Indian Patents
Title of Invention

"A 6-CYCLOPENTYL 4-HYDROXY-5,6-DIHYDRO-2-ONE COMPOUND AND A PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION THEREOF"
Abstract The present invention relates to a 6-cyclopentyl 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one compound of formula (4) wherein: R1 is cyclopentyl; R2 is -(CR6R7)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R4 group; R3 is -(CR6R7)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), optionally substituted with at least one R5 group; each R4 is independently selected from halo, -OR6, oxo, -NR6R7, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R6, -C(O)OR6, -OC(O)R6, -NR6C(O)R7, -NR6C(O)OR7, -NR6C(O)NR6R7, -C(O)NR6R7, -SO2NR6R7, -NR6SO2R7, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R5; each R5 is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR6, -CF3, and -CN; each R6 and R7 is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; n is 2; and t is 1 or 2; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-α]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6-chloro[l ,2,4]triazolo[l ,5-α]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[l,2,4]triazolo[l,5-α]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one.
Full Text The present invention relates to a 6-cyclopentyl 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2h-pyran-2-one compound and a pharmaceutical composition thereof.
The present invention relates to compounds useful as inhibitors of the Hepatitis virus (HCV) polymerase enzyme, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds methods of using such compounds and formulations in the treatment of HCV-infecter mammals, such as humans, and methods and interrnediates compounds useful In preparing such compounds.
Background The invention relates to agents that inhibit hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-dependen RNA polymerase (RdRp). The invention also relates to the use of such compounds in pharmaceutical compositions and therapeutic treatments useful tor inhibition of HCV replication.
HCV is an enveloped RMA virus containing a single-setranded positive-sense RNA genome approximately 9,5 kb in length (Chco, et al., Science 244:359-362 (1988)). The RNA genome contains a 5'-nontranslated region (5' NTH) of 341 nucleotides (Brown, et al, Nucl. Acids Res. 20:5041-5045 (1992); Bukh, et aL, Proc Natl. Acad Sci USA 89:4342-4946 (1992)), a large open reading frame (ORF) encoding a single polypeptide of 3,010 to 3,040 amino acids (Choo, et at (1989), supra;), and a 3'-nontrartsiated region (3'-NTR) of variable length of about 230 nucleotides (Kolykhalov, et al„ J. Vlrol. 70:3363-3371 {1996); Tanaka, et
ah, J. Virol 70:3307-3312 (1998)).
The 5' NTR is one of tie most conserved regions of the viral genome and plays a pivoted role in the initiation of translation of the viral polyprotein. A single ORF encodes a poiyprotein that is co- or post-translationally processed into structural (core, E1, and E2) and nonstructural (NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS48, NSSA, and NS5B) viral proteins by either cellular or viral proteinases (Bartenschiager (1997), supra). The 3' NTR consists of three distinct regions: a variable region of about 38 nucleotides following the stop codon of the polyprotein, a polyuridine tract of, variables length with interspersed, substitutions of cystines, and 98 nucleotides (nt) at the very and which are highly conserved among various HCV Isolates. The order of the genes within the genome is: NH2-C-E1-E2-p7-NS2-NS3-NS4A-NS4B-NS5A-NS5B-COOH (Grakoul, et al, J. Virol. 67:f 385-1395 (1993)).
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a member of the hepacrvfrus genus in the family Fleviviridae. it is the major causative agent of non-A, non-B viral hepatitis and is the major cause of translusion-associated hepatitis and accounts for a significant proportion of hepatitis cases worldwide. Although acute HCV Infection is often asymptomatic, nearly 80% of cases
resolve to chronic hepatitis. The persistent property of the HCV infection has been explained' by its ability to escape from the host immune surveillance through hypermutability of the exposed regions in the envelope protein E2 (Weiner, et al., Virology 180:842-848 (1991 ); Weiner, et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. ScL USA 89:3468-3472 (1992). Processing of the structural proteins core (C), envelope protein 1 and (E1 , E2), and the p7 region is mediated by host signal peptidases. In contrast, maturation of the nonstructural (NS) region is accomplished by two viral enzymes. The HCV polyprotein is first cleaved by a host signal peptidase generating the structural proteins C/E1 , E1/E2, E2/p7, and p7/NS2 (Hijikata, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. ScI. USA 88:5547-5551 (1991); Lin, et al., J. Virol. 68:5063-5073 (1994)). The NS2-3 proteinase, which is a metalloprotease, then cleaves at the NS2/NS3 junction. The NS3/4A proteinase complex (NS3 serine protease/NS4A cofactor), then at all the remaining cleavage sites (Bartenschlager, et al., J. Virol. 67:3835-3844 (1993); Bartenschlager, (1997), supra). RNA helicase and NTPase activities have also been identified in the NS3 protein. The N-terminal one-third of the NS3 protein functions as a protease, and the remaining two-thirds of the molecule acts as a helicase/ATPase, which is thought to be involved in HCV replication (Bartenschlager, (1997), supra). NS5A may be phosphorylated and act as a putative cofactor of NS5B. The fourth viral enzyme, NS5B, is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and a key component responsible for replication of the viral RNA genome (Lohmann, et al., J. Virol. 71 :8416-8428 (1997)). Replication of HCV is thought to occur in membrane-associated replication complexes. Within these, the genomic plus-strand RNA is transcribed into minus-strand RNA, which in turn can be used as a template for synthesis of progeny genomic plus strands. Two viral proteins appear to be involved in this reaction: the NS3 protein, which carries in the carboxy terminal two-thirds a nucleoside triphosphatase/ RNA helicase, and the NS5B protein, which is a membrane-associated phosphoprotein with an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity (RdRp) (Hwang, et al., J. Virol. 227:439-446 (1997)). While the role of NS3 in RNA replication is less clear, NS5B apparently is the key enzyme responsible for synthesis of progeny RNA strands. Using recombinant baculoviruses to express NS5B in insect cells and a synthetic nonviral RNA as a substrate, two enzymatic activities have been identified as being associated with NS5B. The two activities include a primer-dependent RdRp and a terminal transferase (TNTase) activity. NS5B's activity was confirmed and further characterized through the use of the HCV RNA genome as a substrate (Lohmann, et al., Virology 249:108-118 {1998)). Recent studies have shown that NS5B with a C-terminal 21 amino-acid truncation expressed in Escherichia coli is also active for in vitro RNA synthesis (Ferrari, et al., J. Virol. 73:1649-1654 (1999); Yamashita, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 273:15479- 15486 (1998)).

[0013] Since persistent infection of HCV is related to chronic hepatitis and eventually to hepatocarcinogenesis, HCV replication is one of the targets to eliminate HCV reproduction and to prevent hepatocellular carcinoma. Unfortunately, present treatment approaches for

[0014] HCV infection are characterized by relatively poor efficacy and an unfavorable side-effect profile. Therefore, intensive effort is directed at the discovery of molecules to treat this disease, including the discovery of drugs designed to inhibit HC replication, as there is a persistent need for non-peptide, small-molecule compounds that are HCV RdRp inhibitors having desirable or improved physical and chemical properties appropriate for pharmaceutical applications.

[0015] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to compounds of the formula 1

[0016]

and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, metabolites, prodrugs and solvates thereof, wherein:

[0017] W-Z is -C(=O)-C(-R)(H)- or -C(-OR)=C(-R)-, wherein when W-Z is -C(-OR)=C(-

[0018] R)-; each R is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, (C3-C10) cycloalkyl, 4- to 10-membered heterocyclic, and C6-Ci0 aryl, wherein the foregoing R groups, except H, are optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents selected from

[0019] R;

[0020] R is selected from the group of R substituents, -(CRR)t(C6-C10 aryl), -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -(CRR)qC(O)(CRR),(C6-C10 aryl), -(CRR)qC(O)(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -(CRR)tO(CRR)q(C6-C10 aryl), -(CRR)tO(CRR)q(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -(CRRJqSOn(CRRMC6-C1 " aryl), and -(CRR)qSOn(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein q and t are each independently an integer from 0 to 5, n is an integer from 0 to 2, the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 5 R groups, and with the proviso that R is not H; R is hydrogen, -OR, -SR, -NRR, and the group of R substituents;

[0021] R is selected from the group of R substituents except R is not H; - A -

[0022] each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, azido, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)NR, -C(O)NRR, -NRR, -NROR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, -(CRRJ1(C6-C10 aryl)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R-0-, R-SOn- (wherein n is an integer from O to 2), and oxo (=0), and wherein the alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents selected from R; each R is independently selected from halo, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OR, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, 4- to 10- membered heterocyclic, oxo (=0), -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)NR, -C(O)NRR, -NRR, -NROR, -NRSO2R and -SO2NRR, wherein the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R; each R and R is independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl,

[0023] -(CRRX(C6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from O to 5, 1 or 2 ring carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group are optionally substituted with an oxo (=0) moiety, and the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R and R groups are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, C1- C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from O to 5; each R and R is independently selected from H and C1-C4 alkyl; and each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, -C(O)O-R, -OR, -C(O)(CRRJpC(O)OR, wherein p is an integer from 1 to 5, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, and -NRR.

[0024] The present invention also relates to compounds of formula (1), wherein:

[0025] W-Z is -C(=0)-C(-R)(H)- or-C(-OR)=C(-R)-; each R is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, Q2-Ce alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, (C3-C10)' cycloak^l^4 ^ 1,0-membered heterocyclic, and C6-C10 aryl,. wherein the foregoing R groups, except H, are optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents selected from

[0026] R;

[0027] R is selected from the group of R substituents, -(CRRMC3-C10 cycloalkyl), -

[0028] (CRRMC6-C10 aryl), -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -(CRR)qC(O)(CRR)t(C6-C10 aryl), -(CRR)qC(O)(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -(CRR)tO(CRR)q(C6-C10 aryl), -(CRR)tO(CRR)q(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -(CRR)qSOn(CRR)t(C6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR)qSOn(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein q and t are each independently an integer from 0 to 5, n is an integer from 0 to 2, the alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 5 R groups, and with the proviso that R is not H; R is hydrogen, -OR, -SR, -NRR, and the group of R substituents;

[0029] R is selected from the group of R substituents; each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, azido, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, - (CRR)tN(R)2) -(CRR)tNRC(O)R, -(CRR)tOR, ~(CRR)tC(O)R, -(CRR), C(O)OR, - (CRR),C(O)R, -(CRR), NRC(O)R, -(CRR),NRC(O)OR -(CRR),NRC(O)NR, - (CRRJ1C(O)NRR, -(CRR),NRR, -(CRR),NROR, -(CRRJ1SO2NRR, (CRR),N RSO2R, -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), -(CRR)t(4-10

[0030] * R B membered heterocyclic)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R -O-, R -SOn- (CRRJt- (wherein n is an integer from O to 2), and oxo (=0), and wherein the alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents selected from R; each R is independently selected from halo, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OR, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, 4- to 10- membered heterocyclic, oxo (=0), -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)NR, -C(O)NRR, -NRR, -NROR, -NRSO2R and -SO2NRR, wherein the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R; each R and R is independently selected from H, cyano, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, -(CRR)t(C6-C1o aryl), and -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), - (CRR)tC(O)R wherein t is an integer from O to 5, 1 or 2 ring carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group are optionally substituted with an oxo (=0) moiety, and the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R and R groups are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halo, cyano, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, -C(O)OR -NRC(O)R, -(CRR)tNRR, -OR, -NC(O)R, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from O to 5; each R and R is independently selected from H and C1-C4 alkyl; and each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, -C(O)OR, -C(O)O-R, -OR, -C(O)(CRR)pC(O)OR, wherein p is an integer from 1 to 5, C1- C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, and -NRR. The present futher relates to a comound of the formula 2

[0031]

and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, metabolites, prodrugs and solvates thereof, wherein: W-Z is -C(-OR)=C(-R)-;

[0032] R is cyclopentyl;

[0033] R is -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from 0 to 5, and the aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 5 R groups, and with the proviso that R is not H; R is hydrogen, -OR, -SR, -NRR, and the group of R substituents; each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, azido, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)NR, -C(O)NRR, -NRR, -NROR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl) (wherein t is an integer from O to 5), -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R-0-, R-SOn- (wherein n is an integer from O to 2), and oxo (=0), and wherein the alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents selected from R; each R is independently selected from halo, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OR, C3-Ci0 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, 4- to 10- membered heterocyclic, oxo (=O), -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)NR, -C(O)NRR, -NRR, -NROR, -NRSO2R and -SO2NRR, wherein the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R; each R and R is independently selected from H, Ci-C6 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, -

[0034] (CRRMC6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from O to 5, 1 or 2 ring carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group are optionally substituted with an oxo (=O) moiety, and the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R and R groups are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, (CRRMC6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from O to 5; each R and R is independently selected from H and C1-C4 alkyl; and each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, -C(O)O-R, -OR, -C(O)(CRR)pC(O)OR, wherein p is an integer from 1 to 5, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, and NRR.

[0035] The present invention further relates to a compound of the formula (3)

[0036]

and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, prodrugs, and metabolites thereof, wherein:

[0037] W-Z is -C(=O)-C(-R)(H)-; R is cyclopentyl; R is -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from 0 to 5, and the aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 5 R groups, and with the proviso that R is not H; R is hydrogen; each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, azido, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR,

[0038] -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)NR, -C(O)NRR, -NRR, -NROR, -SO2NRR,

[0039] -NRSO2R, -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R-0-, R-SOn-

[0040] (wherein n is an integer from O to 2), and oxo (=0), and wherein the alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents selected from R; each R is independently selected from halo, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, cyano, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -OR, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, 4- to 10- membered heterocyclic, oxo (=0), -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NROR, -NRSO2R and -SO2NRR'; therein the alkyl, foregoing R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 3

each R and R is independently selected from H, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-Ci0 cycloalkyl,

[0041] -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from O to 5, 1 or 2 ring carbon atoms of the heterocyclic group are optionally substituted with an oxo (=0) moiety, and the alkyl, aryl and heterocyclic moieties of the foregoing R and R groups are optionally substituted with 1 to 3 halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, C1- C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, (CRR)t(C6-C10 aryl), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein t is an integer from 0 to 5; each R and R is independently selected from H and C1-C4 alkyl; and each R is independently selected from halo, cyano, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy,

[0042] -C(O)O-R, -OR, -C(O)(CRR)pC(O)OR, wherein p is an integer from 1 to 5, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, and NRR.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, according to formula 1 , R is - (CRR)t(C6-Cio aryl), wherein t is an integer from 2 to 5, and the aryl moiety of said R group is optionally substituted by 1 to 5 R groups, and with the proviso that R is not H; optionally each R is independently selected from halo, nitro, C1-C10 alkyl, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -C(O)NRR , -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic)(wherein t is an integer from O to 5), C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R-0-, and wherein the alkyl, aryl, and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 4 substituents selected from R5, optionally each R is independently selected from halo, trifluoromethyl, C1-C6 alkyl, -OR, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-Ci0 aryl, oxo (=0), -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)NR, -C(O)NRR, -NRR, -NROR, -NRSO2R and -SO2NRR, wherein the alkyl and aryl moieties of the foregoing R groups are optionally substituted by 1 to 3 R; optionally each R is independently selected from halo, trifluoromethyl, -C(O)O-R, -OR, C1-C6 alkyl and NRR; optionally R is -OR, -SR, -NRR, and -(CRR)t(C6-C10 aryl), wherein t is an integer from 2 to 5, and the aryl moiety of said R group is optionally substituted by 1 to 5 R groups.

[0044] In another aspect of the present invention are provided compounds of formula (4),

[0045]

wherein any of the definitions of R, R and R below apply. Also provided are compounds of formula (4a),

[0046]

wherein any of the definitions of R, R and R below apply. Further provided are compounds of formula (4b),

wherein any of the definitions of R, R and R below apply.

[0047] It is specifically contemplated herein that compounds of formula (4) are meant to encompass both compounds of formulae (4a) and (4b), unless otherwise indicated. In a further aspect are provided compounds of formula (4) wherein:

[0048] R is cyclopentyl;

[0049] R is -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0050] R is -(CRRX(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein each of said C6-C10 aryl and 4-10 membered heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alky], C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and Ci-C6 alkyl; n is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; and t is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one. Still another aspect of the present invention provides compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0051] R is cyclopentyl;

[0052] R is -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; R is -(CRR)t(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein said aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; n is 1 or 2; and t is 1 or 2; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2W-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2AV-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/-/-pyran-2-one. Further provided are compounds of formula (4), wherein: R is cyclopentyl; R is -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0053] R is -(CRRMC6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein said aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R,

[0054] -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups (are optionally substituted with at least oriojR;

[0055] , each R is indepefi%nt!y,selected from C1-CO alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; n is 2; and t is 1 or 2; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6-chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one.

[0056] In yet another aspect are afforded compounds of formula (4), wherein: R is cyclopentyl;

[0057] R is -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0058] R is -(CRR),(4-10 membered heterocyclic), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R,

[0059] -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyi, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; n is 2; and t is 1 or 2; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/+pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/-/-pyran-2-one.

[0060] Also provided herein are compounds of formula (4), wherein: R is cyclopentyl;

[0061] R is -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0062] R is -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R,

[0063] -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; n is 2; and t is 1 ; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2AV-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]tria2olo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-t2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one.

[0064] Yet another aspect provides compounds of formula (4), wherein: R is cyclopentyl;

[0065] R is a -(CH2)2(pyridyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazolyl), -(CH2)2(pyrrolyl), -(CH2)2(oxazolyl), -(CH2)2(thiazolyl), -(CH2)2(imidazolyl), -(CH2)2(isoxazolyl), -(CH2)2(isothiazolyl), -(CHa)2(1 ,2,3-triazolyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,3,4-triazolyl), . -(CH2)2(1 ,3,4-thiadiazolyl),

[0066] (CH2)2(pyridazinyl), -(CH2)2(pyrimidinyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazinyl), or -(CH2)2(1 ,3,5-triazinyl) group, each of which is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0067] R is -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; and t is 1 or 2; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyciopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2W-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/-/-pyran-2-one.

[0068] Further provided are compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0069] R is cyclopentyl;

[0070] R is a -(CH2)2(pyridyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazolyl), -(CH2)2(pyrrolyl), -(CH2)2(oxazolyl), -(CH2)2(thiazolyl), -(CH2)2(imidazolyl), -(CH2)2(isoxazolyl), -(CH2)2(isothiazolyl), -(CHu)2(1 ,2,3-triazolyl), -(CH2J2(1 ,3,4-triazolyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,3,4-thiadiazolyl), (CH2)2(pyridaziny!), -(CH2)2(pyrimidinyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazinyl), or -(CH2)2(1 ,3,5-triazinyl) group, each of which is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0071] R is -(CH2)(4-10 membered heterocyclic), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R,

[0072] -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; and each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/-/-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one.

[0073] Still another aspect provides compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0074] R is cyclopentyl;

[0075] R is a -(CH2)2(pyridyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazolyl), -(CH2)2(pyrrolyl), -(CH2)2(oxazolyl), -(CH2)2(thiazolyl), -(CH2)2(imidazolyl), -(CH2)2(isoxazolyl), -(CH2)2(isothiazolyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,2,3-triazolyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,3,4-triazolyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,3,4-thiadiazolyl),

[0076] (CH2)2(pyridazinyl), -(CH2)2(pyrimidinyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazinyl), or -(CH2)2(1 ,3,5-triazinyl) group, each of which is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0077] R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R,

[0078] -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2N ^IRRRR,,

[0079]

each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one.

[0080] Yet another aspect affords compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0081] R is cyclopentyl; R is a -(CH2)2(pyridyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazolyl), -(CH2)2(pyrroiyl), -(CH2)2(oxazolyl),

[0082] -(CH2)2(thiazolyl), -(CH2)2(imidazolyl), -(CH2)2(isoxazolyl), -(CH2)2(isothiazolyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,2,3-tria2olyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,3,4-triazolyl), -(CH2)2(1 ,3(4-thiadiazolyl),

[0083] (CH2)2(pyridazinyl), -(CH2)2(pyrimidinyl), -(CH2)2(pyrazinyl), or -(CH2)2(1 ,3,5-triazinylO group, each of which is optionally substituted with at least one R group; R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), optionally substituted with at least one

[0084] R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; and each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran~2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2AV-pyran-2-one.

[0085] Further still are compounds of formula (4), wherein: R is cyclopentyl;

[0086] R is -(CH2)2(pyridyl) or -(CH2)2(pyrazolyl), each of which is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0087] R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R,

[0088] -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; and each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/-/-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2W-pyran-2-one.

[0089] In still another aspect are compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0090] R is cyclopentyl;

[0091] R is -(CH2)2(pyridyl) or -(CH2)2(pyrazolyl), each of which is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo, C1-C6 alkyl, -OR, and -NRR;

[0092] R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo and C1-C6 alkyl; and each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one. Further still are provided compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0093] R is cyclopentyl;

[0094] R is -(CH2)2(pyridyl) optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo, C1-C6 alkyl, -OR, and -NRR;

[0095] R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo and C1-C6 alkyl; and each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2/-/-pyran-2-one.

[0096] Also provided are compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0097] R is cyclopentyl; R is-(CH2)2(pyrazolyl) optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo, C1-C6 alky], -OR, and -NRR;

[0098] R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo and CrC6 alkyl; and each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, 3-[(6- chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]- 4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one, or 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidih-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2AV-pyran-2-one. In yet another aspect are compounds selected from:

[0099] 6-[2-(6-amino-5-ethyl-2-methylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(4-ethylpyridin-2- yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0100] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(4-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0101] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin- 2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0102] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0103] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2- ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5- methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0104] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-[2-(2- isopropylpyridi[eta]-4-yl)ethjyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; '
[0105]


[0106] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-6- methylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0107] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0108] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5- propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazo[o[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0109] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methylCi ^^ltriazoloCi .[delta]-aJpyrimidin^-yOmethyO-[delta].[theta]-dihydro^H-pyra[pi]^-one;

[0110] 6-{2-[2,6-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0111] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(6-ethyl-3- methoxypyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0112] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(1 -ethyl-1 H- pyrazol-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-[2-(1 - isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0113] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethy][1 ,2,4]triazo]ot1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-[2-(5- methoxy-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0114] 6-{2-[2,6-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0115] 5-bromo-1 -(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)pyridin-2(1 H)-one;

[0116] 1-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-5-ethylpyridin-2(1 H)-one; 2-[3-chloro-5-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0117] (+)-6-{2-[2,6-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0118] (-)-6-{2-[2,6-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0119] (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5- methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0120] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-t(5,7-dimethylt1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5- methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (+)-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (-)-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 l5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2- ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0121] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2- ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0122] (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5- propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0123] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5- propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (+)-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; and (-)-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0124] A further aspect of the present invention provides compounds of formula (4), wherein: R is cyclopentyl;

[0125] R is -(CRR)n(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR)n(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein each of said C6-C10 aryl and 4-10 membered heterocyclic groups is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0126] R is -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic) substituted with at least one R, and further optionally substituted with at least one Ci-C6 alkyl; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, Ci-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said CrC6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; R is halogen, oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-Ci0 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and Ci-C6 alkyl; n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; and t is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-{2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(2- cyclopropyl-6-hydroxypyrimidin-4-yl)methyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3/V)-dione, methyl {5-[(6- cyclopentyl-6-{2-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluorophenyl]ethyl}-2,4-dioxotetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-3- yl)methyl]isoxazol-3-yl}carbamate; or 6-[2-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl- 3-[(3-pyridin-2-yl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydro-2AY-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione.

[0127] In yet another aspect are compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0128] R is cyclopentyl;

[0129] R is -(CRR)n(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR)n(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein each of said C6-C10 aryl and 4-10 membered heterocyclic groups is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0130] R is -(CH2)(4-10 membered heterocyclic) substituted with at least one R, and further optionally substituted with at least one C1-C6 alkyl; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0131] R is halogen, oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; and t is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-{2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(2- cyclopropyl-6-hydroxypyrimidin-4-yl)methyl]dihydro-2AV-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, methyl {5-[(6- cyclopentyl-6-{2-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-fluorophenyl]ethyl}-2,4-dioxotetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-3- yl)methyl]isoxazol-3-yl}carbamate; or 6-[2-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl-

[0132]


[0133] R is -(CH2)2(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CH2)2(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein each of said C6-C-I0 aryl and 4-10 membered heterocyclic groups is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0134] R is -(CH2)(4-10 membered heterocyclic) substituted with at least one R, and further optionally substituted with at least one C1-C6 alkyl; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; R is halogen, oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 aikyl; n is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; and t is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, with the proviso that the compound of formula (4) is not 6-{2-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(2- cyclopropyl-6-hydroxypyrimidin-4-yl)methyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione, methyl {5-[(6- cyclopentyl-6-{2-[4-(difluoromethyl)-3-fiuorophenyl]ethyl}-2,4-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-3- yl)methyl]isoxazol-3-yl}carbamate; or 6-t2-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl- 3-[(3-pyridin-2-yl-1 ,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3/-/)-dione.

[0135] In addition, herein are provided compounds selected from:

[0136] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1 ,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; ethyl 2-[(6-{2-[3-chloro-4-(1-cyano-1-methylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo- 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)methyl][1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate;

[0137] 6-[2-(5-chioro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-3-[(1 -methyl-3-pyrazin-2-yl- 1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0138] 6-[2-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-3-[(1-methyl-3-pyridin-2-yl- 1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-[2-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-3-[(1 -methyl-3-phenyl-1H- 1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0139] 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-{[1 -methyl-3-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5- yl]methyl}-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluorophenyl}-2-methylpropanenitrile; 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-5-{[1 ,3-dimethyi-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]methyl}-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluorophenyl}-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0140] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-[(1-methyl-3-pyrazin-2-yl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(3-ethyl-1-methyl-5-morpholin-4-yl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy- 6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1 ,3-dimethyl-5-morpholin-4-yl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methy!propanenitrile; and 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-5-{[3-(difluoromethyl)-5-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4- yl]methyl}-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluorophenyl}-2- methylpropanenitrile; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0141] In a still further aspect of the present invention are afforded compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0142] R is cyclopentyl; R is -(CRR)n(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is substituted with at least one R group, and is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0143] R is -(CRR)t(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein said aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from -0(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -S(4-10 membered heterocyclic), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic); each R is independently selected from halo, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from Ci-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; n is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; and t is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0144] Another aspect provides compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0145] R is cyclopentyl;

[0146] R is -(CH2)2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is substituted with at least one R group, and is optionally substituted with at least one R group; R is -(CRRX(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein said a arryyll a arnd heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from -0(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -S(4-10 membered heterocyclic), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic); each R is independently selected from halo, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; and t is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0147] Also provided herein are compounds of formula (4), wherein: R is cyclopentyl;

[0148] R is -(CH2)2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is substituted with at least one R group, and is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0149] R is -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl) or -(CH2)(4-10 membered heterocyclic), wherein said aryl and heterocyclic moieties of said R groups are optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from -0(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -S(4-10 membered heterocyclic), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic); each R is independently selected from halo, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; and t is O or 1 ; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Further still, provided herein are compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0150] R is cyclopentyl;

[0151] R is ~(CH2)2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is substituted with at least one R group, and is optionally substituted with at least one R ,, - , . heterocyclic moieties

of said R groups are optionally substituted with at least one R each R is independently selected from -0(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -S(4-10 membered heterocyclic), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic); each R is independently selected from halo, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said CrC6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; and t is O or 1 ; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0152] In yet another aspect are compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0153] R is cyclopentyl;

[0154] R is -(CH2)2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is substituted with at least one R group, and is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0155] R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo and C1-C6 alkyl; each R is independently selected from -0(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -S(4-10 membered heterocyclic), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic); each R is independently selected from halo, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R,

[0156] -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; and t is O or 1 ; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0157] Further still are compounds of formula (4), wherein:

[0158] R is cyclopentyl; R is -(CH2)2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is substituted with at least one R group, and is optionally substituted with at least one R group;

[0159] R is -(CH2)([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl), substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo and C1-C6 alkyl; each R is independently selected from -0(4-10 membered heterocyclic), -S(4-10 membered heterocyclic), and -(CRR)t(4-10 membered heterocyclic); each R is independently selected from halo, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; each R is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl, halo, -OR, -CF3, and -CN; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alky]; and t is 0 or 1 ; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Also provided are compounds selected from: 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolot1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1 H-

[0160] 1 ,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0161] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1H- pyrazol-1 -ylmethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0162] 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0163] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1 ,3- thiazol-2-yloxy)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0164] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-

[0165] (morpholin-4-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1 ,3- oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0166] 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-3-([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0167] 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0168] (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-

[0169] (1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0170] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-

[0171] (1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; and 6-cyclopentyl-3-t(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-

[0172] (pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0173] In yet a further aspect of the present invention are provided compounds selected from: 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4- hydroxy-2-propoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0174] [4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]acetonitrile;

[0175] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(3-ethyl-4- methylphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (6R)-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0176] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-

[0177] 4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4- methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0178] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-2,4- dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0179] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0180] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4- hydroxy-2-isopropoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0181] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-2- hydroxy-4-propoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0182] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-propoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0183] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 (2l4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4- hydroxy-2-isobutoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0184] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4- hydroxy-3-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0185] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4- hydroxy-2-propoxy-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-oxo-

[0186] 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-methylphenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0187] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1 ,3-dimethyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; > ,, - , ,

[0188]

pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyi]<:>2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0189] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-[(1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H- pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0190] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-5-[(1 ,3,5-trimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-3,6-dihydro-

[0191] 2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1 ,5-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-

[0192] 2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0193] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1 -ethyl-3-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; 2-[4-(2-{5-[(5-chloro-1 ,3-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyI]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0194] 2-{4-[2-(5-{[5-chloro-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl]methyl}-2-cyclopentyl-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluorophenyl}-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0195] 2-(2-chloro-4-{2-[2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-(imidazo[1 ,2-b][1 ,2,4]triazin-6-ylmethyl)-6-oxo-3I6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]ethyl}phenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0196] 6-[2-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyi-3-[(1 -ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-4- yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0197] 6-[2-(3-chloro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(1-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-4- yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(2-ethyl-5-oxo-5H-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0198] 2-[2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1 ,3-dimethyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-

[0199] 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0200] 2-[2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1-ethyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0201] 2-[2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-[(1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0202] 2-[2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-5-[(1 ,3,5-trimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-

[0203] 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethylt1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0204] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4- hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0205] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-oxo- 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluoro-5-hydroxyphenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0206] [4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-[(6-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-oxo-

[0207] 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]acetonitrile;

[0208] [4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolot1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetonitrile; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dim8thyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-ethylbutanenitrile;

[0209] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(3-ethyl-1 -methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; and

[0210] 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(1-ethyl-5-methyl-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3)6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. In yet another aspect of the present invention are afforded compounds selected from:

[0211] (+)-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]acetonitrile;

[0212] (-)-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]acetonitrile; (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4- hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1 -benzofuran-7-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0213] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethylt1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4- hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1 -benzofuran-7-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0214] (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5- ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0215] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5- ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0216] (+)-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (-)-6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0217] (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4- hydroxy-3-(2(2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; and

[0218] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4- hydroxy-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0219] Furthermore, the present invention comprises compounds selected from:

[0220] N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5>7-dimethyl[1 I2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]methanesulfonamide; N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-oxo-

[0221] 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]methanesulfonamide;

[0222] N-(4-{2-[2-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-5-([1,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]ethyl}-2-ethylphenyl)methanesulfonamide; N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]ethanesulfonamide;

[0223] N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenyl]propane-1 -sulfonamide; methyl 4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzoate;

[0224] 6-cyclopentyl-6-(2-{4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-3-ethylphenyl}ethyl)-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0225] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-

[0226] (methoxymethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethyl-N-methylbenzamide;

[0227] 6-{2-[4-(aminomethyl)-3-ethylphenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; tert-butyl 4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2(4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzylcarbamate;

[0228] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(4-{[(cyclopropylmethyl)amino]methyl}-3-ethylphenyl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7- dimethylCi ^^^riazoloCI ^-alpyrimidin^-yOmethy[pi]^-hydroxy-[delta].[theta]-dihydro^H-pyran^-one; N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-t(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl]methanesulfonamide; N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl]acetamide;

[0229] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[5-ethyl-2-(3- methoxypropyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-:2-one; - ,, - ..

[0230]

methoxypropyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0231] N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7:dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazo!o[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorobenzyl]acetamide;

[0232] N-{1-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethylt1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy- 6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-1-methylethyl}methanesulfonamide; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[4-

[0233] (ethylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0234] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-(2-{4-

[0235] [(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl}ethyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; tert-butyl 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenoxy]ethyl(methyl)carbamate; tert-butyl 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenoxy]ethylcarbamate;

[0236] 6-{2-[4-(2-arninoethoxy)-3-ethylphenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0237] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-(2-{3-ethyl-4-[2-

[0238] (methylamino)ethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0239] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[5-fluoro-4-

[0240] (hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; N-{(1 R)-1 -[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]ethyl}etrianesulfonamide;

[0241] N-{(1 R)-1 -[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonamide;

[0242] N-{(1 R)-1 -[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]ethyl}methanesulfonamide; tert-butyl (1 R)-1 -[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]ethylcarbamate;

[0243] 6-(2-{4-[(1 R)-1-aminoethyl]phenyl}ethyl)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-[2-(5-acetyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0244] 6-{2-[3-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethylt1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 l5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-diriydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0245] 4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorobenzoic acid;

[0246] 2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)benzoic acid;

[0247] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4-(1- hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-3-methylpr[iota]enyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4- (hydroxymethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-{2-[3-chloro-4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-3- ([1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-{2-[3-chloro-4-(1 -hydroxy-1 -methylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2)4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-{2-[3-chloro-4-(1 -hydroxy-1 -methylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 6-{2-[3-chloro-4-(1 -hydroxy-1 -methylethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-3-[(6-chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-cyclopentyl-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0248] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4-

[0249] (methylsulfonyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; methyl 4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorobenzoate; and methyl 2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]- 4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)benzoate; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

[0250] In still another aspect are compounds selected from: (+)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4- (hydroxymethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0251] (-)-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4- (hydroxymethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; (+)-N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyI[1 ,2,4]triazolot1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl]methanesulfonamide; (-)-N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy- 6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl]methanesulfonamide; (+)-N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolot1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl]acetamide; (-)-N-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy- 6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylbenzyl]acetamide;

[0252] (+)-6-cyclopentyl-6-(2-{4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-3-ethylphenyl}ethyl)-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 )5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; and (-)-6-cyclopentyl-6-(2-{4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-3-ethylphenyl}ethyl)-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Further afforded are compounds selected from:

[0253] {4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-ethylphenyl}acetonitrile;

[0254] N-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2- ethylphenyl}methanesulfonamide; 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl}dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione;

[0255] N-((1 R)-1 -{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2- yl)ethyl]phenyl}ethyl)ethanesulfonamide;

[0256] 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[3-fluoro-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethyl}dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione;

[0257] 6-cyclopentyl-6-(2-{4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl}ethyl)dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione; tert-butyl 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2- ethylphenoxy}ethyl(methyl)carbamate; tert-butyl , 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2- ethylphenoxy}ethylcarbamate; tert-butyl 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-ethyl-5- methoxyphenoxy}ethyl(methyl)carbamate;

[0258] N-((1 R)-1-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]phenyl}ethyl)-2,2,2- trifluoroethanesulfonamide; tert-butyl (1 R)-1 -{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2- yl)ethyl]phenyl}ethylcarbamate; 6-[2-(5-acetyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-cyclopentyldihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)- dione;

[0259] 2-chloro-4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]benzoic acid;

[0260] 6-{2-[3-chloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyldihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione;

[0261] 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}dihydro-2H-pyran- 2,4(3H)-dione;

[0262] 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[3-ethyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]ethyl}dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione; methyl 4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluorobenzoate;

[0263] 4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-d,ioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-fluoroberizoic' acid; - methyl 2-chlo,ro-4r[2-(2<:>C5/,ii1[omicron]rieli!yl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]benzoate; 2-[4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2- methylpropanenitrile;

[0264] [4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-

[0265] (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetonitrile;

[0266] 1-[4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2- (trifluoromethyOphenylJcyclopropanecarbonitrile; 2-[4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2- ethylbutanenitrile; tert-butyl 4-[4-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)butyl]piperidine-1-carboxylate; 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione; 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(6-ethyl-3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione;

[0267] 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-methoxy-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione; and 2-{3-chloro-5-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]pyridin-2-yl}-2- methylpropanenitrile; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The present invention also affords compounds selected from:

[0268] 6-cyclopentyl-6-{2-[2-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl}-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one;

[0269] 6-{2-[2-(cyclobutylmethoxy)-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; 1 -[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-Sj[delta]-dihydro^H-pyran^-ylJethylJphenyllcyclopropanecarbonitrile;

[0270] 3-[(2-amino-7H-purin-6-yl)thio]-6-[2-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-6- cyclopentyldihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione;

[0271] 2-[2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)(methyl)amino]-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0272] 2-[2-chloro-4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4,6- dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanenitrile;

[0273] 1 -[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6- oxo-S.e-dihydro^H-pyran^-ylJethyO^-^rifluoromethyOpheny^cyclopropanecarbonitrile; tert-butyl 4-(4-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}butyl)piperidine-1 -carboxylate; and

[0274] 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-(4- piperidin-4-ylbutyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. The invention also relates to a method for the treatment of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a mammal, such as a human, comprising administering to said mammal an amount of a compound of the present invention or a salt or solvate thereof that is effective in treating HCV. In a further aspect of the present invention are provided methods for the treatment of a mammal, such as a human, suffering from infection with Hepatitis C virus, comprising administering to said mammal a Hepatitis C virus-inhibiting amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, pharmaceutically active metabolite, or solvate thereof.

[0275] The present invention also relates to a method of inhibiting Hepatitis C polymerase, comprising contacting said polymerase with a polymerase-inhibiting amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, pharmaceutically active metabolite, or solvate thereof.

[0276] The present invention is also directed to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of

[0277] Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a mammal, such as a human, comprising an amount of a compound the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, pharmaceutically active metabolite, or solvate thereof, that is effective in treating Hepatitis C virus in an infected mammal, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0278] The present invention is also directed to inhibition of Hepatitis C virus replication in a mammal, such as a human, comprising administering to said mammal a Hepatitis C virus replication-inhibiting amount of a compound of the present invention. The present invention is further directed to a method of inhibiting Hepatitis C virus RdRp protein activity, comprising contacting the protein with an effective amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, pharmaceutically active metabolite, or solvate thereof. For Example, HCV activity may be inhibited in mammalian tissue by administering an HCV-inhibiting agent according to the invention. The present invention also relates to the use of the compounds of the invention in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of a mammal suffering from infection with

[0279] Hepatitis C virus. The medicament may comprise a Hepatitis C virus-inhibiting amount of a compound or compounds of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or carriers. In a further aspect of the present invention are provided compounds of formula (7),

[0280]

wherein:

[0281] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof. Also provided herein are compounds of formula (7a),

[0282]


[0283] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0284] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0285] In yet another aspect are compounds of formula (7b),

[0286]

R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0287] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0288] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-Ci0 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0289] Still further are provided any of the above compounds of formula (7), (7a), or (7b), wherein R is hydrogen or any of the compounds wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl. Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8),

wherein:

[0290] R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or a salt thereof. In still another aspect are provided compounds of formula (8a),

[0291]

wherein:

[0292] R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said CrC6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0293] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl;

[0294] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; and R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0295] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and

[0296] \ n is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or a salt thereof. Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8b), '

[0297]

wherein:

[0298] R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-Ci0 yl 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0299] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl;

[0300] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; and R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0301] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or a salt thereof.

[0302] Still further included herein are any of the above of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein:

[0303] R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl, optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0304] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl;

[0305] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; and

[0306] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0307] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; or a salt thereof.

[0308] Still further included herein are any of the above of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein:

[0309] R is C6-C10 aryl substituted with at least one substituent selected from halo, -OR, -CF3, -CN, and C1-C6 alkyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl is optionally substituted with at least one

[0310] R;

[0311] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; and R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0312] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0313] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6' alkyl, -OH,' -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; ^H^M^ . '. ' or a salt thereof.

[0314] Still further included herein are any of the above of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein: R is C6-C10 aryl substituted with halo and -C(CH3)2CN; and R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; and R is hydrogen; or a salt thereof. Still further included herein are any of the above of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein:, wherein:

[0315] R is C6-C10 aryl substituted with fluorine and -C(CH3)2CN; and R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alky]; and R is hydrogen; or a salt thereof.

[0316] Still further included herein are any of the above of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein: R is C6-C10 aryl substituted with chlorine and -C(CH3)2CN; and R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; and R is hydrogen; or a salt thereof. The present invention also affords compounds of formula (8c),

[0317]

wherein; R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0318] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0319] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0320] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8c), wherein R is hydrogen; or a salt thereof.

[0321] In another aspect of the present invention are provides compounds of formula (8d),

[0322]

wherein:

[0323] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0324] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3,' and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0325] Also provided herein are compounds of formula (8d), wherein R is hydrogen; or a salt thereof. The present invention further provides compounds of formula (8e),

[0326]

wherein:

[0327] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0328] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-Ci0 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0329] In an additional aspect are compounds of formula (8e), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0330] In still an additional aspect of the present invention are afforded compounds of formula (8f),

[0331]

wherein: R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0332] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0333] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0334] Additionally provided are compounds of formula (8f), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0335] In yet another aspect are provided compounds of formula (8g),

[0336]

wherein:

[0337] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0338] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R 13.; and

[0339] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 ary group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0340] Further still are compounds of formula (8g), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0341] In a further aspect of the present invention are provided compounds of formula (8h),

[0342]

wherein:

[0343] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof. In still another aspect are compounds of formula (8h), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0344] The present invention also affords compounds according to any one of formula (8), (8a), (8b), (8c), (8d), (8e), (8f), (8g), and (8h), wherein R is hydrogen, or any of those compounds wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl. Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein:

[0345] R is -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0346] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and Ci-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or Ci-C6 alkyl; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0347] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein:

[0348] R is -(5-6 membered heterocyclic), optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0349] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; and

[0350] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl.

[0351] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8), (8a), or (8b), wherein:

[0352] R is -(4-pyridyl), substituted with at least one C1-C6 alkyl; and

[0353] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl. Also provided herein are compounds of formula (8i),

[0354]

wherein:

[0355] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0356] R is hydrogen Or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0357] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8i), or a salt thereof, wherein R > is hydrogen.

[0358] In still a further aspect of the present invention are afforded compounds of formula

[0359] (8j),

[0360]

wherein: R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0361] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0362] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0363] Further afforded herein are compounds of formula (8j), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0364] Another aspect of the present invention provides compounds of formula (8k),

[0365]

wherein:

[0366] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0367] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8k), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0368] Also provided herein are compounds according to any one of formula (8i), (8j), or (8k), wherein R is hydrogen, or wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl.

[0369] The present invention further provides compounds of formula (8I),

[0370]

wherein:

[0371] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0372] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is optionally from ha[iota]ogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH1 -OCH3, and

or a salt thereof.

[0373] Also afforded herein are compounds of formula (8I), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0374] In yet a further aspect of the present invention are provided compounds of formula (8m),

wherein:

[0375] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alky!)* or a salt thereof.

[0376] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8m), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0377] The present invention further affords compounds of formula (8n),

[0378]

wherein: R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl:

[0379] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0380] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-Ci0 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof. ^

[0381] Also afforded herein are compounds of formula (8n), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0382] Further provided herein are compounds according to any one of formula (8I), (8m), or (8n), wherein R is hydrogen, or wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl. The present invention also provides compounds of formula (8o),

[0383]

wherein:

[0384] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0385] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8o), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0386] Also provided herein are compounds of formula (8p),

[0387]

wherein:

[0388] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0389] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof. Also afforded herein are compounds of formula (8p), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0390] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8q),

[0391]

wherein:

[0392] R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0393] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-CI0 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; or a salt thereof.

[0394] Also afforded herein are compounds of formula (8q), or a salt thereof, wherein R is hydrogen.

[0395] The present invention further provides methods of preparing compounds of formula (8),

[0396]

wherein: R is -(CRR)nC6-C1o aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said

[0397] C6-Ci0 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one

[0398] R group;

[0399]

alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0400] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0401] R is Ci-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(CrC6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; said method comprising: a) treating a compound of formula (6), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and X is halogen or -OSO2CF3, with a compound of formula (7) in the presence of a catalyst, wherejn R ->& : is, as hereinbefore defined,

[0402]


[0403] (6) (7) (8) to afford the compound of formula (8).

[0404] Also afforded herein are methods of preparing compounds of formula (8a),

[0405]

wherein:

[0406] R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, CrC6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said CrC6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0407] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-Ci0 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and CrC6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or CrC6 alkyl;

[0408] R is hydrogen or-C(O)R;

[0409] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; said method comprising: a) treating a compound of formula (6), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and X is halogen, -OSO2CF3, with a compound of formula (7a) in the presence of a catalyst, wherein R is as hereinbefore defined,

[0410]


[0411] (6) (7a) (8a) to afford the compound of formula (8a).

[0412] The present invention also affords methods of preparing compounds of formula (8b),

[0413]

wherein: '

[0414] R is -(CRR)nC6-Ci0 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0415] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0416] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0417] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; said method comprising: a) treating a compound of formula (6), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and X is halogen or -OSO2CF3, with a compound of formula (7b) in the presence of a catalyst, wherein R is as hereinbefore defined,

[0418]


[0419] (6) (7b) (8b) to afford the compound of formula (8a).

[0420] Further provided herein are methods of preparing a compound of formula (9),

[0421]


[0422] (9) wherein:

[0423] R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-C-(O aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one

[0424]

-NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0425] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0426] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0427] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; said method comprising: a) treating a compound of formula (8), wherein R and R are as defined herein, with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst,

[0428]

to afford the compound of formula (9).

[0429] Further provided herein are methods of preparing compounds of formula (9a),

[0430]


[0431] (9a) wherein: R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said

[0432] C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 aikenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0433] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;

[0434] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; R is CrC6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; said method comprising: a) treating a compound of formula (8a), wherein R and R are as defined herein, with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst,

[0435]


[0436] (8a) (9a) to afford the compound of formula (9a). Further provided herein are methods of preparing compounds of formula (9b),

[0437]


[0438] (9b) wherein:

[0439] R is -(CRR)nC6-Ci0 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and n is O, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; said method comprising: a) treating a compound of formula (8b), wherein R and R are as defined herein, with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst,

[0440]

(8b) (9b) to afford the compound of formula (9b).

[0441] Further provided are such methods, wherein said catalyst is selected from palladium and platinum, and such methods wherein said reducing agent is hydrogen. Further provided are such methods, wherein said reducing agent is hydrogen and said catalyst is selected from palladium and platinum.

[0442] Also provided herein are methods of preparing stereoisomerically enriched compounds of formula (7),

[0443]

wherein: R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; and

[0444] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and

[0445] -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; said method comprising: a) treating a compound of formula (7) with a chiral, non-racemic base to afford a mixture of diastereomeric salts; . - > , , , salts from each other p , afford a

stereoisomerically enriched diastereomeric salt; c) converting said stereoisomerically enriched diastereomeric salt into a stereoisomerically enriched compound of formula (7).

[0446] Further provided herein are such methods, wherein said stereoisomerically enriched compound of formula (7) is (7a), or is a compound of formula (7b),

[0447]


[0448] In still another aspect are such above-described methods, wherein said chiral, non- racemic base is a chiral, non-racemic amine. Further provided are such methods wherein said chiral, non-racemic amine is selected from one enantiomer of 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 - napthylamine, 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-napthylamine, 1 -(2-napthyl)ethylamine, 1-(2-napthyl)ethylamine, and norephedrine. Additionally provided are such methods, wherein said chiral, non-racemic amine is (S)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 -napthylamine. Further provided herein are compounds of formula (7c),

[0449]

wherein:

[0450] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0451] R is Ci-C6 alkyl Or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and

[0452] A is a suitable counter-ion.

[0453] In an additional aspect of the present invention are provided compounds of formula (7d),

[0454]

wherein:

[0455] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R; R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; and

[0456] A is a suitable counter-ion.

[0457] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (7e),

[0458]

wherein:

[0459] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0460] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 a!kyl)2; and

[0461] A is a suitable counter-ion.

[0462] In still another aspect of the present invention are provided compounds of formula (7c), (7d), and (7e), wherein said suitable counter-ion is derived from an amine. Also provided are such compounds, wherein said amine is chiral, non-racemic amine. Further provided are such compounds wherein said chiral, non-racemic amine is selected from one enantiomer of 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 -napthylamine, 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 -napthylamine, 1-(2-napthyl)ethylamine, norephedrine, norephedrine. Additionally provided are such methods, wherein said chiral, non-racemic amine is (S)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 -napthylamine. Also provided herein are compounds of formula (8c)

[0463]

wherein:

[0464] R is -(CRR)[pi]C6-C1o aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0465] R Is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl;

[0466] R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0467] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; n is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; and

[0468] A is a suitable counter-ion.

[0469] The present invention further provides compounds of formula (8d)

[0470]

wherein: R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said

[0471] C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R;

[0472] R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-Ci0 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-Qg

[0473]

optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; n is 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5; and A is a suitable counter-ion.

[0474] Also provided herein are compounds of formula (8e)

[0475]

wherein:

[0476] R is -(CRR)nC6-C10 aryl or -(CRR)n(5-6 membered heterocyclic), wherein said C6-C10 aryl or 5-6 membered heterocyclic group is optionally substituted with at least one R group; each R is independently selected from halo, -OR, oxo, -NRR, -CF3, -CN, -C(O)R, -C(O)OR, -OC(O)R, -NRC(O)R, -NRC(O)OR, -NRC(O)NRR, -C(O)NRR, -SO2NRR, -NRSO2R, Ci-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl, wherein said C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, and C2-C6 alkynyl groups are optionally substituted with at least one R; R is oxo, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C6-C10 aryl, -OR, -C(O)OR, -NRR, -CN, and 4-10 membered heterocyclic substituted with R; each R and R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6 alkyl; R is hydrogen or -C(O)R;

[0477] R is C1-C6 alkyl or -(CH2)(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2; n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; and A is a suitable counter-ion.

[0478] Further provided herein are compounds of formula (8c), (8d), and (8e), wherein said suitable counter-ion is derived from an amine. Additionally provided are any of these compounds, wherein the amine is a chiral, non-racemic amine. Further provided are any of these compounds wherein the chiral, non-racemic amine is selected from one enantiomer of

[0479] 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 -napthylamine, 1-(2-napthyl)ethylamine, and norephedrine.

[0480] As used herein, the terms "comprising" and "including" are used in their open, non- limiting sense.

[0481] The term "C1-C6 alkyl", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having straight, branched, or cyclic moieties (including fused and bridged bicyclic and spirocyclic moieties), or a combination of the foregoing moieties, and containing from 1-6 carbon atoms. For an alkyl group to have cyclic moieties, the group must have at least three carbon atoms. A "lower alkyl" is intended to mean an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in its chain. The term "heteroalkyl" refers to a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group having from 2 to 12 atoms in the chain, one or more of which is a heteroatom selected from S, O, and

[0482] N. Exemplary heteroalkyls include alkyl ethers, secondary and tertiary amines, alkyl sulfides and the like.

[0483] The term "C2-C6 alkenyl", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes alkyl moieties having at least one carbon-carbon double bond wherein alkyl is as defined above and including E and Z isomers of said alkenyl moiety, and having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0484] The term "C2-C6 alkynyl", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes alkyl moieties having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond wherein alkyl is as defined above, and containing from 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0485] The term "carbocycle" refers to a saturated, partially saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic, monocyclic or fused or non-fused polycyclic, ring structure having only carbon ring atoms (no heteroatoms, i.e., non-carbon ring atoms). Exemplary carbocycles include cycloalkyl, aryl, and cycloalkyl-aryl groups.

[0486] A "C3-C10 cycloalkyl group" is intended to mean a saturated or partially saturated, monocyclic, or fused or spiro polycyclic, ring structure having a total of from 3 to 10 carbon ring atoms (but no heteroatoms). Exemplary cycloalkyls include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, adamantyl, and like groups. A "heterocycloalkyl group" is intended to mean a monocyclic, or fused or spiro polycyclic, ring structure that is saturated or partially saturated, and has a total of from 3 to 18 ring atoms, including 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Illustrative Examples of heterocycloalkyl groups include pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, aziridinyl, and like groups. The term "C6-C10 aryl", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes an organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by removal of one hydrogen, such as phenyl or naphthyl. The term "phenyl" and the symbol "Ph," as used herein, refer to a C6H5 group.

[0487] The term "4-10 membered heterocyclic", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes aromatic and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups containing one to four heteroatoms each selected from O, S and N, wherein each heterocyclic group has from 4-10 atoms in its ring system, and with the proviso that the ring of said group does not contain two adjacent O or S atoms. Furthermore, the sulfur atoms contained in such heterocyclic groups may be oxidized with one or two sulfur atoms. Non-aromatic heterocyclic groups include groups having only 4 atoms in their ring system, but aromatic heterocyclic groups must have at least 5 atoms in their ring system. The heterocyclic groups include benzo-fused ring systems. An example of a 4 membered heterocyclic group is azetidinyl (derived from azetidine). An example of a 5 membered heterocyclic group is thiazolyl and an example of a 10 membered heterocyclic group is quinolinyl. Examples of non-aromatic heterocyclic groups are pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, thioxanyl, piperazinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, homopiperidinyl, oxepanyl, thiepanyl, oxazepinyl, diazepinyl, thiazepinyl, 1 ,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridinyl, 2-pyrrolinyl, 3-pyrrolinyl, indolinyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyrany[iota], dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxolanyl, pyrazolinyl, dithianyl, dithiolanyl, dihydropyranyl, dihydrothienyl, dihydrofuranyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanyl, 3- azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanyl, 3H-indolyl and quinolizinyl. Examples of aromatic heterocyclic groups are pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, isoindolyl, pteridinyi, purinyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furazanyl, benzofurazanyl, benzothiophenyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, naphthyridinyl, and furopyridinyl. The foregoing groups, as derived from the groups listed above, may be C- attached or N-attached where such is possible. For instance, a group derived from pyrrole may be pyrrol-1-yl (N-attached) or pyrrol-3-yl (C-attached). Further, a group derived from imidazole may be imidazol-1 -yl (N-attached) or imidazol-3-yl (C-attached). An example of a heterocyclic group wherein 2 ring carbon atoms are substituted with oxo (=0) moieties is 1 ,1-dioxo- thiomorpholinyl.

[0488] The term "5-6 membered heterocyclic" means aromatic and non-aromatic heterocyclic groups containing one to four heteroatoms each selected from O, S and N, and wherein each heterocyclic group has a total of from 5 to 6 atoms in its ring system, and with the proviso that the ring of said group does not contain two adjacent O or S atoms. The sulfur atoms contained in such heterocyclic groups may be oxidized with one or two sulfur atoms. Furthermore, any atom in the 5-6 membered heterocyclic group may be substituted with an oxo (=0) group, if such substitution would, result in a stable compound. Examples of non-atomatic heterocyclic groups, include, ' but ..aiW' rj[alpha]l*' limited to, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, thioxanyl, piperazinyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, thietanyl, homopiperidinyl, oxepanyl, thiepanyl, oxazepinyl, diazepinyl, thiazepinyl, 1 ,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridinyl, 2-pyrrolinyl, 3-pyrrolinyl, indolinyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pyranyl, dioxanyl, 1 ,3- dioxolanyl, pyrazolinyl, dithianyl, dithiolanyl, dihydropyranyl, dihydrothienyl, dihydrofuranyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanyl, 3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanyl, 3H-indolyl and quinolizinyl. Examples of aromatic heterocyclic groups include, but are not limited to, pyridinyl, imidazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazinyl, tetrazolyl, furyl, thienyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, cinnolinyl, indazolyl, indolizinyl, phthalazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, isoindolyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, furazanyl, quinazolinyl, and quinoxalinyl. The foregoing groups, as derived from the groups listed above, may be C-attached or N-attached where such is possible. For instance, a group derived from pyrrole may be pyrrol-1-yl (N-attached) or pyrrol-3-yl (C-attached). Further, a group derived from imidazole may be imidazol-1-yl (N-attached) or imidazol-3-yl (C-attached). An example of a heterocyclic group wherein 2 ring carbon atoms are substituted with oxo (=O) moieties is 1 ,1-dioxo-thiomorpholinyl.

[0489] A "heteroaryl group" is intended to mean a monocyclic or fused or spiro polycyclic, aromatic ring structure having from 4 to 18 ring atoms, including from 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Illustrative Examples of heteroaryl groups include pyrrolyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, furyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzthiazolyl, benzodioxinyl, benzodioxolyl, benzooxazolyl, and the like.

[0490] The term "alkoxy", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes O-alkyl groups wherein alkyl is as defined above. The term "amino" is intended to mean the -NH2 radical.

[0491] The terms "halogen" and "halo," as used herein represent fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.

[0492] The term "oxo," as used herein, means a group (=0). Such a group may be bonded to either a carbon atom or a heteroatom in the compounds of the present invention, if such substitution will result in a stable compound.

[0493] The term "trifluoromethyl," as used herein, is meant to represent a group -CF3.

[0494] The term "trifluoromethoxy," as used herein, is meant to represent a group -OCF3.

[0495] The term "cyano," as used herein, is meant to represent a group -CN.

[0496] The term "substituted" means that the specified group or moiety bears one or more substituents. The term "unsubstituted" means that the specified group bears no substituents. The term "optionally substituted" means that the specified group is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents.

[0497] The term "HCV," as used herein, refers to Hepatitis C virus.

[0498] The terms "inhibiting Hepatitis C virus" and "inhibiting Hepatitis C virus replication" mean inhibiting Hepatitis C virus replication either in vitro or in vivo, such as in a mammal, such as a human, by contacting the Hepatitis C virus with an HCV-replication inhibiting amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. Such inhibition may take place in vivo, such as in a mammal, such as a human, by administering to the mammal a Hepatitis C virus-inhibiting amount of a compound of the present invention. The amount of a compound of the present invention necessary to inhibit replication of the HCV virus either in vitro or in vivo, such as in a mammal, such as a human, can be determined using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, an amount of a compound of the invention may be administered to a mammal, either alone or as part of a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation. Blood samples may then be withdrawn from the mammal and the amount of Hepatitis C virus in the sample may be quantified using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. A reduction in the amount of Hepatitis C virus in the sample compared to the amount 'found in the blood before administration of a compound of the invention would represent inhibition of the replication of Hepatitis C virus in the mammal. The administration of a compound of the invention to the mammal may be in the form of single dose or a series of doses over successive days.

[0499] An "HCV-inhibiting agent" means a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

[0500] The term "HCV-inhibiting amount," as used herein, refers to an amount of a compound of the present invention that is sufficient to inhibit the replication of the Hepatitis C virus when administered to a mammal, such as a human.

[0501] The term "HCV polymerase-inhibiting amount," as used herein, means an amount of a compound of the present invention that is sufficient to inhibit the function of the Hepatitis C virus polymerase enzyme when the compound is placed in contact with the enzyme.

[0502] A "solvate" is intended to mean a pharmaceutically acceptable solvate form of a specified compound that retains the biological effectiveness of such compound. Examples of solvates include compounds of the invention in combination with solvents such as, but not limited to, water, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, DMSO, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, or ethanolamine. A "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" is intended to mean a salt that retains the biological effectiveness of the free acids and bases of the specified derivative and that is not biologically or otherwise undesirable. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, monohydrogenphosphates, dihydrogenphosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates, succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyne-1 ,4-dioates, hexyne-1 ,6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, 002697

[0503] - 61 -

[0504] methylbenzoates, dinitrobenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates, phthalates, sulfonates, xylenesulfonates, phenylacetates, phenylpropionates, phenylbutyrates, citrates, lactates, [gamma]-hydroxybutyrates, glycollates, tartrates, methane-sulfonates, propanesulfonates, naphthalene-1 -sulfonates, naphthalene-2-sulfonates, and mandelates. The term "treating", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, means reversing, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, or preventing the disorder or condition to which such term applies, or one or more symptoms of such disorder or condition. The term "treatment", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, refers to the act of treating as "treating" is defined immediately above. The phrase "pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s)", as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes salts of acidic or basic groups, which may be present in the compounds of the present invention. The compounds of the present invention that are basic in nature are capable of forming a wide variety of salts with various inorganic and organic acids. The acids that may be used to prepare pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of such basic compounds of the present invention are those that form non-toxic acid addition salts, Le1, salts containing pharmacologically acceptable anions, such as the acetate, benzenesulfonate, benzoate, bicarbonate, bisulfate, bitartrate, borate, bromide, calcium edetate, camsylate, carbonate, chloride, clavulanate, citrate, dihydrochloride, edetate, edislyate, estolate, esylate, ethylsuccinate, fumarate, gluceptate, gluconate, glutamate, glycollylarsanilate, hexylresorcinate, hydrabamine, hydrobromide, hydrochloride, iodide, isothionate, lactate, lactobionate, laurate, malate, maleate, mandelate, mesylate, methylsulfate, mucate, napsylate, nitrate, oleate, oxalate, pamoate (embonate), palmitate, pantothenate, phospate/diphosphate, polygalacturonate, salicylate, stearate, subacetate, succinate, tannate, tartrate, teoclate, tosylate, triethiodode, and valerate salts. The phrases "therapeutically effective amount," "effective amount," and "HCV- inhibiting amount," are intended to mean the amount of an inventive agent that, when administered to a mammal in need of treatment, is sufficient to effect treatment for injury or disease conditions alleviated by tjie inhibition of HCV RNA replication suoh\(as for potentiation of anti-cancer therapies wirinitaifion of neurotoxicity consequent to stroke, head trauma, and neurodegenerative diseases, the amount of a given HCV-inhibiting agent used in the method of the invention that will be therapeutically effective will vary depending upon factors such as the particular HCV-inhibiting agent, the disease condition and the severity thereof, the identity and characteristics of the mammal in need thereof, which amount may be routinely determined by artisans. The term "6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2AV-pyran-2-one," as used herein, means a chemical compound with the structure:

[0505]


[0506] As used herein, the term "3-[(6-chloro[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one" means a chemical compound with the structure:

[0507]


[0508] The term "6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one," as used herein, means a chemical compound with the structure:

[0509]


[0510] The term "treating," as used herein, refers to a chemical process or processes in which two or more reactants are allowed to come into contact with each other to effect a chemical change or transformation. For example, when reactant A and reactant B are allowed to come into contact with each other to afford a new chemical compound(s) C, A is said to have "reacted" with B to produce C.

[0511] As used herein, the term "catalyst" means a chemical element or compound that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy, but which is left unchanged by the reaction. Examples of catalysts include, but are not limited to, palladium (0) and platinum (0). It is specifically contemplated herein that such catalysts may be formed in situ during the course of a chemical reaction, from a so-called "pre-catalyst," but may never actually be observed or isolated. Such pre-catalysts are chemical compounds that are capable of being converted in situ during the course of a chemical reaction to a chemically and catalytically competent element or compound. Examples of suitable pre-catalysts include, but are not limited to, PdCI2, PdCI2(PPh3)2, Pd(OH)2, Pd(PPh3)4, Pt(OH)2, and PtCI2.

[0512] The term "reducing agent," as used herein, means a chemical element or compound that provides electrons for another chemical element or compound in a reaction mixture. Alternatively, it means a chemical element or compound that is capable of affording a saturated chemical compound from an unsaturated chemical compound by the addition of hydrogen. For example, the addition of hydrogen to an alkene of the present invention to afford a saturated alkane is termed "reduction." A reducing agent is a chemical element or compound that is capable of affecting such a reduction, usually in the presence of a catalyst. Examples of reducing agents include, but are not limited to hydrogen, formic acid, and formic acid salts, such as ammonium formate.

[0513] The term "protecting," as used herein, refers to a process in which a functional group in a chemical compound is selectively masked by a non-reactive functional group in order to allow a selective reaction(s) to occur elsewhere on said chemical compound. Such non- reactive functional groups are herein termed "protecting groups." For example, the term "hydroxyl protecting group," as used herein refers to those groups that are capable of selectively masking the reactivity of a hydroxyl (-OH) group. The term "suitable protecting group," as used herein refers to those protecting groups that are useful in the preparation of the compounds of the present invention. Such groups are generally able to be selectively introduced and removed using mild reaction conditions that do not interfere with other portions of the subject compounds. Protecting groups that are suitable for use in the processes and methods of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The chemical properties of such protecting groups, methods for their introduction, and their removal can be found, for example, in T. Greene and P. Wuts, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3 ed.), John Wiley & Sons, NY (1999). The terms "deprotecting," "deprotected," or "deprotect," as used herein, are meant to refer to the process of removing a protecting group from a compound.

[0514] The terms "hydrolyze," "hydrolyzing," "hydrolysis," and "hydrolyzed," as used herein, all mean and refer to a chemical reaction in which an ester, an amide, or both are converted into their corresponding carboxylic acid derivatives, usually through the action of hydroxyl anion (-OH), such as would be present in a basic, aqueous solution.

[0515] The term "leaving group," as used herein, refers to a chemical functional group that generally allows a nucleophilic substitution reaction to take place at the atom to which it is attached. For example, in acid chlorides of the formula CI-C(O)R, wherein R is alky], aryl, or heterocyclic, the -Cl group is generally referred to as a leaving group because it allows nucleophilic substitution reactions to take place at the carbonyl carbon to which it is attached. Suitable leaving groups are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and can include halides, aromatic heterocycles, cyano, amino groups (generally under acidic conditions), ammonium groups, alkoxide groups, carbonate groups, formates, and hydroxy groups that have been activated by reaction with compounds such as carbodiimides. For example, suitable leaving groups can include, but are not limited to, chloride, bromide, iodide, cyano, imidazole, and hydroxy groups that have been allowed to react with a carbodiimide such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (optionally in the presence of an additive such as hydroxybenzotriazole) or a carbodiimide derivative. The term "combination of reagents," means a chemical reagent, or more than one reagent when necessary, that can be used to affect a desired chemical reaction. The choice of a particular reagent, or combination or reagents, will depend on factors that are familiar to those of ordinary skill in the art and include, but are not limited to, the identity of the reactants, the presence of other functional groups in the reactants, the solvent or solvents used in a particular chemical reaction, the temperature at which the chemical reaction will be performed, and the method or methods of purification of the desired chemical reaction product. The choice of a reagent, or combination of reagents, required to affect a particular chemical reaction are .within the knowledge of one of ordinary skjll in the art and supto'a choice can be made without undue,expe,fi"3hl4lion. The term "base," as used herein, means a so-called Bronsted-Lowry base. A

[0516] Bronsted-Lowry base is a reagent that is capable of accepting a proton (H) from an acid present in a reaction mixture. Examples of Bronsted-Lowry bases include, but are not limited to, inorganic bases such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, and cesium carbonate, inorganic bases such as triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, diisopropylamine, dicyclohexyiamine, morpholine, pyrrolidone, piperidine, pyridine, 4-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), and imidazole. i

[0517] The term "chiral, non-racemic base," as used herein, means a basic compound that can exist in an enantiomeric form and is not present in an equal amount with its corresponding opposite enantiomer. For example, the compound 2-phenylglycinol exists as two enantiomers of opposite configuration, the so-called (R)- and (S)-enantiomers. If the (R)- and the (S)- enantiomers are present in equal amounts, such a mixture is said to be "racemic." If, however, one enantiomer is present in an amount greater than the other, the mixture is said to be "non-racemic." , The term "stereoisomers" refers to compounds that have identical chemical constitution, but differ with regard to the arrangement of their atoms or groups in space. In particular, the term "enantiomers" refers to two stereoisomers of a compound that are non- superimposable mirror images of one another. The terms "racemic" or "racemic mixture," as used herein, refer to a 1 :1 mixture of enantiomers of a particular compound. The term "diastereomers", on the other hand, refers to the relationship between a pair of stereoisomers that comprise two or more asymmetric centers and are not mirror images of one another.

[0518] The term "stereochemically-enriched" product, when used herein, refers to a reaction product wherein a particular stereoisomer is present in a statistically significant greater amount relative to the other possible stereoisomeric products. For example, a product that comprises more of one enantiomer than the other would constitute a stereochemically enriched product. Similarly, a product that comprises more of one diastereoisomer than others would also constitute a stereochemically enriched product. The methods and processes contained herein are said to afford a "stereochemically enriched " product. In such cases, the methods and processes contained herein begin with a mixture of stereoisomeric compounds in which all possible stereoisomers are present in about an equal amount and afford a product in which at least one stereoisomer is present in a statistically significant greater amount than the others.

[0519] The term "diastereomeric," as used herein refers to the relationship between a pair of stereoisomers that comprise two or more asymmetric centers and are non-superimposable mirror images of one another. The phrases "diastereomeric salt," or "diastereomeric salts," as used herein means a salt of a diastereomeric compound, wherein "diastereomer" is as defined herein.

[0520] The term "racemic," as used herein, means a composition comprising a 1 :1 ratio of enantiomers. The term "scalemic," as used herein, means a composition comprising an unequal amount of enantiomers. For example, a composition comprising a 1 :1 mixture of the B2005/002697

[0521] - 66 -

[0522] (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of a compound of the present invention is termed a racemic composition or mixture. As an additional example, a composition comprising a 2:1 mixture of (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of a compound of the present invention is termed a scalemic composition or mixture. It is specifically contemplated that the methods of the present invention may be advantageously used to prepare a scalemic compound of the present invention from a racemic compound of the present invention.

[0523] The terms "resolution" and "resolving" mean a method of physically separating stereoisomeric compounds from a mixture of stereoisomers, such as a racemic mixture comprising two enantiomers of a particular compound. As used herein, "resolution" and "resolving" are meant to include both partial and complete resolution.

[0524] The terms "separating" or "separated," as used herein, mean a process of physically isolating at least two different chemical compounds from each other. For example, if a chemical reaction takes place and produces at least two products, (A) and (B), the process of isolating both (A) and (B) from each other is termed "separating" (A) and (B). It is specifically contemplated that the separations of the present invention may be partial or complete as determined by analytical techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art and those described herein.

[0525] The term "converting," as used herein, means allowing a chemical reaction to take place with a starting material or materials to produce a different chemical product. For example, if chemical reactants (A) and (B) are allowed to react with each other to produce product (C), starting materials (A) and (B) can be said to have "converted" to product (C), or it can be said that (A) was "converted" to (C), or that (B) was "converted" to (C).

[0526] The term "suitable counter-ion," as used herein, means an ion or ions opposite in charge to the ion present in the compound or compounds of the invention such that the overall complex or salt has a neutral charge. For example, if the compound of the present invention contains an overall negative one (-1) charge, a suitable counter ion would be one with an overall positive one (+1) charge that would afford an overall neutral charge for the complex or salt. Examples of suitable positive (+) counter-ions include, but are not limited to, sodium ion (Na), potassium ion (K), cesium ion (Cs), and protonated amines (such as protonated triethylamine, protonated dicyclohexylamine, protonated morpholine, or protonated pyridine). Alternatively, if the compound of the invention contains an overall positive one (+1) charge, a suitable counter-ion would be one with an overall negative one (-1) charge that would afford an overall neutral charge for the complex or salt. Examples of suitable negative (-) counter- ions include, but are not limited to, fluoride (F), chloride (Cl), bromide (Br), iodide (I), hydroxide (OH), and acetate (O-C(O)CH3). It is also possible that the suitable counter-ion in the compounds of the present invention, including the compounds used in the methods of the present invention, may have more than a single charge associated with them. For example, if the compound of the invention contains a negative one (-1) charge, the suitable counter-ion may contain a plus two (+2) charge, such that two compounds of the invention with negative one charges are associated with one suitable counter-ion. Examples, of suitable counter-ions with more than one positive charge include, but are not limited to calcium (Ca). Finally, it is also contemplated that the compounds of the present invention may contain more than one charge, such that more than one suitable counter-ion may be required to afford an overall neutral complex or salt. For example, the compound of the present invention may contain more than one negative one (-1) charges, such that two suitable counter-ions, each with a plus one (+1) charge, are required to afford an overall neutral complex or salt.

[0527] The term "substituted," means that the specified group or moiety bears one or more substituents. The term "unsubstituted," means that the specified group bears no substituents. The term "optionally substituted" means that the specified group is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more substituents.

[0528] Detailed Description

[0529] In accordance with a convention used in the art, the symbol ^ is used in structural formulas herein to depict the bond that is the point of attachment of the moiety or substituent to the core or backbone structure. In accordance with another convention, in some structural formulae herein the carbon atoms and their bound hydrogen atoms are not explicitly depicted,

[0530] Ij .CH3

[0531] S SLL S ^~>C^^ ^CChH e.g., ' ' r reepprreesseennttss a a m meetthhyyll g grroouupp,, represents an ethyl group,

[0532]

a cyclopentyl group, etc.

[0533] With respect to compounds of the invention that are alkenes. the symbol " " denotes that either the E- or Z-isomer, or mixtures of the E- and Z-isomers, may be present. For example, in. the stuucty[phi] ft[beta]j[alpha]yv, the use of the symbol " vuvu for the 'bond, from the R group to the a[iota]kene, .

[0534] - Ck^OR denotes that either the E- or Z-isomer, or mixtures of the E- and Z-isomers, are meant to be represented.

[0535] The compounds of the present invention may exist in several tautomeric forms. For example, a compound of the invention may exist in a form in which two ketones are present on a ring of the compound, as shown in (A) below. Alternatively, the compounds of the present invention may exist in at least two different enol forms, as shown in compounds (B) and (C) below. These three forms may be in equilibrium and the compounds of the invention may exist in more than one of these forms at the same time. For example, in a particular compound of the invention, a certain percentage of the molecules may be present in form (A) while the remainder are present in form (B) or form (C). Which form predominates in a particular compound of the invention depends on several factors that include, but are not limited to, whether the compound is in solid, liquid, or crystalline form, whether the compound is dissolved in a solvent and the identity of the solvent, the environmental temperature, and the relative humidity. It is specifically contemplated that when the compounds of the present invention are drawn in a particular form, form (A) for example, all the tautomeric forms, forms (B) and (C) for example, are included as well.

[0536]


[0537] The compounds of the present invention may have asymmetric carbon atoms. The carbon-carbon bonds of the compounds of the present invention may be depicted herein using a solid line ( ), a solid wedge ( ~"^ ), or a dotted wedge ( -"""HI ). The use of a solid line to depict bonds to asymmetric carbon atoms is meant to indicate that all possible stereoisomers at that carbon atom are included. The use of either a solid or dotted wedge to depict bonds to asymmetric carbon atoms is meant to indicate that only the stereoisomer shown is meant to be included. It is possible that compounds of the invention may contain more than one asymmetric carbon atom. In those compounds, the use of a solid line to depict bonds to asymmetric carbon atoms is meant to indicate that all possible stereoisomers are meant to be included. The use of a solid line to depict bonds to one or more asymmetric carbon atoms in a compound of the invention and the use of a solid or dotted wedge to depict bonds to other asymmetric carbon atoms in the same compound is meant to indicate that a mixture of diastereomers is present. Solutions of individual stereoisomeric compounds of the present invention may rotate plane-polarized light. The use of either a "(+)" or "(-)" symbol in the name of a compound of the invention indicates that a solution of a particular stereoisomer rotates plane-polarized light in the (+) or (-) direction, as measured using techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0538] Diastereomeric mixtures can be separated into their individual diastereomers on the basis of their physical chemical differences by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by chromatography or fractional crystallization. Enantiomers can be separated by converting the enantiomeric mixtures into a diastereomeric mixture by reaction with an appropriate optically active compound (e.g., alcohol), separating the diastereomers and converting (e.g., hydrolyzing) the individual diastereomers to the corresponding pure enantiomers. All such isomers, including diastereomeric mixtures and pure enantiomers are considered as part of the invention.

[0539] Alternatively, individual stereoisomeric compounds of the present invention may be prepared in enantiomerically enriched form by asymmetric synthesis. Asymmetric synthesis may be performed using techniques known to those of skill in the art, such as the use of asymmetric starting materials that are commercially available or readily prepared using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the use of asymmetric auxiliaries that may be removed at the completion of the synthesis, or the resolution of intermediate compounds using enzymatic methods. The choice of such a method will depend on factors that include, but are not limited to, the availability of starting materials, the relative efficiency of a method, and whether such methods are useful for the compounds of the invention containing particular functional groups. Such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0540] When the compounds of the present invention contain asymmetric carbon atoms, the derivative salts, prodrugs and solvates may exist as single stereoisomers, racemates, and/or mixtures of enantiomers and/or diastereomers. All such single stereoisomers, racemates, and mixtures thereof are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

[0541] As generally understood by those skilled in the art, an optically pure compound is one that is enantiomerically pure. As used herein, the term "optically pure" is intended to mean a compound comprising at least a sufficient activity. Preferably, an optically pure amount of a single enantiomer to yield a compound having the desired pharmacological pure compound of the invention comprises at least 90% of a single isomer (80% enantiomeric excess), more preferably at least 95% (90% e.e.), even more preferably at least 97.5% (95% e.e.), and most preferably at least 99% (98% e.e.). If a derivative used in the method of the invention is a base, a desired salt may be prepared by any suitable method known to the art, including treatment of the free base with an inorganic acid, such as hydrochloric acid; hydrobromic acid; sulfuric acid; nitric acid; phosphoric acid; and the like, or with an organic acid, such as acetic acid; maleic acid; succinic acid; mandelic acid; fumaric acid; malonic acid; pyruvic acid; oxalic acid; glycolic acid; salicylic acid; pyranosidyl acid, such as glucuronic acid or galacturonic acid; alpha-hydroxy acid, such as citric acid .or tartaric acid; amino acid, such as aspartic acid or glutamic acid; aromatic acid, such as benzoic acid or cinnamic acid; sulfonic acid, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or ethanesulfonic acid; and the like. If a derivative used in the method of the invention is an acid, a desired salt may be prepared by any suitable method known to the art, including treatment of the free acid with an inorganic or organic base, such as an amine (primary, secondary, or tertiary); an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide; or the like. Illustrative Examples of suitable salts include organic salts derived from amino acids such as glycine and arginine; ammonia; primary, secondary, and tertiary amines; and cyclic amines, such as piperidine, morpholine, and piperazine; as well as inorganic salts derived from sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, aluminum, and lithium.

[0542] In the case of derivatives, prodrugs, salts, or solvates that are solids, it is understood by those skilled in the art that the derivatives, prodrugs, salts, and solvates used in the method of the invention, may exist in different polymorph or crystal forms, all of which are intended to be within the scope of the present invention and specified formulas. In addition, the derivative, salts, prodrugs and solvates used in the method of the invention may exist as tautomers, all of which are intended to be within the broad scope of the present invention.

[0543] The compounds of the present invention that are basic in nature are capable of forming a wide variety of different salts with various inorganic and organic acids. Although such salts must be pharmaceutically acceptable for administration to animals, it is often desirable in practice to initially isolate the compound of the present invention from the reaction mixture as a pharmaceutically, unacceptable salt and then simply convert the latter back ( to the free base compound by treatment wiwah" alkaline reagent and subsequently convert the latter free base to a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt. The acid addition salts of the base compounds of this invention are readily prepared by treating the base compound with a substantially equivalent amount of the chosen mineral or organic acid in an aqueous solvent medium or in a suitable organic solvent, such as methanol or ethanol. Upon careful evaporation of the solvent, the desired solid salt is readily obtained. The desired acid salt can also be precipitated from a solution of the free base in an organic solvent by adding to the solution an appropriate mineral or organic acid.

[0544] Those compounds of the present invention that are acidic in nature are capable of forming base salts with various pharmacologically acceptable cations. Examples of such salts include the alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts and particularly, the sodium and potassium salts. These salts are all prepared by conventional techniques. The chemical bases which are used as reagents to prepare the pharmaceutically acceptable base salts of this invention are those which form non-toxic base salts with the acidic compounds of the present invention. Such non-toxic base salts include those derived from such pharmacologically acceptable cations as sodium, potassium calcium and magnesium, etc. These salts can easily be prepared by treating the corresponding acidic compounds with an aqueous solution containing the desired pharmacologically acceptable cations, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness, preferably under reduced pressure. Alternatively, they may also be prepared by mixing lower alkanolic solutions of the acidic compounds and the desired alkali metal alkoxide together, and then evaporating the resulting solution to dryness in the same manner as before. In either case, stoichiometric quantities of reagents are preferably employed in order to ensure completeness of reaction and maximum yields of the desired final product.

[0545] The activity of the compounds as inhibitors of HCV activity may be measured by any of the suitable methods available in the art, including in vivo and in vitro assays. An Example of a suitable assay for activity measurements is the HCV replicon assay described herein.

[0546] Administration of the compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs, salts, active metabolites, and solvates may be performed according to any of the accepted modes of administration available to those skilled in the art. Illustrative Examples of suitable modes of administration include oral, nasal, parenteral, topical, transdermal, and rectal. Oral and intravenous deliveries are preferred.

[0547] An HCV-inhibiting agent of the present invention may be administered as a pharmaceutical composition in any suitable pharmaceutical form. Suitable pharmaceutical forms include solid, semisolid, liquid, or lyopholized formulations, such as tablets, powders, capsules, suppositories, suspensions, liposomes, and aerosols. The HCV-inhibiting agent may be prepared as a solution using any of a variety of methodologies. For Example, the HCV-inhibiting agent can be dissolved with acid (e.g., 1 M HCI) and diluted with a sufficient volume of a solution of 5% dextrose in water (D5W) to yield the desired final concentration of HCV-inhibiting agent (e.g., about 15 mM). Alternatively, a solution of D5W containing about 15 mM HCI can be used to provide a solution of the HCV-inhibiting agent at the appropriate concentration. Further, the HCV-inhibiting agent can be prepared as a suspension using, for example, a 1% solution of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC).

[0548] Acceptable methods of preparing suitable pharmaceutical forms of the pharmaceutical compositions are known or may be routinely determined by those skilled in the art. For Example, pharmaceutical preparations may be prepared following conventional techniques of the pharmaceutical chemist involving steps such as mixing, granulating, and compressing when necessary for tablet forms, or mixing, filling, and dissolving the ingredients as appropriate, to give the desired products for oral, parenteral, topical, intravaginal, intranasal, intrabronchial, intraocular, intraaural, and/or rectal administration. Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also include suitable excipients, diluents, vehicles, and carriers, as well as other pharmaceutically active agents, depending upon the intended use. Solid or liquid pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, vehicles, or excipients may be employed in the pharmaceutical compositions. Illustrative solid carriers include starch, lactose, calcium sulfate dihydrate, terra alba, sucrose, talc, gelatin, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, and stearic acid. Illustrative liquid carriers include syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, saline solution, and water. The carrier or diluent may include a suitable prolonged-release material, such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, alone or with a wax. When a liquid carrier is used, the preparation may be in the form of a syrup, elixir, emulsion, soft gelatin capsule, sterile injectable liquid (e.g., solution), or a nonaqueous or aqueous liquid suspension.

[0549] A dose of the pharmaceutical composition may contain at least a therapeutically effective amount of an HCV-inhibiting agent and preferably is made up of one or more pharmaceutical dosage units. The selected dose may be administered to a mammal, for example, a human, in need of treatment mediated by inhibition of HCV activity, by any known or suitable method of administering the dose, including topically, for example, as an ointment or cream; orally; rectally, for example, as a suppository; parenterally by injection; intravenously; or continuously by intravaginal, intranasal, intrabronchial, intraaural, or intraocular infusion. When the composition is administered in conjunction with a cytotoxic drug, the composition can be administered before, with, and/or after introduction of the cytotoxic drug. However, when the composition is administered in conjunction with radiotherapy, the composition is preferably introduced before radiotherapy is commenced.

[0550] Methods of preparing various pharmaceutical compositions with a specific amount of active compound are known, or will be apparent, to those skilled in this art. For examples, see Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. Mack Publishing Company, Easter, Pa., 15		 Ed. (1975). It will be appreciated that the actual dosages of the HCV-inhibiting agents used in the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention will be selected according to the properties of the particular agent being used, the particular composition formulated, the mode of administration and the particular site, and the host and condition being treated. Optimal dosages for a given set of conditions can be ascertained by those skilled in the art using conventional dosage-determination tests. For oral administration, e.g., a dose that may be employed is from about 0.001 to about 1000 mg/kg body weight, or from about 0.1 to about 100 mg/kg body weight, or from about 1 to about 50 mg/kg body weight, or from about 0.1 to about 1 mg/kg body weight, with courses of treatment repeated at appropriate intervals. The dosage forms of the pharmaceutical formulations described herein may contain an amount of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of solvate thereof, deemed appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, such dosage forms may contain from about 1 mg to about 1500 mg of a compound of the present invention, or may contain from about 5 mg to about 1500 mg, or from about 5 mg to about 1250 mg, or from about 10 mg to about 1250 mg, or from about 25 mg to about 1250 mg, or from about 25 mg to about 1000 mg, or from about 50 mg to about 1000 mg, or from about 50 mg to about 750 mg, or from about 75 mg to about 750 mg, or from about 100 mg to about 750 mg, or from about 125 mg to about 750 mg, or from about 150 mg to about 750 mg, or from about 150 mg to about 500 mg of a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

[0551] The subject invention also includes isotopically-labelled compounds, which are identical to those recited in the compounds of the present invention, but for the fact that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature. Examples of isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, fluorine and chlorine, such as H, H, C, C, N, O, 0, P, P, S, F1 and CI, respectively. Compounds of the present invention, prodrugs thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said compounds pr of said prodrugs,' which contain the aforementioned ' isotopes' .ja'h'dMrl other isotopes of. other. atoms are within the 'scope of this invention. Certain isotopically-labelled compounds of the present invention, for example those into which radioactive isotopes such as H and C are incorporated, are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution assays. Tritiated, i.e., H, and carbon-14, i.e., C, isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of preparation and detectability. Further, substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium, i.e., H, can afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements and, hence, may be preferred in some circumstances, lsotopically labelled compounds of the present invention and prodrugs thereof can generally be prepared by carrying out the procedures disclosed in the Schemes and/or in the Examples and Preparations below, by substituting a readily available isotopically labelled reagent for a non- isotopically labelled reagent.

[0552] The compounds of the present invention are potent inhibitors of Hepatitis C virus, in particular HCV replication, and even in more particular, HCV RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase. The compounds are all adapted to therapeutic use as anti-HCV agents in mammals, particularly in humans. The active compound may be applied as a sole therapy or may involve one or more other antiviral substances, for example those selected from, for example, HCV inhibitors such as interferon alphacon-1 , natural interferon, interferon beta-1a, interferon omega, interferon gamma-1b, interleukin-10, BlLN 2061 (serine protease), amantadine (Symmetrel), thymozine alpha-1 , viramidine; HIV inhibitors such as nelfinavir, delavirdine, indinavir, nevirapine, saquinavir, and tenofovir. Such conjoint treatment may be achieved by way of the simultaneous, sequential or separate dosing of the individual components of the treatment.

[0553] In general, the compounds of the present invention may be prepared according to the methods described herein as well as methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The methods described herein are not meant to, and should not be construed to, limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

[0554] The compounds of formula (4) may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula (11), wherin R and R are as hereinbefore defined, with a compound of formula (12), wherein

[0555] R is as hereinbefore defined.

[0556]


[0557] (11 ) (12) (4) These reactions are generally performed in the presence of a reducing agent, such as a borane source or hydrogen in the presence of suitable catalyst. Suitable borane sources include, but are not limited to, borane-trimethylamine complex, borane-dimethylamine complex, borane t-butyl amine complex, and borane-pyrdine complex. Suitable catalysts for use in the presence of a reducing agent such as hydrogen include, but are not limited to, nickel, palladium, rhodium and ruthenium. Furthermore, such reactions are performed in a solvent or mixture of solvents that will not interfere with desired chemical reaction. Furthermore, appropriate solvents include those that are known to those of skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation.
Finally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, preferably in the range of from about 0 C to about 32 C, most preferably at room or ambient temperature. The choice of a particular reducing agent, solvent, and temperature will depend on several factors including, but not limited to, the identity of the particular reactants and the functional groups present in such reactants. Such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation. Alternatively, compounds of formula (4) may be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula (11) with a compound of formula (24), wherein X is a suitable leaving group. Suitable leaving groups include, but are not limited to, halides (such as chloride, bromide, and iodide), and activated esters (such as methanesulfonate, trifluoromethane sulfonate, and tosyl esters). Such reactions can be performed in the presence of a suitable base. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydride, lithium hydride, potassium hydride, and lithium diisopropylamide. Furthermore, appropriate solvents include those that are known to those of skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, diethyl ether, methyl-t- butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4- dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be usedas a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation. Finally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 150 C, preferably in the range of from about 0 C to about 32 C, most preferably at room or ambient temperature. The choice of a particular reducing agent, solvent, and temperature will depend on several factors including, but not limited to, the identity of the particular reactants and the functional groups present in such reactants. Such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0558]


[0559] (11) (24)

[0560] (4)

[0561] Compounds of formula (11), wherein R and R are as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (25), by reaction with a suitable acid or base.

[0562] HO R 9 9 acid or base [Upsilon]"~[Upsilon]

[0563] R^ R (25) (11)

[0564] Suitable bases for use in these reactions include inorganic bases and organic bases. Suitable inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydride, potassium hydride, and cesium carbonate. Preferably, the base is potassium carbonate. Suitable organic bases include, but are not limited to, pyridine, triethylamine, tributylamine, triethanolamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine, DBU, and 4-N,N- dimethylaminopyridine. These reactions can also be performed in the presence of a catalytic amount of a suitable acid. Suitable acids include both Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis acids. Furthermore, these reactions are generally performed in a solvent or mixture of solvents that will not interfere with desired chemical reaction. Furthermore, appropriate, solvents include those that are. known' to, Hpsjec)' skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2- methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2- dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation. Finally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 35 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 45 C to about 55 C, or at about 50 C. The choice of a particular reducing agent, solvent, and temperature will depend on several factors including, but not limited to, the identity of the particular reactants and the functional groups present in such reactants. Such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0565] Alternatively, the compounds of formula (11 ), wherein R and R are as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (25), wherein R is hydrogen, by reaction with a suitable reagent, or a combination of suitable reagents, to affect cyclization. Such reactions may be performed in the presence of a reagent or combination of reagents that will convert the carboxylic -OH group into a suitable leaving group, such as chlorine or an imidazole group, for example. The term "a suitable, leaving group" means a chemical group that is capable of being displaced when a suitable nucleophilic group, such as a hydroxy! group, reacts with the carbonyl carbon in the carboxyl group in the compounds of formula (25). Such suitable leaving groups can be introduced in the compounds of formula (25) wherein R is hydrogen, by reaction of the compound of formula (25) with a suitable reagent or combination of reagents known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, a compound , of formula (25), wherein R is hydrogen, may be allowed to react with phosgene (CIC(O)CI) or triphosgene ((CI)3C(O)C(CI)3) to afford a so-called acid chloride, that is where the carboxy hydroxyl group has been replaced with a chlorine atom. Furthermore, the compounds of formula (25) may be converted to compounds wherein the carboxy hydroxyl group is replaced by another type of suitable leaving group, such as an imidazole group. Such compounds can be prepared using a suitable reagent or combination of reagents such as carbonyl diimidazole. These types of reactions may be performed in the presence of a suitable base, such as triethylamine for example, and in an aprotic solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction, chloroform or dichloromethane for example. Furthermore, such reactions may be performed at a temperature in the range from about -78 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 50 C, or from about 0 C to about 25 C. The choice of a 2697

[0566] - 78 -

[0567] suitable reagent to convert the carboxyl group into an acid chloride, for example, a suitable solvent, and a suitable temperature are all choices within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0568] The compounds of formula (25), wherein the carboxy hydroxyl group has been converted to an appropriate leaving group, an acid chloride for example, may then be converted to compounds of formula (11) by reaction in the presence of a suitable base. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, inorganic bases and organic bases. Suitable inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and cesium carbonate. Suitable organic bases include, but are not limited to, pyridine and 4-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine. Furthermore, appropriate solvents include those that are known to those of skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. The particular choices of activating agent, solvent, base, and temperature to affect the desired transformation are all choices within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation. Compounds of formula (25), wherein R and R are as hereinbefore defined, P is hydrogen or a suitable protecting group, and R is CrC6 alkyl, -Si(C1-C6 alkyl)3, or - CH2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-Ci0 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, can be prepared from compounds of formula (9), wherein R and R are as hereinbefore defined, R is hydrogen or -C(O)R, and R is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -Si(C1-C6 alkyl)3, or - CH2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen,CrC6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, or from compounds of formula (9a), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, and L is a suitable leaving group, as shown below. RO ..1 0

[0569] RQ

[0570] R-^-^ "COR (25)

[0571]


[0572] (9a)

[0573] The compound of formula (9) wherein R is hydrogen may be allowed to react with a reagent or combination of reagents that will convert the carboxy hydroxy! group to a suitable leaving group -OA. Such groups include activated esters, such as various benzoyl esters, such as a 2,6-dinitrobenzoyl ester or a perfluorobenzoyl ester, mixed anhydrides, or an intermediate derived from reaction of the caboxy group with a carbodiimide, such as diethyl carbodiimide or diisopropyl carbodiimide. These intermediate compounds can be prepared by reaction of the carboxy group with a suitable reagent, such as a carbodiimide, in a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction, such as chloroform, dichloromethane, or tetrahydrofuran, and at a temperature of from about -78 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 50 C. The compound of formula (9) containing the suitable leaving group -OA can be isolated or can be allowed to react in the next step without any further purification. The compound containing the suitable leaving group -OA can then be allowed to react with a reagent or combination of reagents to provide the compound of formula (25). Such suitable reagents include, but are not limited to, malonate anions derived from deprotonation of a malonate derivative with a suitable base, and magnesium malonate esters, such as methyl magnesium malonate and ethyl magnesium malonate. Furthermore, appropriate solvents include those that are known to those of skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, a[eta]d non-protic heterocyclic solvents: 'r[psi][beta]f- [alpha]y^c\p\e, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2- butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Furthermore, they are performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 20 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 50 C, or at about 40 C. The particular choice of reagent or combination or reagents, solvent or solvents, and temperature are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0574] Alternatively, the compounds of formula (25) can be prepared from compounds of formula (9), wherein R is CrC6 alkyl, -Si(C1-C6 alkyl)3, or -CH2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, by reaction with a reagent or combination of reagents to provide the compound of formula (III). Such suitable reagents include, but are not limited to magnesium malonate esters, such as methyl magnesium malonate and ethyl magnesium malonate. Such suitable reagents include, but are not limited to, malonate anions derived from deprotonation of a malonate derivative with a suitable base, and magnesium malonate esters, such as methyl magnesium malonate and ethyl magnesium malonate. Furthermore, appropriate solvents include those that are known to those of skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2- butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Furthermore, they are performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 20 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 50 C, or at about 40 C. The particular choice of reagent or combination or reagents, solvent or solvents, and temperature are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation. Additionally, the compounds of formula (25) can be prepared from compounds of formula (9a), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, and L is a suitable leaving group, by reaction with a reagent or combination of reagents to provide the compound of formula (25). Suitable leaving groups include, but are not limited to, chloride, bromide, iodide, and imidazole. Compounds with suitable leaving groups can be prepared from compounds of formula (9) wherein R is -OH by reaction with an activating reagent or combination of activating reagents capable of replacing the carboxy hydroxyl group with L. Such activating reagents include, but are not limited to, thionyl chloride (SOCI2), phosgene, triphosgene, and carbonyldiimidazole. These reactions are typically performed in the presence of a base that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction, such as triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, pyridine, or 4-N,N,-dimethylaminopyridine. Furthermore, the reactions are performed in an aprotic solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction such as tetrahydrofuran, methylbutyl ether, diisopropyl ether, diethyl ether, toluene, chloroform, dichloromethane, or 1 ,2-dichloroethane, for example. Furthermore, such reactions are performed at a temperature in the range of from about -78 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about -50 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 50 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 25 C. After conversion of a compound of formula (9) to a compound of formula (9a), the compound of formula (9a) may be allowed to react with a reagent or combination of reagents capable of converting the compound of formula (9a) to one of formula (25). Such suitable reagents include, but are not limited to magnesium malonate esters, such as methyl magnesium malonate and ethyl magnesium malonate. These reactions are performed in a solvent or mixture of solvents that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction, such as diethyl ether, methyl t-butyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran, or mixtures thereof. Furthermore, they are performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 20 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 50 C, or at about 40 C. The particular choice of reagent or combination or reagents, solvent or solvents, and temperature are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation. The reaction of compounds of formula (9), (9a), or suitably activated derivatives thereof, with a reagent or combination or reagents to afford a compound of formula (25) may require the introduction of a suitable protecting group for the tertiary hydroxyl group in the compounds of formula (9). Such protecting groups should be capable of being introduced into the compound of formula (9) under conditions that will selectively protect such hydroxyl group. Such reagents and conditions are well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art and can be found, for example, in T. Greene and P. Wuts, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3 ed.), John Wiley & Sons, NY (1999). For example, a silyl protecting group, such as a triisopropyl silyl group, can be introduced into the compound of formula (9) to selectively protect the tertiary hydroxy] group. Such a group can be introduced using an activated silane reagent, such as triisopropyl silyl chloride for example, in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine for example, and in an aprotic solvent, chloroform for example. The protected compound of formula (9) may then be allowed to react as .described above to afford a compound of formula (25) in protected form. The protected compound (25) can then be deprotected using conditions known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, if the tertiary hydroxyl group in the compound of formula (25) is protected with as a silyl ether, for example, it can be deprotected using a fluoride source, tetrabutylammonium fluoride for example, in a solvent such as THF and at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 100 C1 or in the range of from about 0 C to about 25 C. Whether the tertiary hydroxyl group in the compound of formula (9) requires protection prior to conversion to the compound of formula (25) is within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and such a choice can be made without undue experimentation.

[0575] Reagents such as magnesium malonate esters, methyl magnesium malonate or ethyl magnesium malonate for example, are either commercially available or can be prepared using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, ethyl magnesium malonate can be prepared by reaction of magnesium ethoxide with ethyl malonic acid, as shown below.

[0576]


[0577] Compounds of formula (9), wherein R, R, and R, are as hereinbefore defined, and R is hydrogen, can be prepared from compounds of formula (9),

[0578] R2^^OR8

[0579] (9) wherein R[deg.] is C1-G6 . ajk^Hf J-Si^i -C6 alkyl)3, or -ChJ2(C6-C1O aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen,^ -C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, by hydrolysis with a suitable acid or base in an aqueous solvent. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate. Suitable acids include, but are not limited to, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, and sulfuric acid. These reactions can be performed in a solvent or mixture of solvents that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction including, but not limited to, diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, iso-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, and tert- butyl alcohol. Water may be advantageously used as a co-solvent in these reactions. Furthermore, these reactions are typically performed at a temperature in the range from about - 78 C to about 50 C, or in the range from about -35 C to about 50 C, or in the range of from about -35 C to about 25 C.

[0580] Compounds of formula (9), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, and R is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -Si(C1-C6 alkyl)3, or -CH2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen,CrC6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, can be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula (26), wherein R and R are as hereinbefore defined, with a compound of formula (14), wherein R is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -Si(C1-C6 alkyl)3, or -CH2(C6-C10 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen,CrC6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, as shown below.

[0581]

(26) (14) (9)

[0582] These reactions can be performed in the presence of strong base to first react with the compound of formula (14) to afford an anion. Suitable strong bases for such reactions include lithium hexamethyl disilylazide (LiHMDS)1 sodium hexamethyl disilazide, potassium hexamethyl disilazide, lithium diisopropyl amide, and magnesium diisopropylamide. Furthermore, such reactions can be performed in the presence of a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, neat solutions of the compound of formula (14), diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran. Additionally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about -78 C to about 25 C, or in the range of from about -50 C to about 25 C, or from about -35 C to about 25 C, or in the range of from about -35 C to about 0 C.

[0583] Alternatively, compounds of formula (9) can be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula (26) with a silylketene acetal as shown below, wherein R is, for example, a Ci-C6 alkyl group, and R is as hereinbefore defined. These reactions can be performed in the presence of a catalytic or stoichiometric amount of a suitable Lewis acid that include, but are not limited to, aluminum (111) chloride, titanium (II) chloride, titanium (IV) chloride, tin (II) chloride, and tin (IV) chloride. Furthermore, such reactions can be performed in the presence of a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran. Additionally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about -78 C to about 25 C, or in the range of from about -50 C to about 25 C, or from about -35 C to about 25 C, or in the range of from about -35 C to about 0 C.

[0584]

(26) (9)

[0585] The compounds of formula (9), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, and R is hydrogen can be resolved or stereoisomerically enriched. Such compounds can be stereoisomerically enriched by allowing them to react with a chiral, non-racemic base to form a mixture of diastereomeric salts. Such diastereomeric salts can then be separated using techniques well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art, such as fractional crystallization. For example, a mixture of the diastereomeric salts can be dissolved in a suitable solvent and one diastereomeric salt may then crystallize from the solution after which time it may be collected, washed and dried. Suitable chiral, non-racemic bases include amine bases include, but are not limited to, one enantiomer of cis-1 -amino-2-indanol, cinchonidine, 1-aminoindane, tert-leucinol, 2-amino-1 ,2-diphenylethanol, and alpha-methylbenzylamine. For example, a compound of formula (9), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, and R is hydrogen, may be allowed to react with (1 R,2S)-(+)-cis-1 -amino-2-indanol in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran to afford a mixture of diastereomeric salts. The solution containing the mixture of diastereomeric salts can then be allowed to slowly cool so that only one of the diastereomeric salts is appreciably soluble in the cooled solvent. The remaining diastereomeric salt may then precipitate out of the solution in the form of a crystalline solid comprising one diastereomeric salt in substantially pure form. The desired stereoisomerically enriched compound of formula (9) may then be obtained from either the precipitated diastereomeric salt or from the diastereomeric salt that remained in solution. The compound of formula (9), wherein R is hydrogen, may then be obtained from the substantially pure diastereomeric salt by reaction with a suitable acidic compound, such as citric acid.

[0586] Compounds of formula (14), wherein R is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, -Si(C1-C6 alkyl)3, or -CH2(C6-Ci0 aryl), wherein said C6-C10 aryl group is optionally substituted with at least one substituent selected from halogen,Ci-C6 alkyl, -OH, -OCH3, and -N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, are either commercially available or can be prepared according to methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Compounds of formula (26) can be prepared via a so-called Heck-type reaction. For example, the compound of formula (26), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and R is - (CH2)2Ph, can be prepared from reaction of compounds of formula (27) with a compound of formula (28), wherein X is a group suitable for use in a palladium-catalyzed (Pd-catalyzed) Heck-type coupling reaction. Heck-type coupling reactions can be performed using a palladium based catalyst. Suitable catalysts include, but are not limited to, Pd(OAc)2, PdCI2, and Pd(PPh3)4. Furthermore, such reactions can be performed in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine, sodium acetate, lithium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or cesium carbonate. These reactions may be performed in a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Furthermore, appropriate solvents include those that are known to those of skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, amides, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, N-methylpyrrolidinone, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2- butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Next, these reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range from about 0 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 45 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 45 C to about 75 C. Last, in the compounds of formula (28), X is a group that is suitable for use in Heck-type reactions. Suitable groups include chloride, bromide, iodide, and triflate (-OSO2CF3).

[0587]


[0588] (27) (28) (26) Compounds of formula (28) are either commercially available or can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, 2-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile, compound (28a) can be prepared from (4-bromo-2- fluorophenyl)acetonitrile, compound (28b), by reaction with an alkylating agent, methyl tosylate for example, in the presence of a base, sodium t-butoxide for example, as shown below.

[0589]


[0590] (28B) (28A)

[0591] Furthermore, (4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetonitrile can be prepared from 4-bromo-1- (bromomethyl)-2-fluorobenzene by reaction with a cyanide salt, sodium cyanide for example, as shown below.

[0592]


[0593] Compounds of formula (27), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared by reaction of compounds of formula (29), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, and a compound of formula (30),

[0594] O OH

[0595] ^M H R R

[0596] (30) (29) (27) wherein M is a suitable metal, as shown. In the compounds of formula (30), M is chosen from a suitable metal, such as a magnesium derivative, such as magnesium bromide, or lithium. These reactions can be performed in an aprotic solvent, such as diethyl ether, methyl tert- butyl ether, or tetrahydrofuran for example. Additionally, these reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about -78 C to about 50 C, or in the range of from about -78 C to about 25 C, or in the. range of from about -78 C to about 0 C. , ,; - >

[0597] Compounds .[omicron]fi,f[omega]Mi[iota]!ji$i}/(30), wherein M is a suitable metal group, are either commercially available or can be. prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the compound of formula (30) wherein M is -MgBr can be prepared from vinyl bromide and a suitable magnesium precursor, such as magnesium metal or activated Reike magnesium. These reactions are can be performed in an aprotic solvent such as diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, or tetrahydrofuran, and at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 25 C. Compounds of formula (30) wherein M is Li can be prepared from vinyl halides, such as vinyl bromide or iodide and a suitable alkyl lithium reagent, such as butyl lithium or tert-butyl lithium. These reactions can be performed in an aprotic solvent such as diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, or tetrahydrofuran, and at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 25 C. Compounds of formula (29), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, are either commercially available or can be prepared by reaction of a compound of formula (31), wherein L is a suitable leaving group, with a compound of formula (32), R is as hereinbefore defined and M is a suitable metal. In the compounds of formula (31), L is a suitable leaving group, such a -N(CH3)2 group. In the compounds of formula (32), M is a suitable metal such as - MgBr or Li. These reactions are can be performed in an aprotic solvent such as diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, or tetrahydrofuran, and at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 25 C.

[0598]

(31) (32) (29)

[0599] Compounds of formula (31) are either commercially available or can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0600] Compounds of formula (32) wherein M is a suitable metal are either commercially available or can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the compound of formula (32) wherein M is -MgBr can be prepared from vinyl bromide and a suitable magnesium precursor, such as magnesium metal or activated Rieke magnesium. These reactions are can be performed in an aprotic solvent such as diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, or tetrahydrofuran, and at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 25 C. Compounds of formula (32) wherein M is Li can be prepared from a suitable halide, such as a bromide or iodide and a suitable alkyl lithium reagent, such as butyl lithium or tert-butyl lithium. These reactions can be performed in an aprotic solvent such as diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, or tetrahydrofuran, and at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 25 C.

[0601] Compounds of formula (24), such as (24a) below, are either commercially available or can be prepared using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the compound of formula (24a) was prepared by reaction of glycolic acid with aminoguanidine bicarbonate to afford (5-amino-1 H- 1 ,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methanol. The product was then allowed to react with 2,4-pentanedione to provide (5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methanol, which was then oxidized using 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy and iodobenzene diacetate to afford 5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde.

[0602]


[0603] O O

[0604] H3C ^ "CH3

[0605]


[0606] (IXa)

[0607] Compounds of formula (11), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and R is an optionally substituted C6-C10 aryl or an optionally substituted 4-10 membered heterocycle, can be prepared from compounds of formula (17) by reaction with a suitable base in a suitable solvent.

[0608]


[0609] (17) (11 ) Such reactions may be performed using a suitable base in a suitable solvent. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide. Solvents that may be used include, but are not limited to, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, iso-propyl alcohol, n- propyl alcohol, acetonitrile, and DMF, or a mixture of them. Additionally, water may be used as a cosolvent if necessary. These reactions may be performed at a temperature of from about O C to about 150 C. The particular choice of a base or combination of bases, solvent or combination of solvents, and reaction temperature will depend on the particular starting material being used and such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation. Compounds of formula (17), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and R is an optionally substituted C6-C10 aryl or an optionally substituted 4-10 membered heterocycle, can be prepared from compounds of formula (18) by reaction with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst.

[0610]


[0611] These reactions are typically performed in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as a palladium catalyst, a reducing agent, such as hydrogen, and in a solvent. Furthermore, these reactions may be performed at a temperature of from about 25 C to about 150 C, depending on the substrate, the catalyst, the reducing agent, and the solvent. Catalysts useful in such reactions include, but are not limited to, Pd on carbon (5% w/w and 10% w/w, for example), Pt on carbon (5% w/w and 10% w/w, for example), palladium hydroxide, and Raney nickel. Suitable reducing agents that may be used include, but are not limited to, hydrogen and ammonium formate. When hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, it is advantageous to pressurize the reaction vessel with at least one atmosphere of hydrogen gas. Solvents that may be used include, but are not limited to, protic solvents, such as methyl and ethyl alcohol, and aprotic solvents such as acetonitrile, DMF, ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform, and dichloromethane. The particular choice of a catalyst, reducing agent, solvent, and temperature will depend on the particular substrate being used and such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0612] Compounds of formula (18), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and R is an optionally substituted C6-Ci0 aryl or an optionally substituted 4-10 membered heterocycle, can be prepared from compounds of formula (19) by reaction with a compound of formula (20), wherein R is an optionally substituted C6-Ci0 aryl or an optionally substituted 4-10 membered heterocycle and X is a halogen (such as bromine or iodine) or -OSO2CF3, in the presence of a suitable catalyst.

[0613]


[0614] These reactions can be performed using a compound of formula (19), a compound of formula (20), a suitable catalyst, and a suitable copper compound (such as copper (I) iodide. These reactions are also performed in the presence of a base, such as diisopropyl amine, and in a solvent, such as dimethylformamide (DMF). These reactions may be performed at a temperature from 25 C to 150 C, depending on the particular substrates, the catalyst, and the solvents. Suitable catalysts include, but are not limited to, PdCI2(PPh3)2, PdCI2, and Pd(PPh3)4. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, triethylamine, diethylamine, and diethylisopropyl amine. Solvents that may be used include, but are not limited to, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide (DMF), ethyl acetate, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, and chloroform. The particular choice of palladium catalyst, base, solvent, and temperature will depend on the particular substrates being used and such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0615] Compounds of formula (20), wherein R is an optionally substituted C6-C10 aryl or an optionally substituted 4-10 membered heterocycle, and X is a halogen (such as bromine or iodine) or -OSO2CF3, are either commercially available or can be prepared using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0616] Compounds of formula (19), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (21), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, with a suitable reagent or combination of reagents that will cleave the silyl group in compound (21 ).

[0617]


[0618] Suitable reagents or combinations of reagents that will cleave the silyl group in the compound of formula (21 ) include, but are not limited to, strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and fluoride ion (F). Suitable sources of fluoride ion include, but are not limited to, ammonium fluoride salts such as tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride. These reactions can be performed in a solvent or mixture of solvents that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2- butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation. Finally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 50 C, or in the range of from 25 C to about 50 C. The particular choice of a deprotecting reagent or combination of reagents, solvent, and temperature are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0619] Compounds of formula (21 ), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (22), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, by reaction with 2,2,6-trimethyl-[1 ,3]-dioxin-4-one.

[0620]


[0621] These reactions can be performed in the presence of base that will deprotonate the 2,2,6-trimethyl-[1 ,3]-dioxin-4-one. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, lithium diisopropyl amide, tert-butyl lithium, and n-butyl lithium. Bases such as lithium diisopropyl amide can be generated in situ by reaction with diisopropyl amine and an alkyl lithium reagent, such as tert-butyl lithium or n-butyl lithium, and can be used without isolation or further purification. These reactions can also be performed in a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, aprotic solvents such as diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran. Last, these reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range from about -78 C to about ambient or room temperature, or in the range from about -78 C to about 0 C, or in the range from about -78 C to about -30 C. The choice of a particular base, solvent, and temperature are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and such choices can be made without undue experimentation.

[0622] Compounds of formula (22), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, are either commercially available or can be prepared using methods known to those of ordinary skill the art, such as those found in Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1984, 4786-4800.

[0623] The compounds of formula (4) can be prepared in stereoisomerically enriched form by reaction of a compound of formula (11), which is stereoisomerically enriched with a compound of formula (12).


[0624] (11) (12) (4)

[0625] These reactions are generally performed in the presence of a reducing agent, such as a borane source or hydrogen in the presence of suitable catalyst. Suitable borane sources include, but are not limited to, borane-trimethylamine complex, borane-dimethylamine complex, borane t-butyl amine complex, and borane-pyrdine complex. Suitable catalysts for use in the presence of a reducing agent such as hydrogen include, but are not limited to, nickel, palladium, rhodium and ruthenium. Furthermore, such reactions are performed in a solvent or mixture of solvents that will not interfere with desired chemical reaction. Furthermore, appropriate solvents include those that are known to those of skill in the art to be compatible with the reaction conditions and include alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1 -propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation. Finally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, preferably in the range of from about 0 C to about 32 C, most preferably at room or ambient temperature. The choice of a particular reducing agent, solvent, and temperature will depend on several ( factors including, but not limited to, the idep'li^.of the particular reactantsrand the functional groups present in such reactants." Such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0626] Compounds of formula (9), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (8), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst.


