Title of Invention | "AN END WINDING VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM TO DETECT POSSIBLE SOURCE OF FAULT IN THE STATOR WINDINGS OF GENERATORS OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS" |
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Abstract | In the invented on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration monitoring system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive piezo-electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration into electrical signal. The electrical signal is conditioned in the input signal conditioning amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal processing through DAS interface computer. This DAS interface translates conditioned analog signals into digital ones for processing. The digitally processed signal using specially developed software displays the final vibration signal magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend over a period of time. |
Full Text | 2 FIELD OF INVENTION The Invention relates to on-line continuous DSP based stator end winding vibration monitoring system of generators and more particularly a method for processing of electrical signal and conversion in to vibration signal to display in various formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend over a period of time. BACK GROUND OF THE INVENTION Presently multi-channel winding vibration monitoring systems in industry use hardware based signal processing which involves sensing of vibration signals by vibration transducers which are conditioned, amplified and filtered using RC circuits and active amplifiers for noise elimination, double integrated using multistage Integrating amplifiers, attenuators, tuned for getting vibration of required frequencies, displays, signal level settings, comparators for alarm signal outputs, amplfiers/attenuators for recording signal output dedicated front panel controls, number of calibration presets/ control knobs/ switches etc. Such processed and conditioned signal for 3 each channel is then fed in to PC based acquisition system where it is converted in to digital form. The whole process in its Implementation used hardware circuits on PCBs in prior art which are eliminated in present invention by software 81 interface cards integrated in the PCs. The object of the present Invention is to provide a simple, compact and cost effective means for on-line continuous stator end winding vibration monitoring system for generators. Other object of the Invention is to provide a state at the art on line continuous stator end winding vibration monitoring system using on board software end hardware available in normal desk top PC with common configuration. 4 Another object of the Invention is to eliminate large amount of hardware circuit and processes and Implement condtioned signal digitally. Further object of the Invention is to provide a number of features and options in an integrated manner in one compact form. Yet another object of the Invention is to provide compact multiplexed channels instead of independent channels to reduce electronics hardware requirement. Aiso the object of the invention is to eliminate frequent calibration of large number of hardware components as in the prior art. Still another object of the invention te to eliminate electromagnetic and electric noise signals during vibration monitoring. 5 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Block diagram as shown in Fig 2 illustrates winding vibration monitoring system of prior art using extensive hardware circuit for signal processing and also computer and software for frequency analysis, data storage, trend monitoring, and plotting. Block diagram as shown in Fig 3 illustrates the end winding vibration monitoring system according to present invention using high speed signal sampling and digital signal processing with minimum of hardware circuit. Most of the signal processing has been achieved using DAS software for continuous online data display, frequency analysis, data storage and trend monitoring / plotting using on board software and hardware In normal PC with common configuration having ISA/PCI interface slots and interrupt driven DMA memory access. 6 Basically, the system comprises of ptezo-electric accelerometers (1), low noise signal cables from accelerometer to charge amplifiers installed in control panel in control room (over a distance of about 100 meters) (2), charge amplifiers cum, multichannel signal conditioner (3), multiplexed data acquisition interface/Das CARDS (4), computer/ Digital signal processing software/operating system software/plotter monitor/printer/mass storage device (5) as illustrated in Fig. 1A. Measuring points/ Locations of pick-ups for vibration, and routing of cables have been selected so as to allow safe and reliable vibration measurement in both directions viz radial & axial of both turbine & exciter end of a generator. Schematic location of instruments and layout have been illustrated in Fig IB wherein P1 to P12 show twelve nos. of pick ups Installed in stator winding overhang of generator. Pick-ups P1 to P6 are installed at the turbine end of generator on bar nos. 21,1 & 41 (corresponding to slot numbers in the stator core) such that 7 pick-up P1 senses vibration in radial direction at bar no 21 and P2 senses vibration in tangential direction at bar 21 as shown in FIg- 1B. Pick-ups P7 to P12 are installed at the exciter end of generator on bar nos. 22, 2 and 42 (corresponding to slot nos. in the stator core) such that pick up P7 senses vibration In radial direction at bar no. 22 and P12 senses vibration in tangential direction at bar no. 22. Cables P1 to P12 from all pick ups from turbine and exciter end are routed carefully inside generator and taken out from two air tight flanges and through field cabling to charge amplifiers cum signal conditioners to DAS cards inside the PC in the panel at the control room. In this system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive piezo- electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration in to electrical signal and the electrical signal is conditioned In Input signal conditioning amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal processing through DAS Interface computer. This DAS interface translates conditioned analog signals into digital ones for computer processing. The digitally processed signal using specially developed software, displays the final vibration signal 8 magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend over a period of time, schematic lay out and flow diagram of which is shown in Fig 1A & IB. By digital processing of the vibration signals from the extremely noisy and complex mixture of vibration frequency, vibration signals of 100 Hz frequency are detected, stored and displayed for magnitude and trend monitoring of vibration signal and assess the electrical and mechanical condition of winding with simultaneous data acquisition/ measurement at different measuring points when it is possible to locate possible source of faults. Typical plot of trend of winding vibration over a period of 256 minutes, pertaining to 100 Hz frequency has been shown in Fig 4. As a part of the inventive feature, the DAS Interface circuit translates conditioned analog signals into digital ones by high speed sequential sampling at definite sampling speed, for all 12 channels in the form 9 useable for direct digital signal processing in DSP software. The digitally processed signal using specially developed software i.e Fast Fourier transform (FFT) for frequency analysis for all the 12 channels get digital process signals for respective frequencies and obtain finally vibration signal magnitudes in different modes like displacement velocity or acceleration as shown in Fig 4. The DAS system carries out tasks of signal data storage and retrieval, post processing and trend plotting in the same signal processing hardware and software which is available on board in desk top PC with normal configuration eliminating need of additional PC hardware and software as also meets the requirement of signal interfacing. The system also provides features of alarm/ warning signal for detection providing channel wise alarm/warning status displayed on the computer screen, in the form of LED displays on relay driver cards. 