Title of Invention	A METHOD OF SURFACE PREPARATION ON A MEMBER BY DEPOSITING SIMILAR OR DISSMLLAR MATERIALS USING A FRICTIONAL HEAT GENERATED BETWEEN TWO RELATIVELY MOVING SURFACES UNDER APPLIED PRESSURE
Abstract	A method of surface preparation on a member (4), by depositing similar or dissimilar materials using a friction heat generatable between two relatively moving surfaces under applied pressure, the method comprising the steps of: - creating a groove (5) by machining in a material; - providing a strip material (3) in the groove (5); - providing a rotatable tool (1) having a shoulder (6) and a pin (2); providing a member (4) to be surfaced, wherein the pin (2) of the tool (1) while rotating pierces the strip (3) to touch base material the thereby generating frictional heat to plasticise the material having lower plasticising temperature.

Title of Invention

A METHOD OF SURFACE PREPARATION ON A MEMBER BY DEPOSITING SIMILAR OR DISSMLLAR MATERIALS USING A FRICTIONAL HEAT GENERATED BETWEEN TWO RELATIVELY MOVING SURFACES UNDER APPLIED PRESSURE

Abstract

A method of surface preparation on a member (4), by depositing similar or dissimilar materials using a friction heat generatable between two relatively moving surfaces under applied pressure, the method comprising the steps of: - creating a groove (5) by machining in a material; - providing a strip material (3) in the groove (5); - providing a rotatable tool (1) having a shoulder (6) and a pin (2); providing a member (4) to be surfaced, wherein the pin (2) of the tool (1) while rotating pierces the strip (3) to touch base material the thereby generating frictional heat to plasticise the material having lower plasticising temperature.