[0627] (8) (9)

[0628] Suitable reducing agents for this reaction are those that are capable of transferring hydrogen (H2) to the alkene to afford the desired alkane, compound (9). Suitable reducing agents include, but are not limited to hydrogen gas, formic acid, and formic acid salts, such as ammonium formate. When hydrogen gas is used as the reducing agent, the reaction vessel is usually pressurized with hydrogen gas. Suitable catalysts for this reaction include those that are capable of reducing the alkene in compound (8) to afford alkane (9) in the presence of the suitable reducing agents described above. Suitable catalysts include, but are not limited to, Pd (0), Pt (0), and Ni (0). These catalysts may be prepared in situ from suitable pre-catalysts that may be more shelf-stable. Suitable pre-catalysts include, but are not limited to, palladium on carbon (5 w/w% and 10 w/w%, for example), PdCI2, Pd(OH)2, PdCI2(PPh3)2, Pd(PPh3)4, PtCI2, Pt(OH)2, and Raney Nickel. Furthermore, these reactions can be performed in a solvent or mixture of solvents that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, alkyl esters and aryl esters, alkyl, heterocyclic, and aryl ethers, hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl alcohols, alkyl and aryl halogenated compounds, alkyl or aryl nitriles, alkyl and aryl ketones, and non-protic heterocyclic solvents. For example, suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation. Finally, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 75 C, or in the range of from about 0 C to about 50 C, or in the range of from 25 C to about 50 C. The choice of a particular reducing agent, catalyst, solvent, and temperature will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the identity of the reactants and the presence or absence of other functional groups. Such choices are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation. Compounds of formula (8), wherein R, R, and R are as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (7), wherein R and R are as hereinbefore defined, by reaction with a compound of formula (6), wherein X is a halogen or -OSO2CF3, and R is as hereinbefore defined, in the presence of a suitable catalyst.

[0629]

(7) (6) (8)

[0630] These reactions can be performed in the presence of a catalyst that is chemically and catalytically competent to perform a so-called Heck-type reaction. Suitable catalysts include Pd(O) species, either bound or unbound to an appropriate number of ligands. Such catalysts can be generated in situ from a suitable pre-catalyst in the presence of an appropriate ligand. Suitable pre-catalysts include, but are not limited to, PdCI2, PdCI2(PPh3)2, and Pd(PPh3)4. The amount of catalyst or pre-catalyst used in these reactions will depend on the particular reaction substrates, the temperature at which the reaction is performed, and the solvent in which the reaction is performed. Catalyst loadings may be in the range of from about 0.01 mol% (based on the amount of either compound (7) or (6)) to about 99 mol%, or in the range of from about 0.01 mol% to about 50 mol%, or in the range of from about 0.01 mol% to about 25 mol%, or in the range of from about 0.01 mol% to about 10 mol%, or in the range of from about 0.01 mol% to about 5 mol%. These reactions can also be performed in the presence of a base. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, organic bases, such as triethylamine and sodium acetate, and inorganic bases, such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and cesium carbonate. These reactions can be performed in a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n- butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2- methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1 - propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2- dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation. Finally, these reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 100 C. The particular choice of a catalyst, base, solvent, and temperature are all within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0631] Compounds of formula (6), wherein X is a halogen or -OSO2CF3, and R is as hereinbefore defined are either cornmercially available or can be prepared according to methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0632] Compounds of formula (7), wherein R and R are as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (13), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, by reaction with a compound of formula (14), wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl.

[0633]

(7)

[0634] These reactions can be performed in the presence of a suitably basic compound that is capable of deprotonating the compound of formula (14). Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS), and lithium diisopropyl aminde (LDA). Furthermore, these reactions can be performed in the presence of a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Last, these reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about -78 C to about 25 C, or in the range of from about -78 C to about 0 C. The particular choice of a base, solvent, and temperature are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0635] Compounds of formula (7), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and R is hydrogen, can be prepared in stereoisomerically enriched form from a racemic or scalemic compound of formula (7), wherein Ri is as hereinbefore defined and R is hydrogen, bWa) reaction with a chiral, nop-racemic 'ba'se: [iota]tp, afford a mixture of diastereomeric salts; b) separation of the diastereomeric salts from each other; and 3) conversion to the compound of formula (7) by reaction with a suitable acidic compound. Suitable chiral, non-racemic bases include chiral, non-racemic amines. Useful chiral, non-racemic amines include, but are not limited to, (S)- 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-napthylamine, (R)- 1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-napthylamine,

[0636] (S)-(-)-1-(2-napthyl)ethylamine, (R)-(-)-1-(2-napthyl)ethylamine, (1 R,2S)-(-)-norephedrine, (1S,2R)-(-)-norephedrine. These reactions can be performed in a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, t-amyl alcohol, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, t-butanol, n-butanol, 2- butanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation. Finally, these reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about 0 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 150 C, or in the range of from about 25 C to about 100 C, or at ambient temperature. The solvent can be chosen such that one of the diastereomeric salts is appreciably soluble in the solvent while the other diastereomeric salt is appreciably insoluble in the solvent. Such a difference in solubilities can be used to affect separation of the diastereomeric salts from each other by the precipitation of one of the diastereomeric salts in stereoisomerically enriched form. After precipitation of substantially one diastereomeric salt, the stereoisomeric purity of the salt can be further increased by repeated recrystallization from an appropriate solvent or mixture of solvents. Conversion of a stereoisomerically enriched diastereomeric salt can be performed by reaction of the salt with a suitable acidic compound. Suitable acids include, but are not limited to inorganic acids (such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid) and organic acids (such as acetic acid, formic acid, and citric acid). Alternatively, the compound of formula 7, wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and

[0637] R is hydrogen, can be obtained in stereoisomerically enriched form by reaction with a chiral, non-racemic alcohol, to afford a mixture of diastereomeric esters. The diastereomeric esters can be obtained by reaction of the compound of formula (7) with the desired alcohol in the presence of a suitable activating agent or mixture of activating agents. Suitable activating agents include, but are not limited to, carbodiimides (such as diethylcarbodiimide), diethyldiazodicarboxylate, thionyl chloride, phosgene, and triphosgene. Reaction of the desired chiral, non-racemic alcohol with the activated compound of formula (7) can be performed in the presence of a suitable base. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, organic bases such as triethylamine, diethylisopropylamine, pyridine, and 4,4-N,N- dimethylaminopyridine. Once obtained, the diastereomeric ester compounds of formula (7) can be separated from each other using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art, including, but not limited to, chromatography and fractional crystallization. The choice of a suitable chiral, non-racemic alcohol and conditions for the separation of the mixture of diastereomeric esters are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0638] Compounds of formula (14) are either commercially available or can be prepared using methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0639] Compounds of formula (13), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined, can be prepared from compounds of formula (15), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and R is a suitable leaving group, with a compound of formula (16), wherein M is a group capable of transferring the vinyl group of compound (16) to the compound of formula (15).

[0640]


[0641] (15) (16) (13)

[0642] These reactions can be performed with a compound of formula (16), wherein M is a magnesium derivative, such as magnesium chloride or magnesium bromide, with a compound of formula (15), wherein R is a group -N(OCH3)CH3.. These reactions can be performed in an aprotic solvent that will not interfere with desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, diethyl ether, tert-butyl methyl ether, diisopropyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran. Furthermore, such reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range of from about -78 C to about 25 C, or in the range of from about -78 C to about 0 C. The choice of a particular solvent and temperature are within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art and can be made without undue experimentation.

[0643] Alternatively, compounds of formula (13) can be prepared by reaction of compounds of formula (15), wherein R is as hereinbefore defined and R is a suitable leaving group, such as chloride, by reaction with a compound of formula (16), wherein M is a suitable group such as -Si(CH3)3. The compound of formula (15) wherein R is a suitable leaving group, such as chlorine, can be prepared from compounds of formula (15) wherein R is -OH by reaction with an activating agent. Suitable activating agents include, but are not limited to, oxalyl chloride, thionyl chloride, phosgene, and triphosgene. These reactions can be performed in a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Reaction of the compound of formula (15) wherein R is a suitable leaving group, such as chlorine, with the compound of formula (16), wherein M is a suitable group such as -Si(CH3)3, can be performed in a solvent that will nqt interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, aprotic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, and N1N- dimethylformamide (DMF). Furthermore, such reactions can be performed in the presence of a Lewis acid to assist in the displacement of the leaving group by the vinyl group. Suitable Lewis acids include, but are not limited to, aluminum chloride, tin (IV) chloride, tin (II) chloride, and titanium tetrachloride. The amount of a particular Lewis acid required may vary from about 1 mol% to about 125 mol% (based on the vinyl silane reaction partner) and will depend on the identity of the Lewis acid used, the identity of the reaction partners, the solvent used, and the temperature at which the reaction is performed. Finally, these reactions can be performed at a temperature in the range from about -78C to about 100 C, or in the range of from about -78 C to about 25 C, or preferably in the range of from about -78C to about 0 C.

[0644] Compounds of formula (15) wherein R is a group -N(OCH3)CH3 can be prepared from compounds of formula (15) wherein R is a suitable leaving group, such as -Cl, by reaction N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine. These reactions are performed in the presence of a suitable base. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, organic bases (such as triethylamine, pyridine, and N,N-4-dimethylaminopyridine) and inorganic bases (such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and cesium carbonate). Furthermore, these reactions can be performed in a solvent that will not interfere with the desired chemical reaction. Suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethoxyethane, diisopropyl ether, chlorobenzene, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, propionitrile, butyronitrile, acetic acid, diethyl ether, methyl-t-butyl ether, diphenyl ether, methylphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1 ,4-dioxane, pentane, hexane, heptane, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1 ,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, acetone, 2-butanone, benzene, toluene, anisole, xylenes, and pyridine, or any mixture of the above solvents. Additionally, water may be used as a co-solvent if it will not interfere with the desired transformation.

[0645] , Compounds, of .[iota]fofif[iota]bta(i1'5) wherein R is -OH are commercially available or can be prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0646] Compounds of formula (16) wherein M is a magnesium derivative, such as -MgBr or - MgCI, are either commercially available or can be prepared from compounds of formula (16) wherein M is a halogen, preferably bromine or iodine, by reaction with a suitable magnesium reagent. Suitable magnesium reagents include, but are not limited to, magnesium (0) and Rieke magnesium. These reagents are usually formed in situ in the reaction mixture and ae used without isolation or further purification.

[0647] Compounds of formula (16) wherein M is -Si(CH3)3 are commercially available or can be prepared from compounds of formula (16) is a magnesium derivative, such as -MgBr or - MgCi by reaction with XSi(CH3)3, wherein X is chlorine, bromine, or iodine. These compounds are usually formed in situ in the reaction mixture and are used without further purification or isolation.

[0648] The following Examples are meant to illustrate particular embodiments of the present invention only and are not intended to limit its scope in any manner. Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as molecular weight, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the s, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.

[0649] Examples In the examples described below, unless otherwise indicated, all temperatures in the following description are in degrees Celsius (C) and all parts and percentages are by weight, unless indicated otherwise.

[0650] Various starting materials and other reagents were purchased from commercial suppliers, such as Aldrich Chemical Company or Lancaster Synthesis Ltd., and used without further purification, unless otherwise indicated.

[0651] The reactions set forth below were performed under a positive pressure of nitrogen, argon or with a drying tube, at ambient temperature (unless otherwise stated), in anhydrous solvents. Analytical thin-layer chromatography was performed on glass-backed silica gel 60[deg.]F

[0652] 254 plates (Analtech (0.25 mm)) and eluted with the appropriate solvent ratios (v/v). The reactions were assayed by high-pressure liquid chromotagraphy (HPLC) or thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and terminated as judged by the consumption of starting material. The

[0653] TLC plates were visualized by UV, phosphomolybdic acid stain, or iodine stain.

[0654] H-NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker instrument operating at 300 MHz or 400

[0655] MHz and C-NMR spectra were recorded at 75 MHz. NMR spectra are obtained as DMSOd6 or CDCI3 solutions (reported in ppm), using chloroform as the reference standard (7.25 ppm and 77.00 ppm) or DMSO-d6 (2.50 ppm and 39.52 ppm). Other NMR solvents were used as needed. When peak multiplicities are reported, the following abbreviations are used: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, m = multiplet, br = broadened, dd = doublet of doublets, dt = doublet of triplets. Coupling constants, when given, are reported in Hertz. Infrared spectra were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer FT-IR Spectrometer as neat oils, as

[0656] KBr pellets, or as CDCI3 solutions, and when reported are in wave numbers (cm). The mass spectra were obtained using LC/MS or APCI. All melting points are uncorrected.

[0657] All final products had greater than 95% purity (by HPLC at wavelengths of 220nm and 254nm). In the following examples and preparations, "Et" means ethyl, "Ac" means acetyl, "Me" means methyl, "Ph" means phenyl, "(PhO)2POCI" means chlorodiphenylphosphate, "HCI" means hydrochloric acid, "EtOAc" means ethyl acetate, "Na2CO3" means sodium carbonate, "NaOH" means sodium hydroxide, "NaCI" means sodium chloride, "NEt3" means triethylamine , "THF" means tetrahydrofuran, "DIC" means diisopropylcarbodiimide, "HOBt" means hydroxy benzotriazole, "H2O" means water, "NaHCO3" means sodium hydrogen carbonate, "K2CO3" means potassium carbonate, "MeOH" means methanol, "i-PrOAc" means isopropyl acetate, "MgSO4" means magnesium sulfate, "DMSO" means dimethylsulfoxide, "AcCI" means acetyl chloride, "CH2CI2" means methylene chloride, "MTBE" means methyl t-butyl ether, "DMF" means dimethyl formamide, "SOCI2" means thionyl chloride, "H3PO4" means phosphoric acid, "CH3SO3H" means methanesulfonic acid, " Ac2O" means acetic anhydride, "CH3CN" means acetonitrile, "KOH" means potassium hydroxide, "CDI" means carbonyl diimidazole, "DABCO" means 1 ,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, "IPE" means isopropyl ether, "MTBE" means methyl tert- butyl ether, "Et2O" means diethylether, "Na2SO4" means sodium sulfate, "NBS" means N- bromosuccinimide, "TEA" means triethylamine, "DCM" means dichloromethane, "TBAB" means tetrabutylammonium bromide, "HMPA" means hexamethylphosphoramide, "NMP" means 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, "DMAC" means N,N-dimethylacetamide, "h" means hours, "min" means minutes, "mol" means moles, and "rt" means room temperature.

[0658] 002697

[0659] - 101 -

[0660] Scheme 1 : Sonogashira Route

[0661]


[0662] Example A(1): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2- (5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0663]


[0664] 5,7-Dimethyl-[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde (0.24 g, 1.4 mmol, from step 8 below) was added to a solution of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)- ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione (0.45g, 1.2 mmol, from step 5 below) in MeOH (15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 mins and then treated with borane-dimethylamine complex (100 mg, 1.7 mmoL). After 15 hours the reaction mixture was filtered through a glass frit washing with MeOH. The filtrate was concentrated to a yellow oil. Purification by prep HPLC gave the product as a white powder (230 mg, 36%). H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): [delta] 0.84 (t,

[0665]

67.86; H, 7.25; N, 10.21. Found: C, 67.69; H, 7.40; N, 10.04. Step 1 : 2-Ethyl-5-propoxy-phenol

[0666]

Potassium carbonate (54 g, 0.39 mol) followed by 1 -iodopropane (11.5 mL, 0.12 mol) were added to a solution of 2\4'-dihydroxyacetophenone (20 g, 0.13 mol) in DMF (15OmL). The mixture was stirred for 5 hours and then partitioned between H2O and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with satd NaHCO3, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a clear oil (21.1 g, 91%).

[0667] The oil was dissolved in MeOH (100 mL), treated with 10 wt % Pd/C (6g, Degussa type) and stirred under a balloon of H2 for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite washing with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography (0% to 20% EtOAc in hexanes) to give an orange oil (15g, 93%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.01 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.20 (t, J=7.6 Hz1 3 H), 1.78 (m, 2 H), 2.56 (q, J=I. Q Hz, 2 H), 3.86 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2 H), 4.90 (s, 1 H), 6.37 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.44 (dd, J=8.1 , 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.01 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H). Step 2: 2-Benzyloxy-1-ethyl-4-propoxy-benzene

[0668]

Potassium carbonate (17.8 g, 0.13 mol) followed by benzyl bromide (5.12 mL, 42.9 mmol) were added to a solution of 2-ethyl-5-propoxy-phenol (7.74 g, 42.9 mmol) in DMF (6OmL). The mixture was stirred at 45 C for 15 hours and then partitioned between H2O and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a brown oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 20% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (6.1 g, 55%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.02 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.19 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.78 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 2.63 (q, J-=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.88 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2 H), 5.05 (s, 2 H), 6.44 (dd, .7=8.1 , 2.3 Hz, 1 H), 6.51 (dd, J=2.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.05 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.31 (m, 1 H), 7.38 (m, 2 H), 7.44 (m, 2 H). Step 3: 1-Benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene

[0669]


[0670] A solution of iodine (2.82g, 11.1 mmol) dissolved in CHCI3 (80 mL) was added dropwise to a stirred mixture of 2-benzyloxy-1-ethyl-4-propoxy-benzene (3g, 11.1 mmol), silver trifluoroacetate (2.45g, 11.1 mmol) in CHCI3 (20 mL). After the addition was complete the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered through a pad of celite washing with CH2CI2. The filtrate was washed with satd Na2S2O3, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a pale yellow solid (4.04g, 92%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.07 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.17 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.81 (m, 2 H), 2.59 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.90 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2 H), 5.05 (s, 2 H), 6.43 (s, 1 H), 7.31-7.45 (m, 5 H), 7.49 9s, 1 H).

[0671] Step 4: e-p-Cyclopentyl^-t[delta]-ethyl^-hydroxy-a-propoxy-phenyO^-hydroxy-butyll-Zja- dimethyl-[1 ,3]dioxin-4-one

[0672]


[0673] A mixture of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene (4.Og, 10.1 mmol), 6-(2- cyclopentyl-2-hydroxybut-3-ynyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4H-1 ,3-dioxin-4-one (2.42 g, 19.2 mmol, from step 11 below), PdCI2(PPh3)2 (0.26 g, 4 mol%) and CuI (53 mg, 3 mol%). in diisopropylamine (12 mL) and DMF (12 mL) was heated at 90 [deg.]C for 90 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between 1 N HCI and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a black oil. Flash column chromatography (0% to 40% EtOAc in hexanes) gave a brown oil.

[0674] The oil was dissolved in EtOH (30 mL) and treated with Pd(OH)2 (1g, 20wt%, Degussa type). The mixture was stirred under a balloon of hydrogen for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite washing with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated to an orange oil and purified by flash column chromatography to give the product as a yellow solid (0.83g, 18%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.03 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.20 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.38-1.86 (br m, 19 H), 2.10 (m, 1 H), 2.44-2.65 (m, 6 H), 3.87 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2 H), 4.60 (s, 1 H), 5.36 (s, 1 H), 6.35 (s, 1 H), 6.83 (s, 1 H).

[0675] Step 5: 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4- dione

[0676]


[0677] 6-[2-Cyclopentyl-4-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-butyl]-2,2-dimethyl- [1 ,3]dioxin-4-one (0.8g, 1.8 mmol,) was dissolved in methanol (15 mL), treated with potassium carbonate (0.74g, 5.4 mmol) and heated at 45 C under N2 for 90 mins. The reaction mixture was partitioned between H2O and IPE. The aqueous layer was made acidic with 1 N HCI and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to give the product as a yellow foam (0.5 g, 72% yield). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.02 (t, J=I.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.19 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.41 -1.87 (br m, 11 H), 1.95 (m, 1 H), 2.32 (m, 1 H), 2.49-2.80 (m, 6 H), 3.41 (m, 2 H), 3.85 (m, 2 H), 4.62 (s, 1 H), 6.33 (s, 1 H), 6.80 (S, 1 H). Step 6: (5- Amino-1 H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-methanol

[0678] N-NH

[0679] A solution of glycolic acid (70 % in water, 70 ml_, 805 mmol) was added to aminoguanidine bicarbonate (55.12 g, 405 mmol) carefully. After foaming subsided, concentrated nitric acid (0.5 mL) was added and the entire reaction was refluxed for 40 hours. The reaction was cooled to 5 C for 30 minutes, and the solids were filtered. The solids were then triturated with EtOH for 1 hour. The product was then filtered and dried under nitrogen (40.36 g, 52% yield). MS (ESl): 115 (M+H). Step 7: (5,7-Dimethyl-[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1.5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)-methanol

[0680] H3'

[0681] HO^[Lambda]^N To a slurry of (5-amino-1 H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-methanol (9.5 g, 50 mmol) from step 6 above in acetic acid (200 mL) was added 2,4-pentanedione (5.13 mL, 50 mmol). The mixture was heated to reflux for 4 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. The product was isolated by removing the solvent by rotary evaporation (8.5 g, 95% yield). MS (ESI): 179 (M+H). Step 8: 5,7-Dimethyl-[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde

[0682]


[0683] A slurry of 5,7-dimethyl-[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)-methanol (0.3 g, 1.7 mmol) from step 7 above and,,IEfX,^.^-g-,^.O mmol) in 1 ,2-dichl[omicron]roetbiane (22 mL) w wa[epsilon] s stirred at 80 C for 18 hours. The reaction was. cooied to room temperature, and diluted with 100 mL CH2CI2. After the solids were removed by filtration, the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to give a yellow solid. The solid was purified by flash chromatography to give the desired product (229 mg, 77% yield). H NMR (CDCI3) [delta]: 2.72 (s, 3 H), 2.86 (s, 3 H), 6.96 (s, 1 H), 10.24 (s, 1 H). Step 9: 1-Cyclopentyl-3-(trimethylsilyl)prop-2-yn-1-one


[0684] The title compound was prepared as described in the following reference: Journal of Organic Chemistry 1984, 106, 4786-4800. H NMR (CDCI3) [delta]: 0.24 (s, 9 H), 1.63 (m, 4 H), 1.90 (m, 4 H), 2.92 (pentet, 1 H, J=7.6 Hz).

[0685] Step 10: 6-[2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-4-(trimethylsilyl)but-3-yn-1-yl]-2,2-dimethyl-4A/-1 ,3- dioxin-4-one

[0686]


[0687] A solution of diisopropylamine (3.85 ml_, 27.5 mmol) dissolved in THF (100 mL) was cooled to -78 C, where BuLi (11 mL, 27.5 mmol, 2.5 M in hexanes) was added dropwise over 10 minutes. After stirring at this temperature for 5 minutes the mixture was warmed to room temperature for 5 minutes, then cooled back to -78 C, where 2,2,6-trimethyl-[1 ,3]dioxin-4-one (3.6 mL, 27.5 mmol) was added dropwise over the 5 minutes, then stirred an additional 30 minutes at -78 C. To this solution was added 1-cyclopentyl-3-(trimethylsilyl)prop-2-yn-1 -one (4.85 g, 25 mmol, from step 9) over 5 minutes. The resulting mixture was stirred at -78 C for 1 hour, then slowly warmed to -30 C and quenched with 0.5 N citric acid. The mixture was diluted with ether, washed with 1 N NaHCO3, brine, dried with MgSO4 and concentrated to give the crude product (9.4 g) contaminated with unreacted 2,2,6-trimethyl-[1 ,3]dioxin-4-one. ESIMS (M+Na): 359.1.

[0688] Step 11 : 6-(2-Cyclopentyl-2-hydroxybut-3-ynyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4tf-1 ,3-dioxin-4-one

[0689]


[0690] A solution of crude 6-[2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-4-(trimethylsilyl)but-3-yn-1-yl]-2,2- dimethyl-4/-/-1 ,3-dioxin-4-one (25 mmol), ceasium fluoride (7.6 g, 50 mmol) dissolved in MeOH (75 mL) was stirred over night. The solvent was removed and the residue was diluted with EtOAc, washed with 0.5 N citric acid, 1 N NaHCO3, brine, dried over MgSO4 and concentrated. Purification by flash column chromatography (20% to 30% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product (3.6 g, 54%). H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3) D: 1.45-1.80 (m, 8 H), 1.72 (s, 3 H), 1.74 (s, 3 H), 2.13-2.18 (m, 1 H), 2.49 (s, 1 H), 2.56 (s, 1 H), 2.58 (s, 2 H), 5.43 (s, 1 H). Example A(2): [theta]-Cyclopentyl-[theta]-p-[beta]-ethyl-S-methoxypyridin-^ylJethylldihydro^H-pyran- 2,4(3H)-dione

[0691]


[0692] 6-[2-Cyclopentyl-4-(2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-2-hydroxy-but-3-ynyl]-2,2-dimethyl- [1 ,3]dioxin-4-one (1.6 g, 4 mmol, from step 6 below) was dissolved in EtOH (15 mL) and treated with Pd(OH)2 (0.5g, 20wt% Degussa type). The mixture was stirred under a balloon of hydrogen for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite washing with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated to a pale yellow solid.

[0693] The solid was dissolved in methanol (10 mL), treated with potassium carbonate (1.28g, 9.3 mmol) and heated at 45 C under N2 for 60 mins. The reaction mixture was partitioned between H2O and IPE. The aqueous layer w^s made neutral with 1 N HCI and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to give the product as a yellow solid (0.71 g, 51% yield). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.26 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.41-1.95 (br m, 8 H), 2.34 (m, 1 H), 2.63-2.76 (m, 6 H), 3.43 (m, 2 H), 3.88 (m, 5 H), 6.90 (s, 1 H), 8.09 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C20H27NO4: C, 69.54; H, 7.88; N1 4.05. Found: C, 69.33; H, 7.88; N, 3.99. Step 1 : 5-Methoxy-2-methyl-pyridine

[0694]


[0695] 5-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine (15g, 0.14 mol) was added to a stirred suspension of KOH (31 g, 0.55 mol) in DMSO (150 mL). The mixture was stirred for 1 hour and then treated with methyl iodide (9.8 mL, 0.15 mol). After 20 mins the reaction mixture was poured into H2O and extracted with ether. The ether extracts were dried over MgSO4 and concentrated to a red oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 50% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (10.1g, 59%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 2.49 (s, 3 H), 3.83 (s, 3 H), 7.06 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.12 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 8.19 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1 H). Step 2: 2-Ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine

[0696]

5-Methoxy-2-methyl-pyridine (9.5 g, 77 mmol) was added to a cooled -78 C solution of

[0697] LDA prepared from n-BuLi (37 ml_, 93 mmol, 2.5 M in hexanes) and diisopropylamine (13 mL,

[0698] 93 mmol) dissolved in THF (100 mL). The deep red reaction mixture was stirred for 30 mins and then treated with methyl iodide (5.4 mL, 85 mmol). After 2 hours the mixture was quenched with cone NH4OH (15 mL). The mixture was poured into H2O and extracted with EtOAc. The organic extracts were washed with brine, drived over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a red oil.

[0699] Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 40% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (2.5g, 24%) and unreacted starting material (3.8g, 40%). H NMR (400 MHz,

[0700] CDCI3): [delta] 1.28 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 2.76 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2 H), 3.84 (s, 3 H), 7.08 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.14 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 8.23 (s, 1 H).

[0701] Step 3: 2-Ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine 1 -oxide

[0702]


[0703] 3-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (5.66 g, 32.8 mmol) was added to a stirred solution of 2- ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine (3 g, 22 mmol) dissolved in CHCI3 (100 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours and then quenched with satd Na2SO3. The reaction mixture was partitioned between H2O and CH2CI2. The organic layer was washed with 1 N NaOH, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to an oil (3.3g, 99%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.29 (t,

[0704] J=7.5 Hz, 3 H), 2.89 (q, J=7.5 Hz, 2 H), 3.82 (s, 3 H), 6.86 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.11 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H)1 8.04 (s, 1 H).

[0705] Step 4: 2-Bromo-6-ethyl-3-methoxy-pyridine 1 -oxide (A) and 4-Bromo-2-ethyI-5-methoxy- pyridine 1 -oxide (B)

[0706] of 2-ethyl-.5-methoxy-

mixture was heated to 90[deg.]C for 5 hours. The mixture was poured into ice, made basic with 15% NaOH and extracted with EtOAc. The organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a yellow soil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 50% gave a mixture of nitro isomers as a yellow solid (1.58g, 36%) The solid was dissolved in acetic acid (30 mL) and treated with acetyl bromide (18 mL).

[0707] The mixture was heated to 80 C for 5 hours. The mixture was poured into ice, made basic with

[0708] NaOH pellets and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a yellow solid. Flash column chromatography (0% to 80% EtOAc in hexanes) gave 2-bromo-6-ethyl-3-methoxy-pyridine 1 -oxide (0.32g, 18%). Further elution with 5% MeOH in CH2CI2 gave 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine 1 -oxide (1.31g, 74%). A: H NMR (400

[0709] MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.30 (t, J=I. ,3 Hz, 3 H), 2.95 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2 H), 3.94 (s, 3 H), 6.79 (d, J=8.8 Hz,

[0710] 1 H), 7.11 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1 H). B: H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.29 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 2.86 (q,

[0711] J=7.3 Hz, 2 H), 3.90 (s, 3 H), 7.36 (s, 1 H), 7.98 (s, 1 H) Step 5: 4-Bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine

[0712]


[0713] Phosphorous tribromide (5.5 mL) was added to a solution of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5- methoxy-pyridine 1 -oxide (1.25 g, 5.4 mmol) dissolved in CH2CI2 (40 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 50 [deg.]C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was poured into ice and made basic with 15% NaOH and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a clear oil (1.13 g, 97%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.28 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 2.75 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.97 (s, 3 H), 7.37 (s, 1 H), 8.13 (s, 1 H) Step 6: 6-[2-Cyclopentyl-4-(2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-2-hydroxy-but-3-ynyl]-2,2- dimethyl-[1 ,3]dioxin-4-one

[0714]


[0715] A mixture of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy~pyridine (1.1 g, 5.1 mmol), 6-(2-cyclopentyl-2- hydroxybut-3-ynyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4H-1 ,3-dioxin-4-one (1.22 g, 4.6 mmol), PdCI2(PPh3)2 (0.13 g, 4 mol%) and CuI (27 mg, 3 mol%) in diisopropylamine (6 mL) and DMF (6 mL) was heated at 90 [deg.]C for 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between satd NaHCO3 and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with H2O, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a brown oil. Flash column chromatography (0% to 60% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a yellow oil (1.62, 89%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.26 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.60-1.84 (br m, 14 H), 2.26 (m, 1 H), 2.71 (m, 5 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H), 5.54 (s, 1 H), 7.05 (s, 1

[0716] H), 8.19 (s, 1 H).

[0717] Example A(3): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-

[0718] (2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0719]


[0720] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione (example A(2)) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro- pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): [delta] 0.94 (t, J = 7.58 Hz, 3H), 1.19-1.53 (m, 8H), 1.83 (m, 1 H), 1.91 (m, 1 H), 2.20 (m, 4 H), 2.29-2.37 (m, 6H), 2.43 (q, J = 7.58 Hz, 2H), 2.59 (d, J = 17.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.50 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.56 (s, 3 H), 3.61 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (s, 1 H), 6.85 (s, 1 H), 7.88 (s, 1 H), 10.82 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C28H35N5CVO-S AcOH: C, 65.03; H, 6.96; N, 13.08. Found: C, 65.15; H, 7.05; N, 12.79. Example A(4): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-t2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridln-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0721]


[0722] 6-Methyl-[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde (0.13 g, 0.82 mmol, from step 2 below) was added to a solution of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4- yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione (0.23g, 0.68 mmol, example A(2)) in MeOH (7 ml_). The reaction mixture was stirred for 10 mins and then treated with borane-dimethylamine complex (60 mg, 0.68 mmoL). After 15 hours the reaction mixture was filtered through a glass frit washing with MeOH. The filtrate was concentrated to a yellow oil. Purification by prep HPLC gave the product as a white powder (58 mg, 17%). H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): [delta] 1.22 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 3H), 1.42-1.75 (m, 8H), 2.11 (m, 2 H), 2.41 (s, 3 H), 2.46-2.65 (m, 4 H), 2.70 (q, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.83 (d, J = 17.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (m, 5 H), 7.13 (s, 1 H), 8.16(s, 1 H) 8.74 (s, 1 H), 8.93

[0723] (s, 1 H), 11.04 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 492.10 (M+H).

[0724] Step 1 : (6-Methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methanol

[0725] CH3

[0726] To a slurry of (5-amino-1 H-[1 ,2,4]triazol-3-yl)-methanol (16.6 g, 87.6 mmol) from step 6 of example A(1 ) in acetic acid was added 3-ethoxymethacrolein (1 O g, 87.6 mmol). The mixture was heated to 80 C for 4 hours. Upon cooling of the reaction, the product cyrstallized out of solution. The collected product was awhite solid (14 g, 92%). H NMR (300MHz, DMSO-d6): [delta] 2.38 (s, 3 H), 4.63 (s, 2 H), 5.52 (s, 1 H), 8.75 (s, 1 H), 9.21 (s, 1 H). Step 2: 6-Methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde

[0727]


[0728] A slurry of (6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methanol (15.7 g, 95.6 mmol) from step 1 above, TEMPO (112mg, 7.2 mmol), iodobenzene diacetate (33.9 g, 105.2 mmol) in CH2CI2 (100 ml.) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Once the reaction was deemed complete, methyl tert-butyl ether (50 mL) was added slowly to precipitate the product. The concentrated mother liquor was introduced into a silica gel column and eluted with 2% MeOH/CH2CI2 to give an additional amount of the aldehyde product as a white solid (12 g, 80%). H NMR (CDCI3) -: 2.54 (s, 3 H), 8.73 (s, 1 H), 8.85 (s, 1 H), 10.23 (s, 1 H). Example A(5): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-f2-(6-ethyl-3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran- 2,4(3H)-dione

[0729]


[0730] The title ,compbu[eta]#jM^ prepared analogously to 'example A(2) where 2-,brpmo-6-ethyl- 3-methoxy-pyridine from step 1 below was substituted in place of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy- pyridine in step 6 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.24 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.41- 1.84 (br m, 8 H), 2.12 (m, 2 H), 2.37 (m, 1 H), 2.72 (m, 4 H), 2.89 (m, 2 H), 3.42 (m, 2 H), 3.79 (s, 3 H), 6.96 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.03 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H). MS (ESI): 346.10 (MH-H) Step 1 : 2-Bromo-6-ethyl-3-methoxy-pyridine


[0731] Phosphorous tribromide (1.3 mL) was added to a solution of 2-bromo-6-ethyl-3- methoxy-pyridine 1 -oxide (0.3 g, 1.3 mmol, from step 4 of example A(2)) dissolved in CH2CI2 (10 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 50 C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature the mixture was poured into ice and made basic with 15% NaOH and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic extracts were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a clear oil (0.28 g, 99%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.27 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 2.76 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.89 (s, 3 H), 7.06 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.09 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H).

[0732] Example A(6): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2- (6-ethyl-3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0733]


[0734] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1 ) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(6-ethyl-3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione (example A(5)) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro- pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): [delta] 1.15 (t, J = 7.58 Hz, 3H), 1.42-1.75 (m, 8H), 2.11 (s, '1 H), 2.22 (s, 1 H), 2.34-2.65 (m, 11 H), 2.74 (m, 2 H), 3.71 (s, 3 H), 3.73 (d, J = 16.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.79 (d, J = 16.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.02 (s, 1 H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 8.59 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 10.91 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 506.10 (M+H) Example A(7): -Cyclopentyl--[beta]^S-methoxy^-methylpyridin^-yOethylJdihydro^H-pyran- 2,4(3H)-dione

[0735]


[0736] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where 5-methoxy-2- methyl-pyridine from step 1 of example A(2) was substituted in place of 2-ethyl-5-methoxy- pyridine in step 3 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.41-1.84 (br m, 8 H), 2.31 (m, 1 H), 2.46 (s, 3 H), 2.67-2.76 (m, 4 H), 3.42 (s, 2 H), 3.88 (m, 5 H), 6.91 (s, 1 H), 8.04 (s, 1 H).

[0737] Anal. Calcd. For C19H25NO4: C, 68.86; H1 7.60; N, 4.23. Found: C, 68.92; H, 7.75; N, 4.26. Example A(8): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-[2-(5-methoxy-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0738]


[0739] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(5-methoxy-2-methylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione (example A(7)) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro- pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400MHz, DMSOd6): [delta] 1.45-1.78 (m, 8H), 2.11 (s, 1 H), 2.19 (s, 1 H), 2.41 (s, 3 H), 2.48 (m, 4 H), 2.56-2.62 (m, 6 H), 2.84 (d, J = 17.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.82 (s, 3 H), 3.88 (d, J = 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.10 (s, 1 H), 7.12 (s, 1 H), 8.11 (s, 1 H), 11.15 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C27H33N5O4-CS AcOH: C, 64.47; H, 6.76; N, 13.43. Found: C, 64.42; H, 6.78; N, 13.39.

[0740] Example A(9): 6-{2-[2,6-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0741]


[0742] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 4-bromo-2,6-bis- (2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine from step 5 below was substituted in place of 1 -benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4- iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): [delta] 1.19-1.53 (m, 8H), 1.98 (m, 2H), 2.14-2.37 (m, 8H), 2.52 (m, 2H)1 2.59 (d, J = 17.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.50-3.67(m, 6 H), 6.86 (s, 1 H), 7.20 (s, 2 H), 10.79 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 612.15 (M+H). Step 1 : 2,6-Bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine


[0743] Trimethyl(trifluoromethyl)silane (11.8 mL, 75.5 mmol) was added to a stirred mixture of 2,6-bis(bromomethyl)pyridine (8g, 30.2 mmol), KF (4.4g, 75.5 mmol), CuI (17.3g, 90.6 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) and NMP (40 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 55 [deg.]C under N2 for 15 hours. The mixture was poured into water, made basic with 1 N NaOH and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a black oil. Flash column chromatography (0% to 30% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a yellow oil (4.3g, 54%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 3.61 (q, J=10.6 Hz, 4 H), 7.32 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 7.71 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1 H). Step 2: 2,6-Bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine 1 -oxide

[0744]


[0745] 3-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid (4.52 g, 26.2 mmol) was added to a solution of 2,6-bis-(2,2,2- trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine (4.25g, 17.5 mmol) in CHCI3 (70 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours and then quenched with satd Na2SO3. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layers were washed with 1 N NaOH, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a yellow oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 50% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a yellow solid (2.65g, 58%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 3.96 (q, JM 0.4 Hz, 4 H), 7.27 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.47 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H). Step 3: 4-Nitro-2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine 1 -oxide

[0746]


[0747] 2,6-Bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine 1 -oxide (2.65 g, 10.22 mmol)was dissolved in H2SO4 (4mL) and cooled JtQ)QC1.,' HNO3 (3.2 mL) was addecJ slowly and after the addition was complete the reac [iota]ttiioonnmixture'wis heated to 90C for 2 hours. The mixture was poured into ice, made basic with 15% NaOH and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a red oil (2.72 g, 81%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 3.95 (t, J=10.1 Hz, 4 H), 8.31 (s, 2 H). Step 4: 4-Bromo-2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine 1 -oxide


[0748] Acetyl bromide (14 mL) was added to a solution of 4-nitro-2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)- pyridine 1 -oxide (2.7 g, 8.9 mmol) dissolved in AcOH (25 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 90 C for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, poured into ice, made basic with NaOH pellets and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a red oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 30% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a yellow oil (2.18 g, 72%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 3.92 (t, JM 0.1 Hz, 4 H), 7.59 (s, 2 H). Step 5: 4-Bromo-2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine

[0749]


[0750] A solution of 4-bromo-2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine 1 -oxide (2.1 g, 6.2 mmol) and

[0751] PBr3 (1 mL) in CH2CI2 (15 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into ice, made basic with 15% NaOH and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a pale yellow solid (1.77g, 89%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 3.59 (t, J=10.4 Hz, 4 H), 7.51 (s, 2 H).

[0752] Example A(10): Enantiomer 1 of 6-{2-[2,6-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6- cyclopentyl-S-KSjT-dimethylti^^ltriazolotij[delta]-alpyrimidin-a-yOmethyll^-hydroxy-Sj[beta]- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0753]

1

[0754] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-{2-[2,6-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4- yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (65 mg, Example A(9)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 100 bar, 30% MeOH). (27 mg, 1.975 min retention time, 100% ee) Example A(11): Enantiomer 2 of 6-{2-[2,6-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6- cyclopentyl-a-^[delta]^-dimethylti^.^triazolotij[delta]-alpyrimidin^-yOmethyll-[Phi]hydroxy-[delta]^- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0755]

The title compound was separated from racemic 6-{2-[2,6-bis(2,2J2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-

[0756] 4-yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (65 mg, Example A(9)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 100 bar, 30% MeOH). (29 mg, 3.203 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0757] Example A(12): Enantiomer 1 of 6-CyclopentyI-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1.5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-t2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1 -benzof uran-7-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0758]


[0759] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1 - benzofuran-7-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (280 mg, from step 1 below) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 140 bar, 40% MeOH). (113 mg, 5.140 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0760] Step 1 : 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]t[iota][iota]azolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5- ethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2- one

[0761]


[0762] The title compound was prepared analogously to example X(x) where 1 -(4-hydroxy- benzofuran-5-yl)-ethanone from step 1 below was substituted in place of 1 -(4-ethoxy-2-hydroxy- phenyl)-ethanone in step 2 of that example.

[0763] H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.08 (t, J=I, ,3 Hz, 3 H), 1.45-1.75 (br m, 8 H), 2.01 (m, 1 H), 2.15 (m, 1 H), 2.39-2.65 (m, 12 H), 2.80 (d, J=AlA Hz, 1 H), 3.09 (t, J=8.8 Hz, 2 H), 3.77 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.47 (t, J= 11.4 Hz, 2 H), 6.64 (s, 1 H), 7.09 (s, 1 H), 8.58 (s, 1 H), 10.89 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C30H36N4O5-O^H2O: C, 66.74; H, 6.87; N, 10.38. Found: C, 66.71 ; H, 6.65; N, 10.2,1. Step 1: 1-(4-Hydroxy-benzofuran-5-yl)-ethanone

[0764]


[0765] The title compound was prepared as described in the following reference: Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 4909-4922. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.58 (s, 3 H), 7.00 (dd, J=ZJO, 1.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.05 (dd, J=8.8, 1.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.57 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.66 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1 H), 13.3 (s, 1 H).

[0766] Example A(13): Enantiomer 2 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-7-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0767] r

[0768]


[0769] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1 - benzofuran-7-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (280 mg, from step 1 of example A(12)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 140 bar, 40% MeOH). (106 mg, 8.992 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0770] Example A(14): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-

[0771] [2-(5-ethylpyridin-3-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0772]


[0773] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 3-bromo-5-ethyl- pyridine from step 1 below was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy- benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/6) [delta]: 1.14 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.40-1.70 (br m, 8 H), 2.14 (m, 2 H), 2.44-2.65 (m, 12 H), 2.79 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.72 (d, JM 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.83 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.04 (s, 1 H), 7.50 (s, 1 H), 8.24 (s, 1 H), 8.26 (s 1 H), 10.90 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 476.10 (M+H) Step 1 : 3-Bromo-5-ethyl-py[iota][iota]dine

[0774]


[0775] A mixture of NaOH (10 g, 0.25 mol), hydrazine monohydrate (10 mL) and 3-acetyl-5- bromopyridine (5g, 25 mmol) suspended in diethylene glycol (18 mL) was heated to 140 C for

[0776] 6 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between H2O and ether.

[0777] The ether extracts were dried over MgSO4 and concentrated to a clear oil. Flash column chromatography (0% to 15% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (2.9 g, 58%).

[0778] H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.26 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 2.65 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 7.67 (t, J=2.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.37 (d, J=1.8 Hz1 1 H), 8.51 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1 H).

[0779] Example A(15): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-

[0780] [2-(4-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0781]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 2-bromo-4-ethyl- pyridine was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) [delta]: 0.99 (t, J=I. Q Hz, 3 H), 1.22-1.53 (br m, 8 H), 2.06 (m, 2 H), 2.24-2.44 (m, 10 H), 2.59 (m, 3 H), 3.56 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.65 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.87 (s, 1 H), 6.90 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.97 (s, 1 H), 8.16 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1 H), 10.77 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C27H33N5O3"0.25 AcOH: C, 67.32; H, 6.99; N, 14.28. Found: C, 67.31 ; H, 7.02; N, 13.92.

[0782] Example A(16): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(4-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0783]


[0784] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2- (4-ethyl-pyridin-2-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione (from step 1 below) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.07 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.29-1.59 (br m, 8 H), 2.09 (m, 2 H), 2.26-2.52 (m, 6 H), 2.66 (m, 4 H), 3.64 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.70 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.97 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.05 (s, 1 H), 8.24 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.59 (s, 1 H), 8.86 (s, 1 H), 10.82 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C26H31N5O3-O-S AcOH: C, 66.62; H, 6.77; N, 14.60. Found: C, 66.63; H, 6.86; N, 14.24. Step 1 : [theta]-Cyclopentyl-[theta]-p-t[Phi]ethyl-pyridin-a-ylJ-ethyll-dihydro-pyran^^-dione

[0785]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where 2-bromo-4-ethyl- pyridine was substituted in place of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine in step 6 of that example.

[0786] H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.25 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.41-1.82 (br m, 8 H), 2.14 (m, 2 H), 2.30 (m, 1 H), 2.63 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 2.75 (m, 2 H), 2.86 (m, 2 H), 3.47 (m, 2 H), 7.01 (m, 2 H), 8.37 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 316.10 (M+H)

[0787] Example A(17): [delta]-Cyclopentyl-[theta]-p-[beta].[theta]-diethylpyridin-[Phi]-yOethyfl-S-IXSJ- dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one


[0788] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(9) where 2,6-diethyl- pyridine from step 1 below was substituted in place of 2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine in step 2 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-Of6) [delta]: 1.16 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 6 H), 1.40-1.72 (br m, 8 H), 2.13 (m, 2 H), 2.41-2.67 (m, 14 H), 2.78 (d, J=17.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.70 (d, JM 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.83 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H),6.91 (s, 2 H), 7.05 (s, 1 H), 10.93 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C29H37N5O3-O-S AcOH: C, 67.52; H, 7.37; N, 13.12. Found: C, 67.70; H, 7.60; N, 12.91. Step 1 : 2,6-diethyl-pyridine

[0789]

A mixture of NaOH (14.7 g, 0.37 mol), hydrazine monohydrate (15 ml_) and 2,6- diacetylpyridine (6g, 36.8 mmol) suspended in diethylene glycol (27 mL) was cautiously heated to 120 [deg.]C for 16 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between H2O and ether. The ether extracts were washed with 1 N NaOH, dried over MgSO4 and concentrated to a clear oil. Flash column chromatography (0% to 15% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (2.9 g, 58%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.29 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 3 H), 2.80 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2 H), 6.97 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 2 H), 7.51 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1 H). 2,6-Diethyl-pyridine has also been prepared as follows:

[0790] A solution of ethylmagnesium bromide in ethyl ether [prepared from Mg (16.5 g, 0.68 mol) and ethyl bromide (50 mL, 0.68 mol) in 500 mL of ether] was added dropwise to a mixture of 2,6-dichloropyridine (50 g, 0.34 mol) and NiCI2(dppp) (1.0 g, 2 mol) in anhydrous ethyl ether

[0791] (500 mL) .at 0 C unde(r N3 atmosphere. After addition, the resulting mixture was stirred at

[0792] ' ''?" 'i [iota]V" " ' ambient temperature oveif[eta]gh't; was then heated to reflux for about 3 hours. The suspension was poured into cushed ice (200 g) and the mixture was saturated with NH4CI. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with ether (200 mL x 3). The combined organic layers were washed with water, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to give the product (41.1g, 89%).

[0793] Example A(18): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0794]


[0795] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(9) where 2,6-lutidine N- oxide was substituted in place of 2,6-Bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine 1 -oxide in step 3 of that example.

[0796] H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/6) [delta]: 1.44-1.75 (br m, 8 H), 2.19 (m, 2 H), 2.42-2.63 (m, 16 H), 2.85 (d, J=17.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.77 (d, J=16.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.89 (d, J=16.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.97 (s, 2 H), 7.12 (s, 1 H), 11.05 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 476.20 (M+H)

[0797] Example A(19): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- {2-[5-ethyl-2-(3-methoxypropyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0798]


[0799] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1 ) where trifluoro- methanesulfonic acid 5-ethyl-2-(3-methoxy-propyl)-phenyl ester from step 5 below was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.08 (d, J=7.6 Hz1 3 H), 1.40-1.73 (br m, 10 H), 1.99 (s, 1 H), 2.18 (m, 1 H), 2.33 (s, 3 H), 2.40-2.57 (m, 11 H), 2.79 (d, J=MA Hz, 1 H), 3.16 (s, 3 H), 3.17 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.70 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.81 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.94 (m, 3 H), 7.01 (s, 1 H), 10.95 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 546.72 (M+H)

[0800] Step 1 : 4-Ethyl-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (A) and 2-Ethyl-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (B)

[0801]


[0802] A B

[0803] Titanium(IV) chloride (100 ml_, 100 mmol, 1 M in CH2CI2) followed by dichloromethyl methyl ether (7.47 mL, 82.5 mmol) was added to a cooled 0 C solution of 3-ethylphenol (6.11 g, 50 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 45 mins. The mixture was poured into ice and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a bright pink oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 10% EtOAc in hexanes) gave 4-ethyl-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (4.9g, 65%) followed by 2-ethyl-4- hydroxy-benzaldehyde (1.32 g, 18%). A: H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.25 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H)1 2.67 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 6.82 (s, 1 H), 6.85 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.46 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1 H), 9.83 (s, 1 H), 11.05 (s, 1 H). B: H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.27 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 3.03 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 6.68 (s, 1 H), 6.78 (s, 1 H), 6.82 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.77 (t, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 10.10 (s, 1 H). Step 2: 3-(2-Benzyloxy-4-ethyl-phenyl)-acrylic acid ethyl ester

[0804]


[0805] Potassium ca[phi]onate (8.84 g, 64 mmol) followed by benzyl bromide (3.8 mL, 32 mmol) was added to a solution of 4-ethyl-2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (4.8 g, 32 mmol) in DMF (50 mL). The mixture was stirred for 15 hours and then partitioned between 1 N HCI and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a brown oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 10% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a yellow oil (6.1 g, 84%). The oil was dissolved in THF (40 mL) and treated with

[0806] (carbethoxymethylene)triphenylphosphorane (3.5 g, 9.99 mmol). The reaction was heated at 70 C for 5 days. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography (0% to 15% EtOAc in hexanes) to give the product (2.93 g, 95%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.21 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.32 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 2.63 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 4.24 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2 H), 5.15 (s, 2 H), 6.49 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.80 (m, 2 H), 7.33-7.47 (m, 6 H), 8.05 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1

[0807] H).

[0808] Step 3: 3-(2-Benzyloxy-4-ethyl-phenyl)-prop-2-en-1-ol

[0809]


[0810] A solution of 3-(2-benzyloxy-4-ethyl-phenyl)-acrylic acid ethyl ester (2.9 g, 9.3 mmol) dissolved in ether (7 mL) was added to a cooled 0 C suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (0.89 g, 23.4 mmol) in ether (20 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 hours, quenched with H2O (3.6 mL) and 15% NaOH (0.9 mL) and then filtered through glass frit washing with ether. The filtrate was concentrated to a clear oil and purified by flash column chromatography (0% to 30% EtOAc in hexanes) to give the product (1.78 g,.71%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.22 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 2.62 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 4.29 (m, 2 H), 5.10 (s, 2 H), 6.35 (dt, J=16.2, 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.78 (s, 1 H), 6.80 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.32-7.45 (m, 6 H). Step 4: 5-Ethyl-2-(3-methoxy-propyl)-phenol


[0811] Potassium hydroxide (1.17 g, 20.9 mmol) followed by methyl iodide (0.5 ml_, 7.8 mmol) were added to a solution of 3-(2-benzyloxy-4-ethyl-phenyl)-prop-2-en-1-ol (1.4 g, 5.2 mmol) in DMSO (20 ml_). The mixture was stirred for 15 hours and then partitioned between 1 N HCI and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a brown oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 30% EtOAc in hexanes) gave a clear oil (1.O g, 68%).

[0812] The oil was dissolved in EtOH (10 ml.) and treated with Pd(OH)2 (0.25g, 20wt%, Degussa type). The mixture was stirred under a balloon of hydrogen for 6 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite washing with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by flash column chromatography to give the product (0.48g, 65%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.22 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.87 (m, 2 H), 2.58 (d, ^7.6 Hz, 2 H), 2.69 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.37 (t, J=5.8 Hz, 2 H), 3.41 (s, 3 H), 6.70 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.73 (s, 1 H), 6.98 (m, 2 H). Step 5: Trif luoro-methanesulfonic acid 5-ethyl-2-(3-methoxy-propyl)-phenyl ester

[0813]


[0814] Trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.47 ml_, 2.8 mmol) followed by triethylamine (0.42 ml_, 3 mmol) was added to a cooled 0 [deg.]C solution of 5-ethyl-2-(3-methoxy-propyl)-phenol (0.45 g, 2.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 1 hour and then warmed to room temperature. The reaction was partitioned between 1 N HCI and EtOAc. The organic extracts were washed with bring, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a black oil. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.24 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.89 (m, 2 H), 2.65 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 2.75 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.35 (s, 3 H), 3.40 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 7.07 (s, 1 H), 7.14 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.23 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1 H). Example A(20): 6-Cyclppenty-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrirmdin-2-yl)methyl]-6- {2-[3-ethyl-4-(3-[phi]ethox[gamma]^^pyl)^[eta]enyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-[omicron]ne

[0815]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(19) where 2-ethyl-4- hydroxy-benzaldehyde from step 1 of example A(19) was substituted in place of 4-ethyl-2- hydroxy-benzaldehyde in step 2 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 0.97 (t, J=1.Q Hz, 3 H), 1.28-1.60 (br m, 10 H), 1.98 (m, 2 H), 2.31-2.45 (m, 14 H), 2.66 (d, JM 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.14 (s, 3 H), 3.23 (t, J=I. Q Hz, 2 H), 3.58 (d, JM 6.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.71 (d, JM 6.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.88 (m, 4 H), 10.98 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 547.20 (M+H)

[0816] Example A(21 ): (6R)-6-cyclopentyI-6-[2-(5-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0817]

Boron tribromide (0.82 ml_, 1M in CH2CI2) was added to a cooled -78 C of 6- cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-(6-methyl- [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydro-pyran-2-one (70 mg, 0.14 mmol, from step 3 below) dissolved in CH2CI2 (5 ml_). The reaction was stirred for 15 hours. 1 N HCI was added and the reaction was stirred for 10mins. The mixture was extracted with 10% MeOH in EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to brown solid residue. Purification by prep HPLC gave the product as a brown solid (27 mg, 40%). H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-CZ6) [delta]: 1.04 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.40-1.75 (br m, 8 H), 1.98 (m, 2 H), 2.37-2.45 (m, 8 H), 2.57 (d, J=MA Hz, 1 H), 2.74 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.78 (d, JM 6.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.79 (d, JM 6.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.33 (s, 1 H), 6.68 (s, 1 H), 8.69 (s, 1 H), 8.84 (m, 3 H), 10.90 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 492.55 (M+H)

[0818] Step 1 : Acetic acid 4-bromo-2-ethyI-5-methoxy-phenyl ester

[0819]


[0820] The title compound was prepared analogously to step 4 of example A(22) where methyl iodide was substituted in place of ethyl iodide in step 1 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.16 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3 H), 2.32 (s, 3 H), 2.45 (q, J=7.4 Hz, 2 H), 3.85 (s, 3 H), 6.59 (s, 1 H), 7.42 (s, 1 H).

[0821] Step 2: 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4- dione


[0822] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where acetic acid 4- bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy-phenyl ester was substituted in place of 4-bromo-2-ethyI-5-methoxy- pyridine in step 6 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.20 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3 H), 1.41- 1.86 (m, 9 H), 1.94 (m, 1 H), 2.34 (m, 1 H), 2.52 (m, 3 H), 2.62 (m, 1 H), 2.73 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.78 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.41 (s, 2 H), 3.75 (s, 3 H), 4.58 (s, 1 H), 6.35 (s, 1 H), 6.80 (s, 1 H).

[0823] Step 3: [beta]-Cyclopentyl-e-p-t[delta]-ethyl^-hydroxy^-methoxy-phenylJ-ethyll-^hydroxy-S-C[theta]- methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydro-pyran-2-one

[0824]


[0825] Racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-(6- methyl-[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydro-pyran-2-one was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-phenyl)- ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 2 above was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2- (2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione.

[0826] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2- methoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-(6-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)-5,6- dihydro-pyran-2-one using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 140 bar, 40% MeOH). (5.65 min retention time). H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.10 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.44-1.76 (br m, 8 H), 2.04 (m, 2 H), 2.41-2.62 (m, 9 H), 2.81 (d, J=17.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.69 (s, 3 H), 3.79 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.44 (s, 1 H), 6,82 (s, 1 H), 8.74 (s, 1 H), 8.88 (s, 1 H), 9.10 (s, 1 H), 10.95 (s, 1 H).

[0827] Example A(22): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one


[0828] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where acetic acid 4- bromo-5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenyl ester from step 4 below was substituted in place of 1 -benzyloxy-2- ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 0.80 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.03 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.24-1.52 (br m, 8 H), 1.70 (m, 1 H), 1.85 (m, 1 H), 2.12-2.32 (m, 11 H), 2.37 (d, J=17.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.55 (d, J=17.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.51 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.61 (m, 3 H), 6.13 (s, 1 H), 6.51 (s, 1 H), 6.83 (s, 1 H), 8.76 (s, 1 H), 10.61 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 536.20 (M+H) Step 1: 1-(4-Ethoxy-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone

[0829]


[0830] Potassium carbonate (13.6 g, 99 mmol) followed by ethyl iodide (2.4 mL, 29.6 mmol) were added to a solution of 2',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone (5 g, 33 mmol) in DMF (5OmL). The mixture was stirred for 4 hours and then partitioned between H2O and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with satd NaHCO3, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a clear oil. Purification by column chromatography gave the product as a white solid (3.7g, 63%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.43 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3 H), 2.55 (s, 3 H), 4.07 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 2 H), 6.40 (s, 1 H), 6.43 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1 H), 12.74 (s, 1 H). Step 2: 5-Ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenol

[0831]

1-(4-Ethoxy-2-hydr[omicron]xy-phenyl)-ethanone was dissolved in MeOH (40 mL), treated with

[0832] 10 wt % Pd/C (1.4g, Degussa type) and stirred under a balloon of H2 for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite washing with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated to give the product as an oil (3.12 g, 97%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.21 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.39 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3 H), 2.56 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.98 (d, .7=7.1 Hz, 2 H), 4.79 (s, 1 H), 6.37 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.44 (dd, J=8.3, 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.01 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H). B2005/002697

[0833] - 126 -

[0834] Step 3: 4-Bromo-5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenol

[0835]


[0836] A solution of tetrabutyl ammonium tribromide (9.9 g, 20.5 mmol) in CHCI3 (60 ml_) was added to a stirred solution of 5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenol (3.1 g, 18.6 mmol) dissolved in CHCI3 (90 r[tau]iL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 mins and then quenched with 5% solution of sodium thiosulfate (30 mL). The biphasic mixture was stirred for 30 mins and then the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a red oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 15% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as an oil (2.6 g, 58%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.20 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.44 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3 H), 2.53 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 4.03 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2 H), 4.85 (s, 1 H),

[0837] 6.41 (s,1 H), 7.25 (s, 1 H).

[0838] Step 4: Acetic acid 4-bromo-5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenyl ester

[0839]


[0840] Acetyl chloride (0.91 mL, 12.8 mmol) followed by triethylamine (1.8 mL, 12.8 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of 4-bromo-5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenol (2.6 g, 10.7 mmol) dissolved in

[0841] CH2CI2 (20 mL). The reaction was stirred for 45 mins and then partitioned between 1 N HCI and

[0842] EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3, brine dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 20% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (1.64 g, 53%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.16 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.45 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3 H), 2.31 (s, 3 H), 2.45 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 4.05 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2 H), 6.58 (s, 1

[0843] H), 7.41 (s, 1 H).

[0844] Example A(23): [theta]-Cyclopentyl-a-KS^-dimethylli ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-{2-[4-methoxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0845]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 4-bromo-2- (trif luoromethyl)aniso!e was substituted in place of 1 -benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.19-1.51 (br m, 8 H), 1.93 (m, 2 H), 2.21-2.46 (m, 10 H), 2.60 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.53 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.64 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.67 (s, 3 H), 6.87 (s, 1 H), 7.00 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.22 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.40 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 10.76 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 545.10 (M+H)

[0846] Example A(24): [beta]-Cyclopentyl-S-KSJ-dimethylli ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(5-ethyI-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0847]

The title compound was prepared analogously to Example A(1 ) where 1-bromo-5-ethyl-

[0848] 2,4-dimethoxy-benzene from step 1 below was substituted in place of 1 -benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo- 5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-[alpha]fe) [delta]: 0.82 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.22-1.52 (br m, 8 H), 1.72 (m, 1 H), 1.88 (m, 1 H), 2.20-2.40 (m, 12 H), 2.56 (d, J=17.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.43 (s, 3 H), 3.52 (d, JM 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.58 (s, 3 H), 3.61 (d, JM 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.32 (s, 1 H), 6.63 (s, 1 H), 6.84 (s, 1 H), 10.70 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 535.20 (M+H) Step 1: 1-Bromo-5-ethyl-2,4-dimethoxy-benzene

[0849]


[0850] A solution of tetrabutyl ammonium tribromide (15.4 g, 31.8 mmol) in CHCI3 (100 ml_) was added to a stirred solution of 4-ethyl resorcinol (4 g, 29 mmol) dissolved in CHCI3 (50 ml_). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours and then quenched with 5% solution of sodium thiosulfate (30 ml_). The biphasic mixture was stirred for 30 mins and then the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to yellow oil. The oil was dissolved in DMF (60 ml_) and treated with K2CO3 (12.7 g, 92 mmol), followed by methyl iodie (2.9 mL, 46 mmol). The mixture was stirred for 15 hours and then partitioned between H2O and EtOAc. The organic layers were washed with 1 N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a dark red oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 10% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a yellow oil (2.8 g, 39%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.15 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 2.54 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.83 (s, 3 H), 3.89 (s, 3 H), 6.46 (s, 1 H), 7.26 (s, 1 H). Example A(25): N-[4-(2-{2-Cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorobenzyl]acetamide

[0851]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1 ) where 4-bromo-2-

[0852] (trifluoromethyl)anisole was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-[alpha]fe) [delta]: 1.38-1.69 (br m, 8 H), 1.86 (s, 3 H), 2.12 (m, 2 H), 2.39-2.63 (m, 10 H), 2.77 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.71 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.83 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.23 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2 H), 7.04 (m, 3 H), 7.21 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.29 (t, J=5.8 Hz, 1 H), 10.99 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 536.20 (M+H) Step 1 : N-(4-Bromo-2-fluoro-benzyl)-acetamide

[0853] H fY
O F

[0854] Acetyl chloride (0.7 mL, 9.9 mmol) followed by triethylamine (2.8 ml_, 19.9 mmol) were added to a suspension of 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzylamine hydrochloride (2g, 8.3 mmol) in CH2CI2 (20 mL). The mixture was stirred for 90 mins and then partitioned between 1 N HCI and EtOAc. The organic layers were brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 60% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (1.5 g, 74%). MS (ESI): 246.10, 248.10 (M+H) Example A(26): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3- [(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0855]


[0856] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 1 below was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.08 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.32 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.46-

[0857] 1.77 (br m, 8 H), 2.03 (m, 2 H), 2.40 (s, 3 H), 2.44-2.56 (m, 6 H), 2.80 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.78

[0858] (d, JM 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.83 (d, JM 5.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.91 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2 H), 6.42 (s, 1 H), 6.80 (s, 1

[0859] H), 8.73 (s, 1 H), 8.90 (s, 1 H), 9.04 (s, 1 H), 10.98 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C29H36N4O5-O^

[0860] H2O: C, 66.33; H, 7.01 ; N, 10.67. Found: C, 66.57; H, 7.07; N, 10.28.

[0861] Step 1 : 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4- dione

[0862]


[0863] The title compound was prepared analogously to step 5 of example A(1) where acetic acid 4-bromo-5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenyl ester from step 4 of example A(22) was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of example A(1). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.19 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.38 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.62-1.85 (br m, 9 H), 1.98 (m, 1 H), 2.33 (m, 1 H), 2.51 (m, 3 H), 2.62 (m, 1 H), 2.73 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 2.78 (d, Jt=I 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.42 (m, 2 H), 3.95 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2 H), 4.98 (br s, 1 H), 6.33 (s, 1 H), 6.79 (s, 1 H). Example A(27): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0864]


[0865] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1 ) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 1 below was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400 MHz1 DMSO-'cfe) [delta]: 1.19 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.31 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.40-1.78 (br m, 8 H), 2.03-217 (m, 2 H), 2.48-2.72 (m, 12 H), 2.85 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.87 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.08 (m, 2 H), 7.09 (m, 2 H), 8.13 (s, 1 H), 10.96 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 520.20 (M+H) Step 1 : [theta]-Cyclopentyl-[beta]-p-t[delta]-ethoxy^-ethyl-pyridin^-ylJ-ethyll-dihydro-pyran^^-dione


[0866] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where ethyl iodide was substituted in place of methyl iodide in step 1 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.26 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.43 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.50-2.05 (br m, 9 H), 2.34 (m, 2 H), 2.62-2.77 (m, 6 H), 3.44 (m, 2 H), 4.11 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2 H), 6.90 (s, 1 H), 8.08 (s, 1 H). Example A(28): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-{2-[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0867]


[0868] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(22) where 2- hydroxybenzotrifluoride was substituted in place of 5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-phenol in step 3 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.39-1.71 (br m, 8 H), 2.09 (m, 2 H), 2.39-2.60 (m,

[0869] 10 H), 2.77 (d, J=17.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.71 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.83 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.96 (d,

[0870] J=8.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.06 (s, 1 H), 7.29 (s, 1 H), 7.38 (d, J=9.8 Hz, 1 H), 10.29 (s, 1 H), 10.95 (s, 1

[0871] H). Anal. Calcd. For C27H29N4O4F3^LO AcOH: C, 58.87; H, 5.63; N, 9.49. Found: C1 59.13; H, 5.89; N, 9.44.

[0872] Example A(29): N-{1-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2)4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2- yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-fluorophenyl]-1- methylethyl}methanesulfonamide

[0873]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where [Lambda]/-[1 -(4-bromo-2- fluoro-phenyl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-methanesulfonamide from step 2 below was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in that example. H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] ppm 1.31 - 1.41 (m, 1 H) 1.54 (s, 3 H) 1.55 - 1.70 (m, 5 H) 1.73 (s, 6 H) 1.98 (dd, J=9.98, 7.16 Hz, 2 H) 2.29 - 2.39 (m, 1 H) 2.55 - 2.69 (m, 9 H) 2.73 - 2.81 (m, 4 H) 4.05 (s, 2 H) 5.03 (s, 1 H) 6.84 (t, J=6.69 Hz, 2 H) 6.90 (d, J=8.10 Hz, 1 H) 7.25 (d, J=16.77 Hz, 1 H). MS (ESI): 600

[0874] (M+H).

[0875] Step 1 : 1-(4-Bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-methyl-ethylamine

[0876] H3C CH3 CeCI3-7H2O (29.7g, 80 mmol) was dehydrated for 2h under vacuum at 15OC. After cooling to OC, THF (anhydrous, 640 ml_) was added at, and the suspension was stirred for 2h at room temperature. The suspension was cooled to -78C and MeLi (1.6M in diethylether, 50 ml_) was added. The mixture was stirred 30 min, then 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzonitrile (4g, 20 mmol) was added and stirred at that temperature for 5 h. The temperature was raised to OC, concentrated NH4OH (50 ml_) was added slowly, and the suspension was filtered though Celite. The aqueous layer was acidified with 1 N HCI (aq) and washed with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was basified with 3N NaOH (aq) and extracted with dichloromethane. The synthesis and workup were repeated and lots were combined, dried (Na2SO4), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to give a colorless oil (1.25g, 14%). H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] ppm 1.51 (s, 6 H) 1.66 (s, 2 H) 7.17 - 7.24 (m, 2 H) 7.30 - 7.37 (m, 1 H).

[0877] Step 2: [Lambda]/-[1-(4-Bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-methyl-ethyl]-methanesulfonamide u r" H Y Il V I


[0878] O H3C CH3

[0879] To 1-(4-bromo-2-fluoro-phenyl)-1-methyl-ethylamine(1.2g, 5.4 mmol) and triethylamine (900 [mu]l_, 6.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) at room temperature was added methanesulfonyl chloride (500 [mu]l_, 6.5 mmol). The solution was stirred 16 h, diluted in 1 N HCI(aq) and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate, then saturated sodium chloride, dried (Na2SO4), filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to an off-white solid. Flash chromatography (SiO2, 40% ethyl acetate/hexane) gave a white solid (950 mg, 57%). H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] ppm 1.76 (s, 6 H) 2.74 (s, 3 H) 4.88 (s, 1 H) 7.24 (d, J=1.51 Hz, 1 H) 7:2.7kj- '7.30 (m, 2 H)

[0880] Example A(30): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0881]


[0882] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)etriyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (120 mg, Example A(22)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS- H, 115 bar, 55% MeOH). (47 mg, 1.89 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0883] Example A(31): Enantiomer 2 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]t[iota][iota]azolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0884]

2

[0885] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (120 mg, Example A(22)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS- H, 115 bar, 55% MeOH). (43 mg, 3.429 min retention time, 99% ee)

[0886] Example A(32): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-{2-[2-(cyclopropyImethoxy)-5-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethyl}- 3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- 2-one

[0887]


[0888] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(22) where (bromomethyl)- cyclopropane was substituted in place of ethyl iodide in step 1 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-Qf6) [delta]: 0.02 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 2 H), 0.28 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 2 H), 0.75 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 0.80 (m, 1 H), 1.18-1.51 (br m, 8 H), 1.72 (m, 1 H), 1.82 (m, 1 H), 2.09-2.52 (m, 13 H), 3.41 (d, J=6.8

[0889] Hz, 2 H), 3.47 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.55 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.08 (s, 1 H), 6.47 (s, 1 H), 6.79 (s,

[0890] 1 H), 8.70 (s, 1 H), 10.56 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 561.25 (M+H)

[0891] Example A(33): 6-CycIopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-[2-(2-isopropylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0892]


[0893] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(10) where 2- isopropylpyridine was substituted in place of 2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine in step 2 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.10 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 6 H), 1.28-1.59 (br m, 8 H), 2.03 (m, 2 H), 2.31 -2.54 (m, 10 H), 2.67 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.67 (m, 1 H), 3.60 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.73 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (s, 1 H), 7.01 (s, 2 H), 8.25 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1 H), 10.85 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C28H35N5O3-O^EtOAc: C, 67.10; H, 7.42; N, 12.70. Found: C, 67.24; H, 7.61 ; N, 12.68. Example A(34): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(2-ethyl-6-isopropylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0894]


[0895] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(9) where 2-ethyl-6- isopropylpyridine was substituted in place of 2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine in step 2 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-Ofe) [delta]: 1.03 (m, 9 H), 1.24-1.55 (br m, 8 H), 2.00 (m, 2 H), 2.28-2.55 (m, 12 H), 2.63 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.79 (m, 1 H), 3.57 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.69 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.77 (s, 2 H), 6.91 (s, 1 H), 10.79 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C30H39N5O3-O-SAcOH: C, 67.98; H, 7.55; N, 12.79. Found: C, 68.01 ; H, 7.74; N, 12.77. Example A(35): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(2-ethyl-6-methylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0896]


[0897] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(9) where 2-ethyl-6- methylpyridine was substituted in place of 2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine in step 2 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 0.93 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.18-1.47 (br m, 8 H), 1.90 (m, 2 H), 2.15 (s, 3 H), 2.23-2.46 (m, 12 H), 2.56 (d, J=16.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.48 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.61 (d, JM 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 6,68 (s, 1 H), 6.69 (s, 1 H), 6.83 (s, 1 H), 10.67 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 490.20 (M+H)

[0898] Example A(36): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0899]


[0900] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 1 below was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4- dione. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-Cf6) [delta]: 0.93 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 6 H), 1.11-1.46 (br m, 8 H), 1.87 (m, 2 H), 2.11 (s, 3 H), 2.21-2.33 (m, 4 H), 2.41 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 4 H), 2.55 (d, J=17.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.48 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.58 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.68 (s, 2 H), 8.44 (s, 1 H), 8.61 (s, 1 H), 10.67 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C^H3^5O?f0.5AcOH: C, 67.03; H1, 7.1[beta]; N, 13.48. "Found: b, 67.09; H, 7.25; N, 13.41-.

[0901] Step 1 : 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethyl-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione

[0902]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where 2,6-diethyl- pyridine from step 1 of example A(17) was substituted in place 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy- pyridine in step 6 of example A(2). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.28 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 6 H), 1.45- 1.78 (br m, 10 H), 1.96 (m, 1 H), 2.28 (m, 2 H), 2.65 (m, 2 H), 2.79 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 4 H), 3.45 (m, 2 H), 6.81 (s, 2 H).

[0903] Example A(37): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]py[iota][iota]midin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-isopropoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0904]


[0905] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(22) where 2-iodopropane was substituted in place of ethyl iodide in step 1 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.06 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.23 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 3 H), 1.28 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 3 H), 1.46-1.95 (br m, 8 H),

[0906] 1.95 (m, 1 H), 2.11 (m, 1 H), 2.39-2.64 (m, 12 H)1 2.80 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.76 (d, JM 5.9 Hz,

[0907] 1 H), 3.85 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.40 (m, 1 H), 6.44 (s, 1 H), 6.77 (s, 1 H), 7.09 (s, 1 H), 8.99 (s, 1

[0908] H), 10.95 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C31H4oN405"0.3EtOAc: C, 67.25; H, 7.43; N, 9.74. Found: C, 67.00; H, 7.44; N, 9.72.

[0909] Example A(38): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro- 2H-pyran-2-one

[0910]

1 The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (75 mg, Example A(3)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD- H, 140 bar, 35% MeOH). (21 mg, 3.758 min retention time, 100% ee) Example A(39): Enantiomer 2 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyI-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro- 2H-pyran-2-one

[0911]

2 The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (75 mg, Example A(3)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD- H, 140 bar, 35% MeOH). (21 mg, 6.142 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0912] Example A(40): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0913]

1

[0914] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin- 4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H- pyran-2-one (60 mg, Example A(17)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD-H, 140 bar, 35% MeOH). (12 mg, 3.23 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0915] Example A(41): Enantiomer 2 of 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0916]

2

[0917] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2,6-diethylpyridin- 4-yl)ethyl]-3-[(5,7-dimethylt1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyI]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (60 mg, Example A(17)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD-H, 140 bar, 35% MeOH).

[0918] (9 mg, 6.46 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0919] Example A(42): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-

[0920] [2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0921]


[0922] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 1 below was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro- pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.06 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.26 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.51-1.87 (br m, 10 H), 2.25 (m, 2 H), 2.52-2.91 (m, 13 H), 3.84 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.94 (d, J=I 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.06 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2 H), 7.17 (s, 1 H), 8.21 (s, 1 H), 10.96 (s, 1 H), 12.02 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C30H39N5O4-C8H2O: C, 65.74; H, 7.47; N, 12.78. Found: C, 65.68; H, 7.27; N, 12.80. Step 1 : 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyI-5-propoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione

[0923]


[0924] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where 1-iodopropane was substituted in place of methyl iodide in step 1 of that example.

[0925] H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.05 (t, J=7.3 Hz1 3 H), 1.26 (t, .7=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.45-1.99 (br m, 12 H), 2.33 (m, 1 H), 2.62-2.76 (m, 6 H), 3.43 (s, 2 H), 3.99 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2 H), 6.90 (s, 1 H), 8.06 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. FjPr C22H31NO4-O12H2O: C, 70.07; H, 8.39; N', 3:71;. Fou'nd: C, 70.10; H, 8.36} N1 3.34,'

[0926] Example A(43) : e-Cyclopentyl-[beta]-p-tS-ethoxy^-ethylpyridin^-ylJethyll^-hydroxy-a-K[theta]- methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one


[0927] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethyl-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 1 of example A(27) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4- dione.

[0928] H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/6) [delta]: 1.21 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.34 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.42-1.79 (br m, 8 H), 2.09 (m, 2 H), 2.41-2.85 (m, 10 H), 3.78 (d, .M 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.11 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 7.12 (s, 1 H), 8.15 (s, 1 H), 8.74 (s, 1 H), 8.96 (s, 1 H), 10.94 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 506.20 (M+H) Example A(44): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethylt1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2- one

[0929]

1

[0930] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (60 mg, from step 1 below) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 100 bar, 60% MeOH). (28 mg, 1.48 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0931] Step 1 : 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2- ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0932]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(9) where 2-ethylpyridine was substituted in place of 2,6-bis-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine in step 2 of that example.

[0933] H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.24 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.44-1.75 (br m, 8 H), 2.2 (m, 2 H),

[0934] 2.50-2.86 (m, 13 H), 3.76 (d, JM 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.89 (d, JM 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.11 (s, 1 H), 7.18 (s, 2

[0935] H), 8.39 (s, 1 H), 11.12 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 476.25 (M+H)

[0936] Example A(45): Enantiomer 2 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyI[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yI)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2- one

[0937]

2 The title compound was separated from racemic 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (60 mg, from step 1 of example A(44)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 100 bar, 60% MeOH). (21 mg, 1.83 min retention time, 98.4% ee) Example A(46): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6- methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0938]


[0939] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxy-pyridin-4-yl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 1 of example A(42) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro-2H-pyran- 2,4(3H)-dione.

[0940] H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cfe) [delta]: 1.20 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.40 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.61-1.96 (br m, 10 H), 2.29 (m, 2 H), 2.59 (s, 3 H), 2.60-2.90 (m, 6 H), 3.02 (d, JM 7.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.97 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.04 (d, JM 5.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.20 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2 H), 7.30 (s, 1 H), 8.34 (s, 1 H), 8.93 (s, 1 H), 9.14 (s, 1 H), 11.16 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 520.20 (M+H) Example A(47): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy- 3-[(6-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0941]


[0942] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5- ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 5 of example A(1) below was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro-

[0943] 2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione. H NMR (400MHz, DMSOd6): [delta] 0.85(t, J=I.2, Hz, 3 H), 0.92 (t, J=7.6

[0944] Hz, 3 H), 1.27-1.60 (m, 10 H), 1.88 (m, 2 H), 2.25-2.44 (m, 9 H), 2.64 (d, J=17.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.66

[0945] (m, 4 H), 6.27 (s, 1 H), 6.64 (s, 1 H), 8.58 (s, 1 H), 8.74 (s, 1 H), 8.89 (s, 1 H), 10.82 (s, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C30H38N4O5-O-SH2O: C, 66.72; H, 7.20; N, 10.37. Found: C1 66.55; H, 7.14; N,

[0946] 10.39.

[0947] Example A(48): 6-{2-[2,6-Bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)pyridin-4-yl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-4- hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2- one

[0948]


[0949] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6-

[0950] [2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 1 below was s suubbssttiittuutteedd in place oft '6-Gyeopentyl-67[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)etby1]dihydro-2H-pyran-

[0951] 22,,.4(3H)-dion[theta]. H NMR'(4'[theta]6 MHz, DMSO-Cf6) [delta]: 1.21-1.56 (br m, 8 H), 1.93 (m, \ H), 2.08 (m, 1 H), 2.21 (s, 3 H), 2.24-2.58 (m, 4 H), 2.67 (d, JM 4.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.56-3.72 (m, 6 H), 7.26 (s, 2 H),

[0952] 8.53 (s, 1 H), 8.81 (s, 1 H), 10.83 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 598.10 (M+H)

[0953] Step 1 : 6-{2-[2,6-Bis-(2,2,2-trif luoro-ethyl)-pyridin-4-yl]-ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-dihydro- pyran-2,4-dione

[0954]


[0955] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where 4-bromo-2,6-bis- (2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-pyridine from step 5 of example A(9) was substituted in place of 4-bromo-2- ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine in step 6 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.41-1.75 (br m, 8 H), 1.96 (m, 2 H), 2.28 (m, 1 H), 2.70 (m, 4 H), 3.44-3.61 (m, 6 H), 7.10 (s, 2 H). Example A(49): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]- 6-[2-(5-ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-propoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0956]


[0957] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(5-ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4~dione from step 3 below was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro- pyran-2,4-dione. H NMR (400MHz, DMSOd6): [delta] 1.01 (m, 6 H), 1.42-1.77 (m, 10 H), 1.95 (m, 1 H), 2.15 (m, 1 H), 2.39-2.82 (m, 13 H), 3.70-3.84 (m, 4 H), 6.38 (s, 1 H), 6.75 (s, 1 H), 7.06 (s, 1 H), 9.04 (s, 1 H), 10.13 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 549.20 (M+H) Step "!: 1-(4-Benzyloxy-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone

[0958]


[0959] Potassium carbonate (54 g, 0.39 mol) followed by benzyl bromide (13.9 ml_, 0.12 mol) were added to a solution of 2\4'-dihydroxyacetophenone (20 g, 0.13 mol) in DMF (18OmL). The mixture was stirred for 5 hours and then partitioned between H2O and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with satd NaHCO3, 1N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a clear oil (23.7g, 81%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 2.56 (s, 3 H), 5.02 (s, 2 H), 6.51 (m, 2 H), 7.33- 7.43 (m, 5 H), 7.64 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1 H), 12.73 (s, 1 H). Step 2: 4-Benzyloxy-1-ethyl-2-propoxy-benzene


[0960] Potassium carbonate (5.14 g, 12.4 mmol) followed by 1 -iodopropane (1.33 ml_, 13.6 mmol) were added to a solution of 1 -(4-benzyloxy-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone (3 g, 12.4 mmol) in DMF (3OmL). The mixture was stirred for 15 hours and then partitioned between H2O and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a pink oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 20% EtOAc in hexanes) gave a white solid (3.5g, 99%).

[0961] The solid was suspended in Methylene glycol (15 ml_) and treated with NaOH (1.23 g, 31 mmol) followed by hydrazine monohydrate (1.79 ml_, 37 mmol). The mixture was heated to 160 for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into 1 N HCI and extracted with EtOAc. The organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a clear oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 10% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the title compound as a clear oil (2.5g, 76%). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.04 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3 H), 1.16 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.80 (m, 2 H), 2.58 (q, "7=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.88 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2 H), 5.03 (s, 2 H), 6.48 (dd, J=8.1 , 2.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.51 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.03 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.30-7.44 (m, 5 H).

[0962] Step 3: [beta]-Cyclopentyl-[beta]-IZ-tS-ethyl^-hydroxy^-propoxy-phenyO-ethy[pi]-dihydro-pyran- 2,4-dione

[0963]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2) where 4-benzyloxy-1 - ethyl-2-propoxy-benzene was substituted in place of 2-benzyloxy-1-ethyl-4-propoxy-benzene in step 3 of that example. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.03 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.18 (m, 6 H), 1.43-2.05 (m, 10 H), 2.50-2.82 (m, 6 H), 3.44 (m, 2 H), 3.84 (m, 2 H), 4.90 (s, 1 H), 6.27 (s, 1 H), 6.79 (s, 1 H). Example A(50): [beta]-Cyclopentyl-[beta]-p-^-ethyl^-hydroxy-^propoxyphenyOethylH-hydroxy- 3-[(6-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0964]


[0965] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(4) where 6-cyclopentyl-6- [2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione from step 3 of example A(49) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-methoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]dihydro- 2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione. H NMR (400MHz, DMSOd6): [delta] 0.85 (m, 6 H), 1.25-1.62 (m, 10 H), 1.83 (m, 2 H), 2.19 (s, 3 H), 2.25-2.65 (m, 7 H), 3.61 (m, 2 H), 3.67 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2 H), 6.23 (s, 1 H), 6.61 (s, 1 H), 8.53 (s, 1 H), 8.70 (s, 1 H), 8.90 (s, 1 H), 10.70 (s, 1 H). MS (ESI): 535.20 (M+H)

[0966] Example A(51): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro- 2H-pyran-2-one

[0967]

1

[0968] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (85 mg, Example A(27)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD- H, 140 bar, 30% MeOH). (22 mg, 5.38 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0969] Example A(52): Enantiomer 2 of 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyt]-6^2^([zeta]-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-ylethyl]-4-hydrcky-5,6-dihydro- 2H-pyran-2-one

[0970]

The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (85 mg, Example A(27)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD- H, 140 bar, 30% MeOH). (16 mg, 7.21 min retention time, 100% ee)

[0971] Example A(53): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro- 2H-pyran-2-one

[0972]

1

[0973] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (80 mg, Example A(42)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD- H, 140 bar, 25% MeOH w/ 0.1% isopropylamine). (27 mg, 6.91 min retention time, 100% ee) Example A(54): Enantiomer 2 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro- 2H-pyran-2-one

[0974]


[0975] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6-[2-(2-ethyl-5-propoxypyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (80 mg, Example A(42)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD- H, 140 bar, 25% MeOH w/ 0.1% isopropylamine). (12.3 mg, 8.91 min retention time, 100% ee) Example A(55): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2- one

[0976]


[0977] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2- ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2l4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (33 mg, Example A(43)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD-H, 140 bar, 30% MeOH). (9 mg, 5.49 min retention time, 100% ee).

[0978] Example A(56): Enantiomer 2 of 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2-ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4- hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2- one

[0979]

2 The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethoxy-2- ethylpyridin-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (33 mg, Example A(43)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AD-H, 140 bar, 30% MeOH). (9.5 mg, 6.79 min retention time, 100% ee). Example A(57): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]- 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0980]


[0981] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (70 mg, Example A(26)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 140 bar,

[0982] 40% MeOH w/ 0.1% isopropylamine). (26 mg, 1.73 min retention time, 100% ee).

[0983] Example A(58): Enantiomer 2 of 6-Cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-

[0984] 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0985]

2

[0986] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(2-ethoxy-5-ethyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-[(6-methyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-5,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (70 mg, Example A(26)) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 140 bar, 40% MeOH w/ 0.1 % isopropylamine). (27 mg, 9.35 min retention time, 100% ee).

[0987] Example A(59): [theta]-Cyclopentyl-S-KSJ-dimethyl[iota]i ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-isobutoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0988]


[0989] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1 ), where 1-lodo-2-methyl- propane was substituted in place of 1 -Iodopropane in step 1 of that example. H NMR (400MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.00(Cl1 J=6.8 Hz, 6 H), 1.17(t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.35-1.78 (m, 12 H), 1.97 (t, J=8.5 Hz, 2 H), 2.07 (m, 1 H), 2.35-2.77 (m, 10 H), 3.61 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2 H), 4.04 (d, JM 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.13

[0990] (d, JM 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (s, H),.C?.82 (s, 1 H), 6.84 (s, 1 H), ^p [iota]..7[iota] 2 (s, 1 H): W Example A(60): ,' 6-{2-[2^CyciofcS[upsilon]tylmethoxy)-5-ethyl-4-hydro Dx>yphenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl- 3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran- 2-one

[0991]


[0992] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1 ), where iodomethyl- cyclobutane was substituted in place of 1 -lodopropane in step 1 of that example. H NMR (400MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.16 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.35-2.45 (m, 21 H), 2.36-2.78 (m, 10 H), 3.83 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 2 H), 4.07 (d, JM 5.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.12 (d, JM 5.4 Hz1 1 H), 6.31 (s, 1 H), 6.81 (s, 1 H), 6.84 (8, 1 H), 10.72 (8, 1 H).

[0993] Example A(61 ): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- [2-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazoI-4-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0994]


[0995] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1), where 1 -ethyl-4-iodo- 1 H-pyrazole (ref: Trofimenko, S. J. Am. Chem Soc 88, 558,. 1966) was substituted in place of 1- benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (400MHz, DMSOd6): [delta] 1.36 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3 H), 1.57-1.69(m 6 H), 2.10-2.16 (m, 2 H), 2.39-2.79 (m, 11 H), 3.34 (brm, 2 H), 3.74 (d, JS=I 6.5 Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (d, JM 6.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.01-4.12 (m, 1 H), 7.02 (s, 1 H), 7.24 (s, 1 H), 7.59 (s, 1 H), 8.26 (s, 1 H), 10.76 (s, 1 H).

[0996] Example A(62): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-[2-(1-isopropyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethyl]-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[0997]


[0998] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1)b, where 4-iodo-1- isopropyl-1 H-pyrazole (ref: Trofimenko, S. J. Am. Chem Soc 88, 558,. 1966) was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4-iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR

[0999] (400MHz, DMSO-d6): [delta] 1.39 (d, J=6.6 Hz1 6 H), 1.57-1.72(m, 6 H), 2.10-2.17 (m, 3 H), 2.39-

[1000] 2.79 (m, 11 H), 3.74 (d, J=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.86 (d, J-=16.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.42-4.48 (m, 1 H), 7.00 (s, 1

[1001] H), 7.23 (s, 1 H), 7.56 (s, 1 H), 8.23 (s, 1 H), 10.74 (s, 1 H).

[1002] Example A(63): e-Cyclopentyl-e-ia-tS-fluoro^^methylsulfonylJphenyllethyljdihydro^H- pyran-2,4(3H)-dione

[1003]


[1004] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2), where 4-bromo-2-fluoro-

[1005] 1 -methanesulfonyl-benzene from step 1 below was substituted in place of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5- methoxy-pyridine in step 6 of that example. H NMR (CDCI3): [delta] 1.42-1.85 (brm, 8H), 1.97 (m,

[1006] 2H), 2.29 (t, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.79 (m, 4H), 3.44 (s, 3H), 3.45 (s, 2H), 7.11 (s, 1 H), 7.44 (m, 2 H)

[1007] Step 1: 4-Bromo-2-fluoro-1-methanesulfonyl-benzene

[1008] H3CX <:y f yy>

[1009] The title compound was prepared analogously to step 1 of example B(2), where 4- bromo-2-fluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride was used in place of 4-bromo-2-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride. H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 3.34 (s, 3 H), 7.57 (d, J=8.5, 2 H), 7.76 (d .7=8.5 2 H), 8.14 (8, 1 H)

[1010] Example A(64): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- {2-[4-(ethylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethyl}-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[1011]


[1012] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1), where '1-bromo-4- ethanesulfonyl-benzene from step 1 below was substituted in place of 1-benzyloxy-2-ethyl-4- iodo-5-propoxy-benzene in step 4 of that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.37 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 3 H) 1.40-2.19 (m, 13 H), 2.58 (s, 3 H), 2.73 2.99(m, 7 H), 3.02 (q, J=12.57 Hz, 2 H), 6.99 (s, 1 H), 7.36 (dd, J=3.56 Hz, 2 H), 7.70 (dd, J=3.06 Hz, 1 H). Anal. Calcd. For C28H34N4O5S: C, 62.43; H1 6.36; N, 10.40. Found: C, 62.25; H, 6.40; N1 10.34. Step 1 : Bromo-4-ethanesulf onyl-benzene

[1013] ^C

[1014] 1-Bromo-4-ethylsulfanyl-benzene (5.0 g) was dissolved in acetic acid and potassium permanganate as a 3% solution in water (8 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was heated to 90C for 3hrs, after which time the reaction was cooled to room temperature and partitioned between ethyl acetate and 2N NaOH solution (500 m) each. The organics were separated and washed with water (100 mL), dried over sodium sulfate and purified on biotage eluting with 90:10 hexanes : ethyl acetate to afford the title compound as a clear oil (2.70 g). H NMR (300MHz1 CDCI3): [delta] 1.30 (t, J=7.85 Hz, 3 H) 3.02 (q, J=7.54 Hz, 2 H), 7.40 (m, 4 H). Example A(65): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4- hydroxy-6-(2-{4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl}ethyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[1015]


[1016] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1), where 6-cyclopentyl-6- (2-{4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl}ethyl)dihydro-2H-pyran-2,4(3H)-dione (Example A(66) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro- pyran-2,4-dione in that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.35-2.23 (m, 11 H), 2.58 (s, 3 H), 2.73-2.89(m, 7 H), 3.03 (t, J=8.57 Hz, 2 H), 6.99 (s, 1 H), 7.78 (d, J=2.56 Hz, 2 H), 8.10 (dd, J=2.36 Hz, 2 H) Anal. Calcd. For C27H29N4O5S: C, 56.04; H, 5.05; N, 9.68. Found: C, 56.35; H, 5.20; N, 9.34. Example A(66): 6-Cyclopentyl-6-(2-{4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]phenyl}ethyl)dihydro-2H- pyran-2,4(3H)-dione

[1017]


[1018] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2), where 1-bromo-4- trifluoromethanesulfonyl-benzene from step 1 below was substituted in place of (4-bromo-2- ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine in step 6 of that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.35-2.33 (m, 11 H), 2.80-3.15 (m, 6 H), 7.75 (d, JM .56 Hz, 2 H), 8.10 (d, JM .56 Hz, 2 H). Step 1 : 1-Bromo-4-trifluoromethanesulfonyl-benzene o'b

[1019] The title compound was prepared analogously to step 1 from example A(64), where 1 - bromo-4-trifluoromethylsulfanyl-benzene was substituted in place of i-bromo-4-ethylsulfanyl- benzene in step 1 of that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 7.80-7.93 (m, 4 H). Example A(67):tert-Butyl a-i[Phi]ta^a-cyclopentyl^j[theta]-dioxotetrahydro-aH-pyran-a-ylJethyll-a- ethylphenoxy}ethyl(methyl)carbamate

[1020]


[1021] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2), where [2-(4-bromo-2-ethyl- phenoxy)-ethyl]-methyl-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester from step 3 below was substituted in place of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridine in step 6 of that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.16 (t, J=7.56 Hz, 3 H) 1.40-2.25 (m, 20 H), 2.62-3.13 (m, 14 H), 3.42 (q, J=8.54 Hz, 2 H), 3.84 (t, J=7.54 Hz, 2 H), 6.58 (d, J=2.06 Hz1 1 H), 6.66 (d, JM .58 Hz, 1 H), 6.94 (s, 1 H). Step 1 : 4-Bromo-2-ethyl-phenol

[1022]

A solution of tetrabutyl ammonium tribromide (39.56 g, O.O[delta]mol) in CHCI3 (100 ml_) was added to a stirred solution of 2-ethyl-phenol (10.0 g, 0.08 mol) dissolved in CHCI3 (100 ml_). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hrs and then quenched with 5% solution of sodium thiosulfate (100 ml_). The biphasic mixture was stirred for 30 mins and then the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a red oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 15% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as an oil (14 g.). LCMS : APCI -VE=200 M/E. Step 2: [2-(4-Bromo-2-ethyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert!-buty ester

[1023]

4-Bromo-2-ethyl-phenol (1.75g, 8.70mmol) from step 1 above was dissolved in acetonitrile

[1024] (10ml) and ceasium carbonate (2.83g, 8.70mmol) was added followed by (2-Bromo-ethyl)- carbamic acid tertl-butyl ester (1.95g, 8.70mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18hrs. The mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (200ml) and water (200ml), the organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to a oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 30% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as an oil (1.0 g.). LCMS : APCI +VE=244 M/E, mass - BOC. Step 3: [2-(4-Bromo-2-ethyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-methyl-carbamic acid tertl-butyl ester

[1025]


[1026] 2-(4-Bromo-2-ethyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid tertl-butyl ester (1.0g, 2.90mmol) was dissolved in THF (50ml) and 60% NaH (128mg, 3.19mmol) was added followed by methyl iodide (0.2ml, 3.19mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18hrs. The mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (100ml) and water (100ml), the organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to a clear oil. (1.3 g). LCMS : electrospray +VE=380 M/E, mass + sodium.

[1027] Example A(68): tert-Butyl 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2- ethylphenoxy}ethylcarbamate

[1028]


[1029] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2), where [2-(4-bromo-2-ethyl- phenoxy)-ethyl]carbamic acid tert-butyl ester from step 2 of example A(67) was substituted in place of4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridinein step 6 of that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.16 (t, J=7.56 Hz, 3 H) 1.40-2.22 (m, 20 H), 2.60-3.10 (m, 11 H), 3.39 (q, J=8.54 Hz, 2 H), 3.84 (t, J=7.54 Hz, 2 H), 6.56 (d, J=2.06 Hz, 1 H), 6.64 (d, J=1.58 Hz, 1 H), 6.94 (s, 1 H). Example A(69): fert-Butyl 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2- ethylphenoxy]ethyl(methyl)carbamate

[1030]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1 ), where tert-butyl 2-{4-[2- (2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-ethylphenoxy}ethyl(methyl)carbamate (Example A(67)) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy- phenyl)-ethyl]-dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione in that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.20 (t, J=8.56 Hz, 3 H) 1.40-2.30 (m, 20 H), 2.55-2.99 (m, 17 H), 3.35 (q, J=9.54 Hz, 2 H), 3.90 (t, J=7.54 Hz, 3 H), 6.60 (d, J=1.56 Hz, 1 H), 6.67 (d, JM .58 Hz, 1 H), 7.00 (m, 2 H). Anal. Calcd. For C36H49N5O6: C, 66.74; H, 7.62; N, 10.81. Found: C, 66.50; H, 7.40; N, 10.84. Example A(70): fert-Butyl a-^-Ca^a-cyclopentyl-S-KBJ-dimethylti^.^triazoloti.S- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2- ethylphenoxy]ethylcarbamate

[1031]


[1032] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(1), where terf-butyl 2-{4-[2- (2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2-ethylphenoxy}ethylcarbamate (Example A(68)) was substituted in place of 6-cyclopentyl-6-[2-(5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-propoxy-phenyl)-ethyl]- dihydro-pyran-2,4-dione in that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.20 (t, J=8.56 Hz, 3 H) 1.40-2.30 (m, 20 H), 2.55-2.99 (m, 15 H), 3.35 (q, J=9.54 Hz, 2 H), 3.90 (t, J=7.54 Hz, 3 H), 6.60 (d, JM .56 Hz, 1 H), 6.67 (d, J= 1.58 Hz, 1 H), 7.00 (m, 2 H). Anal. Calcd. For C35H47N5O6: C, 66.33; H.7.47; N, 11.05. Found: C, 66.30; H, 7.40; N, 11.10. Example A(71 ): 6-{2-[4-(2-Aminoethoxy)-3-ethylphenyl]ethyl}-6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[1033]

fert-Butyl 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1,2,4]triazoio[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-

[1034] 4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenoxy]ethylcarbamate (Example A(70))

[1035] (250mg) was dissolved in 4N HCI in dioxane (10ml) and stirred at room temperature for 12hrs. Upon completion the mixture was concentrated and azeotroped several times with dichloromethane to afford the title compound as a white solid (235mg). H NMR (300MHz, MeOD): [delta] 1.18 (t, J=7.56 Hz, 3 H) 1.32-2.35 (m, 11 H), 2.59-2.85 (m, 15 H), 2.92 (dd, J=16.54 Hz, 1 H), 4.05 (t, J=7.54 Hz, 2 H), 6.55 (d, J-=1.56 Hz, 1 H), 6.65 (d, J=1.56 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (s, 1 H), 6.99 (s, 1 H).

[1036] Example A(72): 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyI[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-6- (2-{3-ethyl-4-[2-(methylamino)ethoxy]phenyl}ethyl)-4-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[1037]


[1038] The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(71) where fert-butyl 2-[4-(2- {2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyI[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6- dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2-ethylphenoxy]ethyl(methyl)carbamate (Example A(69)) was substituted in place of fert-butyl 2-[4-(2-{2-cyclopentyl-5-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl}ethyl)-2- ethylphenoxyjethylcarbamate in that example. H NMR (300MHz, MeOD): [delta] 1.16 (t, J=8.54 Hz, 3 H) 1.32-2.35 (m, 11 H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 2.59-2.75 (m, 14 H), 2.92 (t, [Lambda]=16.54 Hz, 2 H), 3.84 (t, J=7.54 Hz, 2 H), 6.55 (d, J=2.08 Hz, 1 H), 6.65 (d, J=2.56 Hz, 1 H), 6.95 (m, 2 H). Example A(73): fert-Butyl 2-{4-[2-(2-cyclopentyl-4,6-dioxotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)ethyl]-2- ethyl-5-methoxyphenoxy}ethyl(methyl)carbamate

[1039]

The title compound was prepared analogously to example A(2), where [2-(4-bromo-5- methoxy-2-ethyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]carbamic acid tertl-butyl ester from step 5 below was substituted in place of 4-bromo-2-ethyl-5-methoxy-pyridinein step 6 of that example. H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.16 (t, J=7.56 Hz, 3 H) 1.40-2.25 (m, 20 H), 2.62-3.13 (m, 14 H), 3.42 (q, J=8.54 Hz, 2 H), 3.84 (t, J=7.54 Hz, 2 H), 4.00 (s, 3 H) 6.26 (s, 1 H), 6.96 (s, 1 H). Step i: 1-(4-Methoxy-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone


[1040] Potassium carbonate (27.2 g, 197 mmol) followed by methyl iodide (4.1 mL, 65.7 mmol) were added to a solution of 2',4-dihydroxyacetophenone (10.0 g, 65.7 mmol) in DMF (10OmL). The mixture was stirred for 4 hours and then partitioned between H2O and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with satd NaHCO3, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a clear oil (11.Og). H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 2.60- (s, 3 H), 3.80 (s, 3 H), 6.40 (s, 1 H) 6.51 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (d, J=8.67 Hz, 1 H), 12.90 (s, 1 H). Step 2: 5-Methoxy-2-ethyl-phenol

[1041]

1-(4-Methoxy-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-ethanone (11.Og) was dissolved in MeOH (100 mL), treated with 10 wt % Pd/C (4.Og, Degussa type) and stirred under a balloon of H2 for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celite washing with EtOAc. The filtrate was concentrated to give the product as an oil (10.0 g). H NMR (300MHz, CDCI3): [delta] 1.20 (t, J=7.85 Hz, 3 H) 2.60- (q, J=6.22 Hz 2 H), 3.75 (s, 3 H), 6.40 (dd, J=9.04Hz, 2.64 Hz, 1 H), 6.45 (d, J=2.64 Hz, 1 H) 7.00 (d, J=8.29 Hz, 1 H), 12.90 (s, 1 H). Step 3: 4-Bromo-5-methoxy-2-ethyl-phenol (

[1042]


[1043] A solution of tetrabutyl ammonium tribromide (38.1Og, 79 mmol) in CHCI3 (100 mL) was added to a stirred solution of 5-methoxy-2-ethyl-phenol (12.Og, 79mmol) dissolved in CHCI3 (90 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 4hrs and then quenched with 5% solution of sodium thiosulfate (90 mL). The biphasic mixture was stirred for 30 mins and then the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with 1 N HCI, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to a red oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 60% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as an oil (19g). LCMS : APCI -VE=230 M/E. Step 4: [2-(4-Bromo-5-methoxy-2-ethyl-pheno:^)-ethyl]-carbamic acid tertl-butyl ester

[1044]

4 Bromo-5-methoxy-2-ethyl-phenol (10.0g, 43mmol) from step 3 above was dissolved in DMF (100ml) and ceasium carbonate (21.17g, 65mmol) was added followed by (2-bromo-ethyl)- carbamic acid tertl-butyl ester (21.17g, 65mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18hrs. The mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (200ml) and 10% citric acid (200ml), the organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to a oil. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 30% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as an oil (10.0 g.). LCMS : APCI +VE=375 M/E.

[1045] Step 5: [2-(4-Bromo-5-methoxy-2-ethyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-methyl-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester

[1046]


[1047] 2-(4-Bromo-5-methoxy-2-ethyl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (5.Og, 13.4mmol) was dissolved in THF (50ml) and 60% NaH (804mg, 20.1 mmol) was added followed by methyl iodide (1.3ml, 20.1 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18hrs. The mixture was partitioned between ethyl acetate (100ml) and 1 N citric acid (100ml), the organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to a clean oil. (6.Og). LCMS : APCI +VE=389 M/E.

[1048] Example A(74): Enantiomer 1 of 6-Cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7-dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5- a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyI]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyI)phenyl]ethyl}- 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one

[1049]

1

[1050] The title compound was separated from racemic 6-cyclopentyl-3-[(5,7- dimethyl[1 ,2,4]triazolo[1 ,5-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)methyl]-4-hydroxy-6-{2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2,2,2- trifluoroethyl)phenyl]ethyl}-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one (100mg, from step 9 below) using chiral HPLC (Chiralpak AS-H, 100 bar, 30% MeOH). (26 mg, 1.677 min retention time, 100% ee) Step 1 : 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethanone.


[1051] 2 Methoxy phenyl magnesium bromide (35ml) was added slowly to a solution of methyl trifluoroacetate (5.Og) in diethyl ether (100ml) at -78C. The reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature over 12hrs and the quenched with saturated ammonium chloride solution (100ml). The mixture was then partitioned between ethyl acetate (500m!) and water (250ml) The organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate filtered and concentrated in vacuuo. The crude residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with 100 % hexanes, 90:10 and 80:20, hexanes:ethyl acetate, to afford title compound as a yellow oil. (4.Og). H NMR (CDCI3): [delta] 3.57 (s, 3H), 7.00 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m,1 H), 7.63, (d, J = 2.54 Hz 2H). Step 2: 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethanol.

[1052]


[1053] 10% Palladium on carbon (1.5g) was added to a solution of 2,2,2-trifluoro-1 -(2- methoxyphenyl)ethanone (3.Og) in methanol (50ml). The resultant was hydrogenated at room temperature for 12hrs. After which time the catalyst was filtered off through a plug of celiteand the solvent concentrated in vacuuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with 100% hexanes the 80:20 hexanes:ethylacetate to afford the title compound as a yellow oil (3.Og). H NMR (CDCI3): [delta] 3.75 (d, J = 2.56Hz, 1 H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 5.35 (m,1 H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m,2H). Step 3: 2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-hydroxyethyl)phenol

[1054]


[1055] Boron tribromide (10ml) (1 M soln in DCM) was added to a solution of 2,2,2-trifluoro-1- (2-methoxyphenyl)ethanol (1.5g) in dichloromethane (20ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature under a atmosphere of nitrogen for 56hrs. The mixture was then partitioned between DCM (100ml) and 1 N HCI (100ml), organics washed with water (100ml), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and solvent removed in vacuuo to afford the title compound as a clear yellow oil (1.5g). H NMR (CDCI3): [delta] 3.50 (bs, 1 H), 5.25 (m, 1 H), 6.73 (bs, 1 H), 7.00 (m, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 2.56Hz, 1 H), 7.45 (m, 1 H). Step 4: 2-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenol

[1056]


[1057] Thionyl chloride (2.28ml) was added to a solution of 2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1- hydroxyethyl)phenol (3.Og) and pyridine (1.23ml) in toluene (50ml). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr, after which time the toluene was removed in vacuuo and the residue partitioned between ethyl acetate (100ml) and 1 N HCI (100ml). The organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and solvent removed in vacuuo to afford the title compound as a clear oil (3.Og). H NMR (CDCI3): [delta] 5.93 (m, 1 H), 6.90 (d, J = 4.52Hz, 1 H), 7.10 (m, 1 H), 7.35 (m, 1 H), 7.69 (m, 1 H). Step 5: 2-(2,2,2-trif luoroethyl)phenol

[1058]


[1059] Sodium borohydride (.93Og) was added to a solution of 2-(1-chloro-2,2,2- trifluoroethyl)phenol (2.6g) in THF (30ml). The reaction mixture was then stirred for 14hrs at room temperature under an atmosphere of nitrogen, after which time the reaction was quenched with 1N HCI (50ml) and partitioned between 1 N HCI (100ml) and ethyl acetate (200ml), the organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and solvent evaporated in vacuuo to afford title compound as a semi solid (2.4g). H NMR (CDCI3): [delta] 3.50 (q, J = 21.06Hz 2H), 6.80 (m, 1 H), 7.00 (m, 1 H)1 7.25 (m, 2H). Step 6: 4-bromo-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenol

[1060]


[1061] Tetrabutylammonium tribromide (6.56g) was dissolved in chloroform (50ml) and added dropwise to a solution of 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenol (2.4g) in chloroform (50ml). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2hrs, after which time 5% sodium thiosulfate solution (I OQJTII) was added and the resultant stirred for 30mins.The mixture was then partitioned between dichloromethane (100ml) and 1 N HCI (200ml). The organics were separated and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was then removed in vacuuo, the crude residue was then purified by column chromatography on silica gel eluting with 90:10 hexanes : ethyl acetate to afford the title compound as a yellow oil (3.24g). H NMR (CDCI3): [delta] 3.50 (q, J = 21.48Hz 2H), 6.70 (d, J = 2.54Hz, 1 H), 7.32 (d, J = 2.54Hz, 1 H), 7.45 (s, 1 H). Step 7: Acetic acid 4-bromo-2-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-phenyl ester

[1062]


[1063] Acetyl chloride (0.91 mL, 12.8 mmol) followed by triethylamine (1.8 mL, 12.8 mmol) were added to a stirred solution of 4-bromo-2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenol (2.55 g, 10.7 mmol) dissolved in CH2CI3 (20 mL). The reaction was stirred for 45 mins and then partitioned between 1 N HCI and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with saturated NaHCO3, brine dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. Purification by flash column chromatography (0% to 20% EtOAc in hexanes) gave the product as a clear oil (2.5Og).
LCMS : apci 297 MH+ Step 8: 6-Cyclopentyl-6-{2-[4-hydroxy-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phenyl]ethyl}dihydro-2W- pyran-2,4(3H)-dione

[1064]


Documents:

931-DELNP-2007-Abstract-1-(11-02-2011).pdf

931-delnp-2007-abstract.pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Claims-1-(11-02-2011).pdf

931-delnp-2007-claims.pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Correspodence Others-(08-07-2011).pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Correspondence-Others-(11-02-2011).pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Correspondence-Others.pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Description (Complete)-(11-02-2011).pdf

931-delnp-2007-description (complete).pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Form-1-(11-02-2011).pdf

931-delnp-2007-form-1.pdf

931-delnp-2007-form-18.pdf

931-delnp-2007-form-2.pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Form-3-(08-07-2011).pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Form-3-(11-02-2011).pdf

931-delnp-2007-form-3.pdf

931-delnp-2007-form-5.pdf

931-DELNP-2007-GPA-(11-02-2011).pdf

931-delnp-2007-gpa.pdf

931-delnp-2007-pct-210.pdf

931-delnp-2007-pct-304.pdf

931-delnp-2007-pct-311.pdf

931-delnp-2007-pct-402.pdf

931-delnp-2007-pct-409.pdf

931-delnp-2007-pct-416.pdf

931-DELNP-2007-Petition-137-(11-02-2011).pdf

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Patent Number 253503
Indian Patent Application Number 931/DELNP/2007
PG Journal Number 30/2012
Publication Date 27-Jul-2012
Grant Date 26-Jul-2012
Date of Filing 05-Feb-2007
Name of Patentee PFIZER INC.
Applicant Address 235 EAST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK, NEW TORK 10017, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 JAVIER GONZALEZ PATENT DEPARTMENT, AGOURON/PFIZER LA JOLLA, 10777 SCIENCE CENTER DRIVE, SAN DIEGO, CALIFOENIA 92121, U.S.A.
2 TANYA MICHELLE JEWELL PATENT DEPARTMENT, AGOURON/PFIZER LA JOLLA, 10777 SCIENCE CENTER DRIVE, SAN DIEGO, CALIFOENIA 92121, U.S.A.
3 HUI LI PATENT DEPARTMENT, AGOURON/PFIZER LA JOLLA, 10777 SCIENCE CENTER DRIVE, SAN DIEGO, CALIFOENIA 92121, U.S.A.
4 ANGELICA LINTON PATENT DEPARTMENT, AGOURON/PFIZER LA JOLLA, 10777 SCIENCE CENTER DRIVE, SAN DIEGO, CALIFOENIA 92121, U.S.A.
5 JOHN HOWARD TATLOCK PATENT DEPARTMENT, AGOURON/PFIZER LA JOLLA, 10777 SCIENCE CENTER DRIVE, SAN DIEGO, CALIFOENIA 92121, U.S.A.
PCT International Classification Number C07D 487/04
PCT International Application Number PCT/IB2005/002697
PCT International Filing date 2005-08-05
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 60/602,618 2004-08-18 U.S.A.