Indian Patents. 260541:AN ONLINE PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS HEALTH MONITORING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HOUSED IN A CHAMBER

Title of Invention	AN ONLINE PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS HEALTH MONITORING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HOUSED IN A CHAMBER
Abstract	The present invention provides an online process for continuous monitoring of electrical equipment housed in an opaque metallic chamber in air as di-electric medium where ozone is generated due to electric discharge and estimating extent of electrical discharge by correlating it with concentration of ozone recorded from data by a ozone analyzer.

Full Text	FIELD OF APPLICATION The present invention relates to an online process for continuous health monitoring of electrical equipment housed in a chamber like an air insulated opaque metallic chamber at normal pressure. In particular, the invention relates to monitoring of electrical equipment like electrical bus duct enclosing electrical bus bars, circuit breakers, cable terminations or any other electrical equipment enclosed in metallic chambers. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The health of electrical equipment is primarily dependent on the health of its electrical insulation. The health of electrical insulation deteriorates because of various reasons like ingress of moisture on electrical insulation or deposition of dust on electrical insulation. It can also deteriorate due to ageing or exceeding temperature limits of electrical insulation. The deterioration may also be due to inadvertent application of higher voltage than designed on electrical insulation. Usually the deterioration of electrical insulation leads to discharge of electricity, which further aggravates the deterioration of electrical insulation leading to spark/flashover or breakdown of electrical insulation. Many electrical equipments are enclosed in metallic chambers like circuit breakers, bus ducts etc. At present for monitoring the health of equipment needs a shutdown. This is because the health of electrical insulation cannot be judged in power up condition. Certain deterioration of health can be checked in power up condition only but as the equipments are enclosed in metallic chambers, the deterioration cannot be sensed. Normally the sensing of deterioration of health is done either visually or by means of electrical insulation tester and detecting various radiations. Detection of generated radiation due to deterioration of health cannot be done because of metallic enclosed chamber. Any spark inside the metallic chamber cannot be seen. The intensity of sound generated due to deterioration of health of electrical insulation usually is so low that it cannot be recorded or heard. There was therefore, a need for providing a method for health monitoring of electrical equipment in order to overcome difficulties like using electrical insulation tester for checking electrical insulation which cannot be used in power up condition. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention therefore, is to monitor the health of electrical equipment enclosed in a chamber by analyzing the ozone generated due to electrical discharge. Ozone is generated due to electric discharge. The extent of electric discharge can be estimated by correlating it with the concentration of ozone in enclosed chamber. The health of electrical equipment can be measured qualitatively with the knowledge of extent of electrical discharge inside enclosed chamber. Based on the concentration of ozone level in the enclosed chamber, safe shutdown of electrical equipment can be taken to avoid damage of equipment, disturbances in the electrical network. The ozone generated by electrical discharge can get converted into oxygen after sometime. The generation of ozone increases with the level of electrical discharge. The ozone is significantly heavier than oxygen and nitrogen (air). So the generated ozone is accumulated at the bottom of the chamber. The ozone does not escape the chamber, even if the chamber is not airtight and so the monitoring of ozone does not need the chamber to be in airtight condition. For a level of electrical discharge the ozone concentration in a given chamber increases with time but the rate of increment reduces with time and finally it attains a fixed value. When the rate of re conversion of ozone to oxygen and rate of generation of ozone balances, the ozone concentration stabilizes at a particular value. If the rate of electrical discharge increases then the rate of generation of ozone increases with time, and the balance of rate of generation of ozone and rate of re conversion of ozone to oxygen is achieved at higher concentration of ozone. So the final value of ozone concentration increases with the extent of electrical discharge. By monitoring the level of ozone concentration, the extent of electrical discharge in an enclosed chamber can be monitored. Thus the present invention provides an online process for continuous health monitoring of electrical equipment housed in a chamber in an electrically charged condition, said process comprising the steps of: collecting at regular intervals samples of ozone concentration from the bottom of said chamber; calculating continuously the value of concentration of ozone multiplied by the volume of said chamber in an ozone analyzer; estimating extent of electrical discharge by correlating it with concentration of ozone;' recording continuously data from said ozone analyzer in a computer; and displaying the value and / or raising an alarm for shutdown or preventive maintenance of the electric equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS The invention can now be described in detail with the help of the figures of the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows in block diagram form an arrangement of the present invention for monitoring the generation of ozone in an enclosed chamber housing electrical equipment. Figure 2 shows the relationship of ozone generation with respect to electrical discharge. Figure 3 shows a graph by plotting the value of ozone concentration multiplied by the volume of chamber against the voltage applied in KV. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The block diagram of Figure 1 shows an enclosed chamber 'A', having an electrical equipment in an electrically charged condition. A hole H is provided at a lower portion of the chamber A and is connected through a pipe C to an ozone analyzer B. The hole H and the pipe C may be of around 5 mm diameter and the ozone analyzer B is provided with a suction pump (not shown) to suck in air sample from chamber A. The rate of suction is to be kept so low that the concentration of ozone in chamber does not go down significantly. The ozone analyzer takes the air sample every few minutes and after finding the ozone concentration leaves the sampled air to atmosphere. The data from the ozone analyzer is to be continuously recorded in a computer D and the values displayed. An alarm can also be raised for shutdown or preventive maintenance of the electrical equipment in case of heavy electrical discharge. Figure 2 shows a graph plotting ozone concentration against the applied voltage and illustrates the relationship of ozone generation with respect to electric discharge. In this example the gap between electrodes were kept 25 cm Temperature were approximately 32° C (+ 2°) Humidity was approximately 46-50 % Sample Flow Rate = 1 liter per minute The volume of the chamber = 1.012 m3 The concentration of ozone would start increasing and would finally taper to a certain value. If electrical discharge increases due to deterioration of electrical insulation, the concentration of ozone will start increasing and would finally taper to a new value. It has been observed that for a given level of electrical discharge due to deterioration of electrical insulation, the ozone concentration multiplied by volume of chamber reaches to a constant value. As the electrical discharge increases, the ozone concentration multiplied by volume of chamber reaches to higher value. The graph between (ozone concentration* volume of chamber) and different electrical discharge (obtained by applying different voltage) were drawn for various volume of chamber. The graph was found to be almost same for various volumes of chambers. The graph as shown in Figure 3 reveals that there is no generation of ozone up to a certain value of voltage applied. After which, the generation of ozone increases as the applied voltage is increased and finally it attains a fixed value thereby implying that as the electrical discharge increases, the generation of ozone also increases. At point 'A' there is a hissing sound due to electrical discharge in the chamber. At point 'B' sparking starts due to the increased electrical discharge in the chamber. In conclusion, sample for ozone concentration is to be collected from bottom of the chamber. The concentration of ozone multiplied by volume of the chamber increases with the increase in electrical discharge. The concentration of ozone multiplied by volume of chamber indicates the condition / health of electrical insulation in the enclosed chamber. The concentration of ozone multiplied by volume of chamber can be utilized for raising alarm / shutdown / initiation of preventive maintenance of electrical equipment thereby saving electrical equipment from breakdown / flashover. WE CLAIM 1. An online process for continuous health monitoring of electrical equipment housed in a chamber in an electrically charged condition, said process comprising the steps of: - collecting at regular intervals samples of ozone concentration from the bottom of said chamber; - calculating continuously the value of concentration of ozone multiplied by the volume of said chamber in an ozone analyzer; - estimating extent of electrical discharge by correlating it with concentration of ozone; - recording continuously data from said ozone analyzer in a computer; and - displaying the value and / or raising an alarm for shutdown or preventive maintenance of the electric equipment. 2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein samples of ozone concentration are collected every few minutes. 3. The process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rate of suction of samples of ozone concentration is so low that the ozone concentration in said chamber does not go down significantly. ABSTRACT AN ONLINE PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS HEALTH MONITORING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HOUSED IN A CHAMBER The present invention provides an online process for continuous monitoring of electrical equipment housed in an opaque metallic chamber in air as di-electric medium where ozone is generated due to electric discharge and estimating extent of electrical discharge by correlating it with concentration of ozone recorded from data by a ozone analyzer.

Full Text

FIELD OF APPLICATION
The present invention relates to an online process for continuous health monitoring of
electrical equipment housed in a chamber like an air insulated opaque metallic chamber
at normal pressure. In particular, the invention relates to monitoring of electrical
equipment like electrical bus duct enclosing electrical bus bars, circuit breakers, cable
terminations or any other electrical equipment enclosed in metallic chambers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The health of electrical equipment is primarily dependent on the health of its electrical
insulation. The health of electrical insulation deteriorates because of various reasons
like ingress of moisture on electrical insulation or deposition of dust on electrical
insulation. It can also deteriorate due to ageing or exceeding temperature limits of
electrical insulation. The deterioration may also be due to inadvertent application of
higher voltage than designed on electrical insulation.
Usually the deterioration of electrical insulation leads to discharge of electricity, which
further aggravates the deterioration of electrical insulation leading to spark/flashover or
breakdown of electrical insulation. Many electrical equipments are enclosed in metallic
chambers like circuit breakers, bus ducts etc.
At present for monitoring the health of equipment needs a shutdown. This is because
the health of electrical insulation cannot be judged in power up condition. Certain
deterioration of health can be checked in power up condition only but as the
equipments are enclosed in metallic chambers, the deterioration cannot be sensed.

Normally the sensing of deterioration of health is done either visually or by means of
electrical insulation tester and detecting various radiations.
Detection of generated radiation due to deterioration of health cannot be done because
of metallic enclosed chamber. Any spark inside the metallic chamber cannot be seen.
The intensity of sound generated due to deterioration of health of electrical insulation
usually is so low that it cannot be recorded or heard.
There was therefore, a need for providing a method for health monitoring of electrical
equipment in order to overcome difficulties like using electrical insulation tester for
checking electrical insulation which cannot be used in power up condition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention therefore, is to monitor the health of electrical
equipment enclosed in a chamber by analyzing the ozone generated due to electrical
discharge.
Ozone is generated due to electric discharge. The extent of electric discharge can be
estimated by correlating it with the concentration of ozone in enclosed chamber. The
health of electrical equipment can be measured qualitatively with the knowledge of
extent of electrical discharge inside enclosed chamber. Based on the concentration of
ozone level in the enclosed chamber, safe shutdown of electrical equipment can be
taken to avoid damage of equipment, disturbances in the electrical network.
The ozone generated by electrical discharge can get converted into oxygen after
sometime. The generation of ozone increases with the level of electrical discharge. The
ozone is significantly heavier than oxygen and nitrogen (air). So the generated ozone is

accumulated at the bottom of the chamber. The ozone does not escape the chamber,
even if the chamber is not airtight and so the monitoring of ozone does not need the
chamber to be in airtight condition.
For a level of electrical discharge the ozone concentration in a given chamber increases
with time but the rate of increment reduces with time and finally it attains a fixed value.
When the rate of re conversion of ozone to oxygen and rate of generation of ozone
balances, the ozone concentration stabilizes at a particular value.
If the rate of electrical discharge increases then the rate of generation of ozone
increases with time, and the balance of rate of generation of ozone and rate of re
conversion of ozone to oxygen is achieved at higher concentration of ozone.
So the final value of ozone concentration increases with the extent of electrical
discharge. By monitoring the level of ozone concentration, the extent of electrical
discharge in an enclosed chamber can be monitored.
Thus the present invention provides an online process for continuous health monitoring
of electrical equipment housed in a chamber in an electrically charged condition, said
process comprising the steps of: collecting at regular intervals samples of ozone
concentration from the bottom of said chamber; calculating continuously the value of
concentration of ozone multiplied by the volume of said chamber in an ozone analyzer;
estimating extent of electrical discharge by correlating it with concentration of ozone;'
recording continuously data from said ozone analyzer in a computer; and displaying the
value and / or raising an alarm for shutdown or preventive maintenance of the electric
equipment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The invention can now be described in detail with the help of the figures of the
accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 shows in block diagram form an arrangement of the present invention for
monitoring the generation of ozone in an enclosed chamber housing electrical
equipment.
Figure 2 shows the relationship of ozone generation with respect to electrical discharge.
Figure 3 shows a graph by plotting the value of ozone concentration multiplied by the
volume of chamber against the voltage applied in KV.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The block diagram of Figure 1 shows an enclosed chamber 'A', having an electrical
equipment in an electrically charged condition. A hole H is provided at a lower portion
of the chamber A and is connected through a pipe C to an ozone analyzer B. The hole H
and the pipe C may be of around 5 mm diameter and the ozone analyzer B is provided
with a suction pump (not shown) to suck in air sample from chamber A.
The rate of suction is to be kept so low that the concentration of ozone in chamber
does not go down significantly. The ozone analyzer takes the air sample every few
minutes and after finding the ozone concentration leaves the sampled air to
atmosphere. The data from the ozone analyzer is to be continuously recorded in a
computer D and the values displayed. An alarm can also be raised for shutdown or
preventive maintenance of the electrical equipment in case of heavy electrical
discharge.

Figure 2 shows a graph plotting ozone concentration against the applied voltage and
illustrates the relationship of ozone generation with respect to electric discharge.
In this example the gap between electrodes were kept 25 cm Temperature were
approximately 32° C (+ 2°) Humidity was approximately 46-50 % Sample Flow Rate =
1 liter per minute The volume of the chamber = 1.012 m3
The concentration of ozone would start increasing and would finally taper to a certain
value. If electrical discharge increases due to deterioration of electrical insulation, the
concentration of ozone will start increasing and would finally taper to a new value.
It has been observed that for a given level of electrical discharge due to deterioration of
electrical insulation, the ozone concentration multiplied by volume of chamber reaches
to a constant value.
As the electrical discharge increases, the ozone concentration multiplied by volume of
chamber reaches to higher value.
The graph between (ozone concentration* volume of chamber) and different electrical
discharge (obtained by applying different voltage) were drawn for various volume of
chamber. The graph was found to be almost same for various volumes of chambers.
The graph as shown in Figure 3 reveals that there is no generation of ozone up to a
certain value of voltage applied. After which, the generation of ozone increases as the
applied voltage is increased and finally it attains a fixed value thereby implying that as
the electrical discharge increases, the generation of ozone also increases.
At point 'A' there is a hissing sound due to electrical discharge in the chamber. At point
'B' sparking starts due to the increased electrical discharge in the chamber.

In conclusion, sample for ozone concentration is to be collected from bottom of the
chamber. The concentration of ozone multiplied by volume of the chamber increases
with the increase in electrical discharge.
The concentration of ozone multiplied by volume of chamber indicates the condition /
health of electrical insulation in the enclosed chamber.
The concentration of ozone multiplied by volume of chamber can be utilized for raising
alarm / shutdown / initiation of preventive maintenance of electrical equipment thereby
saving electrical equipment from breakdown / flashover.

WE CLAIM
1. An online process for continuous health monitoring of electrical equipment housed in
a chamber in an electrically charged condition, said process comprising the steps of:
- collecting at regular intervals samples of ozone concentration from the bottom of said
chamber;
- calculating continuously the value of concentration of ozone multiplied by the volume
of said chamber in an ozone analyzer;
- estimating extent of electrical discharge by correlating it with concentration of ozone;
- recording continuously data from said ozone analyzer in a computer; and
- displaying the value and / or raising an alarm for shutdown or preventive maintenance
of the electric equipment.

2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein samples of ozone concentration are
collected every few minutes.
3. The process as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rate of suction of samples of ozone
concentration is so low that the ozone concentration in said chamber does not go down
significantly.

ABSTRACT

AN ONLINE PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS HEALTH MONITORING OF
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT HOUSED IN A CHAMBER
The present invention provides an online process for continuous monitoring of electrical
equipment housed in an opaque metallic chamber in air as di-electric medium where
ozone is generated due to electric discharge and estimating extent of electrical
discharge by correlating it with concentration of ozone recorded from data by a ozone
analyzer.

Documents:

0632-kol-2006 assignment.pdf

0632-kol-2006 correspondenceother.pdf

0632-kol-2006 description(provisional).pdf

0632-kol-2006 drawings.pdf

0632-kol-2006 form1.pdf

0632-kol-2006 form2.pdf

0632-kol-2006 form3.pdf

0632-kol-2006-claims.pdf

0632-kol-2006-correspondence-1.1.pdf

0632-kol-2006-description(complete).pdf

0632-kol-2006-form-1-1.1.pdf

0632-kol-2006-form-2-1.1.pdf

0632-kol-2006-form-5.pdf

632 KOL 2006 Final Search Report.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-ABSTRACT.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-CLAIMS.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-DRAWINGS.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-FORM-1.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-FORM-2.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(08-01-2014)-FORM-5.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(09-01-2014)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

632-KOL-2006-(09-01-2014)-FORM-5.pdf

632-KOL-2006-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

632-KOL-2006-EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

632-kol-2006-form 18.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GPA.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-ABSTRACT.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-CLAIMS.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-DRAWINGS.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-FORM 1.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-FORM 2.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-FORM 3.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-FORM 5.pdf

632-KOL-2006-GRANTED-SPECIFICATION-COMPLETE.pdf

632-KOL-2006-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

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Patent Number

260541

Indian Patent Application Number

632/KOL/2006

PG Journal Number

19/2014

Publication Date

09-May-2014

Grant Date

06-May-2014

Date of Filing

27-Jun-2006

Name of Patentee

TATA STEEL LIMITED.

Applicant Address

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION JAMSHEDPUR - 831001

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	Sinha, Arvind Kumar	TATA STEEL LIMITED. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION JAMSHEDPUR 831001
2	C. Raich, Sanjay	TATA STEEL LIMITED RESEARCH ADN DEVELOPMENT DIVISION JAMSHEDPUR 831001
3	Sen Gupta, Dipankar	TATA STEEL LIMITEDRESEARCH ADN DEVELOPMENT DIVISIONJAMSHEDPUR 831001
4	Prasad, Umesh	TATA STEEL LIMITED RESEARCH ADN DEVELOPMENT DIVISION JAMSHEDPUR 831001

PCT International Classification Number

G08B13/14

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA