Title of Invention

"AN AXIAL FLOW SEED THRESHER"

Abstract

This invention is related to an axial flow seed thresher comprising: (a) a feeding hoper (26) provided with a fixed comb (27), a feeding anger (28), two grooved two step pulleys (29), a bearing housing (30), N-belt (31), a feeding shaft (32), two V- grooved pulley (33), two V-grooved two-step pulley (34), two V-grooved two step pulley (35) and a main shaft (36); (b) a threshing assembly (5) comprising a threshing cylinder (44) and concave (47). (c) a separating unit (42) comprising a separator cylinder, (d) a straw throwing unit (41) comprising of at least four number of throwers, (e) a belt conveyer (49), (f) an aspirator (6) having four number of blades, (g) a blower (7) having four fins equipped on a flywheel (55); (h) a rear blower (63) (i) a metallic frame (23) and (j) a transmission on system.

Full Text

FIELD OF INVENTION This invention relates to an axial flow seed thresher, specifically but without implying any limitation thereto for pulse and oil seed crops. PRIOR ART After harvesting a crop in any known manner, the seed is separated from the trash by threshing by a seed thresher. The seed threshers known in art operate at high speed and result in higher breakage and splitting of seeds. The seed breakage goes upto 20-25 percent in crops such as Soybean, Greengram in case of existing speed threshers. Another limitation of the existing speed threshers is that crops with high moisture content cannot be threshed with the existing speed threshers. There is no provision for changing concave and concave clearances for threshing different crops which causes breakage of grains and leads to higher content of foreign material and straw. Another drawback is that workers sustain injuries on their hands during feeding crops, particularly crops like guar, moong, urd, arher etc. as the operator has to manually push the infeed. Sharma and Devnani (1978) developed a multi crop rasp bar thresher with adjustable clearance and a cylinder beater. The visible grain damage was found to be between 1 to 2% at concave clearances between 4mm to 8mm and a cylinder speed of 6.8m per sec. Sharma and Devnani have reported that though threshing efficiency increased with the increase in the cylinder tip speed but decreased with increase in concave clearance. The visible and internal seed damage increased with the increase in cylinder tip speed and decrease in concave clearance. Although at higher speeds the visible seed damage was within 5 percent yet the internal seed damage was very high. However, the breakage could not be achieved less than 1.0%. Kamle and Panwar (1984) developed an experimental thresher with provisions for changing threshing cylinder, peripheral speed of cylinder and concave clearance. At peripheral speed between 7 to 13 ms-1, concave clearance between 5mm to 15mm, cylinder type of spike tooth, rasp bar, round bar, threshing efficiency was between 89 to 99% but the grain damage was very high. Singhal and thierstem (1987) developed an axial flow thresher with multi-crop potential. At optimum conditions, the threshingefficiency and cleaning efficiency was 95% but breakage was around 2% and unthreshed seeds were not exceeding 5%. Bansal et al reported that for axial flow thresher, mechanical efficiency depended upon moisture content, feeding rate and speed of threshing cylinder. The seed loss could be brought out to less than 1.0% at moisture content of35% and cylinder speed of 6.5 to 7.2 m/sec. with feed rate of 20kg/hour. However the limitation was that the seed thresher could be used only for sunflower crop. Garg et al developed and evaluated an axial flow thresher for threshing sunflower crop. The threshing efficiency was more than 99% and grain loss was less than 1%. However the limitation was that it was only for sunflower crop. OBJECTS OF PRESENT INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow seed thresher. Another object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow seed thresher wherein crop can be threshed even at higher seed moisture content. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow seed thresher wherein seed damage is about 1% which results in higher seed recovery whereas the seed damage in existing seed threshers is more than 10%. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow seed thresher which has higher output resulting in low operating cost. Further object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow seed thresher which has relatively less energy requirement. Yet further object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow seed thresher which incorporates a mechanical feeding mechanism thereby resulting in less fatigue to labour during feeding to crop. Still further object of the present invention is to provide an axial flow seed thresher wherein cylinder speed and aspirator speed are independent and easy to change, depending upon the crop type and conditions whereas in existing machines. There is no provision to adjust these machine variables. Even further object of the present invention is to provide a co-axial flow seed thresher wherein it is easy to change concave clearance, sieve clearance and slope of sieves. STATEMENT OF INVENTION According to this invention there is provided an axial flow seed thresher comprising: (a) a feeding hoper (26) provided with a fixed comb (27), a feeding anger (28), two grooved two step pulleys (29), a bearing housing (30), N-belt (31), a feeding shaft (32), two V-grooved pulley (33), two V-grooved two-step pulley (34), two V-grooved two step pulley (35) and a main shaft (36); (b) a threshing assembly (5) comprising a threshing cylinder (44) and concave (47) wherein said threshing cylinder is provided with 8 nos. of rasp bars (40) and wherein concave is designed to fit at the bottom of threshing cylinder and has six concave of different grate opening of size between 3mm to 16mm and wherein further concave mounting is adapted to be lowered or raised to provide a clearance of 3 to 20mm and wherein further top cover (37) with plurality of louvers (38) is provided as a top casing of the said cylinder; (c) a separating unit (42) comprising a separator cylinder provided with a separating metallic grate fixed at the bottom of cylinder; (d) a straw throwing unit (41) comprising of four number of throwers wherein said threshing cylinder, said throwing unit and said separating unit are mounted on the same rotary shaft; (e) a belt conveyer (49) passing over tread roller (17) on one end and over V-pulley (19) at the other end; (f) an aspirator (6) having four number of blades is provided on the right side of the said straw throwing unit; (g) a blower (7) having four fins equipped with a flywheel (55); (h) a rear blower (63) having four blades with a adjustable gate opening (62) and a set of pulleys (64) provided for transmission to the said rear blower; (i) a metallic frame (23) over which the overall assembly of the axial flow thrasher is mounted, the frame itself being mounted on an axle with a pair of wheels (25), and a telescopic stand provided for stability during operation and when not in use. (j) transmission system comprising of two driven v-grooved 3-step pulley (1) on a shaft (8) for aspirator/blower three driven v-grooved three-step pulley for threshing cylinder mounted on a rotary shaft (4), two driver v-grooved three-step pulley for aspirator/blower and three drover v-grooved 3-step pulley for threshing cylinder, v-belt (9) passing over the driver pulley (14), driver pulley (13) and driven pulley (1) and v-belt (10) passing over the driver pulley (14) and driven pulley (3), a gear box (15) connected at one end to cleaning sieve through a connecting rod and at other end to belt conveyor. A chain (16) passing over said tread roller (17) on one side of said gear box, power being transmitted to gear box from main shaft through v-belt pulley arrangement. DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES The invention is illustrated with accompanying drawings which are intended to illustrate an embodiment of the present invention. These drawings are not intended to be taken restrictively to imply any limitation on the scope of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings :- Fig. 1: shows the block-diagram of the axial seed thresher of the present invention; Fig. 2: shows the isometric view of axial seed thresher; Fig.3: shows the side view of axial seed thresher; Fig.4: shows the transmission system; Fig.5: shows the isometric view of the metallic main frame; Fig.6: shows the side view of the transmission of feeding unit; Fig.7: shows another side view and transmission of feeding unit; Fig.8: top and side view of threshing cylinder; Fig.9: shows top and side view of concave; Fig. 10: shows the side and front view of aspirator; Fig. 11: side and front view of blower; Fig. 12: side view and transmission of sieve system; Fig. 13: side view and transmission of rear fan blower; DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION W.R.T. DRAWINGS Referring to fig. 1 to 3 the seed thresher of the present invention comprises a feeding hopper (26) for feeding the crops to the thresher. The crops fed through the said feeding hopper passes through threshing assembly (5) by means of a feeding regulator. The threshed material passes through concave grate and fall on the belt conveyer (49) (18) whereas partially/non-threshed material pass to the separating unit (42) which breaks the straw into pieces and left over unthreshed pods are threshed and separated by the helical movement of crop. The separating unit comprises of a separator and separating grate (46) which is provided at the bottom of separating cylinder. The threshed material passes through separating grate and conveyed to the said belt conveyer (49) and the unthreshed material conveyed to the straw throwing unit (41) comprising a plurality of throwers which throws out the straw received from the said separating unit and the threshed material passes through fixed concave grate and conveyed to belt conveyer (49). An aspirator (6) having four nos. of blades is provided on the right side of the said straw throwing unit, which lifts the light material from trop sieve of the said cleaning unit. The said aspirator has provision for adjustments to increase or decrease the suction area on the top of sieve. A blower (7) having four nos. of fins equipped on a flywheel (55) (fig 11) removes the chaff and dirt from the main seed outlet. The threshed material from said belt conveyer pass through a sieve system comprising of top sieve (58) middle sieve (59) and bottom sieve (60). The big pieces of straw and stem flow over the top sieve (58). The seed and small pieces of straw pass through the top and middle sieve and retained on bottom sieve. The rear blower (63) throws out the small pieces of straw. The said rear blower operates by V-pully (20). The seed and small pieces of straw retained on the bottom sieve (60). The blower (66) throws out the small pieces of straw while the clean seed/grain flow over the bottom sieve and collected to one side. The system is mounted on a metallic frame (23) which itself is mounted on stand (22). The system is provided with a pair of wheels (25). Referring to fig.4, the transmission system comprises two driven v-grooved 3-step pulley (1) provided on shaft (8) for aspirator/blower, V-grooved three step pulley for threshing cylinder mounted on rotor shaft (4), two driver V-grooved 3-step pulley for aspirator/ blower (13) and three driver V-grooved 3-step pulley for threshing cylinder (14). The V-belts (9) pass over the driven pulleys (1) and driven pulley (13) and V-belt (10) pass-over the driven pulley (3) and driver pulley (14). The gear box (15) connected to cleaning sieve through connecting rod (21) at one end and to belt conveyor at other end through chain-sprocket arrangement. The chain (16) passes over the tread roller (17) on one side and over the said gear box at other side. The belt conveyer (49, 18) passes over the said tread roller at one end and over V-pulley (19) at other end. A V-belt passes over the said pulley (19) and V-pulley (20) for rear blower. Referring to fig.5, the MS frame (23) is provided on supports (22). The frame has length and height in the ratio around 2.7:1. The frame has ground clearance of at least 35 cm. Referring to fig.6 and fig.7, the transmission of the said feeding unit comprises a fixed comb (27), a feeding auger (28), two V-grooved, two step pulley (29) a bearing housing (30), V-belt (31), a feeding shaft (32), two V-grooved pulley (33), two V-grooved two step pulley (34) and two V-grooved two step pulley (35) and main shaft (36). Power is transmitted to main shaft (36) through tractor PTO shaft. Power from main shaft is transmitted to counter shaft (driven) through v-belt pulley arrangement from counter shaft to feeding shaft (32) by v-belt pulley. (PLEASE EXPLAIN INTER-CONNECTIVITY) Referring to fig.8 and fig.9, the threshing assembly comprises of a threshing cylinder and concave. The fig.9 shows the threshing cylinder and fig.9 shows the concave. The threshing cylinder is provided with top cover (37) and has louvers (38). The cylinder is provided with 8 nos. of rasp bars (40). The said throwing unit (41), said separating unit (42) , the said threshing unit (43) and the threshing cylinder (44) are mounted on the same rotary shaft (4). The said thrower has thrower casing (45) and separator is provided with a fixed separating grate (46). The concave (47) has the main function to pass the threshed seeds by the rubbing and impact action of rasp bars. Concave is cassette type and is designed in such a way that it can be easily fitted at the bottom of threshing cylinder. The concave of different opening size of 3 to 16mm for different crops have been designed as per seed size. The dimensions of the concave grate and shape, significantly affect the threshing of crop, seed spillage and break-up of the straw. The concave has six grate openings of 3mm, 5mm, 7mm, 9mm, 13mm and 16mm taking into consideration the different size and shape of seeds. The concave is provided at the bottom of threshing cylinder. There is a provision to change the concave clearance from 3 to 20mm by lifting and lowering the mounting of concave. Referring to fig. 10, the aspirator has four nos. of blades (52) which are housed in aspirator cover (51) and mounted on aspirator shaft. The aspirator shaft and rotor shaft are independent drive. The suction voloume of air at the top sieve increased or decreased by changing speed, lower or lifting top sieve or increase or decrease of gate opening of aspirator. (PLEASE ADD MORE DETAILS) Referring to fig. 11, the said blower has four nos. of fins (54) equipped on flywheel (55). The said fins are housed in the blower cover (53). The voloume of air blown can be adjusted by adjusting opening of gate through a lever. Referring to fig. 12, the transmission of sieve system comprises of three sieves top sieve (58), middle sieve (59) and bottom sieve (60). The sieve system is connected to out pat shaft of gear box by means of connecting rod (56). The hangers (57) for lowering and lifting sieve. There are two inspection holes (61) to view seeds cleaning and to remove/cleaning of holes or sieve cleaning. Referring to fig. 13, the said rear fan blower (63) has adjustable fan opening blades (62). The V-belt pulley (64) provides the transmission for the rear fan blower. Rear blower is provided from further cleaning of seeds. The axial flow seed thresher of the present invention was tested for its performance evaluation in green gram, black gram, soybean, chickpea, pigeonpea, raya and mustard crop. Test conditions for performance evaluation of axial flow thresher Test conditions are given in Table-1. Test performance data are reported in Tables 2-8. Optimization of parameters are prescribed in Table-9. Test conditions for performance evaluation of axial flow thresher An axial flow seed thresher tested for its performance evaluation in Green gram, Black gram, Soybean, Raya, Chickpea, Sunflower and Piegeonpea. The test conditions of crop and machine are reported in Table-1. The performance results are reported in table 2 to 9. Greengram: Results reported in Table-2 revealed that the minimum seed damage (1.10%) was observed with the use of lower cylinder speed (9.5 m/s) and concave clearance of 15mm at high moisture content (14.0%), which could be attributed due to the reduced impact force to detach the seed from the pod. The higher seed damage (6.26%) at higher speed (17.6 m/s) and low seed moisture content (10%) was observed. It may be due to increased effect of impact and rubbing forces at higher speed. The seed damaged increased from 1.10 to 6.26 percent with the increase in cylinder speed 9.5 to 17.6 m/s and decrease in moisture content from 14 to 10 percent. The frequent chocking in feeding and threshing unit was observed while threshing in greengram crop at seed moisture content of 14 percent. The threshing efficiency increased with increase in cylinder speed across the studied seed moisture content and cylinder speed. The threshing efficiency was considerably low at lower speed and high seed moisture content. The threshing efficiency was found to be maximum (99%) at cylinder speed of 17.6 m/s and seed moisture content of 10% while it was minimum (94.3%) with the use of cylinder speed of 9.5 m/s at seed moisture content of 14.0% and higher concave clearance of 15mm. The threshing efficiency increased from 94.3 to 99.5 percent with the increase of cylinder speed from 9.5 to 17.6 m/s and decrease of seed moisture content from 14 to 10 percent and concave clearance from 15 to 5 mm. The maximum cleaning efficiency (93.2%) was observed at cylinder speed of 17.6 m/s and seed moisture content of 10 percent. It decreases to minimum (82.9%) at 14% seed moisture content and cylinder speed of 9.5 m/s. At low seed moisture content the pods were dried and terminal velocity of straw was much lower than that of seed. Thus, it was easy to separate straw from seed making cleaning efficiency higher. The seed germination was maximum (92%) when crop was threshed at lower speed (9.5 m/s) with higher concave clearance of 15mm at seed moisture content of 10 to 12 percent. The germination was above the minimum seed certification standard i.e. 75 percent in all the treatments. It may be due to less effect of impact and rubbing forces. In Greengram, the optimum combinations of operating parameters to have minimum seed injury were identified (Table-9). It is clear from the date that at 10 to 12 percent seed moisture content, cylinder speed should be 9.5 m/s with 10-15mm concave clearance while at 14 percent seed moisture content, cylinder speed should be kept 12.2 m/s with concave clearance of 10mm. The average output of thresher was 4.0 q/h while the cost of threshing was Rs. 60/- per quintal. Blackgram: Results reported in Table-3 revealed that the minimum seed damage (1.5%) was observed with the use of cylinder speed (9.5 to 12.2 m/s) and concave clearance of 15 mm at high moisture content (13.4%), which could be attributed due to the reduced impact force to detach the seed from the pod. The higher seed damage (7.80%) at higher speed (17.6 m/s) and low seed moisture content (10.3%) was observed. The seed damaged increased from 1.5 to 7.8 percent with the increase in cylinder speed 9.5 to 17.6 m/s and decrease in moisture content from 13.4 to 10.3 percent. The threshing efficiency was considerably low at lower speed and high seed moisture content. The threshing efficiency was found to be maximum (99.6%) at cylinder speed of 17.6 m/s and seed moisture content of 10.3% while it was minimum (93.2%) with the use of cylinder speed of 9.5 m/s at seed moisture content of 13.4% and higher concave clearance of 15mm. The threshing efficiency increased from 93.2 to 99.6 percent with the increase of cylinder speed from 9.5 to 17.6 m/s and decrease of seed moisture content from 13.4 to 10.3 percent and concave clearance from 15 to 5 mm. The maximum cleaning efficiency (90%) was observed at cylinder speed of 12.2 to 17.6 m/s and seed moisture content of 10.3 to 13.4 percent. It decreased to minimum (83%) at 13.4% seed moisture content and cylinder speed of 9.5 m/s. At low seed moisture content the pods were dried and terminal velocity of straw was much lower than that of seed. Thus, it was easy to separate straw from seeds making cleaning efficiency higher. The seed germination was maximum (92%) when crop was threshed at lower speed (9.5 m/s) with higher concave clearance of 15mm at seed moisture content of 10.3 to 11.4 percent. The germination was above the minimum seed certification standard i.e. 75 percent in all the treatments. It may be due to less effect of impact and rubbing forces. In blackgram, the optimum combination of operating parameters to have minimum seed injury were identified (Table-9). It is clear from the table that at 13.4 percent seed moisture content, cylinder speed should be 12.2 m/s with 10mm concave clearance while at 10.3 to 11.4 percent seed moisture content, cylinder speed should be kept 9.5 m/s with concave clearance of 15mm. At 10.3 percent seed moisture content, the visible seed damage was higher (3.1%) while at 11.4 to 13.4 percent seed moisture content the breakage was with in the range of 1.5 percent. It is therefore recommended that the blackgram crop should be threshed between 13.4 to 11.4 percent seed moisture content. The average output of thresher was 4.8 q/h while the cost of threshing was Rs. 50 per quintal. Soybean: Results reported in Table-4 revealed that the minimum seed damage (0.15%) was observed with the use of cylinder speed (8.2 m/s) and concave clearance of 15 mm at high seed moisture content (14%), which could be attributed due to the reduced impact force to detach the seed from the pod. The higher seed damage (6.45%) at higher speed (14.7 m/s) and low seed moisture content (10%) was observed. The seed damaged increased from 0.15 to 6.45 percent with the increase in cylinder speed 8.2 to 14.7 m/s and decrease in moisture content from 14 to 10 percent. The threshing efficiency was considerably low at lower speed and high seed moisture content. The threshing efficiency was found to be maximum (99.4%) at cylinder speed of 14.7 m/s and seed moisture content of 10% while it was minimum (94.7%) with the use of cylinder speed of 11.0 m/s at seed moisture content of 14% and higher concave clearance of 15mm. The threshing efficiency increased from 94.3 to 99.4 percent with the increase of cylinder speed from 8.2 to 14.7 m/s and decrease of seed moisture content from 14 to 10 percent and concave clearance from 15 to 5 mm. The maximum cleaning efficiency (90%) was observed at cylinder speed of 11 to 14.7 m/s and seed moisture content of 10 percent. It decreased to minimum (84.5%) at 14% seed moisture content and cylinder speed of 8.2 m/s with concave clearance of 15mm. The seed germination was maximum (90%) when crop was threshed at lower speed (8.2 m/s) with the concave clearance of 10 to 15mm at seed moisture content of 14 percent. The germination was above the minimum seed certification standard i.e. 75 percent in all the treatments. It may be due to less effect of impact and rubbing forces. In soybean, the optimum combinations of operating parameters to have minimum seed injury were identified (Table-9). It is clear from the table that at seed moisture contents of 10 to 12 percent the cylinder speed and concave clearance should be 8.2 m/s and 15mm respectively. The average output of thresher was 5.0 q/h while the cost of threshing was Rs. 48 per quintal. Raya: Results reported in Table-5 revealed that the minimum seed damage (2.02%) was observed with the use of cylinder speed (9.5 m/s) and concave clearance of 15 mm at high seed moisture content (14.8%), which could be attributed due to the reduced impact force to detach the seed from the pod. The higher seed damage (6.72%) at higher speed (17.5 m/s) and low seed moisture content (9.2%) was observed. The seed damaged increased from 2.02 to 6.72 percent with the increase in cylinder speed 9.5 to 17.5 m/s and decrease in moisture content from 14.8 to 9.2 percent. The threshing efficiency was considerably low at lower speed and high seed moisture content. The threshing efficiency was found to be maximum (98.6%) at cylinder speed of 17.5 m/s and seed moisture content of 9.2% while it was minimum (91.2%) with the use of cylinder speed of 9.5 m/s at seed moisture content of 14.8% and higher concave clearance of 15mm. The threshing efficiency increased from 91.2 to 98.6 percent with the increase of cylinder speed from 9.5 to 17.5 m/s and decrease of seed moisture content from 14.8 to 9.2 percent and concave clearance from 15 to 5 mm. The maximum cleaning efficiency (88.7%) was observed at cylinder speed of 17.5 m/s and seed moisture content of 9.2 percent. It decreased to minimum (81.2%) at 14.8% seed moisture content and cylinder speed of 9.5 m/s with concave clearance of 15mm. The seed germination was maximum (94%) when crop was threshed at lower speed (9.5 m/s) with the concave clearance of 15mm at seed moisture content of 14.8 percent. The germination was minimum (78%) at 9.2% seed moisture content and cylinder speed of 17.5 m/s with concave clearance of 5mm. In Raya, the optimum combination of operating parameters to have minimum seed injury (202%) were identified (Table-9). It is clear from the table that at seed moisture contents of 9.2 to 14.8 percent the cylinder speed and concave clearance should be 9.5 m/s and 15mm respectively. The average output of thresher was 3.0 q/h while the cost of threshing was Rs. 48 per quintal. Chickpea: Results reported in Table-6 revealed that the visible seed damage was minimum at higher seed moisture content, concave clearance and lower cylinder speed. It is evident that the visible seed damage decrease with the increase of seed moisture content, concave clearance and decreases of cylinder speed. The visible seed damage was minimum (0.27%) at seed moisture content of 12.20 per cent, cylinder speed of 8.2 ms-1 and concave clearance of 15mm and maximum (2.90%) at moisture content of 7.80 percent, cylinder speed of 14.7 ms-1 and concave clearance of 5mm. The seed damaged increased from 0.27-2.90 percent with the increase in cylinder speed 8.2 to 14.7 m/s and decrease in moisture content from 12.2 to 7.8 percent. It is evident that the threshing efficiency was minimum at higher seed moisture content, concave clearance and lower cylinder speed. It increased as the seed moisture content, concave clearances decreases and cylinder speed increases. The threshing efficiency was minimum (93.30%) at seed moisture content of 12.20 percent with cylinder speed of 8.2 ms-1 and concave clearance of 15mm. It increased to 99.20 percent as the seed moisture content decreased from 12.20 to 7.80 percent at concave clearance of 5mm and cylinder speed of 14.7 ms-1. The threshing efficiency was maximum (97.83%), when crop threshed with Hammer mill type thresher at seed moisture content of 7.80 percent and minimum (93.90%) at the seed moisture content 12.20 percent with the cylinder speed of 18.8ms-1 and concave clearance of 20 mm. The cleaning efficiency was minimum (87.60%) at the seed moisture content of 12.20 percent with cylinder speed 8.2 ms-1 at 15mm concave clearance and maximum (99.56%) at the seed moisture content 7.80 percent with cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 at 5mm concave clearance. The cleaning efficiency was maximum (95.73%), when crop threshed with Hammer mill type thresher at seed moisture content of 7.80 percent and minimum (94.30%) at the seed moisture content 12.20 percent with the cylinder speed of 18.8ms-1 and concave clearance of 20mm. The germination was highest (96.00%) at higher seed moisture content of 12.20 percent and cylinder speed 8.2 ms-1 with 15mm concave clearance. It decreased to 80 percent as seed moisture content decreased 12.20 to 7.80 percent at cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. The seed vigour index-I was highest (17.60) at higher seed moisture content of 12.20 percent and cylinder speed 8.2 ms-1 with 15mm concave clearance. It decreased to 11.8 as the seed moisture content decreased from 12.20 to 7.80 percent at cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. The seed leachate electrical conductivity was highest (84.91μ mhos-1 cm-1 seed-1) at 7.80 percent seed moisture content with cylinder speed of 14.7 ms-1 and concave clearance of 5mm. The seed leachate electrical conductivity was maximum (85.06μ mhos-1 cm-1 seed-1), when crop threshed with Hammer mill type thresher at seed moisture content of 7,80 percent and minimum (77.21μ mhos-1 cm-1 seed-1) at the seed moisture content 12.20 percent with the cylinder speed of 18.8ms-1 and concave clearance of 20mm. s The maximum invisible seed damage was (4.75%) at the seed moisture content of 7.80 percent and cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. It reduced to 2.32 percent as the seed moisture content increased 7.80 to 12.20 percent at the cylinder speed 8.2 ms-1 with 15mm concave clearance. The invisible seed damage was maximum (5.08%), when crop threshed with Hammer mill type thresher at seed moisture content of 7.80 percent and minimum (3.18%) at the seed moisture content 12,20 percent with the cylinder speed of 18.8ms-1 and concave clearance of 20mm. In Chickpea, the optimum combinations of operating parameters to have minimum seed injury were identified (Table-9). It is clear from the date that 1) At 7.8 percent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 8.2 ms-1 with concave clearance of 5mm. 2) At 10,5 percent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 11.0 ms-1 with concave clearances of 15mm. 3) At 12.2 percent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 8.2 ms -1 with concave clearances of 5mm. Sunflower: Results reported in Table -7 revealed that the visible seed damage was minimum (0.25%) at seed moisture content of 31.50 percent, cylinder speed of 9.5 ms-1 and concave clearance of 15mm and maximum (3.65%) at moisture content of 15.50 percent, cylinder speed of 17.5 and concave clearance of 5mm. The threshing efficiency was minimum (90.20%) at seed moisture content of 31.50 percent with cylinder speed of 9.5 ms-1 and concave clearance of 15mm. It increased to 98.90 percent as the seed moisture content decreased from 31.50 to 15.50 percent at concave clearance of 5mm and cylinder speed of 17.5ms-1. The cleaning efficiency was minimum (81.20%) at the seed moisture content of 31.50 percent with cylinder speed 9.5 ms-1 at 15mm concave clearance and maximum (92.50%) at the seed moisture content of 15,50 percent with cylinder speed 17.5 ms-1 at 5mm concave clearance. The germination was highest (92.00%) at higher seed moisture content of 31.50 percent and cylinder speed 9.5 ms-1 with 15mm concave clearance. It decreased to 80.00 percent as seed moisture content decreased 31.50 to 15.50 percent at cylinder speed 17.5 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. The seed vigour index-I was highest (34.40) at seed moisture content of 31.50 percent and cylinder speed 9.5 ms-1 with 15mm concave clearance. It decreased to 19.20 as the seed moisture content decreased from 31.50 to 15.50 percent at cylinder speed 17.5 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. The seed leachate electrical conductivity was highest (17.50p: mhos-1 cm-1 seed-1 ) at 15.50 percent seed moisture content with cylinder speed of 1.7.5 ms-1 and concave clearance of 5mm. The seed leachate electrical conductivity was maximum (18.65μ mhos-1 cm-1 seed-1). The seed leachate electrical conductivity was highest (17.50μ mhos-1 cm-1 seed-1) at 15.50 percent seed moisture content with cylinder speed of 17.5 ms-1 and concave clearance of 5mm. The seed leachate electrical conductivity was maximum (18.65μ mhos-1 cm-1 seed-1). In sunflower, the optimum combinations of operating parameters to have minimum seed injury were identified (Table-9). It is clear from the date that at 1. At 15.5 percent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 9.5 ms-1 with concave clearance of 15mm. 2. At 23.0 percent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 17.5 ms-1 with concave clearances of 15mm. 3. At 31.5 percent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 17.5 ms-1 with concave clearances of 15mm. Pigeonpea: Results reported in Table -8 revealed that the threshing efficiency was minimum (96.41%) at seed moisture content of 11.00 percent with cylinder speed of 8.2 ms-1 and concave clearance of 15mm. It increased to 99.40 percent as the seed moisture content decreased from 11.00 to 9.00 percent at concave clearance of 5mm and cylinder speed of 14.7ms-1. The cleaning efficiency was minimum (84.1%) at the seed moisture content of 9.00 percent with cylinder speed 8.02 ms-1 at 15mm concave clearance and maximum (98.70%) at the seed moisture content of 11.00 percent with cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 at 5mm concave clearance. The germination was highest (90.00%) at higher seed moisture content of 11.00 percent with cylinder speed 8.2 ms-1 with 15mm concave clearance. It decreased to 78.00 percent as seed moisture content decreased 11.00 to 9.00 percent at cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. The seed vigour index-I was highest (35.8) at seed moisture content of 11.00 percent and cylinder speed 8.2 ms-1 with 15mm concave clearance. It decreased to 23.9 as the seed moisture content decreased from 11.00 to 9.00 percent at cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. The seed leachate electrical conductivity was highest (19.24u mhos-1 cm-1 seed -1) at 9.00 percent seed moisture content with cylinder speed of 14.7ms"1 and concave clearance of 5mm. The maximum invisible seed damage was (4.18%) at the seed moisture content of 9.00 percent and cylinder speed 14.7 ms-1 with 5mm concave clearance. It reduced to 2.18 percent as the seed moisture content increased 9.00 to 11.00 percent at the cylinder speed 8.2 rns-1 with 15mm concave clearance. In sunflower, the optimum combination of operating parameters to have minimum seed injury were identified (Table-9). It is clear from the date that 1. At 9.0 percent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 8.2 with concave clearance of 15mm. 2. At 11.0 per cent seed moisture content; cylinder speed should be 1 1.0 ms -l with concave clearances of 15mm. Table LOptimum combination of crops and machine parameter for visible seed damage 95.00 per cent and maximum seed vigour-!, when crops thresh l2V_Axjal_flo}v ccjtljninpshcr_ (Table Removed) *The values of visible seed damage and threshing efficiency are not found within acceptable range at this seed moisture content and all level of machine parameters ** The crop gets chocked in threshing drum due to high moisture content (Table Removed) Table: V. Influence of crop and machine parameters on the performance of threshing on soybean (Table 5 Removed) (Table 6 Removed) Table: Seed Moist ur e Content, (Table 6 Removed) Table: Hnfluenee of crop ami machjnc parameters on the performance of threshing on Sunflower (Table 6 Removed) (Table 7 Removed) Table;: Test conditions for performance evaluation of Axial Flow Seed Thresher (Table 6 Removed) WE CLAIM: 1. An axial flow seed thresher comprising: (a) a feeding hoper (26) provided with a fixed comb (27), a feeding anger (28), two grooved two step pulleys (29), a bearing housing (30), N-belt (31), a feeding shaft (32), two V-grooved pulley (33), two V-grooved two-step pulley (34), two V-grooved two step pulley (35) and a main shaft (36); (b) a threshing assembly (5) comprising a threshing cylinder (44) and concave (47) wherein said threshing cylinder is provided with 8 nos. of rasp bars (40) and wherein concave is designed to fit at the bottom of threshing cylinder and has six grate opening os size between 3mm to 16mm and wherein further concave mounting is adapted to be lowered or raised to provide a clearance of 3 to 20mm and wherein further top cover (37) with plurality of louvers (38) is provided as a top casing of the said cylinder; (c) a separating unit (42) comprising a separator cylinder provided with a separating metallic grate fixed at the bottom of cylinder; (d) a straw throwing unit (41) comprising of at least four number of throwers wherein said threshing cylinder, said throwing unit and said separating unit are mounted on the same rotary shaft; (e) a belt conveyer (49) passing over tread roller (17) on one end and over V-pulley (19) at the other end; (f) an aspirator (6) having four number of blades is provided on the right side of the said straw throwing unit; (g) a blower (7) having four fins equipped on a flywheel (55); (h) a rear blower (63) having four adjustable fan opening blades (62) and a pulley (64) adapted to provide transmission to the said rear blower; (i) a metallic frame (23) over which the overall assembly of the axial flow thrasher is mounted, the frame itself being mounted on a metallic stand (22) provided with a pair of wheels (25); (j) transmission on system comprising of two driven v-grooved 3-step pulley (1) on a shaft (8) for aspirator/ blower three driven v-grooved three-step pulley for threshing cylinder mounted on a rotary shaft (4), two driver v-grooved three-step pulley for aspirator/blower and three drover v-grooved 3-step pulley for threshing cylinder, v-belt (9) passing over the driven pulley (10), driver pulley (13) and v-belt (10) passing over the driven pulley (3) and driver pulley(14), a gear box (15) connected at one end to cleaning sieve and at other end to belt conveyor. A chain (16) passing over said tread roller (17) on one side and said gear box at the other side;

Documents:

1343-del-2006-abstract.pdf

1343-DEL-2006-Claims-(29-06-2012).pdf

1343-del-2006-claims.pdf

1343-del-2006-Correspondence Others-(22-04-2014).pdf

1343-DEL-2006-Correspondence Others-(29-06-2012).pdf

1343-del-2006-Correspondence-others-(21-03-2014).pdf

1343-del-2006-correspondence-others.pdf

1343-del-2006-description (complete).pdf

1343-del-2006-drawings.pdf

1343-del-2006-form-1.pdf

1343-del-2006-form-2.pdf

1343-del-2006-Form-3-(22-04-2014).pdf

1343-del-2006-GPA-(21-03-2014).pdf

1343-del-2006-gpa.pdf

1343-del-2006-Petition-137-(22-04-2014).pdf

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