Full Text	FIELD OF INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of surface deposition using frictonal heat and filler metal in the form of strips. The invention relates more particularly to a method of surfacing a base material by creating a weld deposit using a filler similar / dissimilar material (as compared to the base material) in the form of strips using frictional heat BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Weld surfacing techniques are applied to build up surfaces. The built up surfaces may have the same or different characteristics when compared to the base metal on which the deposit is made. Several arc welding, solid phase welding and spraying technologies have been developed for different applications and -equirements. smaller the thickness of deposit greater is the intricacy of the process of depositing the material. Surfacing is a process in which a material of desired properties like corrosion resistance, effertive conductivity, wear resistance etc. is deposited on another material that is deficient in their properties. In conventional surfacing by arc / gas welding, the heat source melts the base metal and the filler metal and c-eates a weld pool. In this process, the mixing up of the liquid base metal and filler metal results in the dilution of the filler metal. The resulting weld deposit will have properties inferior to that of the filler metal in a single pass. In the siitfacing applications, it is always aimed to achieve a deposit property as near as that of the filler v^/ire properties. When the deposited metal is diluted (physically and hence in their original properties), additional layers of filler metal is further deposited, depending upon the degree of dilution, to improve the properties of deposited layer of weld metal towards that of the pure filler metal. This involves additional cost and time. This is particularly critical if the deposited layer thickness is small. The technology also becomes intricate and will require the employment of sophisticated control systems. Further, the arc/gas welding techniques involve high heat input that generally resulting in distortion of the components and may call for controlled inter pass temperature and post weld heat treatment. Patent No. JP2005014030 discloses a technique wherein a joint is made between the surface of a bottom plate and another top member placed over the plate. A joint is produced by a rotating tool which contacts the surface of the bottom plate and the perpendicular side surface of the top member. Patent No. EP0474455 describes a method of depositing metal by using a consumable rotating tool. The rotating consumable tool Is pressed against the member to be surfaced. In addition to the rotation, the tool is also given motion in the directions perpendicular to and parallel to the surface of the member on wnich metal deposit is being made. None of the prior art discloses a simple, faster and economic process of surface b Jilding which reduces the distortion in components and eliminates post-weld treatment. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION [t is therefore an object of this invention to propose a method of surface preparation on a member using heat generated due to friction between two 'elatively moving parts under pressure, which eliminates the disadvantages of :;he prior art. Another object of the Invention is to propose a method of surface preparation on a member using strip material having identical or different characteristics as that of the base materials for making the requires deposit. /\n yet another object of the invention is to propose a method, which is capable of holding the strip material on the member to be surfaced. A further object of the invention is to propose a method of surface preparation en a member, which creates multi pass surfacing to achieve thicker deposits L sing strip material as the filler. A still further object of the invention is to propose a method of surface preparation on a member, which is capable to achieve thin surface deposit over an wide area by multiple passes adjacent to each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a schematical representation of the operating principle according to tlie present invention. -ig. 2 schematically shows the tack-welding method for retaining the strips of material according to the invention. Rg. 3 shows a roller for holding the strip material in position during an operational sequence according to the invention. DESCRIPTION OF A PREFFERED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION I -ig. 1 indicates the schematic view of the operating principle of the invented method. The method involves use of a strip of material (3), placed in a groove (5) machined on a base metal, to be metallurgically bonded with a member (4) to be surfaced using the friction heat generated between the strip (3) and a rotating tool (1) having a pin (2) at one end. The heat generated by the rotating tool (1) raises the temperature of the strip (3) to its plasticising temperature. 1 he rotating tool further having a shoulder (6), and a pin (2) is plunged into the strip (3) so that the pin (2) pierces into the base metal beyond the strip (3) and tne shoulder (6) of the tool (1) contacts the surface of the strip (3). The entire surface of the tool (1) in contact with the strip (3) and the base metal generates a frictional heat and raise the temperature of the material having relatively lower plastisizing temperature quickly to its plasticising temperature. In a next step, under a pressure applied by the rotating tool (1) and traversing the tool along trie length of the groove (5), a metallurgical bond is created between the strip material (3) and the underlying base metal. Thus, a solid state welding is achieved. The width of he bond depends on the width of the rotating tool (1). Tne surfaces to be joined are suitably cleaned to remove all surface contaminants. This is required to prevent the contaminants from getting trapped in the joint interface. At the end of the weld length the linear travel is stopped and the tool (1) is withdrawn. A run on and run off plate (not shown) can be used to start and terminate the surfacing operation to have a complete length of strip bonding. Alternatively, the strip (3) can be suitably located on the member (4) to be surfaced and retained in that position by a plurality of short staggered tack welds (Fig. 2) at the sides. A third alternative is to use a clamping roll (not shown) ahead of the rotating (1) tool to press the strip (3) in position touching the member (4) to be surfaced. WE CLAIM 1. A method of surface preparation on a member (4), by depositing similar or dissimilar materials using a friction heat generatable between two relatively moving surfaces under applied pressure, the method comprising the steps of: - creating a groove (5) by machining in a material; - providing a strip material (3) in the groove (5); - providing a rotatable tool (1) having a shoulder (6) and a pin (2); - providing a member (4) to be surfaced, wherein the pin (2) of the tool (1) while rotating pierces the strip (3) to touch base material the thereby generating frictional heat to plasticise the material having lower plasticising temperature. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of retaining the strip in a position on the member, comprising: - creating the machined groove (5) so as to be equal to the width of the strip (3); - staggering tack welds at the sides of the strip (3); and - providing a clamping roller with or without a groove to press the strip (3) on top of the member (4) to be surfaced. 3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tool (1) is a non consumable rotating tool with a pin. 4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bond between the strip (3) and the member (4) is achieved via the applied pressure in a plasticised condition of the material generated due to the frictlonal heat. 5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a uniform surface finish with little dilution is achieved. 6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the strip material (3) is selected so as to be similar or dissimilar to that of the member on which the surface preparation is to be made. 7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein variable thickness of the deposit is achievable by varying the strip thickness or employing multi layer deposits. 8. The method as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the method is adaptable on straight, cylindrical and curved surfaces. A method of surface preparation on a member (4), by depositing similar or dissimilar materials using a friction heat generatable between two relatively moving surfaces under applied pressure, the method comprising the steps of: - creating a groove (5) by machining in a material; - providing a strip material (3) in the groove (5); - providing a rotatable tool (1) having a shoulder (6) and a pin (2); providing a member (4) to be surfaced, wherein the pin (2) of the tool (1) while rotating pierces the strip (3) to touch base material the thereby generating frictional heat to plasticise the material having lower plasticising temperature.

