Title of Invention	SMART CABLES
Abstract	A smart cable apparatus includes resources that provide for additional functionality such as cable authentication and cable identification. The cable apparatus can be configured for coupling an electronic device such as a media player to other electronic devices such as media player accessories. The cable apparatus includes one or more processing components that can be integrated as part of the cable apparatus. The one or more processing components can be configured to identify the type of signal the cable apparatus is intended to carry, and to communicate that information to the electronic device to which it is connected. The one or more processing components can also be configured to process authentication inquires to indicate whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic device.

Title of Invention

SMART CABLES

Abstract

A smart cable apparatus includes resources that provide for additional functionality such as cable authentication and cable identification. The cable apparatus can be configured for coupling an electronic device such as a media player to other electronic devices such as media player accessories. The cable apparatus includes one or more processing components that can be integrated as part of the cable apparatus. The one or more processing components can be configured to identify the type of signal the cable apparatus is intended to carry, and to communicate that information to the electronic device to which it is connected. The one or more processing components can also be configured to process authentication inquires to indicate whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic device.

Full Text	SMART CABLES RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] The present application is related to commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Application Number 11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-002400/P4998), titled "Backward Compatible Connector System," by Murphy et al., filed 01/05/2007, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The present application claims benefit under 35 USC 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/969,946 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-003300/P5379USP1), filed on September 4, 2007, titled "Smart Cables," the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. FIELD OF INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates in general to electronic cables. More particularly, the invention relates to smart cables that can provide additional functionality such as identification and authentication. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] The handheld consumer electronic market continues to grow at an extra- ordinary pace, and more of these products provide increasing interconnectivity with other electronic devices. By way of example, electronic products such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), media players, CD players, DVD players, televisions, game players, digital cameras and the like invariably include connectors for making connection to other electronic devices via cables. The different types of digital or analog audio and/or video signals, USB, t-irewire, etc. [0004] Examples of media devices with a highly versatile connector system are the iPod and the iPhone manufactured by Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California. These media devices may communicate with their accessories and other peripheral devices through one or more cable apparatus. For example, the media devices can send audio signals to a speaker, and/or send video signals to a computer display or television. In order to transmit various kinds of signals, different types of cables may be used. Different cables may have different performance characteristics and may be designed to operate with different communication protocols. Such information often needs to be efficiently communicated to the media devices. Hence it is highly desirable to improve electronic cabling techniques for media devices. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0005] The present invention relates to smart cables that incorporate functionality to provide information such as identification and authentication to devices to which they connect. In various embodiments, a cabling apparatus includes circuitry that can communicate with another device information about the cable including, for example, whether the cable is an authorized cable, what type of cable it is, what type or types of signal(s) it can carry, etc. If the cable is, for example, a composite video or a component video cable connecting a media device to a display, circuitry incorporated in the cable apparatus, according to one embodiment of the present invention, can identify itself and can instruct the media device to supply the display with the appropriate composite or component video signal. The various embodiments of the invention are described in the context of media devices, but it should be recognized that the invention has broader range of applicability. [0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a cable apparatus may include a first connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or more processing components. Additionally, the cable apparatus may include a cable having a first end coupled to the first connector and a second end coupled to one or more second connectors. The one or more second connectors can be configured to connect with one or more electronic devices. The one or more processing components of the cable apparatus can be configured to rere ve an authentication inquiry from an electronic device through the plurality of contacts, generate an authentication response, and output the authentication response to the electronic device through the plurality of contacts. The authentication response may be associated with whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic device. [0007] According to another embodiment, a cable apparatus may include a first connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or more processing components. Additionally, the cable apparatus may include a cable having a first end coupled to the first connector and a second end coupled to one or more second connectors. The one or more second connectors can be configured to be coupled to one or more electronic devices respectively. The one or more processing components can be configured to identify a type of the cable apparatus, generate a cable identification signal, and output the identification signal to the electronic device through the plurality of contacts. The identification signal may be associated with one or more types of signals to be carried by the cable apparatus. [0008] According to another embodiment, a method for operating a cable apparatus includes providing the cable apparatus with circuitry to implement a cable identification process, the cable circuitry to be powered upon connection of the cable apparatus to another electronic device. The method includes the cable circuitry identifying the type of cable and generating a cable identification signal, and the cable circuitry transmitting the cable identification signal to the electronic device. The process of identifying the type of cable may include detecting a signal level on node in the cable circuitry. Alternatively, the process of identifying the type of cable may include transmitting one or more test signals to predetermined contacts coupled to the cable apparatus. [0009] According to another embodiment, a method for operating a cable apparatus includes providing the cable apparatus with circuitry to implement a cable authentication process, the cable circuitry to be powered upon connection of the cable apparatus to another electronic device. The method includes the cable circuitry receiving an authentication request from the electronic device and performing an authentication process. The cable circuitry then generating a cable authentication signal and transmitting the cable identification signal to the electronic device. [0010] According to yet another embodiment, a method of operating a cable apparatus may include receiving an authentication inquiry by a cable apparatus from an electronic device, processing the authentication inquiry by the cable apparatus, sending an authentication response from the cable apparatus to the electronic device, receivintj an identification inquiry by the cable apparatus from the electronic device, identifying a cable type for the cable apparatus by the cable apparatus, and sending an identification signal based on at least information associated with the identified cable type. The authentication response can be associated with whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic device, and the identification signal can be associated with one or more types of signals related to the cable apparatus. [0011] The various features and advantages of the present invention can be more fully appreciated with reference to the detailed description and accompanying drawings that follow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0012] Figure 1 illustrates a simplified cable apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; [0013] Figure 2 illustrates a portion of the cable apparatus including circuitry incorporated therein according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; [0014] Figure 3 illustrates the cable apparatus coupled with a media device and one or more peripheral devices according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; [0015] Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate various methods of operation for the suncable according to embodiments of the present invention; and [0016] Figure 7 is an example of a list of signals for a connector that may connect to a smart cable according to one embodiment of the presentation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0017] Figure 1 illustrates a simplified cable apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention that is capable of communicating information such as cable identification and authentication upon connection to another device. Cable apparatus 100 may include connector 110 at one end, one or more connector ends 120 at another end, and cable 130 as well as one or more cable lines 140 that couple the connector ends of the cable apparatus. Connector 110 may include contact housing 112 which encloses a plurality of electrical contacts (not shown), and connector boot 114 which houses the assembly that connects wires from the cable lines to the electrical contacts. Within connector boot 114, there can also be electronic components (not shown) that are configured to perform electrical functionality such as cable authentication, cable identification, electrostatic discharge protection and the like. One example of a connector assembly that can integrate such functionality onto, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB) inside the boot of the connector is described in the above-referenced patent application number 11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-002400/P4998), titled "Backward Compatible Connector System," by Murphy et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. [0018] Plurality of cable lines 140 may be configured to carry a respective plurality of signals, each line connecting to at least one of plurality of connectors 120. By way of example, plurality of connectors 120 may include at least an audio connector, a video connector, and/or a USB connector. If cable system 100 is configured to provide, for example, a composite video cable, the circuitry that may be integrated inside boot 114 of connector 110 can be configured to identify the type of cable and transmit that information (i.e., that the cable is a composite video cable) to the device to which it connects. The device could be, for example, a media device such as an iPod or an iPhone. The media device then automatically provides the appropriate signal. i.e., composite video signal to the cabie. Cable apparatus 100 can provide any one or more of the other types of cables and signals that media devices such as the iPod support, including analog audio, digital (USB) audio, component video, HDMI, DVI, S-video, etc. [0019] Various modifications and variations to cable apparatus 100 are possible. For example, each line 140 may include one or more lines, each of which can independently carry one or more signals. In another example, cable lines 140 may include only one line that is combined with cable 130 to form a single cable. According to some embodiments, one or more additional components may be added to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the specific arrangement of components may be interchanged. Further details of the various arrangements and cabling components can be found throughout the present specification below. [0020] Figure 2 illustrates a high level block diagram for connector 110 in cable apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As discussed above, connector 110 may include a contact housing 112 and a connector boot 114. In one embodiment, connector boot 114 houses a PCB (not shown) on which various circuit components can be mounted. The circuit components can include, for example, micro-controller 210, authentication coprocessor 220, and identification wire 230 that may be electrically coupled together via circuit traces on the PCB. An example of the internal construction of connector 100 can be found in the above-referenced patent application number 11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-002400/P4998), titled "Backward Compatible Connector System," by Murphy et al., in particular in connection with Figure 10B of that application. While these components are described as being housed inside connector 110, it is possible that parts or all of the components are distributed in other parts of cable apparatus 100. Also, these components may be integrated into a single chip or a plurality of integrated circuits. [0021] As shown in Figure 2, micro-controller 210, authentication coprocessor 220 and identification wire 230 are coupled together and in combination provide the additional functionality. Micro-controller 210 can be primarily responsible for controlling communication to and from the media device vte bus 240. Authentication coprocessor 220 can be primarily responsible for implementing the authentication functionality. And identification wire 230 can be used by micro-controller 210 to detect the type of signal the cable is configured to carry (e.g., component video or composite video). A bus 250 can connect the wires from cable 130 to the contacts (or pins) in contact housing 112. There can be an optional bus 260 directly connecting cable 130 to micro-controller 210. As used herein the term bus refers to any mechanism that electrically connects one set of contact points to another and is not limited to any specific type of electro-mechanical means. [0022] In operation, when connector 110 is connected to a media device, the media device may send an authentication inquiry to the cable. Micro-controller 210 can receive the authentication inquiry and communicate it to authentication coprocessor 220. Authentication coprocessor 220 then processes the authentication request using an authentication algorithm. The authentication algorithm can be based on, for example, public key encryption using security certificates, digital signatures or other known authentication methodologies. In one embodiment, authentication techniques similar to those described in commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Application Number 11/051,499, (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-001110/P3503US1) titled "Accessory Authentication For Electronic Devices," which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, can be implemented by authentication coprocessor 220. The result of the authentication process is communicated from authentication coprocessor 220 to micro-controller 210 and from micro-controller 210 to the media device via bus 240. Upon successful authentication, the media device may proceed with further communication with the cable apparatus. While the block diagram of Figure 2 shows micro-controller 210 and authentication coprocessor 220 as two separate components, it is possible to integrate both functionalities into a single chip. [0023] Another functionality integrated in and provided by the cable apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is cable identification. According to this embodiment, a signal such as a voltage level provided on identification wire 230 indicates a type of cable. The signal on identification wire 230 can, for example, indicate whether the cable is configured to carry, e.g., composite video, component video or S-video signal. The level of the signal on identification wire 230 can be set by. for example, a resistive circuit that may be coupled either to the power supply (i.e., as a pull-up) or to ground (i.e., as a pull-down) or between both to form a voltage divider. It is also possible to not connect identification wire 230 to any signal and instead use a floating condition to also indicate a type of cable. This embodiment envisions that the cable manufacturer sets the signal level on identification wire 230 simplifying the implementation of micro-controller 210. This allows the use of a more cost-effective micro-controller 210 that can be programmed to detect the signal level on identification wire 230. In this embodiment, once micro- controller 210 determines the type of cable it is associated with, it may internally save that information in a register so that it does not have to make that determination each time it is connected to a media device. Once the cable type is identified (and in some embodiments after the cable is authenticated), micro-controller 210 can transmit a request signal to a media device to which it is connected to enable the appropriate (e.g., audio and/or video) outputs in the correct format. While in this example, the type of cable is determined based on voltage level on identification wire 230, it is also possible to accomplish similar functionality with techniques other than voltage level detection, such as current sensing. [0024] In an alternative embodiment, a more sophisticated micro-controller 210 can eliminate the need for identification wire 230 and its associated circuitry by dynamically detecting the type of cable being used. According to this embodiment, micro-controller 210 can be programmed to detect the type of cable upon connection between the media device and an accessory device. Figure 3 depicts cable apparatus 100 connecting a media device 310 to one or more accessory devices 320. Connector end 110 of cable apparatus 100 connects to media device 310 via contacts 112 while any one or more of connector ends 120 connect to one or more accessory devices 320. [0025] According to this embodiment, micro-controller 210 can test whether a connection is made at the accessory end via any one or more of cables 140. This can be done, for example, by micro-controller 210 applying one or more test signals to pre-determined contact pins 112 that are designated to carry specific signal types when connected by cable apparatus 100 to one or more accessory devices 320. In an alternative embodiment, micro-controller 210 can apply the test signals directly to pre-determined wires in cable 130 via bus 2(3O (see Figure 2) Rased on -he signal(s) returned to micro-controller 210 in response to the test signal(s), the micro- controller can determine how many and which connector end(s) 120 are in fact connected to an accessory. This will enable micro-controller 210 to identify the type of cable being used. For example, if only one connector end 120, such as a male RCA plug for a single composite video cable, is connected, micro-controller 210 will identify the cable as a composite video cable. If, on the other hand, the test indicates connection of three connector ends 120 corresponding to component video signal, then micro-controller 210 identifies the cable as component video cable. It is also possible for micro-controller 210 to determine an erroneous connection (e.g., when only one of the three component connector ends is connected) and signal media device 310 to indicate the erroneous connection on its display. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the cable type is determined by the connection it is providing and therefore can vary from one application to the next. That is, in one application wherein the cable connects a media device to, for example, a video accessory that uses composite video signals, micro-controller 210 will identify the cable type as composite video cable. The same cable when used in another application for connecting a media device to, for example, a video accessory that uses component video will be identified by micro-controller 210 as a component video. [0026] Once the type of cable is determined (and, in some embodiments, after the cable is authenticated), micro-controller 210 can transmit the cable preferences for that particular cable type to the media device. The cable preferences depend on the cable type which can be any one or more of the following: USB, Firewire, analog or digital audio, composite video, component video, S-video, HDMI, DVI and the like. For example, preferences for a composite video cable can be audio line out and composite video. [0027] In one application, cable apparatus 100 may be used to connect a media device such as an iPod to both a television set via video connector ends and a hi-fi speaker system via the audio connector ends. Cable apparatus 100 automatically performs the authentication process upon connection to media device 310. Cable apparatus 100 can also perform the cable identification process upon connection to media device 310 or upon connection to both media device 310 and accessory devices 370. Micro-controlier 210 can perform the cable dentification task before. after or in parallel with the authentication process. [0028] Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate various simplified methods of operation for the smart cable according to embodiments of the present invention. Method 400 shown in Figure 4 depicts one authentication method which may include process 410 for powering up the cable circuitry upon connection to an electronic device such as a media player or an accessory. Once powered up, the cable circuitry may receive an authentication inquiry from the media device (process 420). It is also possible that the authentication inquiry sent from the media device to the cable circuitry may be prompted by the cable circuitry itself requesting to be authenticated. In response to the authentication inquiry, the cable circuitry may process the authentication inquiry and generate an authentication response (process 430). The cable circuitry may next send the authentication response back to the media device (process 440). If the authentication response is accepted by the media device (process 450), cable preferences may be transmitted to the media device (process 460) and further communication via the cable apparatus may be authorized (process 470). If the authentication process fails, the cable may be assumed to be unauthorized and no further communication via that cable may be allowed. In one embodiment, the authorization process may be retried one or more times before the cable apparatus is rejected (process 480). [0029] As discussed in connection with Figures 2 and 3, these various processes are performed, in one exemplary implementation, by the combination of micro- controller 210 and authentication coprocessor 220. That is, at process 410 upon connecting the cable to media device 320, the internal circuitry of the cable including micro-controller 210 and authentication coprocessor 220 may be powered using, for example, power supplied from media device 320 (or an accessory when connected to an accessory). After power-up, at process 420, micro-controller 210 may receive an authentication request from media device 320. At process 430, micro-controller 210 then communicates with authentication coprocessor 220 to process the request in accordance with the authentication algorithm implemented by coprocessor 220. At process 440, the response generated by authentication coprocessor 220 is then sent back to media device 310 via micro-controller 210. Accordingly, this method provides for a smart cable that includes all the resources to automatically go through an authentication process upon connection to a media device. [0030] Figure 5 is a flow diagram depicting method 500 of cable identification according to another embodiment of the present invention. Method 500 may include process 510 for powering up the cable circuitry upon connection to an electronic device such as a media player or an accessory, process 520 for identifying the type of cable, process 530 for generating a cable identification signal, and process 540 for sending the cable identification signal to the media device. As discussed in connection with Figures 2 and 3, these various processes are performed, in one exemplary implementation, by micro-controller 210. That is, process 510 may include powering the internal circuitry of the cable including micro-controller 210 and authentication coprocessor 220 upon connecting the cable to media device 320 (or to an accessory) using, for example, power supplied from media device 320. After power-up, process 520 may include micro-controller 210 identifying the cable type. The identification of cable type by process 530 may involve micro-controller 210 detecting a signal level on identification wire 230. Alternatively, micro-controller 210 can detect the cable type by the configuration in which the cable is being used and the type of accessory 320 to which it is connected. Next, process 530 may include micro-controller 210 generating an identification signal and then, process 540 may include sending the identification signal to media device 310. The identification signal may include cable preferences. In response, media device 310 may use the identification signal and automatically start transmitting audio and/or video signals to the cable apparatus 100 according to preferred or required signal formats. [0031] Alternatively, media device 310 may use the identification signal and narrow its displayed menu choices (e.g., showing only the video files that are available in component format). In one example, the identification signal may instruct the media device to transmit audio signals but no video signals to the cable apparatus, and/or may also specify the type of audio signals that is preferred or required by the cable apparatus. In another example, the identification signal may instruct the media device to transmit both audio signals and video signals to the cable apparatus. Additionally, the identification signal may also specify the preferred or required type of audio signals, and/or specify the preferred or required type of video signals. For example the type of video signal may be composite, component, digital audio. S- video, HDMI, etc. In one embodiment, the type of video signals that is preferred or required by the cable apparatus may be component video signals (e.g., Y, Pb, Pr signals). Accordingly, this method provides for a smart cable that includes all the resources to automatically identify the cable type and send cable preferences to the media device upon connection to the media device. [0032] Figure 6 is a flow diagram depicting method 600 of cable identification and authentication according to another embodiment of the present invention. Method 600 essentially combines methods 400 and 500 providing for a smart cable that can automatically perform both the identification and authentication processes upon connection to a media device. Referring to Figure 6, method 600 may include process 610 for powering up the cable circuitry upon connection to a media device (or an accessory). The method may also include process 620 involving the cable circuitry identifying a cable type, and process 630 for the cable circuitry generating and transmitting a cable identification signal to the media device. [0033] Next, in response to a request from the media device to initiate the authentication process, method 600 may also include process 640 whereby the cable circuitry starts the authentication algorithm and generates an authentication response. Process 640 is followed by process 650 which may include sending the authentication response back to the media device. If the cable authentication is successful (process 660), the cable then may send its preferences to the media device (process 670) after which media content may be communicated over the cable (process 680). The cable preferences may include, for example, enabling audio and/or video line out, etc. If authentication fails, method 600 may include process 690 whereby the authentication processes (640 and 650) are repeated a predetermined number of times (n) before rejecting the cable as unauthorized. The details of operation of the authentication process and the cable identification process have been described above in connection with Figures 4 and 5 and will not be repeated. It is emphasized here, however, that each of the process flow diagrams depicts an exemplary embodiment and modifications and alternatives are possible. For example, the identification process and or the authentication process may occur with or without an inquiry from the media device. For example, in one embodiment, the process (630) whereby the cable identifies its type to the media device may include the cable also requasting to be authenticated in response to this request from the cable, the media device may send an authentication request signal to tne cable initiating the cable authentication process. Also, the various authentication processes 640 and 650 may occur before, after or concurrently with identification processes 620 and 630. [0034] In one embodiment, the authentication processes 640 and 650 may occur first and, depending on the result of the authentication challenge, the remaining processes may proceed or may be halted. According to this embodiment, if the cable apparatus transmits the expected authentication response, media device 310 may confirm thai the coupled cable apparatus is an authorized cable allowing further processes including the cable identification process to continue. If, however, no authentication response is received or if incorrect authentication response is received, the media device may be prevented from transmitting data through the attached cable apparatus, and subsequent processes cannot proceed. [0035] In all of the various embodiments described above, communication between the cable apparatus, the media device and the accessory can be based on any one of a variety of interface protocols. One example of such an interface protocol is the iPod Accessory Protocol developed by Apple Inc. that can facilitate communication between an iPod or iPhone and accessories via a smart cable apparatus according to the present invention. This particular protocol is described in greater detail in commonly assigned U.S. Patent Number 7,293,122, entitled "Connector Interface System Facilitating Communication Between a Media Player and an Accessory," to Schubert et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Also, one example of the type of connector suitable for connector 110 over which the above- referenced interface protocol can be communicated is described in the above- referenced patent application number 11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P- 002400/P4998), titled "Backward Compatible Connector System," by Murphy et al., which in addition to the PCB inside the boot structure also describes, as shown in Figure 7, a specific number of pins (e.g., 30) and signal assignments for those pins that facilitate the protocol, all of which is incorporated by reference. [0036] Multiple aspects of the present invention have been described in the context of specific embodiments for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art will appieciate that various alternatives, moditicanons or changes are possible the above description should therefore not be limiting of the scope of the present invention, which should instead be determined by the following claims and their full breadth of equivalents. WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1 1. A cable apparatus comprising: 2 a first connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or more 3 processing components, the plurality of contacts being configured to couple to a first 4 electronic device; 5 a cable coupled to the first connector; and 6 one or more second connectors coupled to the cable and configured to couple 7 to one or more second electronic devices; 8 wherein the one or more processing components comprise a micro-controller 9 and an authentication coprocessor, where the micro-controller is configured to receive an 10 authentication inquiry from the first electronic device through the plurality of contacts and to 11 provide the authentication inquiry to the authentication coprocessor, and wherein the 12 coprocessor is configured to process the authentication inquiry and generate an authentication 13 response, and send the authentication response to the micro-controller, where the micro- 14 controller is further configured to provide the authentication response to the first electronic 15 device through the plurality of contacts. 1 2 The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein the micro-controller detects a 2 signal level on an identification wire inside the cable apparatus and identifies a cable type 3 based on the detected signal level on the identification wire. 1 3 The cable apparatus of claim 2 wherein the identification wire is 2 coupled to a resistor. 1 4. The cable apparatus of claim 2 wherein the identification wire is 2 coupled to a resistor divider. 1 5. The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein the authentication processor 2 processes the authentication inquiry using digital signatures. 6. The cableappartus of than claim 1 wheren the authomatically prossor 2 processes the authentication inquiry using security certificates. 1 7. The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein the authentication processor 2 processes the authentication inquiry using public key encryption. 1 8. The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein after authentication response is 2 sent to the first electronic device, the first electronic device continues to communicate with 3 the cable apparatus. 1 9. 'I he cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein'.he one or more processing 2 components are housed inside a boot of the first connector and electrically couple to one or 3 more of the plurality of contacts. 1 10. A cable apparatus comprising: 2 a first connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or more 3 processing components, the plurality of contacts being configured to couple to a first 4 electronic device; 5 a cable coupled to the first connector; and 6 one or more second connectors coupled to the cable and configured to couple 7 to one or more second electronic devices; 8 wherein: 9 the one or more processing components arc configured to identify a type of the 10 cable apparatus, generate an identification signal, and send the identification signal to the first 11 electronic device through the plurality of contacts, wherein the identification signal identifies 12 what types of signals the cable apparatus can carry. 1 11. The cable apparatus of claim 10 wherein the one or more processing 2 components include a micro-controller coupled to an identification circuit. 1 12. The cable apparatus of claim 11 wherein the micro-controller is further 2 configured to detect a signal level supplied by the identification circuit and to determine the 3 type of the cable apparatus based at least on the detected signal level. 1 13. The cable apparatus of claim 12 wherein the signal level supplied by 2 the identification circuit is predetermined. 1 14. The cable apparatus of claim 10 wherein the one or more processing 2 components include a micro-controller that is configured to determine the type of the cable 3 apparatus based on detecting which of the one or more second connectors are connected to 4 respective one or more second electronic devices. 1 15. The cable apparatus of claim 10 wherein the types of signals the cable 2 apparatus can carry can be one or more from among a plurality of signal types including 3 composite video, component video, S-video, HDMI or other digital video formats. 1 16. The cable apparatus of claim 10 w heroin the one or more processing 2 components are further configured to receive an authentication inquiry from a the first 3 electronic device through the plurality of contacts, to generate an authentication response, and 4 to send the authentication response to the first electronic device through the plurality of 5 contacts. 1 17. A method of operating a cable apparatus, the method comprising an 2 authentication method comprising: 3 the cable apparatus receiving an authentication inquiry from an electronic 4 device with a micro-controller; 5 the micro-controller providing the authentication inquiry to an authentication 6 coprocessor, the authentication coprocessor processing the authentication inquiry; 7 the authentication coprocessor generating an authentication response that is 8 associated with whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic 9 device and providing the authentication response to the micro-controller; and 10 the micro-controller sending the authentication response from the cable 11 apparatus to the electronic device. 1 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the authentication processor 2 processes the authentication inquiry using digital signatures. 1 19. The method of claim 17 wherein the authentication processor 2 processes the authentication inquiry using security certificates. 1 20. The method of claim 17 wherein the authentication processor 2 processes the authentication inquiry using public key encryption. 1 21. The method of claim 17 further comprising a cable identification 2 method, the cable identification method comprising: 3 the micro-controller detecting a signal level on an identification wire inside 4 the cable apparatus; 5 the micro-controller identifying a cable type based on the detected signal level 6 on the identification wire; and 7 the micro-controller sending to an electronic device, a cable identification 8 signal based at least in part on information associated with the identified cable type, 9 wherein, the identification signal is associated with one or more t\pes of 10 signals related to the cable apparatus. 1 22. The method of claim 21 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a 2 resistor. 1 23. The method of claim 21 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a 2 resistor divider. 1 24. The method of claim 21 wherein the cable identification method 2 further comprises the cable apparatus receiving an identification request from the electronic 3 device. 1 25. A method for identifying a cable apparatus, the method comprising: 2 the cable apparatus detecting a signal level on an identification wire inside the 3 cable apparatus; 4 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on the detected signal level 5 on the identification wire; and 6 the cable apparatus sending to an electronic device, a cable identification 7 signal based at least in part on information associated with the identified cable type, 8 wherein, the identification signal is associated with one or more types of 9 signals related to the cable apparatus. 1 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a 2 resistor. 1 27. The method of claim 25 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a 8. The method of claim 25 further comprising the cable apparatus 2 receiving an identification request from the electronic device. 1 29. A method of identifying types of electronic device coupled to a cable 2 apparatus, the method comprising: 3 the cable apparatus detecting a type of first electronic device to which it is 4 connected through a first connector by applying one or more test signals to one or more pins 5 of the first connector; 6 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on one or more signals 7 returned in response to the one or more test signals applied to the first connector; and 8 the cable apparatus sending to a second electronic device, a cable 9 identification signal based at least in part on information associated with the identified cable 10 type. 1 30. The method of claim 29 further comprising: 2 the cable apparatus detecting a type of second electronic device to which it is 3 connected through a second connector by applying one or more test signals to one or more 4 pins of the second connector; 5 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on one or more signals 6 returned in response to the one or more test signals applied to the second connector. 1 31. The method of claim 29 further comprising the cable apparatus 2 receiving an identification request from the second electronic device. 1 32. A method of operating a cable apparatus., the method comprising: 2 an identification method comprising: 3 receiving power from an electronic device; and 4 without receiving a request for a cable identification signal from the electronic 5 device, sending to the electronic device a cable identification signal based at least in part on 6 information associated with an identified cable type; 7 wherein the identification signal is associated with one or more types of 8 signals related to the cable apparatus; and 9 an authentieation method comprising.: 10 the cable apparatus receiving an authentication inquiry from an electronic 11 device; 12 the cable apparatus processing the authentication inquiry by an authentication 13 circuitry; 14 the authentication circuitry generating an authentication response that is 15 associated with whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic 16 device; and 17 the cable apparatus sending the authentication response from the cable 1 8 apparatus to the electronic device. 1 33. The method of claim 32, the identification method further comprising: 2 the cable apparatus detecting a signal level on an identification wire inside the 3 cable apparatus; and 4 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on the detected signal level 5 on the identification wire. A smart cable apparatus includes resources that provide for additional functionality such as cable authentication and cable identification. The cable apparatus can be configured for coupling an electronic device such as a media player to other electronic devices such as media player accessories. The cable apparatus includes one or more processing components that can be integrated as part of the cable apparatus. The one or more processing components can be configured to identify the type of signal the cable apparatus is intended to carry, and to communicate that information to the electronic device to which it is connected. The one or more processing components can also be configured to process authentication inquires to indicate whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic device.

Full Text

SMART CABLES
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application is related to commonly-assigned U.S. Patent
Application Number 11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-002400/P4998), titled
"Backward Compatible Connector System," by Murphy et al., filed 01/05/2007, which
is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The present application claims
benefit under 35 USC 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/969,946
(Attorney Docket No. 20750P-003300/P5379USP1), filed on September 4, 2007,
titled "Smart Cables," the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
FIELD OF INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates in general to electronic cables. More
particularly, the invention relates to smart cables that can provide additional
functionality such as identification and authentication.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The handheld consumer electronic market continues to grow at an extra-
ordinary pace, and more of these products provide increasing interconnectivity with
other electronic devices. By way of example, electronic products such as mobile
phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), media players, CD players, DVD players,
televisions, game players, digital cameras and the like invariably include connectors
for making connection to other electronic devices via cables. The different types of
digital or analog audio and/or video signals, USB, t-irewire, etc.
[0004] Examples of media devices with a highly versatile connector system are the
iPod and the iPhone manufactured by Apple Inc. of Cupertino, California. These
media devices may communicate with their accessories and other peripheral devices

through one or more cable apparatus. For example, the media devices can send
audio signals to a speaker, and/or send video signals to a computer display or
television. In order to transmit various kinds of signals, different types of cables may
be used. Different cables may have different performance characteristics and may
be designed to operate with different communication protocols. Such information
often needs to be efficiently communicated to the media devices. Hence it is highly
desirable to improve electronic cabling techniques for media devices.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The present invention relates to smart cables that incorporate functionality to
provide information such as identification and authentication to devices to which they
connect. In various embodiments, a cabling apparatus includes circuitry that can
communicate with another device information about the cable including, for example,
whether the cable is an authorized cable, what type of cable it is, what type or types
of signal(s) it can carry, etc. If the cable is, for example, a composite video or a
component video cable connecting a media device to a display, circuitry incorporated
in the cable apparatus, according to one embodiment of the present invention, can
identify itself and can instruct the media device to supply the display with the
appropriate composite or component video signal. The various embodiments of the
invention are described in the context of media devices, but it should be recognized
that the invention has broader range of applicability.
[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a cable apparatus
may include a first connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or
more processing components. Additionally, the cable apparatus may include a cable
having a first end coupled to the first connector and a second end coupled to one or
more second connectors. The one or more second connectors can be configured to
connect with one or more electronic devices. The one or more processing
components of the cable apparatus can be configured to rere ve an authentication
inquiry from an electronic device through the plurality of contacts, generate an
authentication response, and output the authentication response to the electronic
device through the plurality of contacts. The authentication response may be

associated with whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the
electronic device.
[0007] According to another embodiment, a cable apparatus may include a first
connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or more processing
components. Additionally, the cable apparatus may include a cable having a first end
coupled to the first connector and a second end coupled to one or more second
connectors. The one or more second connectors can be configured to be coupled to
one or more electronic devices respectively. The one or more processing
components can be configured to identify a type of the cable apparatus, generate a
cable identification signal, and output the identification signal to the electronic device
through the plurality of contacts. The identification signal may be associated with
one or more types of signals to be carried by the cable apparatus.
[0008] According to another embodiment, a method for operating a cable apparatus
includes providing the cable apparatus with circuitry to implement a cable
identification process, the cable circuitry to be powered upon connection of the cable
apparatus to another electronic device. The method includes the cable circuitry
identifying the type of cable and generating a cable identification signal, and the
cable circuitry transmitting the cable identification signal to the electronic device.
The process of identifying the type of cable may include detecting a signal level on
node in the cable circuitry. Alternatively, the process of identifying the type of cable
may include transmitting one or more test signals to predetermined contacts coupled
to the cable apparatus.
[0009] According to another embodiment, a method for operating a cable apparatus
includes providing the cable apparatus with circuitry to implement a cable
authentication process, the cable circuitry to be powered upon connection of the
cable apparatus to another electronic device. The method includes the cable
circuitry receiving an authentication request from the electronic device and
performing an authentication process. The cable circuitry then generating a cable
authentication signal and transmitting the cable identification signal to the electronic
device.

[0010] According to yet another embodiment, a method of operating a cable
apparatus may include receiving an authentication inquiry by a cable apparatus from
an electronic device, processing the authentication inquiry by the cable apparatus,
sending an authentication response from the cable apparatus to the electronic
device, receivintj an identification inquiry by the cable apparatus from the electronic
device, identifying a cable type for the cable apparatus by the cable apparatus, and
sending an identification signal based on at least information associated with the
identified cable type. The authentication response can be associated with whether
the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic device, and the
identification signal can be associated with one or more types of signals related to
the cable apparatus.
[0011] The various features and advantages of the present invention can be more
fully appreciated with reference to the detailed description and accompanying
drawings that follow.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 illustrates a simplified cable apparatus according to an exemplary
embodiment of the present invention;
[0013] Figure 2 illustrates a portion of the cable apparatus including circuitry
incorporated therein according to another exemplary embodiment of the present
invention;
[0014] Figure 3 illustrates the cable apparatus coupled with a media device and
one or more peripheral devices according to an exemplary embodiment of the
present invention;
[0015] Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate various methods of operation for the suncable
according to embodiments of the present invention; and
[0016] Figure 7 is an example of a list of signals for a connector that may
connect to a smart cable according to one embodiment of the presentation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0017] Figure 1 illustrates a simplified cable apparatus according to an exemplary
embodiment of the present invention that is capable of communicating information
such as cable identification and authentication upon connection to another device.
Cable apparatus 100 may include connector 110 at one end, one or more connector
ends 120 at another end, and cable 130 as well as one or more cable lines 140 that
couple the connector ends of the cable apparatus. Connector 110 may include
contact housing 112 which encloses a plurality of electrical contacts (not shown),
and connector boot 114 which houses the assembly that connects wires from the
cable lines to the electrical contacts. Within connector boot 114, there can also be
electronic components (not shown) that are configured to perform electrical
functionality such as cable authentication, cable identification, electrostatic discharge
protection and the like. One example of a connector assembly that can integrate
such functionality onto, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB) inside the boot of
the connector is described in the above-referenced patent application number
11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-002400/P4998), titled "Backward
Compatible Connector System," by Murphy et al., which is hereby incorporated by
reference in its entirety.
[0018] Plurality of cable lines 140 may be configured to carry a respective plurality
of signals, each line connecting to at least one of plurality of connectors 120. By way
of example, plurality of connectors 120 may include at least an audio connector, a
video connector, and/or a USB connector. If cable system 100 is configured to
provide, for example, a composite video cable, the circuitry that may be integrated
inside boot 114 of connector 110 can be configured to identify the type of cable and
transmit that information (i.e., that the cable is a composite video cable) to the device
to which it connects. The device could be, for example, a media device such as an
iPod or an iPhone. The media device then automatically provides the appropriate
signal. i.e., composite video signal to the cabie. Cable apparatus 100 can provide
any one or more of the other types of cables and signals that media devices such as
the iPod support, including analog audio, digital (USB) audio, component video,
HDMI, DVI, S-video, etc.

[0019] Various modifications and variations to cable apparatus 100 are possible.
For example, each line 140 may include one or more lines, each of which can
independently carry one or more signals. In another example, cable lines 140 may
include only one line that is combined with cable 130 to form a single cable.
According to some embodiments, one or more additional components may be added
to those noted above. Depending upon the embodiment, the specific arrangement of
components may be interchanged. Further details of the various arrangements and
cabling components can be found throughout the present specification below.
[0020] Figure 2 illustrates a high level block diagram for connector 110 in cable
apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As
discussed above, connector 110 may include a contact housing 112 and a connector
boot 114. In one embodiment, connector boot 114 houses a PCB (not shown) on
which various circuit components can be mounted. The circuit components can
include, for example, micro-controller 210, authentication coprocessor 220, and
identification wire 230 that may be electrically coupled together via circuit traces on
the PCB. An example of the internal construction of connector 100 can be found in
the above-referenced patent application number 11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No.
20750P-002400/P4998), titled "Backward Compatible Connector System," by
Murphy et al., in particular in connection with Figure 10B of that application. While
these components are described as being housed inside connector 110, it is
possible that parts or all of the components are distributed in other parts of cable
apparatus 100. Also, these components may be integrated into a single chip or a
plurality of integrated circuits.
[0021] As shown in Figure 2, micro-controller 210, authentication coprocessor 220
and identification wire 230 are coupled together and in combination provide the
additional functionality. Micro-controller 210 can be primarily responsible for
controlling communication to and from the media device vte bus 240. Authentication
coprocessor 220 can be primarily responsible for implementing the authentication
functionality. And identification wire 230 can be used by micro-controller 210 to
detect the type of signal the cable is configured to carry (e.g., component video or
composite video). A bus 250 can connect the wires from cable 130 to the contacts
(or pins) in contact housing 112. There can be an optional bus 260 directly

connecting cable 130 to micro-controller 210. As used herein the term bus refers to
any mechanism that electrically connects one set of contact points to another and is
not limited to any specific type of electro-mechanical means.
[0022] In operation, when connector 110 is connected to a media device, the media
device may send an authentication inquiry to the cable. Micro-controller 210 can
receive the authentication inquiry and communicate it to authentication coprocessor
220. Authentication coprocessor 220 then processes the authentication request
using an authentication algorithm. The authentication algorithm can be based on, for
example, public key encryption using security certificates, digital signatures or other
known authentication methodologies. In one embodiment, authentication techniques
similar to those described in commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Application Number
11/051,499, (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-001110/P3503US1) titled "Accessory
Authentication For Electronic Devices," which is hereby incorporated by reference in
its entirety, can be implemented by authentication coprocessor 220. The result of
the authentication process is communicated from authentication coprocessor 220 to
micro-controller 210 and from micro-controller 210 to the media device via bus 240.
Upon successful authentication, the media device may proceed with further
communication with the cable apparatus. While the block diagram of Figure 2 shows
micro-controller 210 and authentication coprocessor 220 as two separate
components, it is possible to integrate both functionalities into a single chip.
[0023] Another functionality integrated in and provided by the cable apparatus
according to an embodiment of the present invention is cable identification.
According to this embodiment, a signal such as a voltage level provided on
identification wire 230 indicates a type of cable. The signal on identification wire 230
can, for example, indicate whether the cable is configured to carry, e.g., composite
video, component video or S-video signal. The level of the signal on identification
wire 230 can be set by. for example, a resistive circuit that may be coupled either to
the power supply (i.e., as a pull-up) or to ground (i.e., as a pull-down) or between
both to form a voltage divider. It is also possible to not connect identification wire
230 to any signal and instead use a floating condition to also indicate a type of cable.
This embodiment envisions that the cable manufacturer sets the signal level on
identification wire 230 simplifying the implementation of micro-controller 210. This

allows the use of a more cost-effective micro-controller 210 that can be programmed
to detect the signal level on identification wire 230. In this embodiment, once micro-
controller 210 determines the type of cable it is associated with, it may internally
save that information in a register so that it does not have to make that determination
each time it is connected to a media device. Once the cable type is identified (and in
some embodiments after the cable is authenticated), micro-controller 210 can
transmit a request signal to a media device to which it is connected to enable the
appropriate (e.g., audio and/or video) outputs in the correct format. While in this
example, the type of cable is determined based on voltage level on identification wire
230, it is also possible to accomplish similar functionality with techniques other than
voltage level detection, such as current sensing.
[0024] In an alternative embodiment, a more sophisticated micro-controller 210 can
eliminate the need for identification wire 230 and its associated circuitry by
dynamically detecting the type of cable being used. According to this embodiment,
micro-controller 210 can be programmed to detect the type of cable upon connection
between the media device and an accessory device. Figure 3 depicts cable
apparatus 100 connecting a media device 310 to one or more accessory devices
320. Connector end 110 of cable apparatus 100 connects to media device 310 via
contacts 112 while any one or more of connector ends 120 connect to one or more
accessory devices 320.
[0025] According to this embodiment, micro-controller 210 can test whether a
connection is made at the accessory end via any one or more of cables 140. This
can be done, for example, by micro-controller 210 applying one or more test signals
to pre-determined contact pins 112 that are designated to carry specific signal types
when connected by cable apparatus 100 to one or more accessory devices 320. In
an alternative embodiment, micro-controller 210 can apply the test signals directly to
pre-determined wires in cable 130 via bus 2(3O (see Figure 2) Rased on -he
signal(s) returned to micro-controller 210 in response to the test signal(s), the micro-
controller can determine how many and which connector end(s) 120 are in fact
connected to an accessory. This will enable micro-controller 210 to identify the type
of cable being used. For example, if only one connector end 120, such as a male
RCA plug for a single composite video cable, is connected, micro-controller 210 will

identify the cable as a composite video cable. If, on the other hand, the test
indicates connection of three connector ends 120 corresponding to component video
signal, then micro-controller 210 identifies the cable as component video cable. It is
also possible for micro-controller 210 to determine an erroneous connection (e.g.,
when only one of the three component connector ends is connected) and signal
media device 310 to indicate the erroneous connection on its display. Accordingly,
in this embodiment, the cable type is determined by the connection it is providing
and therefore can vary from one application to the next. That is, in one application
wherein the cable connects a media device to, for example, a video accessory that
uses composite video signals, micro-controller 210 will identify the cable type as
composite video cable. The same cable when used in another application for
connecting a media device to, for example, a video accessory that uses component
video will be identified by micro-controller 210 as a component video.
[0026] Once the type of cable is determined (and, in some embodiments, after the
cable is authenticated), micro-controller 210 can transmit the cable preferences for
that particular cable type to the media device. The cable preferences depend on the
cable type which can be any one or more of the following: USB, Firewire, analog or
digital audio, composite video, component video, S-video, HDMI, DVI and the like.
For example, preferences for a composite video cable can be audio line out and
composite video.
[0027] In one application, cable apparatus 100 may be used to connect a media
device such as an iPod to both a television set via video connector ends and a hi-fi
speaker system via the audio connector ends. Cable apparatus 100 automatically
performs the authentication process upon connection to media device 310. Cable
apparatus 100 can also perform the cable identification process upon connection to
media device 310 or upon connection to both media device 310 and accessory
devices 370. Micro-controlier 210 can perform the cable dentification task before.
after or in parallel with the authentication process.
[0028] Figures 4, 5 and 6 illustrate various simplified methods of operation for the
smart cable according to embodiments of the present invention. Method 400 shown
in Figure 4 depicts one authentication method which may include process 410 for

powering up the cable circuitry upon connection to an electronic device such as a
media player or an accessory. Once powered up, the cable circuitry may receive an
authentication inquiry from the media device (process 420). It is also possible that
the authentication inquiry sent from the media device to the cable circuitry may be
prompted by the cable circuitry itself requesting to be authenticated. In response to
the authentication inquiry, the cable circuitry may process the authentication inquiry
and generate an authentication response (process 430). The cable circuitry may
next send the authentication response back to the media device (process 440). If
the authentication response is accepted by the media device (process 450), cable
preferences may be transmitted to the media device (process 460) and further
communication via the cable apparatus may be authorized (process 470). If the
authentication process fails, the cable may be assumed to be unauthorized and no
further communication via that cable may be allowed. In one embodiment, the
authorization process may be retried one or more times before the cable apparatus
is rejected (process 480).
[0029] As discussed in connection with Figures 2 and 3, these various processes
are performed, in one exemplary implementation, by the combination of micro-
controller 210 and authentication coprocessor 220. That is, at process 410 upon
connecting the cable to media device 320, the internal circuitry of the cable including
micro-controller 210 and authentication coprocessor 220 may be powered using, for
example, power supplied from media device 320 (or an accessory when connected
to an accessory). After power-up, at process 420, micro-controller 210 may receive
an authentication request from media device 320. At process 430, micro-controller
210 then communicates with authentication coprocessor 220 to process the request
in accordance with the authentication algorithm implemented by coprocessor 220.
At process 440, the response generated by authentication coprocessor 220 is then
sent back to media device 310 via micro-controller 210. Accordingly, this method
provides for a smart cable that includes all the resources to automatically go through
an authentication process upon connection to a media device.
[0030] Figure 5 is a flow diagram depicting method 500 of cable identification
according to another embodiment of the present invention. Method 500 may include
process 510 for powering up the cable circuitry upon connection to an electronic

device such as a media player or an accessory, process 520 for identifying the type
of cable, process 530 for generating a cable identification signal, and process 540
for sending the cable identification signal to the media device. As discussed in
connection with Figures 2 and 3, these various processes are performed, in one
exemplary implementation, by micro-controller 210. That is, process 510 may
include powering the internal circuitry of the cable including micro-controller 210 and
authentication coprocessor 220 upon connecting the cable to media device 320 (or
to an accessory) using, for example, power supplied from media device 320. After
power-up, process 520 may include micro-controller 210 identifying the cable type.
The identification of cable type by process 530 may involve micro-controller 210
detecting a signal level on identification wire 230. Alternatively, micro-controller 210
can detect the cable type by the configuration in which the cable is being used and
the type of accessory 320 to which it is connected. Next, process 530 may include
micro-controller 210 generating an identification signal and then, process 540 may
include sending the identification signal to media device 310. The identification
signal may include cable preferences. In response, media device 310 may use the
identification signal and automatically start transmitting audio and/or video signals to
the cable apparatus 100 according to preferred or required signal formats.
[0031] Alternatively, media device 310 may use the identification signal and narrow
its displayed menu choices (e.g., showing only the video files that are available in
component format). In one example, the identification signal may instruct the media
device to transmit audio signals but no video signals to the cable apparatus, and/or
may also specify the type of audio signals that is preferred or required by the cable
apparatus. In another example, the identification signal may instruct the media
device to transmit both audio signals and video signals to the cable apparatus.
Additionally, the identification signal may also specify the preferred or required type
of audio signals, and/or specify the preferred or required type of video signals. For
example the type of video signal may be composite, component, digital audio. S-
video, HDMI, etc. In one embodiment, the type of video signals that is preferred or
required by the cable apparatus may be component video signals (e.g., Y, Pb, Pr
signals). Accordingly, this method provides for a smart cable that includes all the
resources to automatically identify the cable type and send cable preferences to the
media device upon connection to the media device.

[0032] Figure 6 is a flow diagram depicting method 600 of cable identification and
authentication according to another embodiment of the present invention. Method
600 essentially combines methods 400 and 500 providing for a smart cable that can
automatically perform both the identification and authentication processes upon
connection to a media device. Referring to Figure 6, method 600 may include
process 610 for powering up the cable circuitry upon connection to a media device
(or an accessory). The method may also include process 620 involving the cable
circuitry identifying a cable type, and process 630 for the cable circuitry generating
and transmitting a cable identification signal to the media device.
[0033] Next, in response to a request from the media device to initiate the
authentication process, method 600 may also include process 640 whereby the
cable circuitry starts the authentication algorithm and generates an authentication
response. Process 640 is followed by process 650 which may include sending the
authentication response back to the media device. If the cable authentication is
successful (process 660), the cable then may send its preferences to the media
device (process 670) after which media content may be communicated over the
cable (process 680). The cable preferences may include, for example, enabling
audio and/or video line out, etc. If authentication fails, method 600 may include
process 690 whereby the authentication processes (640 and 650) are repeated a
predetermined number of times (n) before rejecting the cable as unauthorized. The
details of operation of the authentication process and the cable identification process
have been described above in connection with Figures 4 and 5 and will not be
repeated. It is emphasized here, however, that each of the process flow diagrams
depicts an exemplary embodiment and modifications and alternatives are possible.
For example, the identification process and or the authentication process may occur
with or without an inquiry from the media device. For example, in one embodiment,
the process (630) whereby the cable identifies its type to the media device may
include the cable also requasting to be authenticated in response to this request
from the cable, the media device may send an authentication request signal to tne
cable initiating the cable authentication process. Also, the various authentication
processes 640 and 650 may occur before, after or concurrently with identification
processes 620 and 630.

[0034] In one embodiment, the authentication processes 640 and 650 may occur
first and, depending on the result of the authentication challenge, the remaining
processes may proceed or may be halted. According to this embodiment, if the
cable apparatus transmits the expected authentication response, media device 310
may confirm thai the coupled cable apparatus is an authorized cable allowing further
processes including the cable identification process to continue. If, however, no
authentication response is received or if incorrect authentication response is
received, the media device may be prevented from transmitting data through the
attached cable apparatus, and subsequent processes cannot proceed.
[0035] In all of the various embodiments described above, communication between
the cable apparatus, the media device and the accessory can be based on any one
of a variety of interface protocols. One example of such an interface protocol is the
iPod Accessory Protocol developed by Apple Inc. that can facilitate communication
between an iPod or iPhone and accessories via a smart cable apparatus according
to the present invention. This particular protocol is described in greater detail in
commonly assigned U.S. Patent Number 7,293,122, entitled "Connector Interface
System Facilitating Communication Between a Media Player and an Accessory," to
Schubert et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Also, one
example of the type of connector suitable for connector 110 over which the above-
referenced interface protocol can be communicated is described in the above-
referenced patent application number 11/650,330 (Attorney Docket No. 20750P-
002400/P4998), titled "Backward Compatible Connector System," by Murphy et al.,
which in addition to the PCB inside the boot structure also describes, as shown in
Figure 7, a specific number of pins (e.g., 30) and signal assignments for those pins
that facilitate the protocol, all of which is incorporated by reference.
[0036] Multiple aspects of the present invention have been described in the context
of specific embodiments for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art will
appieciate that various alternatives, moditicanons or changes are possible the
above description should therefore not be limiting of the scope of the present
invention, which should instead be determined by the following claims and their full
breadth of equivalents.

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1 1. A cable apparatus comprising:
2 a first connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or more

3 processing components, the plurality of contacts being configured to couple to a first
4 electronic device;

5 a cable coupled to the first connector; and
6 one or more second connectors coupled to the cable and configured to couple
7 to one or more second electronic devices;
8 wherein the one or more processing components comprise a micro-controller
9 and an authentication coprocessor, where the micro-controller is configured to receive an
10 authentication inquiry from the first electronic device through the plurality of contacts and to
11 provide the authentication inquiry to the authentication coprocessor, and wherein the
12 coprocessor is configured to process the authentication inquiry and generate an authentication
13 response, and send the authentication response to the micro-controller, where the micro-
14 controller is further configured to provide the authentication response to the first electronic
15 device through the plurality of contacts.
1 2 The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein the micro-controller detects a
2 signal level on an identification wire inside the cable apparatus and identifies a cable type
3 based on the detected signal level on the identification wire.
1 3 The cable apparatus of claim 2 wherein the identification wire is
2 coupled to a resistor.
1 4. The cable apparatus of claim 2 wherein the identification wire is
2 coupled to a resistor divider.
1 5. The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein the authentication processor
2 processes the authentication inquiry using digital signatures.
6. The cableappartus of than claim 1 wheren the authomatically prossor
2 processes the authentication inquiry using security certificates.
1 7. The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein the authentication processor
2 processes the authentication inquiry using public key encryption.

1 8. The cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein after authentication response is
2 sent to the first electronic device, the first electronic device continues to communicate with
3 the cable apparatus.
1 9. 'I he cable apparatus of claim 1 wherein'.he one or more processing
2 components are housed inside a boot of the first connector and electrically couple to one or
3 more of the plurality of contacts.

1 10. A cable apparatus comprising:
2 a first connector including a housing, a plurality of contacts, and one or more

3 processing components, the plurality of contacts being configured to couple to a first
4 electronic device;

5 a cable coupled to the first connector; and
6 one or more second connectors coupled to the cable and configured to couple
7 to one or more second electronic devices;
8 wherein:
9 the one or more processing components arc configured to identify a type of the

10 cable apparatus, generate an identification signal, and send the identification signal to the first
11 electronic device through the plurality of contacts, wherein the identification signal identifies
12 what types of signals the cable apparatus can carry.
1 11. The cable apparatus of claim 10 wherein the one or more processing
2 components include a micro-controller coupled to an identification circuit.
1 12. The cable apparatus of claim 11 wherein the micro-controller is further
2 configured to detect a signal level supplied by the identification circuit and to determine the
3 type of the cable apparatus based at least on the detected signal level.
1 13. The cable apparatus of claim 12 wherein the signal level supplied by
2 the identification circuit is predetermined.
1 14. The cable apparatus of claim 10 wherein the one or more processing
2 components include a micro-controller that is configured to determine the type of the cable
3 apparatus based on detecting which of the one or more second connectors are connected to
4 respective one or more second electronic devices.

1 15. The cable apparatus of claim 10 wherein the types of signals the cable
2 apparatus can carry can be one or more from among a plurality of signal types including
3 composite video, component video, S-video, HDMI or other digital video formats.
1 16. The cable apparatus of claim 10 w heroin the one or more processing
2 components are further configured to receive an authentication inquiry from a the first
3 electronic device through the plurality of contacts, to generate an authentication response, and
4 to send the authentication response to the first electronic device through the plurality of
5 contacts.
1 17. A method of operating a cable apparatus, the method comprising an
2 authentication method comprising:
3 the cable apparatus receiving an authentication inquiry from an electronic
4 device with a micro-controller;
5 the micro-controller providing the authentication inquiry to an authentication
6 coprocessor, the authentication coprocessor processing the authentication inquiry;
7 the authentication coprocessor generating an authentication response that is
8 associated with whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic
9 device and providing the authentication response to the micro-controller; and
10 the micro-controller sending the authentication response from the cable
11 apparatus to the electronic device.
1 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the authentication processor
2 processes the authentication inquiry using digital signatures.
1 19. The method of claim 17 wherein the authentication processor
2 processes the authentication inquiry using security certificates.
1 20. The method of claim 17 wherein the authentication processor
2 processes the authentication inquiry using public key encryption.
1 21. The method of claim 17 further comprising a cable identification
2 method, the cable identification method comprising:
3 the micro-controller detecting a signal level on an identification wire inside
4 the cable apparatus;

5 the micro-controller identifying a cable type based on the detected signal level
6 on the identification wire; and
7 the micro-controller sending to an electronic device, a cable identification
8 signal based at least in part on information associated with the identified cable type,
9 wherein, the identification signal is associated with one or more t\pes of
10 signals related to the cable apparatus.
1 22. The method of claim 21 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a
2 resistor.
1 23. The method of claim 21 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a
2 resistor divider.
1 24. The method of claim 21 wherein the cable identification method
2 further comprises the cable apparatus receiving an identification request from the electronic
3 device.

1 25. A method for identifying a cable apparatus, the method comprising:
2 the cable apparatus detecting a signal level on an identification wire inside the
3 cable apparatus;
4 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on the detected signal level
5 on the identification wire; and
6 the cable apparatus sending to an electronic device, a cable identification
7 signal based at least in part on information associated with the identified cable type,
8 wherein, the identification signal is associated with one or more types of
9 signals related to the cable apparatus.
1 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a
2 resistor.
1 27. The method of claim 25 wherein the identification wire is coupled to a
8. The method of claim 25 further comprising the cable apparatus
2 receiving an identification request from the electronic device.

1 29. A method of identifying types of electronic device coupled to a cable
2 apparatus, the method comprising:
3 the cable apparatus detecting a type of first electronic device to which it is
4 connected through a first connector by applying one or more test signals to one or more pins
5 of the first connector;
6 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on one or more signals
7 returned in response to the one or more test signals applied to the first connector; and
8 the cable apparatus sending to a second electronic device, a cable
9 identification signal based at least in part on information associated with the identified cable
10 type.
1 30. The method of claim 29 further comprising:
2 the cable apparatus detecting a type of second electronic device to which it is

3 connected through a second connector by applying one or more test signals to one or more
4 pins of the second connector;
5 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on one or more signals
6 returned in response to the one or more test signals applied to the second connector.
1 31. The method of claim 29 further comprising the cable apparatus
2 receiving an identification request from the second electronic device.
1 32. A method of operating a cable apparatus., the method comprising:
2 an identification method comprising:
3 receiving power from an electronic device; and
4 without receiving a request for a cable identification signal from the electronic

5 device, sending to the electronic device a cable identification signal based at least in part on
6 information associated with an identified cable type;
7 wherein the identification signal is associated with one or more types of
8 signals related to the cable apparatus; and
9 an authentieation method comprising.:
10 the cable apparatus receiving an authentication inquiry from an electronic
11 device;
12 the cable apparatus processing the authentication inquiry by an authentication
13 circuitry;

14 the authentication circuitry generating an authentication response that is
15 associated with whether the cable apparatus is an authorized accessory for the electronic
16 device; and
17 the cable apparatus sending the authentication response from the cable
1 8 apparatus to the electronic device.
1 33. The method of claim 32, the identification method further comprising:
2 the cable apparatus detecting a signal level on an identification wire inside the
3 cable apparatus; and
4 the cable apparatus identifying a cable type based on the detected signal level
5 on the identification wire.

A smart cable apparatus includes resources that provide for additional
functionality such as cable authentication and cable identification. The cable
apparatus can be configured for coupling an electronic device such as a media
player to other electronic devices such as media player accessories. The cable
apparatus includes one or more processing components that can be integrated as
part of the cable apparatus. The one or more processing components can be
configured to identify the type of signal the cable apparatus is intended to carry, and
to communicate that information to the electronic device to which it is connected.
The one or more processing components can also be configured to process
authentication inquires to indicate whether the cable apparatus is an authorized
accessory for the electronic device.

Documents:

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Patent Number

279722

Indian Patent Application Number

1509/KOL/2008

PG Journal Number

05/2017

Publication Date

03-Feb-2017

Grant Date

30-Jan-2017

Date of Filing

02-Sep-2008

Name of Patentee

APPLE INC.

Applicant Address

1 INFINITE LOOP, M/S 40-PAT CUPERTINO, CALIFORNIA

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	MINOO, JAHAN	731 MARCIE CIRCLE, SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94080
2	DOROGUSKER JESSE L.	111 PINE LANE, LOS ALTOS, CALIFORNIA 94022
3	LAEFER JAY	1180 LOCHINVAR AVENUE APT., 129 SUNNYVALE, CALIFORNIA 94087
4	KRUEGER, SCOTT	1860 WASHINGTON STREET #401, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFONIA 94109

PCT International Classification Number

G06F21/00;

PCT International Application Number

N/A

PCT International Filing date

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	60/969946	2007-09-04	U.S.A.
2	12/030429	2008-02-13	U.S.A.