Title of Invention	"AN IMPROVED HYBRID RING"
Abstract	This invention relates to an improved hybrid ring, particularly the invention relates to an improved hybrid ring in bilateral finline for operation at lower range of millimeter wave frequencies, and casing for the same. The hybrid ring comprises a ring structure provided with a plurality of ports. The casing comprises an upper block secured with a lower block.

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FIELD OF THE INVENTION: The present invention relates to an improved hybrid ring. PRIOR ART: 3 dB matched hybrid rings function as 'in-phase' and 'out-of-phase' power 'dividers' and 'combiners'. Such known hybrid rings find extensive applications, such as, in balanced mixers and monopulse comparators. At microwave frequencies, they are generally made in planar transmission lines such as microstrip, slotline or coplanar lines which makes them easier for integration with other microwave integrated circuit components. But, when required for operation in the millimeter wave frequency range, the hybrid rings fabricated in such lanar transmission lines tend to be excessively lossy. An alternative transmission medium, which is well suited for the realization of components at millimeter wave frequencies, as known in the prior art, is the quasi-planar finline. The drawback of such known hybrid rings of the prior art in quasi-planar finline is their extremely small size, which makes them extremely difficult to fabricate, particularly by the economical industrial process, hence, limiting their applications in the desired frequency region. Yet another alternative is a variety of passive and active millimeter wave components which have been realized in finline configurations, but the availability of hybrid rings in finline, particularly in bilateral finlirie is very limited. The hybrid rings in finline configurations matching 3 dB power division, have advantages of low loss and amenability for integration at millimeter wave frequencies, over other known such hybrid rings in other such known configurations. However, known such hybrid rings in finlines for application at millimeter wave frequencies have the disadvantage of exceptionally small size. The drawback of such known hybrid rings of exceptionally small size is that, their fabrication is extremely difficult owing to their small size, and yet another drawback of such known hybrid rings is their cost of fabrication, which is extremely high. OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION; An object of the present invention is to propose an improved hybrid ring, particularly of an improved hybrid ring for use at millimeter or lower range of millimeter. Another object of the present invention is to propose an improved 3 dB matched hybrid ring in finline, particularly of an improved 3 dB matched hybrid ring in bilateral finline. Yet another object of the present invention is to propose an improved 3 dB hybrid ring in finline, particlarly of an improved 3 dB hybrid ring in bilateral finline for operation at higher frequency range, particularly of an improved 3 dB hybrid ring in bilateral finline for operation at millimeter wave frequency range and of the casing for the same. Still another object of this invention is to propose an improved hybrid ring for Ka-band frequency having small yet convenient size and casing thereof, which in turn are easy to fabricate on industrial scale, and yet giving an optimized performance even at higher frequencies, particularly at lower range of millimeter wave frequencies. STATEMENT OF INVENTION: According to this invention there is provided an improved hybrid ring characterised in that a ring structure, provided with four ports (arms) radial to the outer circumferences of the ring and a casing comprising of an upper block and lower block wherein the ring is metallized on its inner and outer circumference. According to the presently disclosed invention, the hybrid ring mainly comprises of a ring structure, which in turn comprises of a central hole. The outer circumference and the inner circumference of the ring structure are metallised to the limited width. Radial to the ring's outer circumference there are four arms, extending away from the outer circumference of the ring. Each arm, named as port, is also metallised at its outer surfaces, reffered as outer ends herein below, to a limited width towards the inner end of towards the centre line of the port. The metallised outer surfaces of each port are in continuation with metallised outer circumference of the ring structure in such a way that the non-metallised part of the each port is in continuation with the non-metallised part of the ring structure. The metallisation of the outer circumference of the ring structure is thus discontinued at the joining part of the each port with the ring structure. The hybrid ring according to the present invention has essentially the exactly similar metallisation, as described herein above, on the opposite faces. The hybrid ring in accordance to the present invention is preferably made of a dielectric substrate, which in turn has a dielectric constant in the range of 2 to 3, preferably of value 2.22 and is metallised on both the outer sides of the substrate, with a highly conducting metal, such as copper, silver or gold. In accordance to the present invention, the casing of the presently disclosed invention comprises of mainly two blocks, named as upper block and lower block. The upper and lower blocks, as disclosed herein below, have multiface structures, with a minimum of four faces, one face for each of the four ports and preferably of seven faces to minimize the size. According to the preferred embodiment of this invention three faces, the faces without any port, are of smaller width and another four faces, the faces with one port, are of larger width. The faces with larger width are of approximately twice the width of the faces with smaller width. Yet according to this invention the upper and the lower blocks have V flat outer surfaces and grooved inner surfaces. The outer flat surfaces are identical and inner grooved surfaces, facing each other when the device is assembled, are made to accommodate the proposed hybrid ring. The upper and lower blocks are provided with threaded holes, preferably the upper block is provided with the non-threaded and the lower is essentially provided with the threaded holes for accommodating the assembly screws, and also for connecting waveguide flanges and non-threaded grooves to accommodate the alignment pins. The lower block is provided with under cuts /flat and angular grooves, preferably the angle between the two faces of the groove is 90 degree, to accommodate the proposed hybrid ring. One of the faces of the grooves is vertical and the another face is horizontal. The preferred embodiments as explained herein above and other embodiments as explained herein below will be more apparent, if the description of the present invention is read in conjunction with the following drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the presently disclosed invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES : Figure 1a shows the top view of the hybrid ring according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The bottom view corresponds with the top view of the hybrid ring. Figure 1b shows the one end view of the port / arm of the hybrid ring according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1c shows the one top view of the port / arm of the hybrid ring according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1d shows the top view of the hybrid ring according to another preferred embodiments of the present invention. The bottom view corresponds with the top view of the hybrid ring. Figure 1e shows the one top view of the port / arm of the hybrid ring according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2a shows the top view of the outer surface of the upper block. Figure 2b shows the one end view of the face 40 of the upper block as shown in the figure 2a. Figure 2c shows the one end view of the face 37 of the upper block as shown in the figure 2a. Figure 3a shows the top view of the inner surface of the upper block. Figure 3b shows the one end view of the face 35 of the upper block as shown in the figure 3a. Figure 3c shows the one end view of the face 34 of the upper block as shown in the figure 3a. Figure 4 shows the top view of the outer surface of the lower block. Figure 5a shows the top view of the inner surface of the lower block. Figure 5b shows the one end view of the face 40 of the lower block as shown in the figure 5a. Figure 5c shows the one end view of the face 34 of the lower block as shown in the figure 5a. Figure 6a shows the top view of hybrid ring, according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention as shown in figure 1a, placed on the lower (inner) surface of the lower block shown in figure 5a. Figure 6b shows the one end view of hybrid ring, according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention as shown in figure 1a, placed on the lower (inner) surface of the lower block shown in figure 5a, from the face 40. Figure 7a shows the top view of hybrid ring, according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention as shown in figure 1d, placed on the lower (inner) surface of the lower block shown in figure 5a. Figure 7b shows the one end view of hybrid ring, according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention as shown in figure 1d, placed on the lower (inner) surface of the lower block shown in figure 5a, from the face 40. Figure 8 shows the top side perspective view of the assembled device. The internal features are not shown in this figure. DESCRIPTION WITH REF. ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION j In accordance with the present invention, the hybrid ring (1) mainly comprises of ring structure (2), which in-tum comprises of a central hole (3), and outer circumference (4) and inner circumference (5). The outer circumference (4) and inner circumference (5) are metallised. The metallisation extends towards opposite ends 6 and 7 respectively upto certain width 8. Radial to the outer circumference (4) of the ring structure (2), there are four arms named as port (9,10,11,12), extending away from the outer circumference (4) of the ring structure (2). Each port (9,10,11,12) comprises of outer end (13), the end away from outer circumference (4); and an inner end (14), the end towards the outer circumference (4) of the ring structure (2) and two parallel and opposite sides 15 and 16. Each port (9,10,1 1 & 12) is also metallised and metallisation extends from the opposite sides (15 & 16) towards the ends 17 and 18 respectively upto the certain width (19). The metallisation of each port leaves non-metallised part (20) in the centre arid metallised part (21) on the two opposite ends of each port (9,10,11 & 12). The non-metallised part (20) of each port (9,10,11 or 12) continues with the non-metallised part (22) of the ring structure (2). The metallised part (21) of each port continues with metallised part (23) of outer circumference (4) of the ring structure (2). Therefore, the metallisation (23) of the outer circumference (4) of the ring structure (2) discontinues at the joining point (24) of inner end (14) of each port (9,10,11 and 12) and outer circumference (4) of the ring structure (2). However, the metallisation at the inner circumference (5) of the ring structure (2) forms the continuous ring (25). The port (9,10,11 or 12) at its outer end (13) or at cross section A-A' looks as shown in figure 1b. The non-metallised part (20) of the port (9,10,11 or 12) has certain width 26 and thickness 27 and opposite ends 15 and 16. The metallised part (21) is seen only towards opposite ends 15 and 16, and it (21) comprises of certain width 19 and thickness 28. Figure 1a shows the hybrid ring (1) comprising of ring structure (2) and four ports (9,10,11 & 12) according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the opposite sides 15 and 16, and inner ends 17 and 18 of metallised part (21) are parallel to each other as shown in figure 1c, which in-tum shows the enlarged view of one of the ports (9,10,11 and 12) of the hybrid ring (1) of figure 1a. According to the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hybrid ring (1) may comprise of ring structure (2) and four ports (9,10,11 and 12), where in the opposite sides 15 and 16 are parallel to each other and the inner ends 17 and 18 of the metallised part (21) are tapered towards inner end (14) of the port (9,10,11 or 12). According to this preferred embodiment the metallised part (21) and non-metallised part (20) of the port (9,10,11 & 12) have opposite tapers (Figure-Id, and figure 1e, which shows the enlarged view of one of the ports (9,10,11 and 12) of the hybrid ring (1) of figure 1d). The metallised part (21) has increasing taper towards inner end (14) and non-metallised part (20) has increasing tapper towards outer end (13) of the port (9,10,11,12). According to the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width (8) of the metallised parts 23 and 25 of the ring structure (2) is essentially same, but essentially higher than the width 19 of the two opposite metallised parts 21 of the ports (9,10,11 or 12). Yet according to the most preferred embodiment of this invention the angles between ports 9 and 10,10 and 11, and 12 and 9 are same and are essentially higher than the angle between the ports 11 and 12. The angles between ports 9 and 10, 10 and 11, and 12 and 9 are essentially equal to 5 λ4 or higher than 5 λ/4 by integral multiples ofλ and the angle between ports 11 and 12 is essentially equal to 3 λ/4 or higher than 3 λ/4 by integral multiples of λ. Therefore, the outer circumference (4) of the ring structure (2) between ports 9 and 10,10 and 11, and 12 and 9 is equal to each other and essentially higher than that of the outer circumference (2) between ports 11 and 12. The mean circumference of the ring structure (2) is equal to 9 λ/2 or higher than 9 λ/2 by integral multiples of λ . The ports as described herein above and below may be referred as input/output ports. The cross section in the ring region as well as in the tapered section is in the bilateral finline configuration. The tapered finline transitions (figure 1d and 1e) serve to match the port impedances at the location of the slot ring (24) to the standard rectangular wave guide at the input/output ports. According to the preferred embodiment, the hybrid ring pattern is etched from both sides of the fully metallised surfaces of the substrate. The metal is etched from the regions 20, 22 and 24. The hybrid ring (1) is cut by punching or manually accordingly resulting in desired hybrid ring (1) as described herein above. Figures 2a and 3a respectively, show the top views of outer (upper) surface and inner (lower) surface of the upper block (29) of casing of the proposed hybrid ring (1). The upper block (29) comprises of outer (upper) surface (30) and inner (lower) surface (41). The upper surface (30) is provided with means (31) to accommodate the assembly screws. The means (31) as referred herein are holes, preferably the threaded holes, and there are at least three such means (31). The top end of such means is provided with countersink (32) to hold screw's head and body part with threaded hole (33) to hold screw's thread. The upper block (29) has multiface structure with minimum four faces, and maximum faces upto any number and most preferably seven faces. Three such faces (34, 37 and 39) have same but smaller width, and other four faces (35, 36, 38 and 40) also have same, but larger width. The faces (35, 36, 38 and 40) having same, but larger width are approximately twice the width of the faces (34, 37 and 39) having same but smaller width. The lower (inner) surface (41) of the upper block (29) is provided with at least two non-threaded means (42) to hold the alignment pins. Two such means (42) are provided on each face, 35, 36, 38 and 40 with higher width. Each such face 35, 36, 38 and 40 with larger width is essentially also provided with essentially one channel (43), having two parallel and opposite faces 44 and 45, and extending towards the centre (46) of the upper block (29). These four channels (43) converge into a ring channel (47) having outer circumference (48) and inner circumference (49), and the centre (46) of this ring channel (47) forms a solid pole (50). The channels (43) are of uniform width (51) and depth (44,45), and form the transition region when assembled, in the manner as described herein below, with the hybrid ring (1) described herein above, and lower block (54) as described here in below. The contours of faces 44 and 45, shown as lines in figures 3a and 3b, align with inner metallised edges 17 and 18 of the metallised part (21) of the ports 9,10, 11 and 12 through out of their length from end 13 to the end 14 (Figure 1a), or only towards the end 13 (Figure-Id). The face (35, 36, 38 and 40), with larger width, is provided with at least two threaded holes (52) to accommodate the waveguide flange (Figure-2b or Figure-3b), and the face (34,37 & 39) with smaller width (Figure-2c or Figure-3c) is not provided by such means (42 and 52). The upper block (29) has certain thickness (53) [Figure-2b or Figure-3b] and is made of metal such as brass or aluminium, preferably silver coated on the inner surface to improve conductivity. Figures 4 and 5a respectively, show the top views of upper (outer) surface and lower (inner) surface of the lower block (54) of casing of the proposed hybrid ring (1). The lower block (54) comprises of upper (outer) surface (55) and lower (inner) surface (57). The upper (outer) surface (55) is provided with at least three such means (56) to accommodate the assembly screws. The lower block (54) is also of multiface structure with minimum of four faces, and maximum of any number and preferably seven faces, and such faces are numbered as 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40, and essentially have the same dimension as of the upper block (29). The lower (inner) surface (57) of lower block (54) is also provided with at least two non-threaded means (58) to accommodate the alignment pins on four faces 35, 36, 38 and 40. In between these two means (58), each of these four faces, 35, 36, 38 and 40 are essentially provided with essentially one channel (59) having two parallel and opposite faces 60 and 61 (Figures-5a and 5b). These channels (59) extend towards the centre (62) of the block (54) and converge into a ring channel (63), having outer circumference (64) and inner circumference (65) and a solid pole (66) at the centre (62). The channels (59) are provided with horizontal flat grooves (67) having faces 68 and 60 on one face, and 69 and 61 on the opposite face of channel (59) [Figure-5b]. The grooves (67) continue on the outer circumference (64) of the ring channel (63) and have two faces, 64 and 70. Similar to these grooves (67), the horizontal and flat groove (71) is provided on the entire circumference (65) of the ring channel (63) and solid pole (66). The groove (71) has two faces 65 and 72 and certain width (73) and depth (74). The channels (59) are of uniform width (75) and uniform depth (60,61) and form the transition region, when assembled with the hybrid ring (1) and upper block (29), as described here in above. The faces 35, 36, 38 and 40 of lower block (54) are also provided with at least two threaded holes (76) to accommodate the waveguide flanges. The faces 34, 37 and 39 are not provided with such means 58, 59,67 and 76. The lower block (54) also has certain thickness (77) [Figures-5b and 5c], which is preferably same as that (53) of upper block (29). According to the present invention, the hybrid ring (1) is first placed on to the lower block (54) [Figures-6b and 6c], so that the metallised part (21) of each port (9,10,11 and 12) and a portion of the metallised part (23) of the ring structure (2) sits on the groove (67) of the lower block (54). A portion of the metallised part (25) of the ring structure (2) of hybrid ring (1) sits onto the groove (71) of the lower block (54). The edges 15 and 16 of metallised part 21 align with face 74 of groove (67), and a portion of width 19 of the metallised part 21 aligns with face (73) of the groove (67). Towards the end (13) away from the ring structure (2) of the hybrid ring (1), the edges thickness 15 and 16 of the ports (9,10,11 and 12) of the hybrid ring (1) align completely with depth (74) of the groove (67) and the width (19) of the metallised part (21) at the ports ends (9,10,11 & 12) align completely with the width (73) of the groove (67). According to the most preferred embodiment of this invention the metallised part (21) of each port (9,10,11 and 12) is in contact with groove (67) only and not with air of channel (59) of lower block (54) or air of channel (43) of upper block (29) at the port end 13, the end away from the ring structure (2). The metallised part (21) of each port (9,10,11 & 12) is also not in contact with air of channel (59) of lower block (54) and air of channel (43) of the upper block (29) towards the end 14 or the part 24 or the ring structure (2) [Figure-6a or 6b] of the hybrid ring (1) as shown in figures 1a and 1c in accordance with one of the preferred embodiments of this invention. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, however, the metallised part (21) of each port (9,10,11 & 12) is in contact with air of channel (59) of lower block (54) and air of channel (43) of the upper block (29) towards the end 14 or the part 24 or the ring structure (2) [Figure-7] of the hybrid ring (1) as shown in figures 1d and 1e in accordance with one i of the preferred embodiments of this invention. The edges 6 and 7 of the metallised parts 23 and 25 respectively of the ring structure (2) of the ring (1) as shown in Figures-1 a, 1c,1d and 1e, in accordance to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, are in contact with air of ring channel (63) of lower block (54) and air of ring channel (47) of upper block (29) as shown in figures 6a and 7a. The edges of faces 64 and 65 of the ring channel (63) of the lower block (54) are shown by dotted lines in figure 6. The edges of faces 60 and 61 of channels (59), and 64 and 65 of the ring channel (63) of the lower block (54) are shown by dotted lines in figure 7. The inner circumference (5) of the ring structure (2) of the hybrid ring (1), as shown in figure 1a or 1d, aligns with face 72 of groove 71. In this arrangement the hybrid ring (1), as shown in figure 1a or 1d sits firmly on the lower block (54) and the top surface of the ring (1) is in complete alignment with surfaces 57 and 66 of the lower block (54) [Figure-6 and 7]. In accordance with the present invention the upper block (29) is placed on to the lower block (54) after the hybrid ring (1) has been placed firmly onto the lower block (54) as described herein above. The edges of faces 44 and 45 of the channels 43, and 48 and 49 of ring channel 47 align completely with faces 60 and 61 of channels 59, and faces 64 and 65 of the ring channel 63 of the lower block (54) respectively. The solid pole (50) of the upper block (29) sits onto the solid pole (66) of the lower block (54). The faces 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 & 40 of upper block (29) and lower block (54) match firmly, and face 41 of upper block (29) matches with face (57) of lower block (54). The semicircular, non-threaded grooves 42 of upper block (29) and grooves 58 of lower block (54) match with each other to form circular, non-threaded holes (79) to accommodate the alignment pins. On the alignment of upper block (29), hybrid ring (1) and lower block (54) as described herein above and shown in figure 8, the assembly screws (78) are tightened to make firm contact of portion of metallised parts, 21,23,25 of hybrid ring (1), and of metallic surfaces 41 and 50 of upper block (29), and 73 and 74 of grooves 67 and 71 of lower block (54). These preferred embodiments of the present invention, as stated and described herein above, will also work even with unilateral, insulated and double dielectric finline configurations. However, the bilateral finline configuration has shown the best results with regards to the performance, the foremost important requirement of such devices. The better performance, referred herein above, particularly relates to the better bandwidth. The millimeter wave frequencies, particularly lower range of millimeter wave frequencies, as referred herein above, particularly relates to the region of frequencies between 30 GHz (gega hertz) to 140 GHz, more particularly to 30 GHz to 110 GHz, even more particularly to 30 to 75 GHz. The present invention can also work with commercially available metallised substrates, over which essentially the symmetric pattern on both the sides of the substrate is formed or printed according to the present invention, as stated and described herein above, and then metal part is chemically etched out, preferably using ferric chloride for etching out copper, according to the any such known method in the prior art. WE CLAIM; 1. An improved hybrid ring (1) characterised in that a ring structure (2), provided with four ports (arms) (9,10,11,12) radial to the outer circumferences (4) of the ring (1) and a casing comprising of an upper block (29) and lower block (54) wherein the ring is metallized on its inner (5) and outer (4) circumference. 2. An improved hybrid ring, as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said ring structure (2) comprises of a said central hole (3) and of said outer (4) circumference and said inner circumference (5). 3. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in claims 1 and 2 wherein said outer circumference (4) and said inner circumference (5) of the said ring structure (2) are metallised to the limited width on both the sides of the said ring structure (2). 4. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in claim 3, wherein said metallisation (23) of the said outer circumference (4) and said inner circumference (5) of the said ring structure (5) extends towards the opposite ends (17,18) to the limited width (19) leaving in between the said metallised parts (23) the said non-metallised part(22). 5. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein said metallisation of the said inner circumference of the said ring structure is in continuous circumference. 6. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein said ring structure of said hybrid ring is provided with the said four ports radial to said outer circumference of said ring structure and extend away from the said outer circumference of the said ring. 7. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein said four ports (9,10,11,12) radial to said outer circumference (4) of the said ring structure (2) extending away from said outer circumference of the said ring comprises of essentially of said two parallel and opposite sides(15,16), referred herein above as outer ends, and said one end away from the said ring structure end said one inner and towards the said ring structure. 8. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said four ports (9,10,11,12) are metallised (21) at their said outer ends (15,16) to the said limited width towards the said inner ends (17,18) of the said ports. 9. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said metallisation (21) of the said four ports at their said outer ends (15,16) extending towards the said inner ends (17,18) leaves said non-metallised (20) part in between the said metallised parts of the said ports. 10. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said metallised parts (21) of the said outer ends of each port are in continuation with the said metallised part (23) of the said outer circumference of the said ring structure and the said non- metallised part (20) of the said ports are in continuation with the said non-metallised part (22) of the said ring structure (2) of the said hybrid ring (1). 11. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said metallisation of the said outer circumference (4) of the said ring structure of the said hybrid ring is discontinued at the said joining points (24) of the said ports (9,10,11,12) with the said ring structure (2). 12. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said ring structure (2) and the said four ports (9,10,11,12) of the said hybrid rings have essentially the exactly similar metallisation, as described and claimed herein above, on the said both sides (15,16) of the said ring(l). 13. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said hybrid ring is preferably made of a diselectric substrate, which preferably has a dielectric constant in the range 2 to 3, more preferably of value 2.22 and the said metallisation on said both sides of the said substrate, is preferably of a highly conducting metal, such as copper, silver or gold. 14. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in claims 1 to 13 wherein said upper block (29) and the said lower block (54) comprises of the said multiface structures, essentially at least of four faces and maximum upto any number, preferably of seven faces and the said four faces accommodate the said four ports of the said hybrid ring. 15. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said four faces, with said one port, are of same but larger width, and the said other three faces without any port, are of same but smaller width. 16. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said four faces with said one port are of equal width and the said other three faces without any port, are of equal width, and the said faces with larger width are of approximately twice the width of the said faces with smaller width. 17. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said upper and said lower blocks (29,54) of the said casing of the said hybrid ring are provided with at least three threaded said holes (33) to accommodate said assembly screws, preferably the said upper block is provided with said non-threaded holes (42) and the said lower block is provided with the said threaded holes (56) for accommodating the assembly screws. 18. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said upper and said lower blocks (29,54) of the said casing of the said hybrid ring are also provided with at least two threaded said holes (32) on each of the said four faces (35,36,38,40) of larger width for connecting the waveguide flanges and at least two threaded hole said semicircular grooves to accommodate the alignment pins. 19. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said lower block (54) is provided with said flat and angular grooves to accommodate the said hybrid ring(l). 20. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said grooves provided on the said lower block (54) of the said casing continue on the said outer circumference (4) of the said ring (1) and have two faces of which one face is horizontal and the another said face is vertical and said two faces form an angle essentially of 90 degree. 21. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said opposite sides (17,18) and the said inner ends of the said metallised part (21) of the said ports are parallel to each other. 22. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said opposite sides (17,18) of the said metallised part (21) of the said ports (9,10,11,12) are parallel to each other and the said inner ends (17,18) of the said metallised part of the said ports of the said hybrid ring are tapered towards the said inner end (14) of the said ports, and the said metallised part (21) and the said non- metallised part (20) of the said ports have opposite tapers (fig. Id & fig. 1C) wherein the said metallised part (21) has increasing taper towards the said inner end (14) and the said non-metallised part (20) has increasing tapper towards the said outer end (13) of the said ports. 23. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said width (8) of the said metallised parts of the said outer circumference and the said inner circumference of the said ring structure of the said hybrid ring is essentially same, but higher than the said width (19) of the said two opposite metallised parts (21) of the said ports (9,10,11,12) of the said hybrid ring(l). 24. An improved hybrid ring (1) as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said angle between the said two ports (11,12) of the said adjacent faces of larger width is smaller than the said other three angles between the said any two ports. 25. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said larger three angles between the said any ports are equal to each other. 26. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said smaller angle between the said two ports (11,12) of the said adjacent faces of larger width is essentially equal to 3 λ/4 or higher than 3 λ/4 by integral multiples of λ and the said larger angles between the said set of other two ports (11,12) of the said two faces are essentially equal to 5 λ/4 or higher than 5λ/4 by integral multiples of λ. 27. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said outer circumference of the said ring structure between the said ports (11,12) comprising of larger and equal angles are equal to each other and are essentially higher than that of the said outer circumference (4) between the said ports (11., 12) comprising the said smaller angle, and the said mean circumference of the said ring structure is equal 9λ/2 or higher than 9λ/2 by the integral multiples of λ. 28. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the said each face with larger width (35,36,38,40) is provided with said channel (43)which in turn comprises essentially of said two parallel and opposite faces (44,45) and said channels extend towards the said center (46) of the said upper block and said four channels (43)converge into a said ring channel, (47)which in turn comprises of the said outer circumference (48) and said inner circumference, (49) and the said centre of (96) the said ring channel (47) essentially forms a solid pole(50) at the said centre. 29. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said four channels (43) are essentially of uniform width(51) and depth,(44,45) and form the said transition region when assembled with the said hybrid ring (1) and lower block as (54) described here in above. 30. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said upper block (29) and the said lower block(54) are made essentially of conducting metal, preferably of brass or aluminium, more preferably of brass or aluminium with silver or gold coating on the said inner surface. 31. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said metallised part (21) of said each port (9,10,11,12) and a portion of the said metallised part of the said outer (4) and said inner circumferences (5) of the said ring structure sits (2) accurately on the said grooves (67) of the said lower block (54) of the said casing. 32. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said the metallised part (21) of said each port (9,10,11,12) is in contact with said groove (67) only and not with air of said channel (59) of the said lower block (54) or air of the said channel (43) of the said upper block at (29) the said both of the port ends.(14) 33. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said metallised part (21) of said each port is (9.10,11,12) in contact with said groove and with air of said channel of (59) the said lower block (54) or air of the said channel (43) of the said upper block at the said port end (14) towards the said ring structure (2) and are in contact with said groove only (67) and not with air of said channel of (59) the said lower block (54) or air of the said channel (43) of the said upper block (29) at the said port end (13) away from the said ring structure(2) 34. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said portion of the said inner metallised parts (21) of the said outer (4) and said inner circumferences of the said ring structure are in contact with said grooves (67) and with air of said ring channel(59) of the said lower block (54) or air of the said ring channel(43) of the said upper block(29) 35. An improved hybrid ring (1) as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said hybrid ring can work even with unilateral, insulated and double dielectric finline configurations. 36. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said hybrid ring (1) for the said millimeter wave frequencies, particularly lower range of millimeter wave frequencies, and the said lower range of millimeter wave frequencies particularly relates to the region of frequencies between 30 GHz to 140 GHz more particularly to 30 GHz to 110 GHz even more particularly to 30 to 75 GHz. 37. An improved hybrid ring as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the said hybrid ring(l) and said casing are assembled by first mounting the said ring comprising of the said substrate and the said metallised part(23) on its both of the said opposite surfaces onto the said lower block (54) in the said grooves (67)on its said upper (outer) surface (55)and the said upper surface of the said filter sits firmly in the said longitudinal grooves provided on the said channels and in the said grooves provided on the said outer and said inner circumferences(4,5) of the said lower block(54), and the said sides of the said ring, having the said width align and matches accurately with the said vertical faces of the said grooves, and the said identical and horizontal faces of the said ring (1) align and matches with the said horizontal faces of the said grooves, as stated herein above, and the said upper surface of the said ring aligns and matches accurately with the said upper (outer) surface(55) of the said lower block (54) and there after the said upper block (29) having the said longitudinal channel and comprising of said two vertical faces, and said one horizontal face is placed onto the said upper (outer) (55) surface of the said lower block(54) and said all faces of the said upper block(29) and the said lower block (54)align with each other. 38. An improved hybrid ring substantially as herein described and illustrated.

Documents:

2063-del-1996-abstract.pdf

2063-del-1996-claims.pdf

2063-del-1996-correspondence-others.pdf

2063-del-1996-correspondence-po.pdf

2063-del-1996-description (complete).pdf

2063-del-1996-drawings.pdf

2063-del-1996-form-1.pdf

2063-del-1996-form-19.pdf

2063-del-1996-form-2.pdf