Title of Invention

"AN END WINDING VIBRATION MONITORING SYSTEM TO DETECT POSSIBLE SOURCE OF FAULT IN THE STATOR WINDINGS OF GENERATORS OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS"

Abstract In the invented on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration monitoring system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive piezo-electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration into electrical signal. The electrical signal is conditioned in the input signal conditioning amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal processing through DAS interface computer. This DAS interface translates conditioned analog signals into digital ones for processing. The digitally processed signal using specially developed software displays the final vibration signal magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend over a period of time.
Full Text 2
FIELD OF INVENTION
The Invention relates to on-line continuous DSP based stator end winding
vibration monitoring system of generators and more particularly a method
for processing of electrical signal and conversion in to vibration signal to
display in various formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend over a
period of time.
BACK GROUND OF THE INVENTION
Presently multi-channel winding vibration monitoring systems in industry
use hardware based signal processing which involves sensing of vibration
signals by vibration transducers which are conditioned, amplified and
filtered using RC circuits and active amplifiers for noise elimination, double
integrated using multistage Integrating amplifiers, attenuators, tuned for
getting vibration of required frequencies, displays, signal level settings,
comparators for alarm signal outputs, amplfiers/attenuators for recording
signal output dedicated front panel controls, number of calibration presets/
control knobs/ switches etc. Such processed and conditioned signal for

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each channel is then fed in to PC based acquisition system where it is
converted in to digital form.
The whole process in its Implementation used hardware circuits on PCBs in
prior art which are eliminated in present invention by software 81 interface
cards integrated in the PCs.
The object of the present Invention is to provide a simple,
compact and cost effective means for on-line continuous stator
end winding vibration monitoring system for generators.
Other object of the Invention is to provide a state at the art on line
continuous stator end winding vibration monitoring system using
on board software end hardware available in normal desk top PC
with common configuration.

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Another object of the Invention is to eliminate large amount of
hardware circuit and processes and Implement condtioned signal
digitally.
Further object of the Invention is to provide a number of features
and options in an integrated manner in one compact form.
Yet another object of the Invention is to provide compact
multiplexed channels instead of independent channels to reduce
electronics hardware requirement.
Aiso the object of the invention is to eliminate frequent calibration
of large number of hardware components as in the prior art.
Still another object of the invention te to eliminate electromagnetic
and electric noise signals during vibration monitoring.

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF
THE INVENTION
Block diagram as shown in Fig 2 illustrates winding vibration monitoring
system of prior art using extensive hardware circuit for signal processing
and also computer and software for frequency analysis, data storage, trend
monitoring, and plotting.
Block diagram as shown in Fig 3 illustrates the end winding vibration
monitoring system according to present invention using high speed signal
sampling and digital signal processing with minimum of hardware circuit.
Most of the signal processing has been achieved using DAS software for
continuous online data display, frequency analysis, data storage and trend
monitoring / plotting using on board software and hardware In normal PC
with common configuration having ISA/PCI interface slots and interrupt
driven DMA memory access.

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Basically, the system comprises of ptezo-electric accelerometers (1), low
noise signal cables from accelerometer to charge amplifiers installed in
control panel in control room (over a distance of about 100 meters) (2),
charge amplifiers cum, multichannel signal conditioner (3), multiplexed
data acquisition interface/Das CARDS (4), computer/ Digital signal
processing software/operating system software/plotter
monitor/printer/mass storage device (5) as illustrated in Fig. 1A.
Measuring points/ Locations of pick-ups for vibration, and routing of cables
have been selected so as to allow safe and reliable vibration measurement
in both directions viz radial & axial of both turbine & exciter end of a
generator.
Schematic location of instruments and layout have been illustrated in Fig
IB wherein P1 to P12 show twelve nos. of pick ups Installed in stator
winding overhang of generator.
Pick-ups P1 to P6 are installed at the turbine end of generator on bar nos.
21,1 & 41 (corresponding to slot numbers in the stator core) such that

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pick-up P1 senses vibration in radial direction at bar no 21 and P2
senses vibration in tangential direction at bar 21 as shown in FIg- 1B.
Pick-ups P7 to P12 are installed at the exciter end of generator on bar nos.
22, 2 and 42 (corresponding to slot nos. in the stator core) such that pick
up P7 senses vibration In radial direction at bar no. 22 and P12 senses
vibration in tangential direction at bar no. 22. Cables P1 to P12 from all pick
ups from turbine and exciter end are routed carefully inside generator and
taken out from two air tight flanges and through field cabling to charge
amplifiers cum signal conditioners to DAS cards inside the PC in the panel
at the control room.
In this system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive piezo-
electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration in to electrical
signal and the electrical signal is conditioned In Input signal conditioning
amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal processing through
DAS Interface computer. This DAS interface translates conditioned analog
signals into digital ones for computer processing. The digitally processed
signal using specially developed software, displays the final vibration signal