Full Text

FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of surface deposition using frictonal
heat and filler metal in the form of strips. The invention relates more particularly
to a method of surfacing a base material by creating a weld deposit using a filler
similar / dissimilar material (as compared to the base material) in the form of
strips using frictional heat
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Weld surfacing techniques are applied to build up surfaces. The built up surfaces
may have the same or different characteristics when compared to the base metal
on which the deposit is made. Several arc welding, solid phase welding and
spraying technologies have been developed for different applications and
-equirements.
smaller the thickness of deposit greater is the intricacy of the process of
depositing the material.
Surfacing is a process in which a material of desired properties like corrosion
resistance, effertive conductivity, wear resistance etc. is deposited on another
material that is deficient in their properties. In conventional surfacing by arc /
gas welding, the heat source melts the base metal and the filler metal and
c-eates a weld pool. In this process, the mixing up of the liquid base metal and
filler metal results in the dilution of the filler metal. The resulting weld deposit
will have properties inferior to that of the filler metal in a single pass. In the
siitfacing applications, it is always aimed to achieve a deposit property as near as
that of the filler v^/ire properties. When the deposited metal is diluted (physically
and hence in their original properties), additional layers of filler metal is further
deposited, depending upon the degree of dilution, to improve the properties of
deposited layer of weld metal towards that of the pure filler metal. This involves
additional cost and time. This is particularly critical if the deposited layer
thickness is small. The technology also becomes intricate and will require the
employment of sophisticated control systems. Further, the arc/gas welding
techniques involve high heat input that generally resulting in distortion of the
components and may call for controlled inter pass temperature and post weld
heat treatment.
Patent No. JP2005014030 discloses a technique wherein a joint is made between
the surface of a bottom plate and another top member placed over the plate. A
joint is produced by a rotating tool which contacts the surface of the bottom
plate and the perpendicular side surface of the top member.
Patent No. EP0474455 describes a method of depositing metal by using a
consumable rotating tool. The rotating consumable tool Is pressed against the
member to be surfaced. In addition to the rotation, the tool is also given motion
in the directions perpendicular to and parallel to the surface of the member on
wnich metal deposit is being made.
None of the prior art discloses a simple, faster and economic process of surface
b Jilding which reduces the distortion in components and eliminates post-weld
treatment.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[t is therefore an object of this invention to propose a method of surface
preparation on a member using heat generated due to friction between two
'elatively moving parts under pressure, which eliminates the disadvantages of
:;he prior art.
Another object of the Invention is to propose a method of surface preparation on
a member using strip material having identical or different characteristics as that
of the base materials for making the requires deposit.
/\n yet another object of the invention is to propose a method, which is capable
of holding the strip material on the member to be surfaced.
A further object of the invention is to propose a method of surface preparation
en a member, which creates multi pass surfacing to achieve thicker deposits
L sing strip material as the filler.
A still further object of the invention is to propose a method of surface
preparation on a member, which is capable to achieve thin surface deposit over
an wide area by multiple passes adjacent to each other.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 shows a schematical representation of the operating principle according to
tlie present invention.
-ig. 2 schematically shows the tack-welding method for retaining the strips of
material according to the invention.
Rg. 3 shows a roller for holding the strip material in position during an
operational sequence according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFFERED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
I -ig. 1 indicates the schematic view of the operating principle of the invented
method. The method involves use of a strip of material (3), placed in a groove
(5) machined on a base metal, to be metallurgically bonded with a member (4)
to be surfaced using the friction heat generated between the strip (3) and a
rotating tool (1) having a pin (2) at one end. The heat generated by the rotating
tool (1) raises the temperature of the strip (3) to its plasticising temperature.
1 he rotating tool further having a shoulder (6), and a pin (2) is plunged into the
strip (3) so that the pin (2) pierces into the base metal beyond the strip (3) and
tne shoulder (6) of the tool (1) contacts the surface of the strip (3). The entire
surface of the tool (1) in contact with the strip (3) and the base metal generates
a frictional heat and raise the temperature of the material having relatively lower
plastisizing temperature quickly to its plasticising temperature. In a next step,
under a pressure applied by the rotating tool (1) and traversing the tool along
trie length of the groove (5), a metallurgical bond is created between the strip
material (3) and the underlying base metal. Thus, a solid state welding is
achieved. The width of he bond depends on the width of the rotating tool (1).
Tne surfaces to be joined are suitably cleaned to remove all surface
contaminants. This is required to prevent the contaminants from getting trapped
in the joint interface.
At the end of the weld length the linear travel is stopped and the tool (1) is
withdrawn. A run on and run off plate (not shown) can be used to start and
terminate the surfacing operation to have a complete length of strip bonding.
Alternatively, the strip (3) can be suitably located on the member (4) to be
surfaced and retained in that position by a plurality of short staggered tack welds
(Fig. 2) at the sides. A third alternative is to use a clamping roll (not shown)
ahead of the rotating (1) tool to press the strip (3) in position touching the
member (4) to be surfaced.
WE CLAIM
1. A method of surface preparation on a member (4), by depositing similar
or dissimilar materials using a friction heat generatable between two
relatively moving surfaces under applied pressure, the method comprising
the steps of:
- creating a groove (5) by machining in a material;
- providing a strip material (3) in the groove (5);
- providing a rotatable tool (1) having a shoulder (6) and a pin (2);
- providing a member (4) to be surfaced, wherein the pin (2) of the
tool (1) while rotating pierces the strip (3) to touch base material
the thereby generating frictional heat to plasticise the material
having lower plasticising temperature.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of retaining the strip
in a position on the member, comprising:
- creating the machined groove (5) so as to be equal to the width of
the strip (3);
- staggering tack welds at the sides of the strip (3); and
- providing a clamping roller with or without a groove to press the
strip (3) on top of the member (4) to be surfaced.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tool (1) is a non
consumable rotating tool with a pin.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bond between the strip (3)
and the member (4) is achieved via the applied pressure in a plasticised
condition of the material generated due to the frictlonal heat.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a uniform surface finish with
little dilution is achieved.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the strip material (3) is
selected so as to be similar or dissimilar to that of the member on which
the surface preparation is to be made.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein variable thickness of the
deposit is achievable by varying the strip thickness or employing multi
layer deposits.
8. The method as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the
method is adaptable on straight, cylindrical and curved surfaces.

A method of surface preparation on a member (4), by depositing similar
or dissimilar materials using a friction heat generatable between two
relatively moving surfaces under applied pressure, the method comprising
the steps of:
- creating a groove (5) by machining in a material;
- providing a strip material (3) in the groove (5);
- providing a rotatable tool (1) having a shoulder (6) and a pin (2);
providing a member (4) to be surfaced, wherein the pin (2) of the
tool (1) while rotating pierces the strip (3) to touch base material
the thereby generating frictional heat to plasticise the material
having lower plasticising temperature.

Documents:

http://ipindiaonline.gov.in/patentsearch/GrantedSearch/viewdoc.aspx?id=MbOOM/uH+ThNxwMuRGFmxQ==&loc=wDBSZCsAt7zoiVrqcFJsRw==

« Previous Patent

Next Patent »

Patent Number

268449

Indian Patent Application Number

231/KOL/2006

PG Journal Number

36/2015

Publication Date

04-Sep-2015

Grant Date

31-Aug-2015

Date of Filing

20-Mar-2006

Name of Patentee

BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED

Applicant Address

REGIONAL OPERATIONS DIVISION (ROD), PLOT NO: 9/1, DJBLOCK 3RD FLOOR, KARUNAMOYEE, SALT LAKE CITY, KOLKATA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	KRISHNASWAMY PADMANABAN	WELDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE, BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI-620 014
2	GANAPATHY UMASHANKER	WELDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED TIRUCHIRAPALLI-620014,TAMILNADU,INDIA

PCT International Classification Number

B23K 9/04

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA