Title of Invention

ORAL COMPOSITIONS OF DIACEREIN OR SALTS THEREOF

Abstract The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such compositions. The composition of the present invention may exhibit improved bioavailability along with reduced undesirable side effects.
Full Text FORM 2
THE PATENT ACT 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule13)
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
ORAL COMPOSITIONS OF DIACEREIN OR SALTS THEREOF
2. APPLICANT (S)
(a) NAME: WOCKHARDT LTD.
(b) NATIONALITY: INDIAN
(c) ADDRESS: Wockhardt Limited, D-4, MIDC, Chikalthana,
Aurangabad (M.S.) INDIA.
3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

4. Description
The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutical^ acceptable excipients.
Rhein, (Formula I), is chemically 9,10-dihydro-4, 5-dihydroxy-9, 10-dioxo-2-anthracene carboxylic acid and diacerein, (Formula II), is chemically 4,5-bis (acetyloxy) 9,10-dihydro-4, 5-dihydroxy-9, 10-dioxo-2-anthracenecarboxylic acid. Diacerein is used particularly in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Diacerein has a unique mode of action that differentiates it from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other conventional forms of drug therapy. It has a melting point of 217-218°C. It has a molecular weight of 368.29 and molecular formula is C19H12O8.













Diacerein is practically insoluble in the solvents compatible with a pharmaceutical use, such as water, alcohols, acetone, dichloromethane and chloroform. Further, diacerein can be administered by oral route but it cannot be completely absorbed by the digestive tract, and this incomplete absorption may result in undesirable side effects such as laxatives effects.
In order to overcome these problems, various derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions and specific galenic forms have been proposed in the literature. For example, European patent EP 243,968 describes a diacerein potassium salt, which is water-soluble and can be used in the preparation of compositions for parenteral administration.
Besides, it is known that the solubility and/or wettability of a substance can be improved by treatment with a surface-active agent, which results in promoting the bioavailability of the active principle.
It is also known that the grinding of active principles in the presence of certain water-soluble polymers improves the solubility and the bioavailability of the product (Yamamoto et al., J. Pharm. Sci. (1976) 65, p. 1484-88).
There are various patents/applications, which describe pharmaceutical compositions of diacerein. For example, EP243968B1 provides parenteral preparations of diacerein salts.
US Patent No 6,124,358 and European Patent No EP904060B1 provides pharmaceutical composition comprising co-micronized rhein or diacerein, with sodium lauryl sulfate.
Although it is possible to improve the bioavailability of diacerein by comicronization, as described in EP 904061B1; US 6,124,358, it is still desirable to develop new formulations or new compositions likely to further improve the


bioavailability, and it might be possible to use the dissolution kinetics of diacerein.
US Patent No 5,149,542 (EP263083B1), 4,861,599 (EP 264989B1) and 5,275,824 (EP 446753B1) provides controlled release or delayed release compositions.
US Patent No 5,225,192 (EP 364944B1) and 5,569,469 describe different poorly soluble medicaments supported on polymer substances.
US Patent No 5,952,383 and European Patent No EP 862423B1 provides pharmaceutical compositions of diacerein, rhein and their salts along with excipients.
The present inventors while working on the diacerein formulation have surprisingly found when diacerein having D90 particle size of 20 microns is used; it leads to significant increase in solubility of diacerein leading to increased percent drug release of diacerein as compared to Art 50 (Marketed formulation of diacerein). Art 50 releases about 14% of diacerein in 60 minutes, whereas pharmaceutical composition of the present invention releases about 100% of diacerein in 30 minutes. This may lead to increased bioavailability. The increased bioavailability may further lead to reduction in side effects i.e. soft stools.
The term "D90 particle size of 20 microns" as used herein refers to particle size distribution wherein at least 90% of particles have size less than 20 microns.
One of the aspects of the present invention provides rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.


In another aspect of the present invention there is provided a process of making rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns, which process comprises of dispersing rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof in liquid dispersion medium and wet grinding said rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof by suitable mechanical means.
In another aspect of the present invention there is provided a process of making rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns, which process comprises of dispersing rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof in liquid dispersion medium in the presence of surfactant and wet grinding said rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof by suitable mechanical means.
Suitable liquid dispersion medium are those known to the ordinary skill in the art and include but not limited to one or more of water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, hexane, glycols, vegetable oils, mineral oils and the like.
Suitable mechanical means applied to reduce the particle size of rhein or diacerein are those known to ordinary skill in the art and include but not limited to one or more of nano mill, ball mill, attritor mill, vibratory mill, sand mill, bead mill, jet mill, ultrasonication and the like.
Suitable surfactants are those known to ordinary skilled in the art and may include but not limited to amphoteric, non-ionic, cationic or anionic surfactants. Suitable surfactants comprises one or more of sodium lauryl sulfate, monooleate, monolaurate, monopalmitate, monostearate or another ester of polyoxyethylene sorbitane, sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (DOSS), lecithin, stearylic alcohol, cetostearylic alcohol, cholesterol, polyoxyethylene ricin oil, polyoxyethylene fatty acid glycerides, poloxamer, cremophore RH 40 and the like.
In yet another aspect of the present invention there is provided a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises of comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof


having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutical^ acceptable excipients; and wherein the formulation exhibits a dissolution profile such that within 20 minutes more than 85% of diacerein or salt thereof is released, wherein the release rate is measured in Apparatus 2 (USP, Dissolution, paddle, 75 rpm) using 1000 ml of pH 5.7 phosphate buffer at 37 °C ± 0.5°C.
The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be present in the form of tablet, capsule, powder, disc, caplet, granules, pellets, granules in capsule, minitablets, minitablets in capsule, pellets in capsule, sachet and other dosage forms suitable for oral administration.
The pharmaceutical composition comprises of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients wherein excipients may include fillers, lubricants, disintegrants, and glidants.
Suitable filler may be selected from a group comprising one or more of, microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, kaolin, dry starch, powdered sugar and the like.
Suitable lubricant may be selected from a group comprising one or more of magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, stearic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, glyceryl behenate and the like.
Suitable glidant may be one or more of colloidal silicon dioxide, talc or cornstarch and the like.
Suitable disintegrant may be one or more of starch, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate and the like.


The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be prepared by dispersing diacerein or salts thereof optionally with other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients in suitable liquid dispersion medium and milling the dispersion through suitable mill to get a suitable size. Nanoparticulate dispersion of diacerein or salts thereof can be spray dried in fluidized bed processor. Dried mixture can be mixed with other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and converted into suitable dosage form.
While the present invention has been described in terms of its specific embodiments, certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.


Example -I
Table-1 Composition of Diacerein Capsules (200mg)
S.No. Ingredients %w/w
Part-I
1 Diacerein 10-60 1-20
2 Sodium docusate
3 i Sodium lauryl sulfate 1-20
4 Povidone 5-40
5 6 Starch 10-50
Water q.s.
Part-ll
7 8 Silicified microcrystalline cellulose Croscarmellose sodium 5-70 1-15
9 Magnesium stearate 0.1-3

Procedure: Diacerein along with sodium docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate and povidone is dispersed in sufficient quantity of water to get uniform dispersion. Diacerein dispersion is passed through nano-mill one or more times to get a desired particle size. The nanoparticulate dispersion is spray dried in glatt. Dried mass blended with silicified microcrystalline cellulose, starch, croscarmellose sodium, lubricated with magnesium stearate and lubricated blend is filled into hard gelatin capsules of suitable size.


Table 2: Comparative dissolution data of ART 50 vs Diacerein Capsules prepared as per example I

Time (min) % drug released (Art 50) % drug released (Example-I)
5 3 55
10 4 93
15 5 100
20 7 100
30 45 9 100
11 100
60 14 100
Table 2 provides the dissolution data for diacerein capsules (50mg) prepared as per the formula given in Table 1. For determination of drug release rate, USP Type 2 Apparatus (rpm 75) was used wherein 1000 ml of pH 5.7 phosphate buffer at 37 °C ± 0.5°C was used as medium.

WE CLAIM:
1) Rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns.
2) A pharmaceutical composition comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
3) A process of making rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns, which process comprises of dispersing rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof in liquid dispersion medium and wet grinding said rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof by suitable mechanical means.
4) A process of making rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns, which process comprises of dispersing rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof in liquid dispersion medium in the presence of surfactant and wet grinding said rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof by suitable mechanical means
5) A pharmaceutical composition, which comprises of comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutical^ acceptable excipients; and wherein the formulation exhibits a dissolution profile such that within 20 minutes more than 85% of rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof is released, wherein the release rate is measured in Apparatus 2 (USP, Dissolution, paddle, 75 rpm) using 1000 ml of pH 5.7 phosphate buffer at 37 °C ± 0.5°C.
6) The process of claim 3, wherein the liquid dispersion medium comprises one or more of water, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, hexane, glycols, vegetable oils, mineral oils and the like.


7) The process of claim 3, wherein suitable mechanical means comprises one or more of ball mill, nano mill, attritor mill, vibratory mill, sand mill, bead mill, jet mill, ultrasonication and the like.
8) The process of claim 4, wherein the surfactant comprises one or more of cationic, anionic, non-ionic, amphoteric surfactant.
9) The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 and 5 comprises one or more of tablet, capsule, powder, disc, caplet, granules, pellets, granules in capsule, minitablets, minitablets in capsule, pellets in capsule, sachet or other dosage forms suitable for oral administration.
10) The pharmaceutical composition according to claims 2 and 5, wherein pharmaceutical^ acceptable excipients comprises one or more of fillers, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, glidants.




ABSTRACT
The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising rhein or diacerein, or salts thereof having D90 particle size of 20 microns optionally with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of such compositions. The composition of the present invention may exhibit improved bioavailability along with reduced undesirable side effects.


Documents:

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Patent Number 268908
Indian Patent Application Number 1901/MUM/2007
PG Journal Number 39/2015
Publication Date 25-Sep-2015
Grant Date 22-Sep-2015
Date of Filing 27-Sep-2007
Name of Patentee WOCKHARDT LTD.
Applicant Address D4-MIDC AREA, CHIKHALTHANA, AURANGABAD
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 DABRE RAHUL SUDHAKAR 15 A, UJJWAL SOCIETY, NARENDRANAGAR, NAGPUR-440015
2 JAIN GIRISH KUMAR 4-SHARDA NIKETAN, TEACHERS' COLONY, PITAM PURA, DELHI 110034
3 SANDAL ROSHAN LAL C/O NARINDRA MEDICAL HALL, GRAIN MARKET, TALWANDI BHAI, DIST: FEROZPUR-142050
PCT International Classification Number A61K31/192; A61K9/58; A61P19/02
PCT International Application Number N/A
PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 NA