10 Integration of complete system as such In single location stand alone system makes it easy to handle as shown in Fig 5. The PC based system and its software in conjunction with minimum Interface circuit provides standard analog signal outputs, for 12 channels, to be connected to central digital data acquisition/ processing system, which does not require any additional hardware for converting indicated/ measured data in to suitable standard analog output signal. PC used in the system is normal desktop type with common configuration having ISA/PCI interface slots and DMA memory access. This invention eliminates need of substantial hardware and as such minimizes noise signal and signal processing errors improving reliability of measurement. 11 FIG.l. A illustrates Block Diagram of digital vibration monitoring system FIG.l. B illustrates schematic lay out of pick-ups (Accelerometers) and signal flow diagram. FIG.2. illustrates on-line continuous stators end-winding vibration monitoring system (Prior/Existing Art) FIG.3. Illustrates on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration monitoring system (Proposed Invention) FIG.4. typical plot of the trend of winding vibration over a period of 256 minutes 12 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the invented on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration monitoring system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive piezo-electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration into electrical signal. The electrical signal is conditioned in the input signal conditioning amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal processing through DAS interface computer. This DAS interface translates conditioned analog signals into digital ones for processing. The digitally processed signal using specially developed software displays the final vibration signal magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend over a period of time. 13 WE CLAIM 1) An ON-LINE CONTINUOUS DSP based stator end wincing vibration monitoring system for generators comprising : a) ptezo - electric type accderometers (1) to sense the mechanical vibration of generator winding b) low noise signal transmitting cable (2) c) charge signal conditioning amplifier (3) d) data acquisition multiplexer /DAS cards (4) e) computer with in-built DSP software, operating system software along with display unit for plotter, monitor, printer, master storage device etc. (5) 2) A system as claimed in claim (1), wherein a circuit for high speed sequential sampling of analog vibration signal for 12 channels and their analog to digital conversion is used for direct digital signal processing which adapts ISA/PCI based data acquisition card, DMA data transfer and software installed in desktop PC with normal 14 configuration having ISA/PCI interface slots and interrupt driven DMA memory access. 3) A system as claimed in claim (1) and claim (2) a circuit comprising on board PC software and hardware incorporated in a desktop PC with normal configuration having ISA/PCI Interface slots and Interrupt driven DMA memory access for signal processing of Incoming vibration signal proportional to acceleration in to displacement by double integration in software eliminating extensive circuit for each channel for filtering, integrating, signal amplification, scaling and also minimizing noise signal and signal processing errors due to over loading. 15 5) The system as claimed in claims (1), (2), (3) and (4), wherein the process of signal data storage, retrieval, post processing, auto scaling trend plotting is carried-out in the same signal processing hardware and software which is incorporated in the on board desktop PC with normal configuration. 6) The system as claimed in claim (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5), wherein the processing of frequency analysis of end winding vibration signal and conversion to required frequency components is carried-out in the desktop PC with normal configuration. 7) The system as claimed in claim (1), wherein the means for displaying trend of processed vibration data, on PC monitor in a specific format is incorporated in desktop PC with normal configuration. 8) The system as claimed in claim (1), comprising means for alarm/warning signal/providing channel wise alarm displayed on computer, in the form of LED displays on relay driver cards and TTL 16 digital driver signal output for direct driving of relays using on board PC software and hardware with normal configuration. 9) An on-line continuous DSP based stator end winding vibration monitoring system for generator as substantially described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the invented on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration monitoring system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive piezo-electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration into electrical signal. The electrical signal is conditioned in the input signal conditioning amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal processing through DAS interface computer. This DAS interface translates conditioned analog signals into digital ones for processing. The digitally processed signal using specially developed software displays the final vibration signal magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend over a period of time. |
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00506-kol-2007-correspondence others 1.1.pdf
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506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-OTHERS.pdf
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506-KOL-2007-(14-08-2014)-ABSTRACT.pdf
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506-kol-2007-CORRESPONDENCE-1.1.pdf
506-KOL-2007-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf
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506-kol-2007-GRANTED-ABSTRACT.pdf
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506-kol-2007-GRANTED-LETTER PATENT.pdf
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Patent Number | 262716 | ||||||||
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Indian Patent Application Number | 506/KOL/2007 | ||||||||
PG Journal Number | 37/2014 | ||||||||
Publication Date | 12-Sep-2014 | ||||||||
Grant Date | 08-Sep-2014 | ||||||||
Date of Filing | 29-Mar-2007 | ||||||||
Name of Patentee | BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED | ||||||||
Applicant Address | REGIONAL OPERATIONS DIVISION (ROD), PLOT NO: 9/1, DJ BLOCK 3RD FLOOR, KARUNAMOYEE, SALT LAKE CITY, KOLKATA - 700091, BHEL HOUSE, SIRI FORT, NEW DELHI - 110049 | ||||||||
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PCT International Classification Number | G01M 7/00 | ||||||||
PCT International Application Number | N/A | ||||||||
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