Indian Patents. 272826:A DEVICE FOR THE COLLECTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM HYDRO-DISTILLATION OF AROMATIC PLANT MATERIALS

Title of Invention	A DEVICE FOR THE COLLECTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM HYDRO-DISTILLATION OF AROMATIC PLANT MATERIALS
Abstract	The present invention deals with a device for the collection of essential oil from hydro-distillation of plants. The device consists of a receiving trap which can be used for an oil mixture having both types of oils, that is, which are either heavier or lighter than water. The device also has two graduated arms to measure the amount of oil collected in the receiving trap.

Full Text	Field of the invention: The present invention relates to a device for the collection of essential oil from hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials. Background and prior art of the invention: The isolation of the essential oils from aromatic plant material distillation in laboratory is often necessary in order to evaluate raw materials to be used for large-scale commercial distillation. The determination of the essential oil content is also important in appraising the quality of spices and oleoresin. Reference may be made to Am. Perfumer, 23, 467, 1928, where such determinations were conveniently made in a special apparatus devised by Cleavenger. This apparatus offers compactness, cohabitation of distillation water, the actual distillation and separation of the essential oil, so that certain chemical as well as physical properties and an accurate determination of the essential oil content using only small quantities of plant material may be determined. Furthermore this apparatus may be used to advantage for steam rectification of small amounts of essential oils. This apparatus consists of two specially designed parts, one oil trap and the other the condenser. Two types of oil traps are used where one for collection of oil lighter than water and the other for oils heavier than water. This apparatus suffers from disadvantages. The isolation of the essential oil with one trap, which is meant for only oils lighter than water, cannot be used for the oil heavier than water. Therefore if the plant material contains an oil mixture both lighter and heavier than water, this trap cannot be used. Objects of the invention: The main object of the present invention is to provide a device for the collection of essential oil from hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, which obviates the drawbacks as detailed above. Another object of the invention is to provide a device, the design of which is very simple. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a device that can be used For the collection of oil both lighter and heavier than water at the same time. A further object of the present invention is to provide a device which can be used for the measurement of the volume of the oil in the receiving trap itself. Summary of the invention: The present invention relates to a device for collection of essential oils from plant materials, consisting of a receiving trap, which can be used for the collection of an oil mixture containing oil both lighter as well as heavier than water, simultaneously. The drawings accompanying this specification (Fig: receiving trap) represent the essential oil receiving trap as depicted. Accordingly, the present invention provides a device for the collection of essential oils from the hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, which comprises a U-shaped glass tube fixed with two standard glass joints in the two ends (C) having at least two side tubes, wherein a side tube (A) with a standard glass joint (D) is fixed at an angle of 5° at a distance from the upper end of the side X, another side tube (B) with one end grooved is fixed at a distance from the upper end of side Y of the said U-tube, and in the lower bottom of the said U-tube, another tube (Z) with a stopcock (S) is fixed in the center. Detailed description of the invention: The invention is directed to a device for the collection of essential oil from the hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, which comprises a U-shaped glass tube of 3 cm internal diameter fixed two standard glass joints (B-24F) in the two ends (C). In one arm a side tube (A) of 6 cm length and 2 cm internal diameter with a standard glass joint (D, B-19F) is fixed at an 5° angle at a distance of 9 cm from the upper end of the U-tube. This arm of the U-tube is graduated starting from 0 ml at a distance of 11 cm from the upper end of the U-tube. In the other arm of the U-tube, another side tube (B) of 5 cm length and 2 cm internal diameter, with one end grooved, is fixed at a distance of 11 cm from the upper end of the U-tube for fixing rubber tube. In the lower bottom of the U-tube 30 cm from the upper end, a graduated tube of 1.5 cm internal diameter with a stopcock (S) is fixed in the center. The total length of the graduated tube is 25 cm and the total height of the trap is 55 cm. The working of the receiving trap is as follows: The plant material is taken in a three-necked round bottom flask on a heating mantle. The flask is fitted with distillation head and condenser. One end of the condenser is fitted with the above designed trap fitted on a stand though the arm "D". The other side arm "B" is connected to the three-necked flask with a rubber tube. When boiling starts the water and oil vapor passes through the condenser, condense to oil and water and collects in the trap. Once the water level is filled up to the level of "B", it flows back to the round bottom flask. This process continues and during this period the essential oil that is lighter than water will collect above water in the graduated side arm of the trap from which it can be measured the exact volume. The essential oil, which is heavier than water, will collect in the graduated tube below the trap from which the volume can be measured. The working of the trap has been verified with the help of the experiment carried out in the following examples: The following examples are given by way of illustration and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention Example 1 Isolation of the Essential Oil Fresh leaves of Cinnamomum pauciflorum (1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle wherein the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapor started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table Example 2 Isolation of the essential oil Fresh stem barks of Cinnamomum pauciflorum (1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table Example 3 Isolation of the essential oil Fresh leaves of Litsea cubeba Pers.(1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4-6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table 3). Example 4 Isolation of the essential oil Fresh stem barks of Litsea cubeba Per.(1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4-6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table 4). Example 5 Isolation of the essential oil Matured fruits (Citral type, started ripening) of Litsea cubeba Pers. 1.0 kg) were taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4-6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table Example 6 Isolation of the essential oil Fresh grass from Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud) Wats. Cultiver Jorlab L-5 (1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 litre round bottom flask to which 2 litres of water was added and then heated over a 5 litre heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 5-8 hrs. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table 6). Example 7 Isolation of the essential oil Infected Agarwood was cut into small pieces almost like coarse powder and taken in a 5 It round bottom flask to which 3.5 It of water was added and then heated over a 5 litre heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water in the graduated arm as well as in the bottom-graduated tube. The heating is continued for 70-72 hrs. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table 7). Advantages: The advantages of the present invention are the followings: 1. The design of the device is very simple. 2. The trap can be used for the collection of oil both lighter and heavier than water at the same time. 3. The measurement of the volume of the oil may be possible in the trap itself. 4. The working is very simple and does not involve any sophisticated equipment for operation. 5. The oils produced from the trap may be used as such for commercial exploitation due to its quality. 6. The olfactory property of the oil does not change due to the device as it is made from glass. We claim: 1. A device for the collection of essential oils from the hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, which comprises a U-shaped glass tube fixed with two standard glass joints in the two ends (C) having at least two side tubes, wherein a side tube (A) with a standard glass joint (D) is fixed at an angle of 5° at a distance from the upper end of the side X, another side tube (B) with one end grooved is fixed at a distance from the upper end of side Y of the said U-tube, and in the lower bottom of the said U-tube, another tube (Z) with a stopcock (S) is fixed in the center. 2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side X and side Z are preferably graduated. 3. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standard glass joints are preferably of B-24F and B-19F standard. 4. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side tube A is attached at a distance of preferably around 1/5th to 1/6th of the total height of the device, from the upper end of the said U-tube. 5. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side tube B is attached at a distance of preferably around 1/5th of the total height of the device, from the upper end of the said U-tube. 6. A device as claimed in claim 1, which is useful for the collection of oils which are either lighter or heavier than water. 7. A device for the collection of essential oils from the hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, substantially as herein described with reference to the foregoing examples and drawings.

Full Text

Field of the invention:
The present invention relates to a device for the collection of essential oil from hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials.
Background and prior art of the invention:
The isolation of the essential oils from aromatic plant material distillation in laboratory is often necessary in order to evaluate raw materials to be used for large-scale commercial distillation. The determination of the essential oil content is also important in appraising the quality of spices and oleoresin.
Reference may be made to Am. Perfumer, 23, 467, 1928, where such determinations were conveniently made in a special apparatus devised by Cleavenger. This apparatus offers compactness, cohabitation of distillation water, the actual distillation and separation of the essential oil, so that certain chemical as well as physical properties and an accurate determination of the essential oil content using only small quantities of plant material may be determined. Furthermore this apparatus may be used to advantage for steam rectification of small amounts of essential oils. This apparatus consists of two specially designed parts, one oil trap and the other the condenser. Two types of oil traps are used where one for collection of oil lighter than water and the other for oils heavier than water. This apparatus suffers from disadvantages. The isolation of the essential oil with one trap, which is meant for only oils lighter than water, cannot be used for the oil heavier than water. Therefore if the plant material contains an oil mixture both lighter and heavier than water, this trap cannot be used.
Objects of the invention:
The main object of the present invention is to provide a device for the collection of
essential oil from hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, which obviates the
drawbacks as detailed above.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device, the design of which is very
simple.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a device that can be used For the collection of oil both lighter and heavier than water at the same time. A further object of the present invention is to provide a device which can be used for the measurement of the volume of the oil in the receiving trap itself.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention relates to a device for collection of essential oils from plant materials, consisting of a receiving trap, which can be used for the collection of an oil mixture containing oil both lighter as well as heavier than water, simultaneously. The drawings accompanying this specification (Fig: receiving trap) represent the essential oil receiving trap as depicted.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a device for the collection of essential oils from the hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, which comprises a U-shaped glass tube fixed with two standard glass joints in the two ends (C) having at least two side tubes, wherein a side tube (A) with a standard glass joint (D) is fixed at an angle of 5° at a distance from the upper end of the side X, another side tube (B) with one end grooved is fixed at a distance from the upper end of side Y of the said U-tube, and in the lower bottom of the said U-tube, another tube (Z) with a stopcock (S) is fixed in the center.
Detailed description of the invention:
The invention is directed to a device for the collection of essential oil from the hydro-distillation of aromatic plant materials, which comprises a U-shaped glass tube of 3 cm internal diameter fixed two standard glass joints (B-24F) in the two ends (C). In one arm a side tube (A) of 6 cm length and 2 cm internal diameter with a standard glass joint (D, B-19F) is fixed at an 5° angle at a distance of 9 cm from the upper end of the U-tube. This arm of the U-tube is graduated starting from 0 ml at a distance of 11 cm from the upper end of the U-tube. In the other arm of the U-tube, another side tube (B) of 5 cm length and 2 cm internal diameter, with one end grooved, is fixed at a distance of 11 cm from the upper end of the U-tube for fixing

rubber tube. In the lower bottom of the U-tube 30 cm from the upper end, a
graduated tube of 1.5 cm internal diameter with a stopcock (S) is fixed in the center.
The total length of the graduated tube is 25 cm and the total height of the trap is 55
cm.
The working of the receiving trap is as follows:
The plant material is taken in a three-necked round bottom flask on a heating
mantle. The flask is fitted with distillation head and condenser. One end of the
condenser is fitted with the above designed trap fitted on a stand though the arm
"D". The other side arm "B" is connected to the three-necked flask with a rubber
tube. When boiling starts the water and oil vapor passes through the condenser,
condense to oil and water and collects in the trap. Once the water level is filled up to
the level of "B", it flows back to the round bottom flask. This process continues and
during this period the essential oil that is lighter than water will collect above water in
the graduated side arm of the trap from which it can be measured the exact volume.
The essential oil, which is heavier than water, will collect in the graduated tube
below the trap from which the volume can be measured.
The working of the trap has been verified with the help of the experiment carried out
in the following examples:
The following examples are given by way of illustration and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention
Example 1
Isolation of the Essential Oil
Fresh leaves of Cinnamomum pauciflorum (1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle wherein the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapor started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4 hr. The

amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table

Example 2
Isolation of the essential oil
Fresh stem barks of Cinnamomum pauciflorum (1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table Example 3
Isolation of the essential oil
Fresh leaves of Litsea cubeba Pers.(1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4-6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table
3).
Example 4
Isolation of the essential oil
Fresh stem barks of Litsea cubeba Per.(1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4-6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table 4).
Example 5
Isolation of the essential oil
Matured fruits (Citral type, started ripening) of Litsea cubeba Pers. 1.0 kg) were taken in a 5 liter round bottom flask to which 2 liter of water was added and then heated over a 5 liter heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 4-6 hr. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table

Example 6
Isolation of the essential oil
Fresh grass from Cymbopogon flexuosus (Steud) Wats. Cultiver Jorlab L-5 (1.0 kg) was cut into small pieces and taken in a 5 litre round bottom flask to which 2 litres of water was added and then heated over a 5 litre heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture
started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water. The heating is continued for 5-8 hrs. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table 6).

Example 7
Isolation of the essential oil
Infected Agarwood was cut into small pieces almost like coarse powder and taken in a 5 It round bottom flask to which 3.5 It of water was added and then heated over a 5 litre heating mantle where in the newly designed trap was fitted to the condenser attached to the flask. After 1 hr the water vapour started passing through the condenser and circulation of water oil mixture started. The oil was started separating on the top of the water in the graduated arm as well as in the bottom-graduated tube. The heating is continued for 70-72 hrs. The amount of oil collected in the different experiments is tabulated in the following Table (Table 7).

Advantages:
The advantages of the present invention are the followings:
1. The design of the device is very simple.
2. The trap can be used for the collection of oil both lighter and heavier than water
at the same time.

3. The measurement of the volume of the oil may be possible in the trap itself.
4. The working is very simple and does not involve any sophisticated equipment for
operation.
5. The oils produced from the trap may be used as such for commercial exploitation
due to its quality.
6. The olfactory property of the oil does not change due to the device as it is made
from glass.

We claim:
1. A device for the collection of essential oils from the hydro-distillation of aromatic
plant materials, which comprises a U-shaped glass tube fixed with two standard
glass joints in the two ends (C) having at least two side tubes, wherein a side
tube (A) with a standard glass joint (D) is fixed at an angle of 5° at a distance
from the upper end of the side X, another side tube (B) with one end grooved is
fixed at a distance from the upper end of side Y of the said U-tube, and in the
lower bottom of the said U-tube, another tube (Z) with a stopcock (S) is fixed in
the center.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side X and side Z are preferably
graduated.
3. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the standard glass joints are preferably
of B-24F and B-19F standard.
4. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side tube A is attached at a distance
of preferably around 1/5th to 1/6th of the total height of the device, from the
upper end of the said U-tube.
5. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side tube B is attached at a distance
of preferably around 1/5th of the total height of the device, from the upper end of
the said U-tube.

6. A device as claimed in claim 1, which is useful for the collection of oils which are
either lighter or heavier than water.
7. A device for the collection of essential oils from the hydro-distillation of aromatic
plant materials, substantially as herein described with reference to the foregoing
examples and drawings.

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Patent Number

272826

Indian Patent Application Number

730/DEL/2006

PG Journal Number

18/2016

Publication Date

29-Apr-2016

Grant Date

28-Apr-2016

Date of Filing

20-Mar-2006

Name of Patentee

COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH

Applicant Address

ANUSANDHAN BHAWAN, RAFI MARG, NEW DELHI - 110001, INDIA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	JIBAN CHANDRA SARMA KATAKY	REGIONAL RESEARCH LABORATORY JORHAT 785006, ASSAM, INDIA.
2	SUBHAN CHANDRA NATH	REGIONAL RESEARCH LABORATORY JORHAT 785006, ASSAM, INDIA

PCT International Classification Number

B01D 3/100

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1			NA