone with hydroxylamine as in Exampe 21. Purify by PLC to give the title compound as a yellow solid, MS: m/e 531 (M+1). Because of their adenosine A2a receptor antagonist activity, compounds of the present invention are useful in the treatment of depression, cognitive function diseases and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, senile dementia as in Alzheimer's disease, psychoses of organic origin, attention deficit disorders, EPS, dystonia, RLS and PLMS. In particular, the compounds of the present invention can improve motor-impairment due to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. The other aoents known to be useful in the treatment of Parkinson's disease that can be administered in combination with the compounds of formula I include: L-DOPA; dopaminergic- agonists such as quinpirole, ropinirole, pramipexole, pergolide and bromocriptine; MAOB inhibitors such as deprenyl and selegiline; DOPA decarboxylase inhibitors such as carbidopa and benserazide; and COMT inhibitors such as tolcapone and entacapone. In this specification, the term "at least one compound of formula r means that one to three different compounds of formula I may be used in a pharmaceutical composition or method of treatment. Preferably one compound of formula I is used. ■ Similarly, "one or more agents useful in the treatment of Parkinson's disease" means that one to three different agents, preferably one agent, may be used in a pharmaceutical composition or method of treatment. Preferably, one agent is used in combination with one compound of formula I. The pharmacological activity of the compounds of the invention was determined by the following in vitro and in vivo assays to measure A2a receptor activity. Human Adenosine A?* and Ai Receptor Competition Binding Assay Protocol Membrane sources: A2a: Human A2a Adenosine Receptor membranes, Catalog #RB-HA2a, Receptor Biology, Inc., Beltsville, MD. Dilute to 17/yg/100/yl in membrane dilution buffer (see below). Assay Buffers: Membrane dilution buffer: Dulbecco's Phosphate Buffered Saline (Gibco/BRL) + 10mMMgCI2. Compound Dilution Buffer: Dulbecco's Phosphate Buffered Saline (Gibco/BRL) + 10 mM MgCI2 supplemented with 1.6 mg/ml methyl cellulose and 16% DMSO. Prepared fresh daily. Ligands: A2a: [3HJ-SCH 58261, custom synthesis, AmershamPharmacia Biotech, Piscataway, NJ. Stock is prepared at 1 nM in membrane dilution buffer. Final assay concentration is 0.5 nM. Ai: [3H]- DPCPX, AmershamPharmacia Biotech, Piscataway, NJ. Stock is prepared at 2 nM in membrane dilution buffer. Final assay concentration is 1 nM. Non-specific Binding: A2a: To determine non-specific binding, add 100 nM CGS 15923 (RBI, Natick, MA). Working stock is prepared at 400 nM in compound dilution buffer. Ai: To determine non-specific binding, add 100//M NECA (RBI, Natick, MA). Working stock is prepared at 400 yuM in compound dilution buffer. Compound Dilution: Prepare 1 mM stock solutions of compounds in 100% DMSO. Dilute in compound dilution buffer. Test at 10 concentrations ranging from 3 ΜM to 30 pM. Prepare working solutions at 4X final concentration in compound, dilution buffer. Assay procedure: Perform assays in deep well 96 well plates. Total assay volume is 200 μm. Add 50μl compound dilution buffer (total ligand binding) or 50ΜL CGS 15923 working solution (A2a non-specific binding) or 50 ΜL NECA working solution (A- non-specific binding) or 50ΜL of drug working solution. Add 50 μl ligand stock ([3H]-SCH 58261 for A2a, [3H]- DPCPX for Add 100μl of diluted membranes containing the appropriate receptor. Mix. Incubate at room temperature for 90 minutes. Harvest using a Brandei cell harvester onto Packard GF/B filter plates. Add 45 μI Microscint 20 (Packard), and count using the Packard TopCount Microscintillation Counter. Determine IC50 values by fitting the displacement curves using an iterative curve fitting program (Excel). Determine Ki values using the Cheng-Prusoff equation. Haloperidol-induced catalepsy in the rat Male Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River, Calco, Italy) weighing 175-200 g are used. The cataleptic state is induced by the subcutaneous administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol (1 mg/kg, sc), 90 min before testing the animals on the vertical grid test. For this test, the rats are placed on the wire mesh cover of a 25x43 plexiglass cage placed at an angle of about 70 degrees with the bench table. The rat is placed on the grid with all four legs abducted and extended ("frog posture"). The use of such an unnatural posture is essential for the specificity of this test for catalepsy. The time span from placement of the paws until the first complete removal of one paw (descent latency) is measured maximally for 120 sec. The selective A2A adenosine antagonists under evaluation are administered orally at doses ranging between 0.03 and 3 mg/kg, 1 and 4 h before scoring the animals. In separate experiments, the anticataleptic effects of the reference compound, L-DOPA (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, ip), were determined. 6-OHPA Lesion of the Middle Forebrain Bundle in Rats Adult male Sprague-Dowley rats (Charles River, Calco, Como, Italy), weighing 275-300 g, are used in all experiments. The rats are housed in groups of 4 per cage, with free access to food and water, under controlled temperature and 12 hour light/ dark cycle. The day before the surgery the rats are fasted over night with water ad libitum. Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the middle forebrain bundle is performed according to the method described by Ungerstedt et al. (Brain Research, 1971, 6-OHDA and Cathecolarnine Neurons, North Holland, Amsterdam, 101-127), with minor changes. Briefly, the animals are anaesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg, ip) and treated with desipramine (10 mpk, ip) 30 min'prior to 6-OHDA injection in order to block the uptake of the toxin by the noradrenergic terminals. Then, the animals are placed in a stereotaxic frame. The skin over the skull is reflected and the stereotaxic coordinates (-2.2 posterior from bregma (AP), +1.5 lateral from bregma (ML), 7.8 ventral from dura (DV) are taken, according io the atlas of Pellegrino et al (Pellegrino L.J., Pellegrino A.S. and Cushman A J., A Stereotaxic Atlas of the Rat Brain, 1979, New York: Plenum Press). A burr hole is then placed in the skull over the lesion site and a needle, attached to a Hamilton syringe, is lowered into the left MFB. Then 8 fig 6-OHDA-HCI is dissolved in 4 μl of saline with 0.05% ascorbic acid as antioxidant, and infused at the constant flow rate of 1 μl /1 min using an infusion pump. The needle is withdrawn after additional 5 min and the surgical wound is closed and the animals left to recover for 2 weeks. Two weeks after the lesion the rats are administered with L-DOPA (50 mg/kg, ip) plus Benserazide (25 mg/kg, ip) and selected on the basis of the number of full contralateral turns quantified in the 2 h testing period by automated rotameters (priming tesf). Any rat not showing at least 200 complete turns /2h is not included in the study. Selected rats receive the test drug 3 days after the priming test (maximal dopamine receptor supersensitivity). The new A2A receptor antagonists are administered orally at dose levels ranging between 0.1 and 3 mg/kg at different time points (i.e., 1, 6,12 h) before the injection of a subthreshold dose of L-DOPA (4 mpk, ip) plus benserazide (4 mpk, ip) and the evaluation of turning behavior. Using the above test procedures, the following results were obtained for preferred and/or representative compounds of the invention. Results of the binding assay on compounds of the invention showed A2a Ki values of 0.3 to 57 nM, with preferred compounds showing Ki values between 0.3 and 5.0 nM. Compound 1-17 had a Ki of 2.2 nM; compound 5-4 had a Ki of 2.3 nM; compound 5-117 had a Ki of 0.5 nM; and compound 5-124 had a Ki of 0.6 nM. Selectivity is determined by dividing Ki for A1 receptor by Ki for A2a receptor. Preferred compounds of the invention have a selectivity ranging from about 100 to about 2000. Preferred compounds showed a 50-75% decrease in descent latency when tested orally at 1 mg/kg for anti-cataleptic activity in rats. In the 6-OHDA lesion test, rats dosed orally with 1 mg/kg of the preferred compounds performed 170-440 turns in the two-hour assay period. In the haloperidol-induced catalepsy test, a combination of sub-threshold amount of a compound of formula I and a sub-threshold amount of L-DOPA showed a significant inhibition of the catalepsy, indicating a synergistic effect. In the 6-OHDA lesion test, test animals administered a combination of a compound of formula I and a sub-threshold amount of L-DOPA demonstrated significantly higher contralateral turning. For preparing pharmaceutical compositions from the compounds described by this invention, inert, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can be either solid or liquid. Solid form preparations include powders, tablets, dispersible granules, capsules, cachets and suppositories. The powders and tablets may be comprised of from about 5 to about 70 percent active ingredient. Suitable solid carriers are known in the art, e.g. magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate, talc, sugar, lactose. Tablets, powders, cachets and capsules can be used as solid dosage forms suitable for oral administration. For preparing suppositories, a low melting wax such as a mixture of fatty acid glycerides or cocoa butter is first melted, and the active ingredient is dispersed homogeneously therein as by stirring. The molten homogeneous mixture is then poured into convenient sized molds, allowed to cool and thereby solidify. Liquid form preparations include solutions, suspensions and emulsions. As an example may be mentioned water or water-propylene glycol solutions for parenteral injection. Liquid form preparations may also include solutions for intranasal administration. Aerosol preparations suitable for inhalation may include solutions and solids in powder form, which may be in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, such