Indian Patents. 251264:AN INSECTICIDAL COMPOSITION

Title of Invention	AN INSECTICIDAL COMPOSITION
Abstract	The invention discloses an insecticidal compostition comprising (a) at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from the group (A) consisting of imidacloprid and acetamiprid, and (b) at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-term action comprising novaluron, for the use in insect control in crops, and locus thereof.

Full Text	Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of pesticidal compositions, particularly pesticidal composition containing at least two pesticidal active ingredients for improved control of pests. Background of the Invention In the practice of pest control, particularly insect control, there are two main factors which determine the effectiveness of the treatment; 1) immediate action on the pests (known in the art as "knock-down action"), 2) long term action (known also as "residual action"). Effective knock-down insecticides include pyrethroids, organic phosphoric acid esters, neonicotinoids, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and phenyl pyrazoles (fipronil). Effective long term insecticides include insect growth regulators (IGR) of various types, e.g. chitin synthesis inhibitors. Current methods for achieving the desired effect include repeated treatments over time with insecticides which have an effective knock-down action. The disadvantages of repeated treatments are; a) the use of relatively large doses of insecticides over time, which may create environmental problems, and b) there are certain periods within the life cycle of the crop when treatments with effective knock-down insecticides are prohibited since they may be absorbed in the crop or damage the crop. Using long term active insecticides may help in preventing repeated treatments, but may not be effective against certain insects which have reached a certain developmental stage in their life cycle. For example, the group of insecticides known as insect growth regulators (IGR) which generally have effective long term action are almost ineffective against adult insects due to the low knock-down effect. Combination treatments of knock-down and long term insecticides have been reported. U.S. 6,685,954 reports on the effectiveness of fipronil in combination with IGR of the juvenile hormone mimic group in the treatment of ectoparasites in mammals. However, no publications were found which suggest such a combination for other purposes which are non-veterinary purposes. In other fields of applications such as in the filed of plants and plant matter, issues of phytotoxicity must be considered as well. Accordingly, there is a long felt need for an insecticidal composition and method of pest control which will provide effective control of insects by providing effective knock-down and long term action, without creating environmental, toxic, phytotoxic and ecotoxic problems. It is therefore a purpose of the present invention to provide an insecticidal composition which provides effective immediate and long term action against insects. A further purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for pest control, particularly insect control, which provides effective immediate action and effective long term activity. Other objects of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. Brief Description of Accompanying Drawings: Fig. 1 - Results of evaluation of insecticide CMT - 101 (novaluron + imidacloprid) vis-a-vis Rimon 10 EC (novaluron) and Kohinor 70 WG (imdacloprid) on control of Keiferia lycopersicella in tomato. Figs.2-4 - Results of evaluation of insecticide CMT - 101 (novaluron + imidacloprid) vis-a-vis Rimon 10 EC (novaluron) and Kohinor 70 WG (imdacloprid) on control of Whitefly (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) in tomato. Fig.5. - Bar Chart showing the results of evaluation of the efficacy of novaluron and acetamprid tank mixes for codling moth (Cydia pomonella) control in apples. Summary of the Invention The present invention provides an insecticidal composition comprising of at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from among group (A) comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, and at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-term action selected from among group (B) of insect growth regulators comprising of benzoylphenyl urea (BPU) compounds selected from among novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, trifLumuron, diflubenzuTon, chlorfiuazuron, flufenoxuron, noviflumuron and tefhibenzuron. Optionally, said insecticidal composition may further contain excipients and/or additives and/or surface active agents. According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for insect control, comprising of applying at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock down action selected from among group (A) comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, and at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-tenn action selected from among group (B) of insect growth regulators (IGR) comprising of benzoylphenyl urea (BPU) compounds; to a crop, agricultural product, plant matter, animal or locale. Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment of the Invention The following description is illustrative of embodiments of the invention. The following description is not to be construed as limiting, it being understood that the skilled person may carry out many obvious variations to the invention. Throughout the description, percentages of components are by weight, unless specifically noted differently. The terms "benzoyl urea", "benzoylphenyl urea" and "BPU" as used throughout the specification are synonymous. It has surprisingly been found that the combination of an insecticide with knock-down activity selected from among the groups of pesticides known in the art as neonicotinoids, nitromethylene-neonicotinoids and phenylpyrazoles denoted as group (A) comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, with an IGR insecticide selected from among the BPU group (B), provided a synergistic effect and effective insect control. The long term IGR group of pesticides known as BPU herein designated "group (B)" , which includes inter alia, novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, flufenoxuron, noviflumuron and teflubenzuron are suitable for the purposes of the present invention. "Knock-down" pesticides suitable for the purposes of the present invention, herein designated "group (A)" include: acetamiprid, Imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided an insecticidal composition comprising 0.1% to 60% of at least one knock down insecticide selected from among group (A); imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil; and 0.5% to 60% of at least one long term insecticide selected from among an IGR insecticide group of BPU, group (B) comprising of novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, flufenoxuron, novifiurnuron and teflubenzuron. More preferably said composition contains 10% to 50% of at least one insecticide selected from group (A) and 5% to 15% of at least one insecticide selected from among group (B). The composition of the present invention is formulated in a manner which suits the specific application. Non-limiting examples of suitable formulations are; emulsion concentrates (EC), suspension concentrates (SC), water dispersible granules (WDG) and wettable powders (WP) and formulations suitable for oral, topical or injectable veterinary formulations. According to yet a further embodiment of the compositions of the present invention, there is provided a synergistic insecticidal composition comprising of at least one knock-down insecticide selected from among group (A); imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, and of at least one long term insecticide selected from among an IGR insecticide of the group of BPU, group (B) comprising of novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, flufenoxuron, novifiumuron and teflubenzuron, wherein the weight ratio between the group (A) insecticide and the group (B) insecticide is in the range of 1:100 to 100:1, more preferably 1:50 to 50:1. The present invention further provides method for insect control, comprising of applying at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from among group (A) comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, and at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-term action selected from among group (B) of insect growth regulators (IGR) comprising of benzoylphenyl urea (BPU) compounds novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfiuazuron, flufenoxuron, noviflumuron and teflubenzuron; to a crop, agricultural product, plant matter, animal or locale. The present method is effective for insect control in agricultural, horticultural, insect control in ornamentals, seed treatment and non-agricultural purposes, e.g. public health, storage and domestic use and veterinary. According to a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the application of the insecticides is simultaneous, separate or sequential application. According to a preferred embodiment of the present method, the insecticidal composition of the present invention is employed for pest control. According to specific embodiment of the method of the present invention when applied to plant matter, the insecticides of group (A) are applied at a rate of lg/hectar to 500g/hectar and the insecticides of group (B) are applied at a rate of lg/hectar to 200g/hectar. Preferably, group (A) insecticides are applied at rate of 100g/hectar to 350g/hectar and group (B) insecticides at a rate of 30g/hectar to 100g/hectar. According to a specific embodiment of the method of the present invention, insecticides of group (A) are administered at a dosage of 0.1 to 50 mg/Kg body weight, and group (B) insecticides are administered at a dosage of 0.1 to 100 mg/Kg body weight. Preferably, the dosage for group (A) insecticides is 1 to 10 mg/Kg body weight and for group (B) insecticides 10 to 40 mg/Kg body weight. The administration according to the present method is topical, by injection or oral. The present method and composition are particularly effective for controlling insects of, inter alia, the orders Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Anoplura, Siphonaptera, Mallophaga, Thysanura, Isoptera, Psocoptera and Hymenoptera, as well as representatives of the order Acarina of the families Ixodidae, Argasidae, Tetranychidae and Dermanyssidae. In addition said method and composition are effective in controlling flies, e.g. Musca domestica, termites, cockroaches and mosquito larvae. The presently claimed method and composition is also suitable for controlling plant-destructive feeding insects in ornamentals and crops of useful plants, especially in cotton (e.g. against Spodoptera littoralis and Heliothis virescens) and in fruit and vegetables (e.g. against Laspeyresia pomonella, Cydia pomonella, Lithocolletis blancardella, Stigmella malella, Adoxophyes orana, Psylla piri, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, phyllocnistis citrella, Cydia molesta, Anarsia lineatella, Leptinotarsa decemlineata and Epilachna varivestis), as well as for controlling several species of mites, e.g., oleivora. The present method and composition are further effective for controlling ectoparasites such as Lucilia sericata, in domestic animals and productive livestock, e.g. by treating animals, cowsheds, barns, stables, pastures and the like. According to a particular embodiment of the present method, the pesticidal composition is used to prepare a tank mix which is then applied via spraying to the area, plant matter or crop needing treatment. The active ingredient concentration in the tank mix is adjusted to the particular application, depending on agricultural or non-agricultural application, the crop and the pest. Although various methods of application may be employed as the skilled artisan may appreciate, spraying is the preferred method of application. Various methods of application can also be employed when necessary. For example, in field crops systemic application via an irrigation system can be combined with foliar application. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, separate application is employed wherein the knock down and long term insecticides are applied separately. Comparative toxicity of various formulations of novaluron and acet-amiprid suspensions on various agricultural insect pests Example A1. The toxicity of Rimon SC formulation + Mospilan (acetamiprid) as compared with Rimon SC (Novaluron), and with Mospilan on 1st instars B. tabaci (Table 1) was determined. Cotton seedlings infested with l^-instars nymphs were treated with 0.5 mg a.i./liter of each of the Rimon formulations (with or without Mospilan) and with 0.08 mg a.i./liter of Mospilan. Pupation was determined 3 weeks after start of assay. Data are averages ± SEM of 5 replicates of 20-90 L1 each (Table 1). Addition of acetamiprid to the Rimon SC formulation improved larval mortality resulting in 35% pupation as compared with 49% pupation for Rimon and 64% for Mospilan. In Tables 1-4: Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ statistically at the p=0.05 level. These results can be added to the improved effect of the combination, as compared to novaluron alone, on adult mortality as shown in the assays below (Examples A2, A3): Example A2. The effect of Rimon SC formulation containing actamiprid as compared to that of Rimon SC and the Rimon EC formulation on Bemisia tabaci adults (Table 2) was determined. Cotton seedlings treated with Rimon formulations at concentrations of 1 mg a.i./liter Rimon EC and 5 mg a.i./liter of each of the Rimon SC formulations (with or without Mospilan) were exposed to B. tabaci adults for 48 h. Adult mortality was then determined. Data are average ± SEM of 5 replicates of 15-19 adults each. The Rimon 100 SC containing acetamiprid (Mospilan) resulted in high toxicity to B. tabaci adults. The others had no effect. Example A3. The effect of the above formulations on B. tabaci adults (Table 3) was determined. Cotton seedlings treated with 5 mg a.i./liter of each of the Rimon formulation (with or without Mospilan) and with 0.8 mg a.i./liter of the Mospilan formulation were exposed to B. tabaci adults for 48 hrs. Adult mortality was then determined. Data are averages ± SEM of 5 replicates of 15-19 adults each. The combination Rimon SC +Mospilan provided superior effect as compared to Rimon EC and SC formulations used alone. The combined effect of Rimon SC +Mospilan resulted in 68% mortality which was similar to that obtained with Mospilan alone (66% mortality). Example B1. The effect of Rimon and Mospilan formulations on B. tabaci egg hatch and pupation (Table 4) was examined. Cotton seedlings infested with 0-1-d-old eggs of B. tabaci were treated with Rimon formulations at a concentration of 0.5 mg a.i./liter (with or without Mospilan) and with Mospilan at a concentration of 0.08 mg a.i./liter. Egg hatch and pupation were then determined. Data are average ± SEM of 5 replicates of 20-70 eggs each. Mospilan enhanced the toxicity of novaluron as a result of reduced egg hatch and increased larval mortality. A combined formulation of 0.5 mg a.i./liter Rimon SC and 0.08 mg a.i./liter Mospilan resulted in 30% pupation as compared with 76% with Rimon SC and 61% pupation with Mospilan. Conclusions The above results clearly indicate that acetamiprid improves the activity of novaluron on egg hatch and on larvae of B. tabaci. This along with the contribution of acetamiprid to adult mortality renders the combined formulation of a potential importance for controlling B. tabaci under field conditions. The combination has beneficial effect as compared to treatment of each component alone, when considering all stages of the development of the pest Evaluation of insecticide CMT-101 on control of Keiferia lycopersicella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato Materials and Methods Trial was established in a tomato crop (cv Mountain Fresh) in Alajuela, Costa Rica, during September to November 2008. Each treatment plot consisted of 30 plants with 4 replications. Treatments were: CMT101 (novaluron + imidacloprid) at 1.0 ml/L; 1.5 ml/L; 2.0 ml/L and 2.5 ml/L with a water volume of 500 L/ha. Rimon 10 EC (novaluron), Kohinor 70 WG (imidacloprid), and an untreated check were also evaluated (Table 1). Commercial treatment including a tank mix of Actara 25 WG (0.7 g/L) (thiamethoxam) + Sunfire 24 SC (0.6 ml/L) (clorfenapyr) was additionally examined. All chemical treatments were applied to foliage twice at 32 and 39 days after transplant. Evaluation was made on 20 new growths per replication, at -1, 0, 2, 5, 11, 16, 21, 26 and 32 days after the first application. To evaluate whitefly nymphs and eggs, a total of 10 square inches per replication were evaluated from leaves number 4 (being leaf 1, first fully unfolded). One square inch by leaf number 4 was marked randomly and then analyzed under stereoscope, and "alive" nymphs and eggs were counted. Plants treated with Kohinor had higher Keiferia populations than untreated plants and higher Keiferia populations compared to the other treatments. 3 g/100L novaluron and 17.5 g/100 L imidacloprid (CMT-101 1.0 ml) provided similar effect as Rimon at a higher dosage of 5 g/100L novaluron (Rimon 10 EC 0.5 ml/L). Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Only Rimon and the untreated check show no control of whitefly adults (Figure 2). CMT 101 treatments provided a better control of whitefly adults as compared to Rimon alone. CMT 101 at a lower dosage of imidacloprid provided similar effect on adults as compared to a higher dosage of imidacloprid used alone (after 2 days). Numbers of nymphs were highest on the untreated check (Figure 3). Until more than 20 days after chemical application CMT 101 treatments showed fewer nymphs than Rimon (novaluron) treatment, even at lower novaluron concentration in CMT 101 as compared to a higher dosage of novaluron used alone. CMT 101 1.0 ml/L containing Novaluron 3 g/100L and Imidacloprid 17.5 g/100L and CMT 101 1.5 containing Novaluron 4.5 g/100L and Imidacloprid 26.25 g/100L provided better control on nymphs after 11 days and a similar order of control on nymphs as compared to Imidacloprid alone at a concentration of 52.5 g/100L (Kohinor 70 WG) after 16 and 26 days. CMT 101 treatments showed fewer eggs than Rimon treatment, even at lower dosage of novaluron in CMT 101 (3 g/100L) as compared to higher dosage novaluron (5 g/100L) used alone (Figure 4). CMT 101 at a lower dosage of imidacloprid provided similar order of effect on eggs as compared to a higher dosage of imidacloprid used alone. CONCLUSIONS CMT-101 controls whiteflies and Keiferia lycopersicella. • Imidacloprid and novaluron, provided a superior effect as compared to individual components on control of whiteflies. • The overall effect is better as compared to treatment of each component alone, when considering all stages of the development of pest. Evaluation of the efficacy of novaluron and acetamiprid tank mixes for codling moth (Cydia pomonella) control in apples at Alto Valle, Rio Negro. Argentina. General • Cultivar: Apples - Red delicious. Planting distance 4 X 4 m. The crop presented high infestation level of codling moth (Cydia pomonella). Population level was monitored by pheromone traps that were placed at the trial location. • Location: Cinco Saltos, Rio Negro, Argentina Treatments • The products that were used in the trials: Rimon Supra (Novaluron 100 g/1 SC) Mospilan (Acetamiprid 20 % SP) Cotnion (Azinfos Methyl 200 g/1 SC) Calypso (Thiacloprid 480 g/1 SC) CMT 210 (tank mixes of Mospilan and Rimon Supra) • Treatments were in intervals of 14 days. • All treatments are in gr. or cc per 100 liters. • Trial design: the trials were laid out using a randomised complete block design with four replicates. Plot size was two rows. • Equipment: high volume sprayer, working pressure 150 psi. Spray volume 3.2 L/tree-2000L/ha. • Evaluation: At harvest [February - March 2008], 200 fruits per plot were monitor to determine the level of damage [%]. • Results are average of 6 trials. Results and Conclusions: - Rimon Supra at 100 cc and its lower dose mixtures with Mospilan gave the best results. - Mospilan alone at 20 gr gave the lowest efficacy. - Combination of acetamiprid and novaluron (tank mix of Mospilan 12.5 gr+ Rimon 50cc) at a lower rate of each as compared to novaluron alone (100cc) and Mospilan alone (20gr) provided similar result to Novaluron alone and better results as compared to Mospilan alone.The tank mix of Mospilan 12.5 and Rimon 75 and the tank mixes of Mospilan 20 with Rimon 50 or 75 provided similar effect to Rimon alone at 100 cc. Annex 4 -Efficacy of CMT 101 foliar application in tomato tuber moth control (Tuta absoluta) Objective Assessing the efficacy of CMT 101 in tomato tuber moth control. Materials and Methods Three trials were performed on Tomato crop in La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). See details of each trial in table A, and treatments in table B. The applications were performed with a backpack of Constant pressure with a vertical bar, the experimental design was randomized in blocks with four repetitions and parcels made in double Hills of 7 lineal meters each. Assessments were done before the application and 3, 7 and 14 days later the number of fresh damage and live larvae per plant was assessed in 6 plants per parcel. With this data the average per parcel was calculated and with this value the percentage of control according to Henderson & Tilton formula. The variance analysis was performed and medium values were compared by the Duncan multiple range test with 5 % of probability. Results Table 1 shows the evolution of the fresh damage of live larvae in moth per plant in the check parcels. The densities observed were high (considering that the threshold is 1-2 fresh damages per plant), creating an adequate environment to assess the efficacy of insecticide for moth. The analysis showed difference between the treatments for each separated trial (table 2) and for the average of the tree trials in table 3. All the treatments presented a control statistically higher than the non treated check. • Compared to 50 cc.hl-1 of Rimon Supra + oil CMT 101 + oil reached a control statistically higher. CMT 101 is more efficient and with better knockdown against the tuber moth larva than Rimon Supra, which is clearly shown by the difference in fresh damage control. Fitotoxicty No symptoms were shown in any of the treatments. Conclusions. While embodiments of the invention have been described by way of illustration, it will be apparent that the invention may be carried out with may modifications, variations and adaptations, without departing from its spirit or exceeding the scope of the claims. We claim: 1. An insecticidal compostition comprising (a) at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from the group (A) consisting of imidacloprid and acetamiprid, and (b) novaluron, for the use in insect control in crops, and locus thereof, wherein the weight to weight ratio between the (A) insecticides and novaluron is in the range of 1:10 to 10:1. 2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said insecticidal composition contains excipients and/or additives and/or surface active agents. The invention discloses an insecticidal compostition comprising (a) at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from the group (A) consisting of imidacloprid and acetamiprid, and (b) at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-term action comprising novaluron, for the use in insect control in crops, and locus thereof.

Full Text

Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the field of pesticidal compositions, particularly pesticidal composition containing at least two pesticidal active ingredients for improved control of
pests.
Background of the Invention
In the practice of pest control, particularly insect control, there are two main factors which
determine the effectiveness of the treatment; 1) immediate action on the pests (known in
the art as "knock-down action"), 2) long term action (known also as "residual action").
Effective knock-down insecticides include pyrethroids, organic phosphoric acid esters,
neonicotinoids, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and phenyl pyrazoles (fipronil). Effective long
term insecticides include insect growth regulators (IGR) of various types, e.g. chitin
synthesis inhibitors. Current methods for achieving the desired effect include repeated
treatments over time with insecticides which have an effective knock-down action. The
disadvantages of repeated treatments are; a) the use of relatively large doses of insecticides
over time, which may create environmental problems, and b) there are certain periods
within the life cycle of the crop when treatments with effective knock-down insecticides
are prohibited since they may be absorbed in the crop or damage the crop. Using long term
active insecticides may help in preventing repeated treatments, but may not be effective
against certain insects which have reached a certain developmental stage in their life cycle.
For example, the group of insecticides known as insect growth regulators (IGR) which
generally have effective long term action are almost ineffective against adult insects due to
the low knock-down effect.
Combination treatments of knock-down and long term insecticides have been reported. U.S. 6,685,954 reports on the effectiveness of fipronil in combination with IGR of the juvenile hormone mimic group in the treatment of ectoparasites in mammals. However, no publications were found which suggest such a combination for other purposes which are non-veterinary purposes. In other fields of applications such as in the filed of plants and

plant matter, issues of phytotoxicity must be considered as well.
Accordingly, there is a long felt need for an insecticidal composition and method of pest control which will provide effective control of insects by providing effective knock-down and long term action, without creating environmental, toxic, phytotoxic and ecotoxic problems.
It is therefore a purpose of the present invention to provide an insecticidal composition which provides effective immediate and long term action against insects.
A further purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for pest control, particularly insect control, which provides effective immediate action and effective long term activity.
Other objects of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. Brief Description of Accompanying Drawings:
Fig. 1 - Results of evaluation of insecticide CMT - 101 (novaluron + imidacloprid)
vis-a-vis Rimon 10 EC (novaluron) and Kohinor 70 WG (imdacloprid) on control of Keiferia lycopersicella in tomato.
Figs.2-4 - Results of evaluation of insecticide CMT - 101 (novaluron + imidacloprid) vis-a-vis Rimon 10 EC (novaluron) and Kohinor 70 WG (imdacloprid) on control of Whitefly (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) in tomato.
Fig.5. - Bar Chart showing the results of evaluation of the efficacy of novaluron and
acetamprid tank mixes for codling moth (Cydia pomonella) control in apples.

Summary of the Invention
The present invention provides an insecticidal composition comprising of at least one
insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from among group (A)
comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram,
dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, and at
least one insecticidal compound with effective long-term action selected from among group
(B) of insect growth regulators comprising of benzoylphenyl urea (BPU) compounds
selected from among novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, trifLumuron, diflubenzuTon,
chlorfiuazuron, flufenoxuron, noviflumuron and tefhibenzuron. Optionally, said
insecticidal composition may further contain excipients and/or additives and/or surface
active agents.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for insect control, comprising of applying at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock down action selected from among group (A) comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid,

thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, and at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-tenn action selected from among group (B) of insect growth regulators (IGR) comprising of benzoylphenyl urea (BPU) compounds; to a crop, agricultural product, plant matter, animal or locale.
Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
The following description is illustrative of embodiments of the invention. The following description is not to be construed as limiting, it being understood that the skilled person may carry out many obvious variations to the invention.
Throughout the description, percentages of components are by weight, unless specifically noted differently. The terms "benzoyl urea", "benzoylphenyl urea" and "BPU" as used throughout the specification are synonymous.
It has surprisingly been found that the combination of an insecticide with knock-down activity selected from among the groups of pesticides known in the art as neonicotinoids, nitromethylene-neonicotinoids and phenylpyrazoles denoted as group (A) comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, with an IGR insecticide selected from among the BPU group (B), provided a synergistic effect and effective insect control.
The long term IGR group of pesticides known as BPU herein designated "group (B)" , which includes inter alia, novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, flufenoxuron, noviflumuron and teflubenzuron are suitable for the purposes of the present invention.
"Knock-down" pesticides suitable for the purposes of the present invention, herein designated "group (A)" include: acetamiprid, Imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid,

nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention there is provided an insecticidal composition comprising 0.1% to 60% of at least one knock down insecticide selected from among group (A); imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil; and 0.5% to 60% of at least one long term insecticide selected from among an IGR insecticide group of BPU, group (B) comprising of novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, flufenoxuron, novifiurnuron and teflubenzuron. More preferably said composition contains 10% to 50% of at least one insecticide selected from group (A) and 5% to 15% of at least one insecticide selected from among group (B).
The composition of the present invention is formulated in a manner which suits the specific application. Non-limiting examples of suitable formulations are; emulsion concentrates (EC), suspension concentrates (SC), water dispersible granules (WDG) and wettable powders (WP) and formulations suitable for oral, topical or injectable veterinary formulations.
According to yet a further embodiment of the compositions of the present invention, there
is provided a synergistic insecticidal composition comprising of at least one knock-down
insecticide selected from among group (A); imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam,
thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin
benzoate and fipronil, and of at least one long term insecticide selected from among an IGR
insecticide of the group of BPU, group (B) comprising of novaluron, lufenuron,
hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, flufenoxuron, novifiumuron and
teflubenzuron, wherein the weight ratio between the group (A) insecticide and the group
(B) insecticide is in the range of 1:100 to 100:1, more preferably 1:50 to 50:1.

The present invention further provides method for insect control, comprising of applying at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from among group (A) comprising of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, abamectin, emamectin, emamectin benzoate and fipronil, and at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-term action selected from among group (B) of insect growth regulators (IGR) comprising of benzoylphenyl urea (BPU) compounds novaluron, lufenuron, hexaflumuron, triflumuron, diflubenzuron, chlorfiuazuron, flufenoxuron, noviflumuron and teflubenzuron; to a crop, agricultural product, plant matter, animal or locale. The present method is effective for insect control in agricultural, horticultural, insect control in ornamentals, seed treatment and non-agricultural purposes, e.g. public health, storage and domestic use and veterinary.
According to a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the application of the insecticides is simultaneous, separate or sequential application.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present method, the insecticidal composition of the present invention is employed for pest control.
According to specific embodiment of the method of the present invention when applied to plant matter, the insecticides of group (A) are applied at a rate of lg/hectar to 500g/hectar and the insecticides of group (B) are applied at a rate of lg/hectar to 200g/hectar. Preferably, group (A) insecticides are applied at rate of 100g/hectar to 350g/hectar and group (B) insecticides at a rate of 30g/hectar to 100g/hectar.
According to a specific embodiment of the method of the present invention, insecticides of group (A) are administered at a dosage of 0.1 to 50 mg/Kg body weight, and group (B) insecticides are administered at a dosage of 0.1 to 100 mg/Kg body weight. Preferably, the dosage for group (A) insecticides is 1 to 10 mg/Kg body weight and for group (B) insecticides 10 to 40 mg/Kg body weight. The administration according to the present method is topical, by injection or oral.

The present method and composition are particularly effective for controlling insects of, inter alia, the orders Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, Orthoptera, Anoplura, Siphonaptera, Mallophaga, Thysanura, Isoptera, Psocoptera and Hymenoptera, as well as representatives of the order Acarina of the families Ixodidae, Argasidae, Tetranychidae and Dermanyssidae.
In addition said method and composition are effective in controlling flies, e.g. Musca domestica, termites, cockroaches and mosquito larvae. The presently claimed method and composition is also suitable for controlling plant-destructive feeding insects in ornamentals and crops of useful plants, especially in cotton (e.g. against Spodoptera littoralis and Heliothis virescens) and in fruit and vegetables (e.g. against Laspeyresia pomonella, Cydia pomonella, Lithocolletis blancardella, Stigmella malella, Adoxophyes orana, Psylla piri, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, phyllocnistis citrella, Cydia molesta, Anarsia lineatella, Leptinotarsa decemlineata and Epilachna varivestis), as well as for controlling several species of mites, e.g., oleivora.
The present method and composition are further effective for controlling ectoparasites such as Lucilia sericata, in domestic animals and productive livestock, e.g. by treating animals, cowsheds, barns, stables, pastures and the like.
According to a particular embodiment of the present method, the pesticidal composition is used to prepare a tank mix which is then applied via spraying to the area, plant matter or crop needing treatment. The active ingredient concentration in the tank mix is adjusted to the particular application, depending on agricultural or non-agricultural application, the crop and the pest. Although various methods of application may be employed as the skilled artisan may appreciate, spraying is the preferred method of application. Various methods of application can also be employed when necessary. For example, in field crops systemic application via an irrigation system can be combined with foliar application.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, separate application is employed wherein the knock down and long term insecticides are applied separately.

Comparative toxicity of various formulations of novaluron and acet-amiprid suspensions on various agricultural insect pests
Example A1. The toxicity of Rimon SC formulation + Mospilan (acetamiprid) as compared with Rimon SC (Novaluron), and with Mospilan on 1st instars B. tabaci (Table 1) was determined. Cotton seedlings infested with l^-instars nymphs were treated with 0.5 mg a.i./liter of each of the Rimon formulations (with or without Mospilan) and with 0.08 mg a.i./liter of Mospilan. Pupation was determined 3 weeks after start of assay. Data are averages ± SEM of 5 replicates of 20-90 L1 each (Table 1). Addition of acetamiprid to the Rimon SC formulation improved larval mortality resulting in 35% pupation as compared with 49% pupation for Rimon and 64% for Mospilan.

In Tables 1-4: Means followed by the same letter in the column do not differ statistically at the p=0.05 level.
These results can be added to the improved effect of the combination, as compared to novaluron alone, on adult mortality as shown in the assays below (Examples A2, A3):
Example A2. The effect of Rimon SC formulation containing actamiprid as compared to that of Rimon SC and the Rimon EC formulation on Bemisia tabaci adults (Table 2) was determined. Cotton seedlings treated with Rimon formulations at concentrations of 1 mg a.i./liter Rimon EC and 5 mg a.i./liter of each of the Rimon SC

formulations (with or without Mospilan) were exposed to B. tabaci adults for 48 h. Adult mortality was then determined. Data are average ± SEM of 5 replicates of 15-19 adults each. The Rimon 100 SC containing acetamiprid (Mospilan) resulted in high toxicity to B. tabaci adults. The others had no effect.

Example A3. The effect of the above formulations on B. tabaci adults (Table 3) was determined. Cotton seedlings treated with 5 mg a.i./liter of each of the Rimon formulation (with or without Mospilan) and with 0.8 mg a.i./liter of the Mospilan formulation were exposed to B. tabaci adults for 48 hrs. Adult mortality was then determined. Data are averages ± SEM of 5 replicates of 15-19 adults each. The combination Rimon SC +Mospilan provided superior effect as compared to Rimon EC and SC formulations used alone. The combined effect of Rimon SC +Mospilan resulted in 68% mortality which was similar to that obtained with Mospilan alone (66% mortality).

Example B1. The effect of Rimon and Mospilan formulations on B. tabaci egg hatch and pupation (Table 4) was examined. Cotton seedlings infested with 0-1-d-old eggs of B. tabaci were treated with Rimon formulations at a concentration of 0.5 mg a.i./liter (with or without Mospilan) and with Mospilan at a concentration of 0.08 mg a.i./liter. Egg hatch and pupation were then determined. Data are average ± SEM of 5 replicates of 20-70 eggs each. Mospilan enhanced the toxicity of novaluron as a result of reduced egg hatch and increased larval mortality. A combined formulation of 0.5 mg a.i./liter Rimon SC and 0.08 mg a.i./liter Mospilan resulted in 30% pupation as compared with 76% with Rimon SC and 61% pupation with Mospilan.

Conclusions
The above results clearly indicate that acetamiprid improves the activity of novaluron on egg hatch and on larvae of B. tabaci. This along with the contribution of acetamiprid to adult mortality renders the combined formulation of a potential importance for controlling B. tabaci under field conditions. The combination has beneficial effect as compared to treatment of each component alone, when considering all stages of the development of the pest

Evaluation of insecticide CMT-101 on control of Keiferia lycopersicella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato
Materials and Methods
Trial was established in a tomato crop (cv Mountain Fresh) in Alajuela, Costa Rica,
during September to November 2008. Each treatment plot consisted of 30 plants with 4
replications. Treatments were: CMT101 (novaluron + imidacloprid) at 1.0 ml/L; 1.5
ml/L; 2.0 ml/L and 2.5 ml/L with a water volume of 500 L/ha. Rimon 10 EC (novaluron),
Kohinor 70 WG (imidacloprid), and an untreated check were also evaluated (Table 1).
Commercial treatment including a tank mix of Actara 25 WG (0.7 g/L) (thiamethoxam) +
Sunfire 24 SC (0.6 ml/L) (clorfenapyr) was additionally examined.
All chemical treatments were applied to foliage twice at 32 and 39 days after transplant.
Evaluation was made on 20 new growths per replication, at -1, 0, 2, 5, 11, 16, 21, 26 and
32 days after the first application.
To evaluate whitefly nymphs and eggs, a total of 10 square inches per replication were
evaluated from leaves number 4 (being leaf 1, first fully unfolded). One square inch by
leaf number 4 was marked randomly and then analyzed under stereoscope, and "alive"
nymphs and eggs were counted.

Plants treated with Kohinor had higher Keiferia populations than untreated plants and higher Keiferia populations compared to the other treatments.
3 g/100L novaluron and 17.5 g/100 L imidacloprid (CMT-101 1.0 ml) provided similar effect as Rimon at a higher dosage of 5 g/100L novaluron (Rimon 10 EC 0.5 ml/L).
Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)
Only Rimon and the untreated check show no control of whitefly adults (Figure 2). CMT 101 treatments provided a better control of whitefly adults as compared to Rimon alone. CMT 101 at a lower dosage of imidacloprid provided similar effect on adults as compared to a higher dosage of imidacloprid used alone (after 2 days).
Numbers of nymphs were highest on the untreated check (Figure 3). Until more than 20 days after chemical application CMT 101 treatments showed fewer nymphs than Rimon (novaluron) treatment, even at lower novaluron concentration in CMT 101 as compared to a higher dosage of novaluron used alone. CMT 101 1.0 ml/L containing Novaluron 3 g/100L and Imidacloprid 17.5 g/100L and CMT 101 1.5 containing Novaluron 4.5 g/100L and Imidacloprid 26.25 g/100L provided better control on nymphs after 11 days and a similar order of control on nymphs as compared to Imidacloprid alone at a concentration of 52.5 g/100L (Kohinor 70 WG) after 16 and 26 days. CMT 101 treatments showed fewer eggs than Rimon treatment, even at lower dosage of novaluron in CMT 101 (3 g/100L) as compared to higher dosage novaluron (5 g/100L) used alone (Figure 4).
CMT 101 at a lower dosage of imidacloprid provided similar order of effect on eggs as compared to a higher dosage of imidacloprid used alone.
CONCLUSIONS
CMT-101 controls whiteflies and Keiferia lycopersicella.
• Imidacloprid and novaluron, provided a superior effect as compared to individual
components on control of whiteflies.
• The overall effect is better as compared to treatment of each component alone,
when considering all stages of the development of pest.

Evaluation of the efficacy of novaluron and acetamiprid tank mixes for codling moth (Cydia pomonella) control in apples at Alto Valle, Rio Negro. Argentina.
General
• Cultivar:
Apples - Red delicious. Planting distance 4 X 4 m. The crop presented high infestation level of codling moth (Cydia pomonella). Population level was monitored by pheromone traps that were placed at the trial location.
• Location:
Cinco Saltos, Rio Negro, Argentina
Treatments
• The products that were used in the trials:
Rimon Supra (Novaluron 100 g/1 SC)
Mospilan (Acetamiprid 20 % SP)
Cotnion (Azinfos Methyl 200 g/1 SC)
Calypso (Thiacloprid 480 g/1 SC)
CMT 210 (tank mixes of Mospilan and Rimon Supra)
• Treatments were in intervals of 14 days.
• All treatments are in gr. or cc per 100 liters.
• Trial design: the trials were laid out using a randomised complete block design
with four replicates. Plot size was two rows.
• Equipment: high volume sprayer, working pressure 150 psi. Spray volume 3.2
L/tree-2000L/ha.
• Evaluation:
At harvest [February - March 2008], 200 fruits per plot were monitor to determine the level of damage [%].
• Results are average of 6 trials.
Results and Conclusions:
- Rimon Supra at 100 cc and its lower dose mixtures with Mospilan gave the best results.
- Mospilan alone at 20 gr gave the lowest efficacy.
- Combination of acetamiprid and novaluron (tank mix of Mospilan 12.5 gr+ Rimon
50cc) at a lower rate of each as compared to novaluron alone (100cc) and Mospilan alone
(20gr) provided similar result to Novaluron alone and better results as compared to
Mospilan alone.The tank mix of Mospilan 12.5 and Rimon 75 and the tank mixes of
Mospilan 20 with Rimon 50 or 75 provided similar effect to Rimon alone at 100 cc.

Annex 4 -Efficacy of CMT 101 foliar application in tomato tuber moth control (Tuta absoluta)
Objective
Assessing the efficacy of CMT 101 in tomato tuber moth control.
Materials and Methods
Three trials were performed on Tomato crop in La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). See details of each trial in table A, and treatments in table B.
The applications were performed with a backpack of Constant pressure with a vertical bar, the experimental design was randomized in blocks with four repetitions and parcels made in double Hills of 7 lineal meters each.
Assessments were done before the application and 3, 7 and 14 days later the number of fresh damage and live larvae per plant was assessed in 6 plants per parcel. With this data the average per parcel was calculated and with this value the percentage of control according to Henderson & Tilton formula. The variance analysis was performed and medium values were compared by the Duncan multiple range test with 5 % of probability.

Results
Table 1 shows the evolution of the fresh damage of live larvae in moth per plant in the check parcels. The densities observed were high (considering that the threshold is 1-2 fresh damages per plant), creating an adequate environment to assess the efficacy of insecticide for moth.
The analysis showed difference between the treatments for each separated trial (table 2) and for the average of the tree trials in table 3.
All the treatments presented a control statistically higher than the non treated check.
• Compared to 50 cc.hl-1 of Rimon Supra + oil CMT 101 + oil reached a control
statistically higher.
CMT 101 is more efficient and with better knockdown against the tuber moth larva than Rimon Supra, which is clearly shown by the difference in fresh damage control.

Fitotoxicty
No symptoms were shown in any of the treatments.
Conclusions.

While embodiments of the invention have been described by way of illustration, it will be apparent that the invention may be carried out with may modifications, variations and adaptations, without departing from its spirit or exceeding the scope of the claims.

We claim:
1. An insecticidal compostition comprising (a) at least one insecticidal compound with
effective knock-down action selected from the group (A) consisting of imidacloprid and
acetamiprid, and (b) novaluron, for the use in insect control in crops, and locus thereof,
wherein the weight to weight ratio between the (A) insecticides and novaluron is in the range
of 1:10 to 10:1.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said insecticidal composition contains
excipients and/or additives and/or surface active agents.

The invention discloses an insecticidal compostition comprising (a) at least one insecticidal compound with effective knock-down action selected from the group (A) consisting of imidacloprid and acetamiprid, and (b) at least one insecticidal compound with effective long-term action comprising novaluron, for the use in insect control in crops, and locus thereof.

AN INSECTICIDAL COMPOSITION

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