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magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical plot of a trend
over a period of time, schematic lay out and flow diagram of which is
shown in Fig 1A & IB.
By digital processing of the vibration signals from the extremely noisy and
complex mixture of vibration frequency, vibration signals of 100 Hz
frequency are detected, stored and displayed for magnitude and trend
monitoring of vibration signal and assess the electrical and mechanical
condition of winding with simultaneous data acquisition/ measurement at
different measuring points when it is possible to locate possible source of
faults.
Typical plot of trend of winding vibration over a period of 256 minutes,
pertaining to 100 Hz frequency has been shown in Fig 4.
As a part of the inventive feature, the DAS Interface circuit translates
conditioned analog signals into digital ones by high speed sequential
sampling at definite sampling speed, for all 12 channels in the form

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useable for direct digital signal processing in DSP software. The digitally
processed signal using specially developed software i.e Fast Fourier
transform (FFT) for frequency analysis for all the 12 channels get digital
process signals for respective frequencies and obtain finally vibration signal
magnitudes in different modes like displacement velocity or acceleration as
shown in Fig 4.
The DAS system carries out tasks of signal data storage and retrieval, post
processing and trend plotting in the same signal processing hardware and
software which is available on board in desk top PC with normal
configuration eliminating need of additional PC hardware and software as
also meets the requirement of signal interfacing.
The system also provides features of alarm/ warning signal for detection
providing channel wise alarm/warning status displayed on the computer
screen, in the form of LED displays on relay driver cards.

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Integration of complete system as such In single location stand alone
system makes it easy to handle as shown in Fig 5.
The PC based system and its software in conjunction with minimum
Interface circuit provides standard analog signal outputs, for 12 channels,
to be connected to central digital data acquisition/ processing system,
which does not require any additional hardware for converting indicated/
measured data in to suitable standard analog output signal.
PC used in the system is normal desktop type with common configuration
having ISA/PCI interface slots and DMA memory access.
This invention eliminates need of substantial hardware and as such
minimizes noise signal and signal processing errors improving reliability of
measurement.

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FIG.l. A illustrates Block Diagram of digital vibration monitoring system
FIG.l. B illustrates schematic lay out of pick-ups (Accelerometers) and
signal flow diagram.
FIG.2. illustrates on-line continuous stators end-winding vibration
monitoring system (Prior/Existing Art)
FIG.3. Illustrates on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration
monitoring system (Proposed Invention)
FIG.4. typical plot of the trend of winding vibration over a period of 256
minutes

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In the invented on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration
monitoring system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive
piezo-electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration into
electrical signal. The electrical signal is conditioned in the input signal
conditioning amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal
processing through DAS interface computer. This DAS interface translates
conditioned analog signals into digital ones for processing. The digitally
processed signal using specially developed software displays the final
vibration signal magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical
plot of a trend over a period of time.

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WE CLAIM
1) An ON-LINE CONTINUOUS DSP based stator end wincing vibration
monitoring system for generators comprising :
a) ptezo - electric type accderometers (1) to sense the
mechanical vibration of generator winding
b) low noise signal transmitting cable (2)
c) charge signal conditioning amplifier (3)
d) data acquisition multiplexer /DAS cards (4)
e) computer with in-built DSP software, operating system software
along with display unit for plotter, monitor, printer, master
storage device etc. (5)
2) A system as claimed in claim (1), wherein a circuit for high speed
sequential sampling of analog vibration signal for 12 channels and
their analog to digital conversion is used for direct digital signal
processing which adapts ISA/PCI based data acquisition card, DMA
data transfer and software installed in desktop PC with normal

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configuration having ISA/PCI interface slots and interrupt driven DMA
memory access.
3) A system as claimed in claim (1) and claim (2) a circuit comprising on
board PC software and hardware incorporated in a desktop PC with
normal configuration having ISA/PCI Interface slots and Interrupt
driven DMA memory access for signal processing of Incoming
vibration signal proportional to acceleration in to displacement by
double integration in software eliminating extensive circuit for each
channel for filtering, integrating, signal amplification, scaling and also
minimizing noise signal and signal processing errors due to over
loading.