as an inert compressed gas. Also included are solid form preparations which are intended to be converted, shortly before use, to liquid form preparations for either oral or parenteral administration. Such liquid forms include solutions, suspensions and emulsions. The compounds of the invention may also be deliverable transdermally. The transdermal compositions can take the form of creams, lotions, aerosols and/or emulsions and can be included in a transdermal patch of the matrix or reservoir type as are conventional in the art for this purpose. Preferably the compound is administered orally. Preferably, the pharmaceutical preparation is in unit dosage form. In such form, the preparation is subdivided into unit doses containing appropriate quantities of the active component, e.g., an effective amount to achieve the desired purpose. The quantity of active compound of formula I in a unit dose of preparation may be varied or adjusted from about 0.1 mg to 1000 mg, more preferably from about 1 mg to 300 mg, according to the particular application. The actual dosage employed may be varied depending upon the requirements of the patient and the severity of the condition being treated. Determination of the proper dosage for a particular situation is within the skill of the art. Generally, treatment is initiated with smaller dosages which are less than the optimum dose of the compound. Thereafter, the dosage is increased by small increments until the optimum effect under the circumstances is reached. For convenience, the total daily dosage may be divided and administered in portions during the day if desired. The amount and frequency of administration of the compounds of the invention and the pharmaceutical^ acceptable salts thereof will be regulated according to the judgment of the attending clinician considering such factors as age, condition and size of the patient as well as severity of the symptoms being treated. A typical recommended dosage regimen for compounds of formula i is oral administration of from 10 mg to 2000 mg/day preferably 10 to 1000 mg/day, in two to four divided doses to provide relief from central nervous system diseases such as Parkinson's disease or the other disease or conditions listed above. The doses and dosage regimen of the dopaminergic agents will be determined by the attending clinician in view of the approved doses and dosage regimen in the package insert, taking into consideration the age, sex and condition of the patient and the severity of the disease. It is expected that when the combination of a compound of formula I and a dopaminergic agent is administered, lower doses of the components will be effective compared to the doses of the components administered as monotherapy. While the present invention has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments set forth above, many alternatives, modifications and variations thereof will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. AH such alternatives, modifications and variations are intended to fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. R10 is 1 to 5 substiluents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy-alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxy-alkoxy-alkyl-, (di-alkoxy)-alkyl, (hydroxy)-alkoxyalkyl, R15-cycloalkyl, R15-cycloalkyIalkyl, cycloalkyl-oxy, cycloalkyl-O-alkoxy, aIkyl-S02-, alkyl-SO, halo, -CN, cyanoalkyl, -CHF2, -CF3, -OCHF2) -OCF3, -C(0)R13, -0-alkylene-C(0)OR13, -C(0)0-alkyl, -N(R11)(R12), N(R11)(R12)-alkyl, N(R11)(R12)-alkoxy, -C(0)N(R13)(R16), R11-heteroaryl, R15-heterocycloalkyl, R15-heterocycloalkyl-alkyl, R15-heterocycloalkyl-alkoxy, R15-heterocycloalkyl-oxy, CF3-alkylene-0-aIkyl, CF3-hydroxyalkyl, (CFs)(hydroxy)alkoxy, cyano-alkoxy, -alkylene-C(0)-0-alkyl, -S02-N(alkyl)2, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, (hydroxyalkyl)alkoxy, (dihydroxy)alkyl, (dihydroxy)alkoxy, -C(=NOR17)-alkyl and -C(=NOR17)-CF3; or two R10 groups on adjacent carbon ring atoms together form -0-CH2-0-, -0-(CH2)2-0-, -CH2-0-(CH2)2-O-, -0-(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-0-, -0-(CH2)3-0-, -(CH2)3-, wherein the ring formed by the two R10 substituents and the ring carbon atoms to which they are attached is substituted by R16; or two R10 groups on adjacent carbon ring atoms together form -N(R11)-C{0)-0-, -N(R")-C(0)-S-f -(CH2)2CH(OR18)-, -CH2CH(OR18)CH2-, -(CH2)3CH(OR18)-, -(CH2)2CH(OR18)CH2-, -(CH2)2C(0)-, -CH2C(0)CH2-, -(CH2)3C(0)-, -(CH2>2C(0)CHr, -0(CH2)2CH(OR18)- or -OCH2CH(OR18)CH2-, wherein the ring formed by two R10 substituents and the ring carbon atoms to which they are attached is optionally substituted on a carbon atom by hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl; each Rl1 is independently selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl; each R12 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, -C(0)-aIkyI, -C(0)0-alkyl, (alkoxy)hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl-C(O)-, -S02alkyl, -alkylene-C(0)alkyI and -alkylene-C(0)OaIkyl; R13isH, alkyl or-CF3; R14 is H, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkyl-C(O)- or alkoxy-C(O)-; R15 is 1 to 3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, -OH, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl and hydroxyalkyl; or two R15 substituents, taken together with the carbon to which they are both attached, form a -C(=0)- group; R16 is H, alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, OH or hydroxyalkyl; R17 is H or alkyl; and R18 is H or alkyl. 2. A compound of claim 1 wherein R is -C=CR6. 3. A compound of claim 2 wherein R6 is H or alkyl. 4. A compound of claim 1 wherein R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each H. 5. A compound of claim 1 wherein Z is R10-aryl or R10-heteroaryl. 6. A compound of claim 5 wherein Z is R10-phenyl. 7. A compound of claim 6 wherein R10 is 1, 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, -C(0)R13, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, and cyanoalkyK 8. A compound of claim 7 comprisingtwo R10 substituents wherein one R10 is halo and the other R10 is halo, -C(0)R13, alky!, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or cyanoalkyl. 9. A compound of claim 3 comprising two R10 substituents wherein one R10 is o- fluoro and the other R10 is halo, -C(0)R13, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyi) hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, aIkox7alkyl or cyanoalkyl. 10. A compound of claim 5 wherein Z is R10-heteroaryl. 11. A compound of claim 10 wherein Z is R10-benzoxazolyl or R10-benzisoxazolyl and R10 is 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo and alkyl. 12. A compound of claim 11 wherein one R10 is fluoro and one R10 is methyl. 13. A compound of claim 1 wherein R is -OCR6, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each H, and Z is R10-ary! or R10-heteroaryl. 14. A compound of claim 13 wherein Z is R10-phenyl and R10 is two substituents wherein one R10 is halo and the other R10 is halo, -C(0)R13, alky!, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, (cycloalkyl)hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or cyanoalkyl. 15. A compound of claim 13 wherein Z is R10-benzoxazolyl or R10-benzisoxazolyl and R10 is 1 or 2 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo and alkyl. 17. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of claim 1 in a pharmaceutical^ acceptable carrier. 18. A method of treating central nervous system diseases or stroke, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound of formula I to a mammal in need of such treatment. 19. A method of claim 13 for treating depression, cognitive diseases or neurodegenerative diseases. 20. A method of claim 18 for treating Parkinson's disease, senile dementia, psychoses of organic origin, attention deficit disorder, Extra Pyramidal Syndrome, dystonia, restless leg syndrome or periodic limb movement in sleep. 21. The use of a compound of claim 1 for the preparation of a medicament for treating central nervous system diseases or stroke. 22. The use of claim 21 for treating depression, cognitive diseases or r neurodegenerative diseases. 23. The use of claim 21 for treating Parkinson's disease, senile dementia, psychoses of organic origin, attention deficit disorder, Extra Pyramidal Syndrome, dystonia, restless leg syndrome or periodic limb movement in sleep. 24. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a combination of a compound of claim 1, and 1 to 3 other agents useful in treating Parkinson's disease in a pharmaceutical^ acceptable carrier. 25. A method of treating Parkinson's disease comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment an effective amount of a combination of a compound of claim 1, and 1 to 3 other agents useful in treating Parkinson's disease. 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the other agents are selected from the group consisting of L-DOPA, dopaminergic agonists, MAO-B inhibitors, DOPA decarboxylase inhibitors and COMT inhibitors. 27. The use of a compound of claim 1 for the preparation of a medicament for treating Parkinson's Disease, in combination withl to 3 other agents useful in treating Parkinson's disease.

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3116-CHENP-2005 CLAIMS GRANTED.pdf

3116-CHENP-2005 CORRESPONDENCE OTHERS.pdf

3116-CHENP-2005 CORRESPONDENCE PO.pdf

3116-CHENP-2005 FORM 1.pdf

3116-CHENP-2005 PETITIONS.pdf

3116-CHENP-2005 POWER OF ATTORNEY.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-abstract.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-assignement.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-claims.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-correspondnece-others.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-correspondnece-po.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-description(complete).pdf

3116-chenp-2005-form 1.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-form 18.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-form 3.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-form 5.pdf

3116-chenp-2005-pct.pdf