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5) The system as claimed in claims (1), (2), (3) and (4), wherein the
process of signal data storage, retrieval, post processing, auto scaling
trend plotting is carried-out in the same signal processing hardware
and software which is incorporated in the on board desktop PC with
normal configuration.
6) The system as claimed in claim (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5), wherein the
processing of frequency analysis of end winding vibration signal and
conversion to required frequency components is carried-out in the
desktop PC with normal configuration.
7) The system as claimed in claim (1), wherein the means for displaying
trend of processed vibration data, on PC monitor in a specific format
is incorporated in desktop PC with normal configuration.
8) The system as claimed in claim (1), comprising means for
alarm/warning signal/providing channel wise alarm displayed on
computer, in the form of LED displays on relay driver cards and TTL

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digital driver signal output for direct driving of relays using on board PC
software and hardware with normal configuration.
9) An on-line continuous DSP based stator end winding vibration
monitoring system for generator as substantially described herein
with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the invented on-line continuous DSP based stator end-winding vibration
monitoring system basically the vibrations are sensed by highly sensitive
piezo-electric transducers which convert the mechanical vibration into
electrical signal. The electrical signal is conditioned in the input signal
conditioning amplifier and then fed to the computer for digital signal
processing through DAS interface computer. This DAS interface translates
conditioned analog signals into digital ones for processing. The digitally
processed signal using specially developed software displays the final
vibration signal magnitudes in different formats like tabulation or graphical
plot of a trend over a period of time.




Documents:

00506-kol-2007-claims.pdf

00506-kol-2007-correspondence others 1.1.pdf

00506-kol-2007-correspondence others.pdf

00506-kol-2007-description complete.pdf

00506-kol-2007-drawings.pdf

00506-kol-2007-form 1.pdf

00506-kol-2007-form 18.pdf

00506-kol-2007-form 2.pdf

00506-kol-2007-form 3.pdf

00506-kol-2007-gpa.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-10-2012)-ABSTRACT.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-10-2012)-CLAIMS.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-10-2012)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-10-2012)-FORM-1.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-10-2012)-FORM-13.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-10-2012)-FORM-2.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-10-2012)-FORM-5.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-11-2013)-CLAIMS.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-11-2013)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-11-2013)-FORM-1.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-11-2013)-FORM-3.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-11-2013)-FORM-5.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(01-11-2013)-GPA.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-ABSTRACT.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-AMANDED CLAIMS.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-DRAWINGS.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-EXAMINATION REPORT REPLY RECEIVED-1.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-EXAMINATION REPORT REPLY RECIEVED.PDF

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-FORM-1.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-FORM-13.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-FORM-2.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-FORM-5.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-01-2012)-OTHERS.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(09-07-2012)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(14-08-2014)-ABSTRACT.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(14-08-2014)-CLAIMS.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(14-08-2014)-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(14-08-2014)-FORM-1.pdf

506-KOL-2007-(14-08-2014)-FORM-2.pdf

506-kol-2007-CANCELLED PAGES.pdf

506-kol-2007-CORRESPONDENCE-1.1.pdf

506-KOL-2007-CORRESPONDENCE.pdf

506-kol-2007-DECISION.pdf

506-kol-2007-EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf

506-kol-2007-FORM 13.pdf

506-kol-2007-FORM 18.pdf

506-kol-2007-GPA.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-ABSTRACT.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-CLAIMS.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-DESCRIPTION (COMPLETE).pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-DRAWINGS.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-FORM 1.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-FORM 2.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-FORM 3.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-FORM 5.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-LETTER PATENT.pdf

506-kol-2007-GRANTED-SPECIFICATION-COMPLETE.pdf

506-kol-2007-REPLY TO EXAMINATION REPORT.pdf


Patent Number 262716
Indian Patent Application Number 506/KOL/2007
PG Journal Number 37/2014
Publication Date 12-Sep-2014
Grant Date 08-Sep-2014
Date of Filing 29-Mar-2007
Name of Patentee BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED
Applicant Address REGIONAL OPERATIONS DIVISION (ROD), PLOT NO: 9/1, DJ BLOCK 3RD FLOOR, KARUNAMOYEE, SALT LAKE CITY, KOLKATA - 700091, BHEL HOUSE, SIRI FORT, NEW DELHI - 110049
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 PRADIP JIVRAJ BAGAWADE IS&GRI / CPL BUILDING, B H E L (HEEP) HARIDWAR, 249403
PCT International Classification Number G01M 7/00
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA