Title of Invention

"A PROCESS FOR PREPARING DIAMINO SUBSTITUTED PYRIMIDINE COMPOUNDS"

Abstract A process for the preparation of pyrimidine derivatives, which are useful as VEGFR2 inhibitors is described herein. The described invention also includes pyrimidine derivatives as well as methods of using the same in the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases. (FIG. - Nil)
Full Text A PROCESS FOR PREPARING DIAMINO SUBSTITUTED PYRIMIDINE COMPOUNDS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to pyrimidine derivatives, salts and solvates
thereof as well as a process for preparing the same. In particular, the present
invention relates to diamino substituted pyrimidines, anhydrous, hydrated and salt
forms thereof, as well as processes for preparing the same.
The process of angiogenesis is the development of new blood vessels from
pre-existing vasculature. Normal angiogenesis is active during tissue growth from
embryonic development through maturity and then enters a period of relative
quiescence during adulthood. Normal angiogenesis is also activated during wound
healing, and at certain stages of the female reproductive cycle. Inappropriate or
pathological angiogenesis has been associated with several disease states including
various retinopathies, ischemic disease, atherosclerosis, chronic inflammatory
disorders, and cancer. The role of angiogenesis in disease states is discussed, for
instance, in Fan et al, Trends in Pharmacol Sci. 16:54-66; Shawver et al, DDT Vol. 2, No.
2 February 1997; Folkmann, 1995, Nature Medicine 1:27-31.
Central to the process of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) and it"s receptors, termed vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(s)
(VEGFRs). The roles VEGF and VEGFRs play in the vascularization of solid tumors,
progression of hematopoietic cancers and modulation of vascular permeability have
drawn great interest in the scientific community. VEGF is a polypeptide, which has
been linked to inappropriate or pathological angiogenesis (Pinedo, H.M. et al The
Oncologist, Vol.5, No. 90001, 1-2, April 2000). VEGFR(s) are protein tyrosine kinases
(PTKs) that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues in proteins that
are involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and survival. (A.F. Wilks,
Progress in Growth Factor Research, 1990, 2, 97-111; S.A. Courtneidge, Dev. Supp.l,
1993, 57-64; J.A. Cooper, Semin. Cell Biol., 1994, 5(6), 377-387; R.F. Paulson, Semin.
Immunol., 1995, 7(4), 267-277; A.C. Chan, Curr. Opin. Immunol., 1996, 8(3), 394-401).
Of particular interest is VE6FR2, which is a transmembrane receptor PTK
expressed primarily in endothelial cells. Activation of VEGFR-2 by VEGF is a critical
step in the signal transduction pathway that initiates tumor angiogenesis. VEGF
expression may be constitutive to tumor cells and can also be upregulated in response
to certain stimuli. one such stimulus is hypoxia, where VEGF expression is upregulated
in both tumor and associated host tissues. The VEGF ligand activates VEGFR2 by
binding to its extracellular VEGF binding site. This leads to receptor dimerization of
VEGFRs and autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues at the intracellular kinase
domain of VEGFR2. The kinase domain operates to transfer a phosphate from ATP to
the tyrosine residues, thus providing binding sites for signaling proteins downstream
of VEGFR-2 leading ultimately to angiogenesis. (Ferrara and Davis-Smyth, Endocrine
Reviews, 18(1):4-25, 1997; McMahon, G., The Oncologist, Vol. 5, No. 90001, 3-10, April
2000.)
Consequently, antagonism of the VEGFR2 kinase domain would block
phosphorylation of tyrosine residues and serve to disrupt initiation of angiogenesis.
Specifically, inhibition at the ATP binding site of the VEGFR2 kinase domain would
prevent binding of ATP and prevent phosphorylation of tyrosine residues. Such
disruption of the pro-angiogenesis signal transduction pathway associated with
VEGFR2 should therefore inhibit tumor angiogenesis and thereby provide a potent
treatment for cancer or other disorders associated with inappropriate angiogenesis.
The present inventors have discovered diamino substituted pyrimidines, salts
and solvates thereof as well as processes for making the same. Such pyrimidine
derivatives are inhibitors of VEGFR2 activity and are useful in the treatment of
disorders, including cancer, associated with inappropriate angiogenesis.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for preparing a
compound of formula (R),
comprising the step of :
reacting a compound of formula (Q)
with an alkylating agent,
wherein
X1 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, or C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl;
X2 is C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyI, or aralkyl; and
X3 is hydrogen or halogen.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for
preparing a compound of formula (I)
comprising the step of:
reacting a compound of formula (Q")
with an alkylating agent to prepare a compound of formula (R1),
wherein:
X1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
X2 is C1-C4alkyl or benzyl;
X4 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl;
Q1 is A1 or A2;
Q2 is A" when Q1 is A2 and Q2 is A2 when Q1 is A1;
wherein
A1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C1-C alkoxy, and
A2 is the group defined by -(Z)m-(Z1)-(Z2), wherein
Z is C(R")(R"), where R1 and R" are independently selected from -H or
C1-C4 alkyl, or R" and R" together with the carbon to whiQ2 they are attaQ2ed
form a C3-C7cycloalkyl group and m isO, 1, 2, or 3;
Z1 is S(O)2, S(O), or C(O); and
Z2 is C1-C4 alkyl, NR"R2, aryl, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy, or heteroaryl,
R" and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, -
S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3; and
R3 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for
preparing a compound of formula (I)
comprising the steps of:
(i) reacting a compound of formula (Q1)
with an alkylating agent to prepare a compound of formula (R1),
;and
(ii) converting the compound of formula (R1) to the compound of formula (I),
said converting step comprising condensation with a compound of formula1 (A1) and
then a compound of formula (A")
wherein:
X1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
X2 is C1-C4alkyl or benzyl;
X4 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
Q1 is A"or A2;
Q2 is A1 when Q1 is A2 and Q2 is A2 when Q1 is A";
wherein
A1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, and
A2 is the group defined by -(Z)m-(Z")-(Z2), wherein
Z is C(R")(R"), where R1 and R" are independently selected from -H or
C1-C4 alkyl, or R" and R" together with the carbon to whiQ2 they are attaQ2ed
form a C3-C7cycloalkyl group and m is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
Z1 is S(0)2l S(0), or C(0); and
Z2 is C1-C4 alkyl, NR1R2, aryl, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy, or heteroaryl,
R"and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, -
S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3; and
R3 is C1-C4alkyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As used herein, the term "effective amount" means that amount of a drug or
pharmaceutical agent that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue,
system, animal or human that is being sought, for instance, by a researcher or
clinician. Furthermore, the term "therapeutically effective amount" means any
amount which, as compared to a corresponding subject who has not received such
amount, results in improved treatment, healing, prevention, or amelioration of a
disease, disorder, or side effect, or a decrease in the rate of advancement of a disease
or disorder. The term also includes within its scope amounts effective to enhance
normal physiological function.
As used herein, the term "lower" refers to a group having between one and six
carbons.
As used herein, the term "alkyl" refers to a straight or branched chain
hydrocarbon having from one to twelve carbon atoms, optionally substituted with
substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower
alkylsulfanyl, lower alkylsulfenyl, lower alkylsulfonyl, oxo, mercapto, amino optionally
substituted by alkyl, carboxy, carbamoyl optionally substituted by alkyl, aminosulfonyl
optionally substituted by alkyl, nitro, or lower perfluoroalkyl, multiple degrees of
substitution being allowed. Examples of "alkyl" as used herein include, but are not
limited to, n-butyl, n-pentyl, isobutyl, and isopropyl, and the like.
As used herein, the term "C1-C4alkyl" refers to an alkyl group, as defined above,
which contains at least 1, and at most 4, carbon atoms. Examples of "C1-C4 alkyl"
groups useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl,
propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl and n-butyl. In a like manner, the term "C1-C3 alkyl" refers to
an alkyl group, as defined above, which contains at least 1, and at most"3, carbon
atoms respectively. Examples of "C1-C3 alkyl" groups useful in the present mvention
include, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl and isopropyl.
As used herein the term "alkylene" refers to a straight or branched chain
hydrocarbon radical having from one to ten carbon atoms, optionally substituted with
substituents selected from the group which includes lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower
alkylsulfanyl, lower alkylsulfenyl, lower alkylsulfonyl, oxo, hydroxy, mercapto, amino
optionally substituted by alkyl, carboxy, carbamoyl optionally substituted by alkyl,
aminosulfonyl optionally substituted by alkyl, nitro, cyano, halogen and lower
perfluoroalkyl, multiple degrees of substitution being allowed. Examples of "alkylene"
as used herein include, but are not limited to, methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, n-
butylene, and the like.
As used herein, the term "C1-C4alkylene" refers to an alkylene group, as defined
above, which contains at least 1, and at most 4, carbon atoms respectively. Examples
of "Ct-C4 alkylene" groups useful in the present invention include, but are not limited
to, methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, and n-butylene.
As used herein, the terms "halogen" or "halo" refer to fluoro (-F), chloro (-CI),
bromo (-Br), or iodo (-I).
As used herein, the term "C1-C4haloalkyl" refers to a straight or branched chain
hydrocarbon containing at least 1, and at most 4, carbon atoms substituted with at
least one halogen, halogen being as defined herein. Examples of branched or straight
chained "C1-C4 haloalkyl" groups useful in the present invention include, but are not
limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl and n-butyl substituted
independently with one or more halogens, e.g., fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
In a like manner, the term "C1-C3 haloalkyl" refers to a straight or branched
chain hydrocarbon containing at least 1, and at most 3, carbon atoms respectively
substituted with at least one halogen, halogen being as defined herein. Examples of
branched or straight chained "C1-C3 haloalkyl" groups useful in the present invention
include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, and isopropyl substituted
independently with one or more halogens, e.g., fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
As used herein, the term "hydroxy" refers to the group -OH.
As used herein, the term "C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl" refers to a straight or branched
chain hydrocarbon containing at least 1, and at most 4, carbon atoms substituted
with at least one hydroxy, hydroxy being as defined herein. Examples of branched or
straight chained "C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl" groups useful in the present invention include,
but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl and n-butyl
substituted independently with one or more hydroxy groups.
As used herein, the term "C3-C7 cycloalkyl" refers to a non-aromatic cyclic
hydrocarbon ring having from three to seven carbon atoms, which optionally includes
a C1-C4 alkylene linker through which it may be attached. Exemplary "C3-C7 cycloalkyl"
groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl
and cycloheptyl.
As used herein, the term "heterocyclic" or the term "heterocyclyl" refers to a
three to twelve-membered non-aromatic ring being saturated or having one or more
degrees of unsaturation containing one or more heteroatomic substitutions selected
from 5, SO, SO2, 0, or N, optionally substituted with substituents selected from the
group consisting of lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylsulfanyl, lower alkylsulfenyl,
lower alkylsulfonyl, oxo, hydroxy, mercapto, amino optionally substituted by alkyl,
carboxy, carbamoyl optionally substituted by alkyl, aminosulfonyl optionally
substituted by alkyl, nitro, cyano, halogen, or lower perfluoroalkyl, multiple degrees of
substitution being allowed. Such a ring may be optionally fused to one or more of
another "heterocyelic" ring(s) or cycloalkyl ring(s). Examples of "heterocyclic" include,
but are not limited to, tetrahydrofuran, pyran, 1,4-dioxane, 1,3-dioxane, piperidine,
pyrrolidine, morphoiine, tetrahydrothiopyran, tetrahydrothiophene, and the like.
As used herein, the term "aryl" refers to an optionally substituted benzene ring
or to an optionally substituted benzene ring system fused to one or more optionally
substituted benzene rings to form, for example, anthracene, phenanthrene, or
napthalene ring systems. Exemplary optional substituents include lower alkyl, lower
alkoxy, lower alkylsulfanyl, lower alkylsulfenyl, lower alkylsulfonyl, oxo, hydroxy,
mercapto, amino optionally substituted by alkyl, carboxy, tetrazolyl, carbamoyl
optionally substituted by alkyl, aminosulfonyl optionally substituted by alkyl, acyl,
aroyl, heteroaroyl, acyloxy, aroyloxy, heteroaroyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, nitro, cyano,
halogen, lower perfluoroalkyl, heteroaryl, or aryl, multiple degrees of substitution
being allowed. Examples of "aryl" groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, 2-
naphthyl, 1-naphthyl, biphenyl, as well as substituted derivatives thereof.
As used herein, the term "aralkyl" refers to an aryl or heteroaryl group,.as
defined herein including both unsubstituted and substituted versions thereof,
attached through a lower alkylene linker, wherein lower alkylene is as defined herein.
As used herein, the term "heteroaralkyl" is included within the scope of the term
"aralkyl". The term heteroaralkyl is defined as a heteroaryl group, as defined herein,
attached through a lower alkylene linker, lower alkylene is as defined herein. Examples
of "aralkyl", including "heteroaralkyl", include, but are not limited to, unsubstituted
and substituted benzyl, phenylpropyl, 2-pyridinylmethyl, 4-pyridinylmethyl, 3-
isoxazolylmethyl, 5-methyl-3-isoxazolylmethyl, 2-imidazoyly ethyl. The substituted
versions, for instance substituted benzyl, are substituted with at least one of the
groups recited as optional substituents in the aryl and heteroaryl definitions above.
As used herein, the term "arylamino" refers to an aryl or heteroaryl group, as
defined herein, attached through an amino group -NR2-, wherein R2 is as defined
herein.
As used herein, the term "heteroaryl" refers to a monoeyclic five to seven
membered aromatic ring, or to a fused bicyclic aromatic ring system comprising two
of such monocyclic five to seven membered aromatic rings. These heteroaryl rings
contain one or more nitrogen, sulfur, and/or oxygen heteroatoms, where N-oxides and
sulfur oxides and dioxides are permissible heteroatom substitutions and may be
optionaly substituted with up to three members selected from a group consisting of
lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylsulfanyl, lower alkylsulfenyl, lower alkylsulfonyl,
oxo, hydroxy, mercapto, amino optionally substituted by alkyl, carboxy, tetrazolyl,
carbamoyl optionally substituted by alkyl, aminosulfonyl optionally substituted by
alkyl, acyl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, acyloxy, aroyloxy, heteroaroyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, nitro,
cyano, halogen, lower perfluoroalkyl, heteroaryl, or aryl, multiple degrees of
substitution being allowed. Examples of "heteroaryl" groups used herein include
furan, thiophene, pyrrole, imidazole, pyrazole, triazole, tetrazole, thiazole, oxazole,
isoxazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole, isothiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrazine,
pyrimidine, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzofuran, benzothiophene, indole, indazole, and
substituted versions thereof.
As used herein, the term "alkoxy" refers to the group RaO-, where Ra is alkyl as
defined above and the term "C1-C2 alkoxy" refers to the group RaO-, where Ra is C1-C2
alkyl as defined above.
As used herein, the term "haloalkoxy" refers to the group RaO-, where Ra is
haloalkyl as defined above and the term "C1-C2 haloalkoxy" refers to the group RaO-,
where Ra is C1-C2 halolkyl as defined above.
As used herein the term "aralkoxy" refers to the group RbRaO-, where Ra is
alkylene and Rb is aryl, both as defined above.
As used herein, the term "alkylsulfanyl" refers to the group RaS-, where R= is
aikyl as defined above.
As used herein, the term "alkylsulfenyl" refers to the group RaS(O)-, where Ra is
alkyl as defined above.
As used herein, the term "alkylsulfonyl" refers to the group RaSch-, where Ra is
alkyl as defined above.
As used herein, the term "oxo" refers to the group =0
As used herein, the term "mercapto" refers to the group -SH.
As used herein, the term "carboxy" refers to the group -COOH.
As used herein, the term "cyano" refers to the group -CN.
As used herein the term "eyanoalkyl" refers to the group -RaCN wherein Ra is
C1-C3 alkylene as defined above. Exemplary "eyanoalkyl" groups useful in the present
invention include, but are not limited to, cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl, and cyanopropyl.
As used herein, the term "aminosulfonyl" refers to the group
-SO2NH2.
As used herein, the term "carbamoyl" refers to the group -C(0)NH2.
As used herein, the term "sulfanyl" shall refer to the group -S-.
As used herein, the term "sulfenyl" shall refer to the group -S(0)-.
As used herein, the term "sulfonyl" shall refer to the group -S(0)2- or -SO2- or
-S(02).
As used herein, the term "aeyl" refers to the group RaC(O)-, where Ra is alkyl,
cyeloalkyl, or heterocyelyl as defined herein.
As used herein, the term "aroyl" refers to the group RaC(O)- , where Ra is aryl as
defined herein.
As used herein, the term "heteroaroyl" refers to the group RaC(O)- , where Ra is
heteroaryl as defined herein.
As used herein, the term "alkoxycarbonyl" refers to the group RaOC(O)-, where
Ra is alkyl as defined herein.
As used herein, the term "acyloxy" refers to the group RaC(O)O- , where Ra is
alkyl, eycloalkyl, or heteroeyelyl as defined herein.
As used herein, the term "aroyloxy" refers to the group RaC(O)O- , where Ra is
aryl as defined herein.
As used herein, the term "heteroaroyloxy" refers to the group RaC(0)0-, where
Ra is heteroaryl as defined herein.
As used herein, the term "optionally" means that the subsequently described
event(s) may or may not occur, and includes both event(s), which occur, and events
that do not occur.
As used herein, the term "physiologically functional derivative" refers to any
pharmaceutically acceptable derivative of a compound of the present invention, for
example, an ester or an amide, which upon administration to a mammal is capable of
providing (directly or indirectly) a compound of the present invention or an active
metabolite thereof. Such derivatives are clear to those skilled in the art, without
undue experimentation, and with reference to the teaching of Burger"s Medicinal
chemistry And Drug Discovery, 5th Edition, Vol 1: Principles and Practice, which is
incorporated herein by reference to the extent that it teaches physiologically
functional derivatives.
As used herein, the term "solvate" refers to a complex of variable
stoichiometry formed by a solute (in this invention, a compound of formula (I) or a
salt or physiologically functional derivative thereof) and a solvent. Such solvents for
the purpose of the invention may not interfere with the biological activity of the
solute. Examples of suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, water, methanol,
ethanol and acetic acid. Preferably the solvent used is a pharmaceutically acceptable
solvent. Examples of suitable pharmaceutically acceptable solvents include water,
ethanol and acetic acid. Most preferably the solvent used is water.
The compounds of formula (I) may have the ability to crystallize in more than
one form, a characteristic, which is known as polymorphism, and it is understood that
such polymorphic forms ("polymorphs") are within the scope of formula (I).
Polymorphism generally can occur as a response to changes in temperature or
pressure or both and can also result from variations in the crystallization process.
Polymorphs can be distinguished by various physical characteristics known in the art
such as x-ray diffraction patterns, solubility, and melting point.
As used herein, the term "substituted" refers to substitution with the named
substituent or substituents, multiple degrees of substitution being allowed unless
otherwise stated.
Certain of the compounds described herein may contain one or more chiral
atoms, or may otherwise be capable of existing as two enantiomers. Accordingly, the
compounds of this invention include mixtures of enantiomers as well as purified
enantiomers or enantiomerically enriched mixtures. Also included within the scope of
the invention are the individual isomers of the compounds represented by formula (I)
above as well as any wholly or partially equilibrated mixtures thereof. The present
invention also covers the individual isomers of the compounds represented by the
formulas above as mixtures with isomers thereof in which one or more chiral centers
are inverted.
It is also noted that the compounds of Formula (I) may form tautomers. It is
understood that all tautomers and mixtures of tautomers of the compounds of the
compounds of formula (I) are included within the scope of the compounds of the
present invention.
The present invention includes a process for preparing a compound of formula
(R)
Generally, X1 is hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl,C1-C4 haloalkyl, or C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl;
preferably Xi is C1-C4alkyl; more preferably X1 is methyl.
X2 is C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4haloalkyl, or aralkyl; preferably X2 is C1-C4alkyl or aralkyl.
In one preferred embodiment, X2 is benzyl. In another preferred embodiment, X2 is
methyl or ethyl, preferably methyl.
X3 is hydrogen or halogen, preferably hydrogen.
In one embodiment, the compound of formula (R) is
The compound of formula R is prepared by reacting a compound of formula
(Q)
with an alkylating agent.
X1 and X3 of formula (Q) are as described above for formula (R).
Typically, the conditions for the N-2 alkylation of the compound of formula
(Q) are any conditions suitable to effect such N-2 alkylation. Suitable alkylating
agents are described for instance in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis;
Paquette, L. A., Ed,; John Wiley & Sons, 1995. Examples include, but are not limited
to, (1) reacting a compound of formula (Q) with a trialkyloxonium salt such as
trimethyloxonium or triethyloxonium salts in organic solvents such as acetone, methyl
acetate, ethyl acetate, and nitromethane, specifically, trimethyloxonium salts such as
trimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate and triethyloxonium salts such as
trimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate (Meerwein"s salt) can be used as suitable
alkylating agents (such trialkyloxonium salts are known in the art); (2) reacting a
compound of formula (Q) with sulfuric acid and dimethyl sulfate in organic solvents
such as DMSO and dichloromethane; and (3) reacting a compound of formula (Q) with
trimethylorthoformate and boron trifluoride etherate (in situ generation of Borsch"s
reagent) in organic solvents such as dichloromethane.
The present invention also includes a process for preparing a compound of
formula (I)
X1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl; preferably C1-C4alkyl; more preferably methyl.
X2 is C1-C4 alkyl or benzyl; preferably methyl, ethyl or benzyl; more preferably
methyl.
X4 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; preferably methyl or ethyl, more preferably
methyl.
Q1 is A1 or A2 where ch is A" when Q1 is A2 and ch is A2 when Q1 is A1;
preferably ch is A2 when Q1 is A", where A1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3
haloalkyl, -0(C1-C4 alkyl), preferably A" is C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or -0(C1-C4 alkyl),
more preferably A" is C1-C3 alkyl, most preferably methyl and A2 is the group defined
by -(Z)m-(Z"HZ2), wherein
Z is C(R")(R"). where R1 and R" are independently selected from -H or
C1-C4 alkyl, or R" and R" together with the carbon to which they are attached
form a C3-C7cycloalkyl groupand m is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
Z1 is S(O)2, S(0), orC(0);and
Z2 is C1-C4alkyl, NR1R2, aryl, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy, or heteroaryl,
R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C3-C7cycloalkyl, -
S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3; and
R3 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl.
In one embodiment, Qi is A2 and ch is A1, A1 is hydrogen, m is 1 and A2 is -(Z)m-
(Z1)-(Z2); where Z is C(R")R"), where R" and R" are each hydrogen; Z1 is S(O)2, and Z2 is
C1-C4alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl.
In another embodiment, Q1 is A1 and ch is A2, A1 is C1-C4alkyl, preferably methyl
or ethyl, more preferably methyl, m is 0 and A2 is -(Z1)-(Z2); where Z1 is S(O)2, and Z2 is
NR"R2, where R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-
C7 cycloalkyl, -S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3, where R3 is as defined above; preferably R1 and R2
are each independently hydrogen or methyl; preferably each of R"and R2 is hydrogen.
In another embodiment, the process of preparing a compound of formula (I)
includes the step of:
(i) reacting a compound of formula (Q1)
with an alkylating agent to prepare a compound of formula (R1),
X1, X2, and the alkylating agent are as defined above.
Such process may further comprise a step (ii) wherein the compound of
formula (R) is converted to a compound of formula (I) by condensation with a
compound of formula (A1) and then a compound of formula (A")
Q1 and ch are as described above.
In a further embodiment, the process includes a further step (ii1) reducing the
compound of formula (R1) to a compound of formula (R"):
Such step (iir) is typically performed before or concurrently with step (ii).
In a further embodiment, the process includes a further step (iii1) alkylating
the compound of formula (S) to a compound of formula (T):
Such step (ii1) is typically performed before or concurrently with the second
condensation step as illustrated in Scheme 1. The alkylation is performed using
methods known in the art, see Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis;
Paquette, L A., Ed.; John Wiley ft Sons, 1995, and is further described in Scheme 1 and
the Examples following.
In still another embodiment, the process includes a further step (iii) converting
the compound of formula (I) into a salt and/or solvated form of the compound of
formula (I).
Scheme 1 depicts one embodiment of a process for preparing compounds of
Formula (I). A substituted 6-nitroindazole Q1 undergoes alkylation by an appropriate
alkylating agent (see above) to provide the N2-alkylated nitroindazole R1. Reduction
of the nitro group using standard conditions (e.g., SnCl2, aqueous acid or 10% Pd/C,
methanol, ammonium formate) followed by condensation with 2,4-diehloropyrimidine
provides the chloropyrimidine S. Alkylation of the bisaryl amine nitrogen under
appropriate alkylation conditions (e.g., Mel, Cs2CO3 or NaH, DMF) affords intermediate
T, which undergoes subsequent condensation with an appropriately substituted aniline
{A") to provide the compound of Formula (I). X1, X2, X4, Q1 and ch are as described
above.
SchEME 1
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compound of
Formula (I):
or a salt, solvate, or physiologically functional derivative thereof:
wherein:
X1 is hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, or C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl;
X2 is C1-C4.alkyl or benzyl;
X4 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
Q1 is A1 or A2;
O2 is A1 when Q1 is A2 and Q2 is A2 when Q1 is A1;
wherein
A1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, -0(C1-C4 alkyl), and
A2 is the group defined by -(Z)m-(Z1)-(Z2), wherein
Z is C(R")(R"). where R1 and R" are independently selected from -H or
C1-C4alkyl, or R" and R" together with the carbon to which they are attached
form a C3-C7 cycloalkyl group and m is 0, 1,2, or 3;
Z1 is S(O)2, S(0), or C(O); and
Z2 is C1-C4alkyl, NR1R2, aryl, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy, or heteroaryl,
R" and R2 are each independently selected from hydroqen, C1-C4 alkyf. C3-C7 cycloalkyl, -
S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3; and
R3 is C1.-C4alkyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl.
In one embodiment, X1 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; preferably C1-C4 alkyl; more
preferably methyl.
In one embodiment, X2 is C1-C4 alkyl or benzyl; preferably methyl, ethyl or
benzyl; more preferably methyl.
In one embodiment, X4 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; preferably methyl or ethyl;
more preferably methyl.
In one embodiment, Q1 is A1 or A2 where ch is A1 when Q1 is A2 and ch is A2
when Q1 is A"; preferably ch is A2 when Q1 is A", where A" is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3
alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, -0(C1-C4 alkyl). preferably A" is C1-C3 alkyl, C1-C3 haloalkyl, or -
O(C1-C4alkyl), more preferably A1 is C1-C3 alkyl, most preferably methyl and A2 is the
group defined by -(Z)m-(Z")-(Z2), wherein
Z is C(R")(R"), where R" and R" are independently selected from -H or
C1-C4alkyl, or R" and R" together with the carbon to which they are attached
form a C3-C7cycloalkyl group and m is 0, 1,2, or 3;
T is S(0)2, S(0), or C(0); and
Z2 is C1-C4alkyl, NR"R2, aryl, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy, or heteroaryl,
R"and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1alkyl, C3-C7cycioalkyl, -
S(0)2R3, and -C(0)R3; and
R3 is C1-C4alkyl or C3-C7cycloalkyl.
In one embodiment, Q1 is A2 and Q2 is A1, A1 is hydrogen, m is 1 and A2 is -(Z)m-
(Z1)-(Z2)\ where Z is C(R")(R"), where R1 and R" are each hydrogen; Z1 is S(0)2, and Z2 is
C1-C4alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl.
In another embodiment, Qi is A1 and ch is A2, A1 is Ci-C4alkyl, preferably methyl
or ethyl, more preferably methyl, m is 0 and A2 is -(Z")-(Z2); where Z1 is S(0)2, and Z2 is
NR"R2, where R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C4alkyl, C3-
C7 cycloalkyl, -S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3, where R3 is as defined above; preferably R1 and R2
are each independently hydrogen or methyl; preferably each of R1 and R2 is hydrogen.
In another embodiment, there is provided compounds useful as intermediates
in the preparation of compounds of formula (I):
2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole
2,3-dimethyl-6-amino-2H-indazole
N-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-amine
N-(2-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-N,2(3-trimethyl-2H-indazol-6-amine
While it is possible that, for use in therapy, therapeutically effective amounts
of a compound of formula (I), as well as salts, solvates and physiological functional
derivatives thereof, may be administered as the raw chemical, it is possible to present
the active ingredient as a pharmaceutical composition. Accordingly, the invention
further provides pharmaceutical compositions, which include therapeutically effective
amounts of compounds of the formula (I) and salts, solvates and physiological
functional derivatives thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers,
diluents, or excipients. The compounds of the formula (I) and salts, solvates and
physiological functional derivatives thereof, are as described above. The carrier(s),
diluent(s) or excipient(s) must be acceptable in the sense of being compatible with the
other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof. In
accordance with another aspect of the invention there is also provided a process for .
the preparation of a pharmaceutical formulation including admixing a compound of
the formula (I), or salts, solvates, and physiological functional derivatives thereof, with
one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients.
Pharmaceutical formulations may be presented in unit dose forms containing a
predetermined amount of active ingredient per unit dose. Such a unit may contain,
for example, 0.5mg to 1g, preferably 1mg to 700mg, of a compound of the formula (I)
depending on the condition being treated, the route of administration and the age,
weight and condition of the patient. Preferred unit dosage formulations are those
containing a daily dose or sub-dose, as herein above recited, or an appropriate
fraction thereof, of an active ingredient. Furthermore, such pharmaceutical
formulations may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the pharmacy art.
Pharmaceutical formulations may be adapted for administration by any
appropriate route, for example by the oral (including buccal or sublingual), rectal,
nasal, topical (including buccal, sublingual or transdermal),. vaginal or parenteral
(including subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous or intradermal) route. Such
formulations may be prepared by any method known in the art of pharmacy, for
example by bringing into association the active ingredient with the carrier(s) or
excipient(s).
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for oral administration may be
presented as discrete units such as capsules or tablets; powders or granules; solutions
or suspensions in aqueous or non-aqueous liquids; edible foams or whips; or oil-in-
water liquid emulsions or water-in-oil liquid emulsions.
For instance, for oral administration in the form of a tablet or capsule, the
active drug component can be combined with an oral, non-toxic pharmaceutically
acceptable inert carrier such as ethanol, giycerol, water and the like. Powders are
prepared by comminuting the compound to a suitable fine size and mixing with a
similarly comminuted pharmaceutical carrier such as an edible carbohydrate, as, for
example, starch or mannitol. Flavoring, preservative, dispersing and coloring agent
can also be present.
Capsules are made by preparing a powder mixture as described above, and
filling formed gelatin sheaths. Glidants and lubricants such as colloidal silica, talc,
magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or solid polyethylene glycol can be added to the
powder mixture before the filling operation. A disintegrating or solubilizing agent
such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate can also be added to
improve the availability of the medicament when the capsule is ingested.
Moreover, when desired or necessary, suitable binders, lubricants,
disintegrating agents and coloring agents can also be incorporated into the mixture.
Suitable binders include starch, gelatin, natural sugars such as glucose or beta-lactose,
corn sweeteners, natural and synthetic gums such as acacia, tragacanth or sodium
alginate, carboxymethyleellulose, polyethylene glycol, waxes and the like. Lubricants
used in these dosage forms include sodium oleate, sodium stearate, magnesium
stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride and the like.
Disintegrators include, without limitation, starch, methyl cellulose, agar, bentonite,
xanthan gum and the like. Tablets are formulated, for example, by preparing a powder
mixture, granulating or slugging, adding a lubricant and disintegrant and pressing
into tablets. A powder mixture is prepared by mixing the compound, suitably
comminuted, with a diluent or base as described above, and optionally, with a binder
such as carboxymethyleellulose, an aliginate, gelatin, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone, a
solution retardant such as paraffin, a resorption accelerator such as a quaternary salt
and/or an absorption agent such as bentonite, kaolin or dicalcium phosphate. The
powder mixture can be granulated by wetting with a binder such as syrup, starch
paste, acadia mucilage or solutions of cellulosic or polymeric materials and forcing
through a screen. As an alternative to granulating, the powder mixture can be run
through the tablet machine and the result is imperfectly formed slugs broken into
granules. The granules can be lubricated to prevent sticking to the tablet forming dies
by means of the addition of stearic acid, a stearate salt, talc or mineral oil. The
lubricated mixture is then compressed into tablets. The compounds of the present
invention can also be combined with a free flowing inert carrier and compressed into
tablets directly without going through the granulating or slugging steps. A clear or
opaque protective coating consisting of a sealing coat of shellac, a coating of sugar or
polymeric material and a polish coating of wax can be provided. Dyestuffs can be
added to these coatings to distinguish different unit dosages.
Oral fluids such as solution, syrups and elixirs can be prepared in dosage unit
form so that a given quantity contains a predetermined amount of the compound.
Syrups can be prepared by dissolving the compound in a suitably flavored aqueous
solution, while elixirs are prepared through the use of a non-toxic alcoholic vehicle.
Suspensions can be formulated by dispersing the compound in a non-toxic vehicle.
Solubilizers and emulsifiers such as ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols and polyoxy
ethylene sorbitol ethers, preservatives, flavor additives such as peppermint oil or
natural sweeteners or saccharin or other artificial sweeteners, and the like can also be
added.
Where appropriate, dosage unit formulations for oral administration can be
microencapsulated. The formulation can also be prepared to prolong or sustain the
release as for example by coating or embedding particulate material in polymers, wax
or the like.
The compounds of formula (I) and salts, solvates and physiological functional
derivatives thereof, can also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems,
such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles and multilamellar vesicles.
Liposomes can be formed from a variety of phospholipids, such as cholesterol,
stearylamine or phosphatidylcholines.
The compounds of formula (I) and salts, solvates and physiological functional
derivatives thereof may also be delivered by the use of monoclonal antibodies as
individual carriers to which the compound molecules are coupled. The compounds
may also be coupled with soluble polymers as targetable drug carriers. Such polymers
can include polyvinylpyrrolidone, pyran copolymer,
polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamide-phenol, polyhydroxyethylaspartamidephenol, or
polyethyleneoxidepolylysine substituted with palmitoyl residues. . Furthermore, the
compounds may be coupled to a class of biodegradable polymers useful in achieving
controlled release of a drug, for example, polylactic acid, polepsilon caprolactone,
polyhydroxy butyric acid, polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyrans,
polycyanoacrylates and cross-linked or amphipathic block copolymers of hydrogels.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for transdermal administration may be
presented as discrete patches intended to remain in intimate contact with the
epidermis of the recipient for a prolonged period of time. For example, the active
ingredient may be delivered from the patch by iontophoresis as generally described in
Pharmaceutical Research, 3(6), 318 (1986).
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for topical administration may be
formulated as ointments, creams, suspensions, lotions, powders, solutions, pastes, gels,
sprays, aerosols or oils.
For treatments of the eye or other external tissues, for example mouth and
skin, the formulations are preferably applied as a topical ointment or cream. When
formulated in an ointment, the active ingredient may be employed with either a
paraffinic or a water-miscible ointment base. Alternatively, the active ingredient may
be formulated in a cream with an oil-in-water cream base or a water-in-oil base.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for topical administrations to the eye
include eye drops wherein the active ingredient is dissolved or suspended in a suitable
carrier, especially an aqueous solvent.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for topical administration in the mouth
include lozenges, pastilles and mouth washes.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for rectal administration may be
presented as suppositories or as enemas.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for nasal administration wherein the
carrier is a solid include a coarse powder having a particle size for example in the
range 20 to 500 microns which is administered in the manner in which snuff is taken,
i.e., by rapid inhalation through the nasal passage from a container of the powder
held close up to the nose. Suitable formulations wherein the carrier is a liquid, for
administration as a nasal spray or as nasal drops, include aqueous or oil solutions of
the active ingredient.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for administration by inhalation include
fine particle dusts or mists, which may be generated by means of various types of
metered, dose pressurised aerosols, nebulizers or insufflators.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for vaginal administration may be
presented as pessaries, tampons, creams, gels, pastes, foams or spray formulations.
Pharmaceutical formulations adapted for parenteral administration include
aqueous and non-aqueous sterile injection solutions which may contain anti-oxidants,
buffers, bacteriostats and solutes which render the formulation isotonic with the
blood of the intended recipient; and aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions
Which may include suspending agents and thickening agents. The formulations may
be presented in unit-dose or multi-dose containers, for example sealed ampules and
vials, and may be stored in a freeze-dried (lyophilized) condition requiring only the
addition of the sterile liquid carrier, for example water for injections, immediately
prior to use. Extemporaneous injection solutions and suspensions may be prepared
from sterile powders, granules and tablets.
It should be understood that in addition to the ingredients particularly
mentioned above, the formulations may include other agents conventional in the art
having regard to the type of formulation in question, for example those suitable for
oral administration may include flavouring agents.
A therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention
will depend upon a number of factors including, for example, the age and weight of
the animal, the precise condition requiring treatment and its severity, the nature of
the formulation, and the route of administration, and will ultimately be at the
discretion of the attendant physician or veterinarian. However, an effective amount
of a compound of formula (I) for the treatment of. neoplastic growth, for example
colon or breast carcinoma, will generally be in the range of 0.1 to 100 mg/kg body
weight of recipient (mammal) per day and more usually in the range of 1 to 50 mg/kg
body weight per day. Thus, for a 70kg adult mammal, the actual amount per day
would usually be from 70 to 700 mg and this amount may be given in a single dose
per day or more usually in a number (such as two, three, four, five or six) of sub-doses
per day such that the total daily dose is the same. An effective amount of a salt or
solvate, or physiologically functional derivative thereof, may be determined as a
proportion of the effective amount of the compound of formula (I) per se. It is
envisaged that similar dosages would be appropriate for treatment of the other
conditions referred to above.
The compounds of the present invention and their salts and solvates, and
physiologically functional derivatives thereof, may be employed alone or in
combination with other therapeutic agents for the treatment of the above-mentioned
conditions. In particular, in anti-cancer therapy, combination with other
chemotherapeutic, hormonal or antibody agents is envisaged as well as combination
with surgical therapy and radiotherapy. Combination therapies according to the
present invention thus comprise the administration of at least one compound of
formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a
physiologically functional derivative thereof, and the use of at least one other cancer
treatment method. Preferably, combination therapies according to the present
invention comprise the administration of at least one compound of formula (I) or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a physiologically functional
derivative .thereof, and at least one other pharmaceutically active agent, preferably an
anti-neoplastic agent. The compound(s) of formula (I) and the other pharmaceutically
active agent(s) may be administered together or separately and, when administered
separately this may occur simultaneously or sequentially in any order. The amounts
of the compound(s) of formula (I) and the other pharmaceutically active agent(s) and
the relative timings of administration will be selected in order to achieve the desired
combined therapeutic effect.
The compounds of the Formula (I) or salts, solvates, or physiologically
functional derivatives thereof and at least one additional cancer treatment therapy
may be employed in combination concomitantly or sequentially in any. therapeutically
appropriate combination with such other anti-cancer therapies. In one embodiment,
the other anti-cancer therapy is at least one additional ehemotherapeutic therapy
including administration of at least one anti-neoplastic agent. The administration in
combination of a compound of formula (I) or salts, solvates, or physiologically
functional derivatives thereof with other anti-neoplastic agents may be in
combination in accordance with the invention by administration concomitantly in (1)
a unitary pharmaceutical composition including both compounds or (2) separate
pharmaceutical compositions each including one of the compounds. Alternatively, the
combination may be administered separately in a sequential manner wherein one
anti-neoplastic agent is administered first and the other second or vice versa. Such
sequential administration may be close in time or remote in time.
Anti-neoplastic agents may induce anti-neoplastic effects in a cell-cycle
specific manner, i.e., are phase specific and act at a specific phase of the cell cycle, or
bind DNA and act in a non cell-cycle specific manner, i.e., are non-cell cycle specific
and operate by other mechanisms.
Anti-neoplastic agents useful in combination with the compounds and salts,
solvates or physiologically functional derivatives thereof of formula I include the
following:
(1) cell cycle specific anti-neoplastic agents including, but not limited to,
diterpenoids such as paclitaxel and its analog docetaxel; vinca alkaloids such as
vinblastine, vincristine, vindesine, and vinorelbine; epipodophyllotoxins such as
etoposide and teniposide; fluoropyrimidines such as 5-fluorouraci! and
fluorodeoxyuridine ; antimetabolites such as allopurinol, fludurabine, methotrexate,
cladrabine, cytarabine, mercaptopurine and thioguanine; and camptothecins such as
9-amino camptothecin, irinotecan, CPT-11 and the various optical forms of 7-(4-
methylpiperazino-methylene)-10,11-ethylenedioxy-20-camptothecin;
(2) cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents including, but not limited to, alkylating
agents such as melphalan, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, mechlorethamine,
hexamethylmelamine, busulfan, carmustine, lomustine, and dacarbazine; anti-tumour
antibiotics such as doxorubicin, daunomycin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitomycin-C,
dacttinomycin and mithramycin; and platinum coordination complexes such as
cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin; and
(3) other" chemotherapeutic agents including, but not limited to, anti-
estrogens such as tamoxifen, toremifene, raloxifene, droloxifene and iodoxyfene;
progestrogens such as megestrol acetate; aromatase inhibitors such as anastrozole,
letrazole, vorazole, and exemestane; antiandrogens such, as flutamide, nilutamide,
bicalutamide, and cyproterone acetate; LHRH agonists and antagagonists such as
goserelin acetate and luprolide, testosterone 5a-dihydroreductase inhibitors such as
finasteride; metalloproteinase inhibitors such as marimastat; antiprogestogens;
urokinase plasminogen activator receptor function inhibitors; cyclooxygenase type 2
(COX-2) inhibitors such as celecoxib; other angiogenic inhibiting agents such as
VEGFR inhibitors other than those described herein and TIE-2 inhibitors; growth factor
function inhibitors such as inhibitors of the functions of hepatocyte growth factor;
erb-B2, erb-B4, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr), platelet derived growth
factor receptor (PDGFr), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFr), vascular endothelial
growth factor receptor (VEGFR) other than those described in the present invention,
and TIE-2; and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as cyclin dependent inhibitors
such as CDK2 and CDK4 inhibitors.
The compounds of formula (I) and salts, solvates and physiological functional
derivatives thereof, are believed to have anticancer activity as a result of inhibition of
the protein kinase VEGFR2" and its effect on selected cell lines whose growth is
dependent on VEGFR2 protein kinase activity.
The present invention thus also provides compounds of formula (I) and
pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, or physiologically functional
derivatives thereof, for use in medical therapy, and particularly in the treatment of
disorders mediated by inappropriate VEGFR2 activity.
The inappropriate VEGFR2 activity referred to herein is any VEGFR2 activity
that deviates from the normal VEGFR2 activity expected in a particular mammalian
subject. Inappropriate VEGFR2 activity may take the form of, for instance, an
abnormal increase in activity, or an aberration in the timing and or control of VEGFR2
activity. Such inappropriate activity may result then, for example, from
overexpression or mutation of the protein kinase or ligand leading to inappropriate or
uncontrolled activation of the receptor. Furthermore, it is also understood that
unwanted VEGFR2 activity may reside in an abnormal source, such as a malignancy.
That is, the level of VEGFR2 activity does not have to be abnormal to be considered
inappropriate, rather the activity derives from an abnormal source. In a like manner,
the inappropriate angiogenesis referred to herein is any angiogenic activity that
deviates from the normal angiogenic activity expected in a particular mammalian
subject. Inappropriate angiogenesis may take the form of, for instance, an abnormal
increase in activity, or an aberration in the timing and or control of angiogenic
activity. Such inappropriate activity may result then, "for example, from
overexpression or mutation of a protein kinase or ligand leading to inappropriate or
uncontrolled activation of angiogenesis. Furthermore, it is also understood that
unwanted angiogenic activity may reside in an abnormal source, such as a
malignancy. That is, the level of angiogenic activity does not have to be abnormal to
be considered inappropriate, rather the activity derives from an abnormal source.
The present invention is directed to methods of regulating, modulating, or
inhibiting VEGFR2 for the prevention and/or treatment of disorders related to
unregulated VEGFR2 activity. In particular, the compounds of the present invention
can also be used in the treatment of certain forms of cancer. Furthermore, the
compounds of the present invention can be used to provide additive or synergistic
effects with certain existing cancer chemotherapies and radiation, and/or be used to
restore effectiveness of certain existing cancer chemotherapies and radiation.
The compounds of the present invention are also useful in the treatment of one
or more diseases afflicting mammals which are characterized by cellular proliferation
in the area of disorders associated with neo-vascularization and/or vascular
permeability including blood vessel proliferative disorders including arthritis and
restenosis; fibrotic disorders including hepatic cirrhosis and atherosclerosis; mesangial
cell proliferative disorders include glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, malignant
nephrosclerosis, thrombotic microangiopathy syndromes, proliferative retinopathies,
organ transplant rejection and glomerulopathies; and metabolic disorders include
psoriasis, diabetes mellitus, chronic wound healing, inflammation and
neurodegenerative diseases.
A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment of a mammal
suffering from a disorder mediated by inappropriate VEGFR2 activity, including
susceptible malignancies, which includes administering to said subject an effective
amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or
a physiologically functional derivative thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the
disorder is cancer.
A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment of a mammal
suffering from cancer, which includes administering to said subject an effective
amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate
thereof, or a physiologically functional derivative thereof.
A further aspect of the present invention provides the use of a compound of
formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a
physiologically functional derivative thereof, in the preparation of a medicament for
the treatment of a disorder characterized by inappropriate VEGFR2 activity. In a
preferred embodiment, the disorder is cancer.
A further aspect of the present invention provides the use of a compound of
formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, or a
physiologically functional derivative thereof, in the preoaration of a medicament for
the treatment of cancer and malignant tumours.
The mammal requiring treatment with a compound of the present invention is
typically a human being.
In another embodiment, therapeutically effective amounts of the compounds
of formula (I) or salts, solvates or physiologically derived derivatives thereof and
agents which inhibit growth factor receptor function may be administered in
combination to a mammal for treatment of a disorder mediated by inappropriate
VEGFR2 activity, for instance in the treatment of cancer. Such growth factor
. receptors include, for example, EGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, erbB2, erbB4, VEGFR, and/or TIE-2.
Growth factor receptors and agents that inhibit growth factor receptor function are
described, for instance, in Kath, John C, Exp. Opin. Ther. Patents (2000) 10(6):803-818
and in Shawver et al DDT Vol 2, No. 2 February 1997.
The compounds of the Formula (I) or salts, solvates, or physiologically
functional derivatives thereof and the agent for inhibiting growth factor receptor
function may be employed in combination concomitantly or sequentially in any
therapeutically appropriate combination. The combination may be employed in
combination in accordance with the invention by administration concomitantly in (1)
a unitary pharmaceutical composition including both compounds or (2) separate
pharmaceutical compositions each including one of the compounds. Alternatively, the
combination may be administered separately in a sequential manner wherein one is
administered first and the other second or vice versa. Such sequential administration
may be close in time or remote in time.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of
treating a disorder in a mammal, said disorder being mediated by inappropriate
angiogenesis, including: administering to said mammal a therapeutically effective
amount of a compound of formula (I), or a salt, solvate or physiologically functional
derivative thereof. In one embodiment.the inappropriate angiogenic activity is due to
at least one of inappropriate VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, or TIE-2 activity. In another
embodiment, the inappropriate angiogenesis is due to inappropriate VEGFR2 and TIE-2
activity. In a further embodiment, the method further includes administering a
therapeutically effective amount of a TIE-2 inhibitor along with the compounds of
formula (I) or salts, solvates or physiologically functional derivatives thereof.
Preferably the disorder is cancer.
" In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of a
compound of formula (I), or a salt, solvate or physiologically functional derivative
thereof in the preparation of a medicament for use in treating a disorder in a
mammal, said disorder being characterized by inappropriate angiogenesis. In one
embodiment, the inappropriate angiogenic activity is due to at least one of
inappropriate VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3 or TIE-2 activity. In another embodiment, the
inappropriate angiogenic activity is due to inappropriate VEGFR2 and TIE-2 activity.
In a further embodiment, the use further includes use of a TIE-2 inhibitor to prepare
said medicament.
The combination of a compound of formula (I) or salts, solvates, or
physiologically functional derivatives with a TIE-2 inhibitor may be employed in
combination in accordance with the invention by administration concomitantly in (1)
a unitary pharmaceutical composition including both compounds or (2) separate
pharmaceutical compositions each including one of the compounds. Alternatively, the
combination may be administered separately in a sequential manner wherein one is
administered first and the other second or vice versa. Such sequential administration
may be close in time or remote in time.
The compounds of this invention may be made by a variety of methods,
including standard chemistry. Any previously defined variable will continue to have
the previously defined meaning unless otherwise indicated. Illustrative general
synthetic methods are set out below and then specific compounds of the invention
are prepared in the working Examples.
Compounds of general formula (I) may be prepared by methods known in the
art of organic synthesis as set forth in part by the following synthesis schemes.
Generally, the following schemes are illustrated using compounds of formula (I), but it
is recognized that such schemes are easily adaptable by the skilled artisan to prepare
compounds of formula (I), including compounds of formula (I1) and (I"). It is also
recognized that in all of the schemes described below, it is well understood that
protecting groups for sensitive or reactive groups are employed where necessary in
accordance with general principles of chemistry. Protecting groups are manipulated
according to standard methods of organic synthesis (T. W. Green and P. G. M. Wuts
(1991) Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, John Wiley Et Sons). These groups are
removed at a convenient stage of the. compound synthesis using methods that are
readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The selection of processes as well as the
reaction conditions and order of their execution shall be consistent with the
preparation of compounds of formula (I). Those skilled in the art will recognize if a
stereocenter exists in compounds of formula (I). Accordingly, the present invention
includes both possible stereoisomers and includes not only racemic compounds but
the individual enantiomers as well. When a compound is desired as a single
enantiomer, it may be obtained by stereospecific synthesis or by resolution of the final
product or any convenient intermediate. Resolution of the final product, an
intermediate, or a starting material may be effected by any suitable method known in
the art. See, for example, Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds by E. L Eliel, S. H.
Wilen, and L. N. Mander (Wiley-lnterscience, 1994).
Certain embodiments of the present invention will now be illustrated by way
of example only. The physical data given for the compounds exemplified is consistent
with the assigned structure of those compounds.
EXAMPLES
As used herein the symbols and conventions used in these processes, schemes
and examples are consistent with those used in the contemporary scientific literature,
for example, the Journal of the American chemical Society or the Journal of
Biological chemistry. Standard single-letter or three-letter abbreviations are
generally used to designate amino acid residues, which are assumed to be in the L-
configuration unless otherwise noted. Unless otherwise noted, all starting materials
were obtained from commercial suppliers and used without further purification.
Specifically, the following abbreviations may be used in the examples and throughout
the specification:
g (grams); mg (milligrams);
L (liters); mL(milliliters);
µL (microliters); psi (pounds per square inch);
M (molar); mM (millimolar);
i. v. (intravenous); Hz (Hertz);
MHz (megahertz); mol (moles);
mmol (tnillimoles); RT (room temperature);
min (minutes); h (hours);
mp (melting point); TLC (thin layer chromatography);
Tr (retention time); RP (reverse phase);
MeOH (methanol); /-PrOH (isopropanol);
TEA (triethylamine); TFA (trifluoroacetic acid);
TFAA (trifluoroacetic anhydride); THF (tetrahydrofuran);
DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide); EtOAc (ethyl acetate);
DME (1,2-dimethoxyethane); DCM (dichloromethane);
DCE (dichloroethane); DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide);
DMPU (N,N"-dirnethylpropyleneurea); (CDI (1,1-carbonyldiimidazole);
IBCF (isobutyl chloroformate); HOAc (acetic acid);
HOSu (A/-hydroxysuccinimide); HOBT(i-hydroxybenzotriazole);
mCPBA (meta-chloroperbenzoic acid); EDC (ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride);
BOC (fert-butyloxyearbonyl); FMOC (9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl);
DCC (dicyclohexylcarbodiimide); CBZ (benzyloxycarbonyl);
Ac (acetyl); atm (atmosphere);
TMSE (2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyi); TMS (trimethylsilyl);
TIPS (triisopropylsilyl); TBS (f-butyldimethylsilyl);
DMAP (4-dimethylaminopyridine); Me (methyl);
OMe (methoxy); Et (ethyl);
HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography);
BOP (bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride);
TBAF (tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride);
Et (ethyl); tBu (tert-butyl).
All references to ether are to diethyl ether; brine refers to a saturated aqueous
solution of NaCI. Unless otherwise indicated, all temperatures are expressed in °C
(degrees Centigrade). All reactions conducted under an inert atmosphere at room
temperature unless otherwise noted.
1H NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian VXR-300, a Varian Unity-300, a
Varian Unity-400 instrument, or a General Electric QE-300. chemical shifts are
expressed in parts per million (ppm, 6 units). Coupling constants are in units of hertz
(Hz). Splitting patterns describe apparent multiplicities and are designated as s
(singlet), d (doublet), t (triplet), q (quartet), m (multiplet), br (broad).
Low-resolution mass spectra (MS) were recorded on a JOEL JMS-AX505HA,
JOEL SX-102, or a SCIEX-APIiii spectrometer; high resolution MS were obtained using
a JOEL SX-102A spectrometer. All mass spectra were taken under electrospray
ionization (ESI), chemical ionization (Cl), electron impact (El) or by fast atom
bombardment (FAB) methods. Infrared (IR) spectra were obtained on a Nicolet 510
FT-IR spectrometer using a 1-mm NaCI cell. All reactions were monitored by thin-
layer chromatography on 0.25 mm E. Merck silica gel plates (60F-254), visualized with
UV light, 5% ethanolic phosphomolybdic acid or p-anisaldehyde solution. Flash
column chromatography was performed on silica gel (230-400 mesh, Merck). Optical
rotations were obtained using a Perkin Elmer Model 241 Polarimeter. Melting points
were determined using a Mel-Temp II apparatus and are uncorrected.
The following examples describe the syntheses of intermediates particularly useful in
the synthesis of compounds of Formula (I):
Intermediate Example 1
Preparation of 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole
Procedure 1:
To a stirred solution of 18.5 g (0.11 mol) of 3-methyl-6-nitro-7H-indazole in
350 ml acetone, at room temperature, was added 20 g (0.14 mol) of trimethyloxonium
tetraflouroborate. After the solution was allowed to stir under argon for 3 houre, the
solvent was.removed under reduced pressure. To the resulting solid was added
saturated aqueous NaHCch (600 mL) and a 4:1 mixture of chloroform-isopropanol
(200 ml), the mixture was agitated and the layers were separated. The aqueous phase
was washed with additional chloroform: isopropanol (4 x 200 mL) and the combined
organic phase was dried (Na2S04). Filtration and removal of solvent gave a tan solid.
The solid was washed with ether (200 mL) to afford 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole
as a yellow solid (15.85 g, 73 °/o). 1H NMR (300 MHz.DMSO-d6) 5 8.51 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d,
J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 192
(M+H).
Procedure 2:
Trimethyl orthoformate (11 mmol, 1.17 g) was added over a 2 min period to a
solution of boron trifluoride etherate (12.5 mmol, 1.77 g in methylene chloride (2.0
mL) which had been cooled to -30 °C. The mixture was warmed to 0 °C for 15 min
and was then cooled to -70 °C. The nitro indazole (10 mmol, 1.77 g) was slurried in
methylene chloride (30 mL) and was added all at once to the cooled mixture. The
mixture was stirred at -70 °C for 15 min and at ambient temperature for 17 h. After
17 h the mixture was red and heterogeneous. The reaction mixture was quenched
with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (20 mL) and the organic layer separated.
The aqueous layer was extracted with methylene chloride (30 mL). The methylene
chloride layers were combined and extracted with water (30 mL). The methylene
chloride layer was distilled under reduced pressure until ~ 10 mL remained. Propanol
(10 mL) was added and the remainder of the methylene chloride removed under
reduced pressure, resulting in a yellow slurry. The product was isolated by filtration to
give 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole (65 %, 7mmol, 1.25 g) as a light yellow
powder. "H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-de) 8 8.51 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J= 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J
= 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 192 (M+H).
Procedure 3:
In a 25 ml round bottom flask 3-methyl-6-nitroindazole (7.27 mmol, 1.28 g)
was dissolved with stirring in DMSO (4.0 mL) and was treated with concentrated
sulfuric acid (7.27 mmol, 0.73 g) to yield a thick slurry. The slurry was treated with
dimethyl sulfate (21.1 .mmol, 2.66 g). The mixture was heated under nitrogen at 50 °C
for 72 h. After 72 h a thick yellow slurry was obtained. The slurry was cooled and was
slowly treated with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL). The mixture was
extracted with methylene chloride (2 x 20 mL). The methylene chloride layers were
combined and back extracted with water (20 mL). The methylene chloride layer was
treated with propanol (10 mL) and the methylene chloride was removed by distillation
under reduced pressure. The solid was isolated by filtration and the yellow solid
washed with heptane (5 mL) and air-dried. The 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole
product (70%, 0.97 g) was obtained as a light yellow solid. "H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-
de) 5 8.51 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s,
3H). MS(ES+, m/z) 192 (M+H).
Procedure 4:
Into a 250 mL 3-necked round bottom flask was placed 3-methyl-6-nitro-1H-
indazole sulfuric acid salt (5.0 g, 18.2 mmol) and methylene chloride (25 mL). The
mixture was stirred at 25 °C and was treated with DMSO (5 mL). Dimethyl sulfate (6.7
g, 5.0 mL, 53.0 mmol) was added via syringe and the reaction was heated at reflux in a
70 °C bath. After 7 h HPLC analysis showed 9% starting material. At this point heating
was stopped and the workup begun. Saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (35 mL)
was added to the reaction mixture at RT. The layers were allowed to separate and the
aqueous layer was extracted with inethylene chloride (25 mL). The methylene chloride
layers were combined and washed with water (2 x 25 mL). The rnethylene chloride
layer was distilled under reduced pressure until half the volume was removed.
Propanol (25 mL) was added and distillation under reduced pressure was continued
until all the methylene chloride had been removed. This yielded a yellow slurry, which
was allowed to stir at 25 °C for 1 h. The product was isolated via filtration and the
resulting yellow solid was washed with heptane (10 mL). This yielded 2,3-dimethyl-6-
nitro-2H-indazole (70%, 2.43 g) as a yellow solid. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMS0-d6) 5 8.51
(s, 1H), 7.94 (d,J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 4.14 (s, 3H), 2.67 (s, 3H). MS
(ES+, m/z) 192 (M+H).
Intermediate Example 2
Preparation of 2,3-dimethyl-6-amino-2H-indazole
Procedure 1:
To a stirred solution of 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole (1.13 g) in 2-
methoxyethyl ether (12 ml), at 0 °C, was added a solution of 4.48 g of tin(ll) chloride
in 8.9 ml of concentrated HCI dropwise over 5 min. After the addition was complete,
the ice bath was removed and the solution was allowed to stir for an additional 30
min. Approximately 40 ml of dicthyl ether was added to reaction, resulting in
precipitate formation. The resulting precipitate was isolated by filtration and washed
with diethyl ether, and afforded a yellow solid (1.1 g, 95 %), the HCI salt 2,3-
dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-amine. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 7.77 (d, J = 8.9 Hz,
1H), 7.18 (s, 1H), 7.88 (m, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 162 (M+H).
Procedure 2:
A 2-L 3-necked round bottom flask was fitted with nitrogen inlet and outlet
and with mechanical stirring. A moderate nitrogen flow was initiated and the reactor
was charged with 10 °/o Pd/C (50% water wet, 6.0 g). Stirring was initiated and the
reactor was charged with methanol (750 mL) and the product of Intermediate
Example 1 (50 g). Ammonium formate (82.54 g) was dissolved in water (120 mL). The
water solution of ammonium formate was added to the reaction solution at an
addition rate, which kept the reaction temperature at or between 25 and 30 °C. The
reaction was allowed to proceed at 25 °C. After 6 h the reaction was judged to be
finished based on HPLC analysis. The mixture was filtered and the catalyst washed
with methanol (50 mL). The methanol layers were combined and the.solvent removed
under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in water (200 mL) and was
extracted with methylene chloride (3 x 250 mL). The methylene chloride layers were
combined and solvent removed under vacuum to remove approximately half the
solvent. Heptane (400 mL) was added and the vacuum distillation continued until
approximately 300 mL reaction product slurry remained. The product was isolated by
filtration and dried under vacuum at 50 °C for 4 h. to yield 2,3-dimethyl-6-amino-
2H-indazole as the free base. (40.76 g, 96.7 %). 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 8 7.31
(d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H). 6.38 (s, 1H), 4.95 (s, br, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H),
2.44 (s, 3H) MS (ES+, m/z) 162 (M+H).
Intermediate Example 3
Preparation of N-(2-ehloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-amine
Procedure 1
To a stirred solution of the product of Intermediate Example 2 (2.97 g, .015
mol) and NaHCOs (5.05 g, .06 mol) in THF (15 mL) and ethanol (60 mL) was added 2,4-
dichloropyrimidine (6.70 g, .045 mol) at rt. After the reaction was stirred for four
hours at 85 °C, the suspension was cooled to rt, filtered and washed thoroughly with
ethyl acetate. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the resulting
solid was triturated with ethyl acetate to yield N-(2-ehloropyrimidin-4-yl)-2,3-
dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-amine (89 %, 3.84 g). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 7.28 (d, J
= 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (d, J= 8.8 Hz; 1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 5.18 (br s, 1H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 2.43 (s,
3H). MS (ES+, rri/z) 274 (M+H).
Procedure 2
To a 1-L 3-necked flask equipped with air-driven mechanical stirrer,
thermometer, and nitrogen inlet/outlet was charged a solution of the product of
Intermediate Example 2 (32.89 g, 0.204 mol, 1.0 equiv) in 425 mL (13 volumes) of
EtOH/THF (4/1), sodium bicarbonate (51.42 g, 0.612 mol, 3.0 equiv) and then 2,4-
dichloropyrimidine (45.59 g, 0.306 mol, 1.5 equiv). The flask contents were heated to
75 °C and held at 74 - 76 °C for 6 - 7 hrs. The progress of the reaction was checked
by HPLC (the product of Intermediate Example 2 cooled to 20 - 25 °C over 30 min, and kept at 20 - 25 °C for 30 min. Then the
reaction contents were further cooled to 10 - 12 °C over 30 min, and kept at that
temperature for an additional 10 min. The contents were filtered and filter cake
washed with EtOAc (2 x 100 mL, 3.0 volumes), and deronized water (514 mL, 15.6
volumes). The filter cake was then dried in a vacuum oven at 35 °C overnight to
afford the desired product 44.75 g as a white solid (80.1%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-
d6) 5 7.28 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (d, J= 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.37 (s. 1H), 5.18 (br s, 1H). 3.84
(s, 3H), 2.43 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 274 (M+H).
Intermediate Example 4
Preparation of N-(2-chlcropyrimidin-4-yl)-N,2,3-trimethyl-2H-indazol-6-amine
Procedure 1
To a stirred solution of the product of Intermediate Example 3 (7.37 g) in DMF
(50 ml) was added CS2CO3 (7.44 g, 2 eqv.) and iodomethane (1.84 ml, 1.1 eqv.) at room
temperature. The mixture was stirred at rt overnight. The reaction mixture was then
poured into an ice-water bath, and the precipitate was collected via filtration and
washed with water. The precipitate was air-dried to afford A/-(2-ehloropyrimidin-4-
yl)-A/,2,3-trimethyl-2H-indazol-6-amine as an off-white solid (6.43 g, 83%). 1H NMR
(400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 7.94 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, 7= 1.0
Hz, 1H), 6.88 (m, 1H), 6.24 (d, J= 6.2 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H). MS
(ES+, m/z) 288 (M+H).
Procedure 2
A 3L 3-necked flask equipped with air-driven mechanical stirrer, thermometer,
addition funnel and nitrogen inlet/outlet was charged with DMF (272 ml, 5 volumes)
and the product of Intermediate Example 3 (54.4 g, 0.20 mol, 1.0 equiv) with stirring.
The reaction mixture was further charged with cesium carbonate (194.5 g, 0.60 mol,
3.0 equiv) while maintaining the reaction temperature between 20 ~ 25 °C. The
reaction mixture was stirred at 20 ~ 25 °C for 10 minutes. Iodomethane (45.1 g, 0.32
mol, 1.6 equiv) was charged over ~ 10 minutes while maintaining the temperature 20
~ 30°C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 ~ 30 °C (Typically, the reaction is
complete in 1 ~ 2 hours). Deionized H2O (925 mL, 17 volumes) was added over ~ 30
minutes while maintaining the temperature at 25 ~ 40 °C. The reaction mixture was
stirred at 20 ~ 25 °C for 40 minutes. The product was isolated by filtration and then
the filter cake washed with H2O / DMF (6:1, 252 mL, 4.6 volumes). The wet cake was
dried under vacuum at 40 ~ 45 °C and /V-(2-ehloropyrirnidin-4-yl)-N,2,3-trimethyl-
2H-indazol-6-amine (51.7 g, 90.4%) was isolated as a yellow solid. 1H NMR (400 MHz,
DMSO-d6) 5 7.94 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J - 7.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J = 1.0 Hz, 1H),
6.88 (m, 1H), 6.24 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H). MS (ES+,
m/z) 288 (M+H).
Intermediate Example 5
Preparation of 5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide
Procedure 1
To a stirred solution of 2-methyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfonamide (4.6 g, 0.021
mol) in 2-methoxyethyl ether (43 mL), at 0 °C, was added a solution of 16.1 g of tin(ll)
chloride in 32 mL of concentrated HCI dropwise over 15 min. After the addition was
complete, the ice bath was removed and the solution was allowed to stir for an
additional 30 min. Approximately 130 mLof diethyl ether was added to reaction. The
mixture was stirred vigorously for 1 h. The mixture was basified with a solution of
NaOH and NaHCch, and extracted with ethyl acetate (x 3). The combined ethyl
acetate layers were dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and concentrated to give
crude product. Trituation of the crude product with methanol provided 2.4 g of pure
5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide as light brown solid. "H NMR (300 MHz,
DMSO-d6) 6 7.11-7.10 (m,3H), 6.95 (d,./= 8.1 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (dd, J = 8.1 6t 2.4 Hz, 1H),
5.24 (s, 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 187 (M+H).
Intermediate Example 6
Preparation of 4-[(methylsulfonyl)methyl]aniline

Procedure 1
Combine 4-nitrobenzyl bromide (40 g, 0.185 mol) and sodium
methanesulphinic acid (19.5 g, 1 eqv.) in ethanol (460 mL, ~0.4M). The mixture was
stirred and heated to 80 °C under reflux. After 3 hr the reaction mixture was cooled
to rt and filtered to collected off-white solid. The solid was washed with EtOH twice
and air-dried to provide 37 g of methyl 4-nitrobenzyl sulfone. "H NMR (300 MHz,
DMSO-de) 5 8.27 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.69 (d, J= 8.6 Hz, 2H), 4.71 (s, 2H), 2.96 (s, 3H).
MS(ES+, m/z)216(M+H).
Combined methyl 4-nitrobenzyl sulfone (9.5 g, 0.044 mol) and 10% Pd/C,(0.95
g, 0.1 w/w) in ethyl acetate. (220 mL, ~0.2M). The mixture was placed under Parr
shaker with 40 psi of hydrogen. After ~3 hr, the reaction mixture was poured into
50% of MeOH/EtOAc (400 mL) and stirred vigorously for 30 min. The mixture was
filtered through a pad of celite and silica gel. The black material on top of the pad
was removed and placed into 8O°/o MeOH/EtOAc (200 mL) and stirred vigorously for 30
min. The mixture was again filtered through a pad of celite and silica gel. The process
is repeated a couple times. Combined all filtrates. Evaporated and dried. Trituation
with EtOAc provided pure 4-[(methylsulfonyl)methyl]aniline. "H NMR (300 MHz,
DMSO-de) 5 7.03 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.54 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 5.20 (s, 2H), 4.20 (s, 2H),
2.79 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 186 (M+H).
Procedure 2
charge a round bottom flask (1.0 L), equipped with magnetic stir bar and
reflux condenser,with 4-nitrobenzyl bromide (40 g, O.185 mol, 1.0 eq), sodium
methanesulphinic acid (21.7 g, 0.213 mol, 1.15 eq.) and ethanol (400 mL, 200 proof,
10 vol.). Stir and heat the mixture to 80 °C under reflux for 2 hours. check the
progress of the reaction by fast-HPLC (reaction is deemed complete when HPLC
indicates 4-nitrobenzyl bromide Filter and wash the cake with ethanol (40 mL). The wet cake (15 g, 46.2 mmol) was
used for next step hydrogenation with out further dry.
charge a 500 mL of hydrogenation flask with above wet cake methyl 4-
nitrobenzyl sulfone (15 g, 46.2 mmol, used "as is"), 10% Pd/C (0.1 g, 1% w/w) and
ethanol (120 mL, 200 proof) and water (40 mL). Swap the atmosphere of reactor with
hydrogen (3 times). Shake the reactor under H2 (65 psi) at room temperature for 30
minutes and at 50 °C for two hour. check the progress of the reaction by HPLC
(reaction is deemed complete when HPLC indicates methyl 4-nitrobenzyl sulfone %). Heat the mixture to 80 °C. Filter the hot solution through a pad of celite (2.0 g)
and rinse the pad with EtOH (10 mL). Transfer the filtrate into the crystallizing a round
bottom flask (500 mL). Distil the slurry under house vacuum at 60 °C until a volume of
60 mL is left. Cool the slurry to 0 °C over for one hour. Isolate the crystals by vacuum
filtration and wash the vessel and crystals with ethanol (10 mL). Dry the product
under house vacuum at 50 °C to constant weight. Obtained off-white solid (7.3 g).
The yield is 85% for combined two steps with 99% purity of product by HPLC.
Intermediate Example 7
Preparation of 4-[(isopropylsulfonyl)methyl]phenylamine

To a solution of 1-(bromomethyl)-4-nitrobenzene (3.0 g, 17.4 mmol) in
ethanol (50 mL) was added sodium-2-thiopropoylate (2.7 g, 17.4 mmol). After 12h
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the remaining residue was diluted
with EtOAc and filtered to remove the residual salts. The solvent was dried over
MgS04 and removed under reduced pressure and the product was carried forward
without further purification. Next the sulfide was diluted with ch2CI2 (50 mL) and m-
chloroperoxybenzoic acid (~7O°/o) (6.6 g, 38.4 mmol) was added in portions. The
reaction was judged to be complete by tic and the solvent was removed under
reduced pressure. The remaining residue was diluted with EtOAc and washed with 1M
NaOH (2 x 100 inL). The solvent was dried over MgSCU and removed under reduced
pressure and the product was carried forward without further purification. Next the
residue was diluted with glyme (8.0 mL) and a solution of Snch (13.8 g, 69 mmol) in
HCI (8.0 mL) was added dropwise. The solution was allowed to stir for 2h, and the
reduction was judged to be complete by tic. The reaction mixture was diluted with
Et20, which resulted in the precipitation of the product as the HCI salt. The solids were
collected and washed with Et20 (2 x 100 mL), to afford pure aniline (~2.4 g, 65%). "H
NMR (300 MHz, deDMSO+NaHCOa) 5 7.37 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.21 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H),
4.41 (s, 2H), 3.18-3.09 (m, 1H), 1.21 (d, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H).
Intermediate Example 8
Preparation of 4-[2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]aniline
To a solution of 1-(bromoethyl)-4-nitrobenzene (3.0 g, 13.0 mmol) in ethanol
(70 mL) was added Sodium thiomethoxide (1.0 g, 14.0 mmol). After 12h the solvent
was removed under reduced pressure, the remaining residue was diluted with EtOAc
and filtered to remove the residual salts. The solvent was dried over MgS04 and
removed under reduced pressure and the product was carried forward without further
purification. Next the sulfide was diluted with ch2CI2 (100 mL) and m-
chloroperoxybenzoic acid (~7O°/o) (8.2 g, 48.8 mmol) was added in portions. The
reaction was judged to be complete by tic and the solvent was removed under
reduced pressure. The remaining residue was diluted with EtOAc and washed with 1M
NaOH (2 x 100 mL). The solvent was dried over MgS04 and removed under reduced
pressure and the product was carried forward without further purification. Next the
residue was added to a slurry of Palladium on Carbon (10 mol °/o) in EtOAc (50 mL) in
a Parr shaker vessel. The reaction was then place under 40 atm of Hydrogen gas. The
solution was allowed to shake for 2h, and the reduction was judged to be complete by
tLc. The reaction mixture was filtered over a pad of celite and washed with EtOAc and
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford a crude solid. The mixture
was recrystallized in hot EtOAc to afford the pure aniline (-1.8 g, 69%). 1H NMR (300
MHz, d6DMSO+NaHCO3) 6 6.93 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 6.87 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 5.09 (bs,
2H), 3.31-3.26 (m, 2H), 2.92 (s, 3H), 2.84-2.79 (m, 2H).
Intermediate Example 9
Preparation of 4~[1 -(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]aniline
To a solution of 4-nitrophenylcarbonol (3.0 g, 17.9 mmol) and triethylamine
(3.5 mL, 21.0 mmol) in ch2CI2 (100ml) was added methanesulfonylchloride (1.7 ml,
21.0 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was judged to be complete by tic after 1h and was
quenched with saturated aqueous NaHCO3. The reaction mixture was diluted with
EtOAc and the organic layer separated, dried over MgSO4 and the solvent was removed
under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was dissolved in ethanol (100 mL) and
Sodium thiomethoxide (1.5 g, 21.0 mmol) was added in portions. After 12h the
solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the remaining residue was diluted with
EtOAc and filtered to remove the residual salts. The solvent was dried over MgS04 and
removed under reduced pressure and the product was carried forward without further .
purification. Next the sulfide was diluted with ch2CI2 (100 mL) and m-
chloroperoxybenzoic acid (~7O°/o) (10.8 g, 62 mmol) was added in portions. The
reaction was judged to be complete by tic and the solvent was removed under
reduced pressure. The remaining residue was diluted with EtOAc and washed with 1M
NaOH (2 x 100 mL). The solvent was dried over MgS04 and removed under reduced
pressure and the product was carried forward without further purification. Next the
residue was added to a slurry of Palladium on Carbon (10 mol-%) in EtOAc (50 mL) in
a Parr shaker vessel. The reaction was then place under 40 atm of Hydrogen gas. The
solution was allowed to shake for 2h, and the reduction was judged to be complete by
tlc The reaction mixture was filtered over a pad of celite and washed with EtOAc and
the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford a crude solid. The mixture
was recrystallized in hot EtOAc to afford the pure aniline (~2.0 g, 57%). 1H NMR (300
MHz, d6DMSO+NaHCO3) 5 7.06 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 6.53 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 5.21 (s, 2H),
4.23 [q,J= 7.1 Hz, 1H), 2.70 (s,3H), 1.21 (d, 7=7.1 Hz, 3H).
Intermediate Example JO
Preparation of 4-[i-methyl-l-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]aniline
To a stirred solution of t-butoxide (5.76g, 0.051 mol) in THF was added methyl
4-nitrobenzyl sulfone (5 g, 0.023 mol) followed by iodomethane (2.89 ml, 0.046 mol).
The mixture was stirred at rt for 1 hr. Additional t-butoxide (2.9 g) and iodomethane
(0.5 ml) were added. The mixture was stirred at rt for additional 1 hr. The mixture
was diluted with EtOAc and acidified with SIM HCI. The mixture was extracted with
ethyl acetate (x 3). The combined ethyl acetate layers were dried over anhydrous
MgS04, filtered and evaporated. The solid was trituated with ethanol to give pure 1-
[1-methyl-1-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-4-nitrobenzene.
To a stirred solution of 1-[1-methyl-1-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]-4-nitrobenzene
(3.32 g, 0.014 mol) in 2-methoxyethyl ether (70 mL), at 0 °C, was added a solution of
10.35 g of tin(ll) chloride in 20.5 mL of concentrated HCI dropwise over 15 min. After
the addition was complete, the ice bath was removed and the solution was allowed to
stir for an additional 30 min. Approximately 70 mL of diethyl ether was added to
reaction. The mixture was stirred vigorously for 1 h. Precipitate was formed and was
collected via filtration. The solid was dissolved in ch2CI2 and washed with 1N NaOH.
The mixture was extracted with ch2CI2 (x 3). The combined ch2CI2 layers were dried
over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered" and evaporated to give 4-[1-methyl-1-
(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]aniline as an off white solid. 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5
7.21 (d, J= 8.6 Hz, 2H), 6.55 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 5.23 (s, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 1.64 (s, 6H).
Example 1
5-({4-[(2,3~dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-yl}amino)-2-
methylbenzenesulfonamide
Procedure 1
To a solution of Intermediate Example 4 (200 mg, 0.695 mmol) and 5-amino-
2-methylbenzenesulfonamide (129.4 mg, 0.695 mmol) in isopropanol (6 ml) was added
4 drops of cone. HCI. The mixture was heated to reflux overnight. The mixture was
cooled to rt and diluted with ether (6 ml). Precipitate was collected via filtration and
washed with ether. The hydrochloride salt of 5-({4-[{2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-
yl)(methyl)amino]-pyrimidin-2-yl}amino)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide was isolated
as an off-white solid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, dsDMSO+NaHCOa) 5 9.50 (br s, 1H), 8.55 (br
s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.23
(s, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.48
(s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 2.48 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 438 (M+H).
Procedure 2
A 250-mL 3-necked flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar, thermometer,
reflux condenser, and nitrogen inlet/outlet was charged with ethanol (60 mL, 10
volumes), the product of Intermediate Example 4 (6.00 g, 20.85 mmol, 1.0 equiv) and
5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide (4.00 g, 21.48 mmol, 1.03 equiv) with stirring.
The reaction mixture was heated to 70 °C. After stirring the reaction mixture at 68 -
72 °C for 3 hrs, 4M HCI in dioxane (0.11 mL, 0.44 mmol, 0.02 equiv) was charged over
ca. 2 min. The reaction mixture was stirred at 68 - 72 °C until starting product of Intermediate Example 4 was remaining by HPLC analysis (Typically,
this reaction is complete in > 8 hrs). The reaction mixture was cooled to 20 °C over ca.
30 min and stirred at 20 - 22°C for 40 min. The product was then isolated by
filtration and the filter cake washed with ethanol (20 mL, 3.3 volumes). The wet cake
was dried under vacuum at 45 - 50 °C. The monohydrochloride salt of 5-({4-[(2,3-
dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]-pyrimidin-2-yl}amino)-2-
methylbenzenesulfonamide (9.52 g, 96.4%) was isolated as a white solid. 1H NMR (400
MHz, deDMSO+NaHCOa) 5 9.50 (br s, 1H), 8.55 (br s, 1H), 7.81 (d. J= 6.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75
(d, J= 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.23 (s, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.86
(m, 1H), 5.74 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.48 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 2.48 (s, 3H). MS
(ES+, m/z) 438 (M+H).
Procedure 3:
To a stirred suspension of the product of Intermediate Example 4 (1.1 g, 3.8
mmol) in 14 mL of MeOH, was added 5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide (0.78 g,
4.2 mmol, 1.1 equiv) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux
for 3 h, then 4 M HCI in 1,4-dioxane (19 µl, 0.076 mmol) was added in one portion.
After 4 h, the suspension was cooled to room temperature, and filtered. The resulting
solid was washed with 10 mL of MeOH and dried in vacuo to yield 1.3 g (72%) of 5-
({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino]-2-pyrimidinyl}amino)-2-methyl
benzenesulfonamide monohydrochloride as a white solid. 1H NMR (DMS0-d6, 400
MHz) 5 10.95 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J= 8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.64-7.59 (m, 2H), 7.40 (m,
3H), 6.93 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 5.92 (s, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.57 (s, 3H), 2.65 (s, 3H),
2.56 (s, 3H).
Procedure 4
To a stirred suspension of the product of Intermediate Example 4 (1.1 g, 3.7
mmol) in 10 mL of THF, was added 5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide (0.70 g, 3.8
mmol, 1.0 equiv) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux for
3 h, then 4 M HCI in 1,4-dioxane (18 ul, 0.072 mmol) was added in one portion. After
5 h, the suspension was cooled to room temperature, and filtered. The resulting solid
was washed with 16 mL of THF and dried in the air to yield 1.6 g (92%) of 5-({4-[(2,3-
dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino]-2-pyrimidinyl}amino)-2-methylbenzene
sulfonamide monohydrochloride as a light yellow solid.
Procedure 5
To a stirred suspension of the product of Intermediate Example 4 (1.0 g, 3.6
mmol) in 10 mL of CH3CN, was added 5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide (0.70 g,
3.8 mmol, LOequiv) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux
for 3 h, then 4 M HCI in 1,4-dioxane (18 ui, 0.076 mmol) was added in one portion.
After 20 h, the suspension was cooled to room temperature, and filtered. The "resulting
solid was washed with 10 mL of ch3CN and dried in the air to yield 1.3 g (73%) of 5-
({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino]-2-pyrimidinyl}amino)-2-methyl
benzenesulfonamide monohydrochloride as an off-white solid.
Procedure 6
Preparation of 5-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl) (methyl) amino]
pyrimidin-2-yl}amino)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide methanesulfonic acid salt.
In a 250 mL flask the product of Example 1, procedure 1, (1.0 g, 2.29 mmol)
was slurried in water (19 mL). Methanesulfonic acid (0.231 g, 2.4 mmol) was added all
at once and the mixture was heated to reflux for 5 min. The mixture was cooled to 0
°C over a 1 hour period and was then isolated by filtration and air dried. 5-({4-[(2,3-
Dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl) (methyl) amino] pyrimidin-2-yl}amino)-2-
methylbenzenesulfonamide methanesulfonic acid salt (1.03 g, 84%) was obtained as a
white solid, mp = 247-248 °C.
Procedure 7:
Preparation of 5-({ 4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino]-2~
pyrimidinyl}amino)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide monohydrochloride monohydrate.
To a round bottom flask, was added 2.6 g of the monohydrochloride salt of
Example 1, procedure 1, any form. Then added was 39 mL of isopropanol (15
volumes). The mixture was heated to 75 deg C in an oil bath, then 14 mL of 0.05N
aqueous HCI (5.4 volumes) was added. The clear solution was cooled to 65 deg C, then
seeded with the monohydrate of the monohydrochloride salt of Example 1, procedure
1 (0.05-0.1 wt %). The cloudy solution was stirred at 65 deg C for 60 minutes, then
cooled to 0 deg C at ~0.25-0.5 deg C/min. The resulting white solid was filtered and
dried to constant weight under vacuum at RT to give 88% yield of 5 -({4-[(2,3-
dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)methylamino]-2-pyrimidinyl}amino)-2-methylbenzene
sulfonamide monohydrochloride monohydrate.
The following examples were prepared according to the general procedure set
forth above in Example 1 using Intermediate Example 4 and the appropriate aniline.
The appropriate anilines were prepared using procedures similarly described for
Intermediate Examples 5-10.
Example 2
N4-(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N4-methyl-N2-{4-[(methylsulfonyl)
methyl]phenyl}pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, Na^CCb + DMSO-de) 6 9.37 (bs, 1H), 7.88 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.78
(m, 3H), 7.47 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 6.91 (dd, J = 8.8, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 5.84 (d, J =
6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.37 (s, 2H), 4.09 (s, 3H), 3.51 (s, 3H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 2.65 (s, 3H). MS (ES+.
m/z) 437 (M+H), 435 (M-H).
Example 3
3-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-
yl}amino)benzenesulfonamide
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-ds+NaHCOs) 5 9.58 (br s, 1H), 8.55 (br s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 6.2
Hz, 1H), 7.74-7.79 (m, 2H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.34-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.24 (s, 2H), 6.86 (m, 1H),
5.77 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.48 (s, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 424
(M+H).
Example 4
2-[4-({4-[(213-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-
yl}amino)phenyl]ethanesulfonamide
1H NMR (300 MHz, Na2CO3 + DMSO-d6) 6 9.10 (brs, 1H), 7.83 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.75
(d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.43 (d, J = 1.1 Hz, 1H),7.O6 (d, J= 8.5 Hz,
2H), 6.86-6.89 (m, 3H), 5.76 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 3.21 (m, 2H),
2.91 (m, 2H), 2.62 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 452 (M+H).
Example 5
2-[4-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]-2-
pyrimidinyl}amino)phenyl]-N-methylethanesulfonamide
NMR (300 MHz, Na2CO3 + DMSO-d6) 5 9.09 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7 75 (d,J
= 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.43 (d, J = 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2H),
6.94 (q, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (dd, J = 8.8 ft 1.6 Hz, 1H), 5.76 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (s,
3H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 3.22 (m, 2H), 2.84 (m, 2H), 2.62 (s, 3H), 2.59 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 3H). MS
(ESI) m/z = 466 [M+H]+.
Example 6
2-[3-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]-2-
pyrimidinyl}amino)phenyl]ethanesulfonamide
1H NMR (300 MHz, NaaCCb + DMSO-d6) 8 9.13 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.77-
7.72 (m, 2H), 7.58 (d, J= 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (5, TH), 7.12 (m, 1H), 6.89-6.86 (m, 3H), 6.77
(d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 5.77 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.47 (s, 3H), 3.20 (m, 2H), 2.92
(m. 2H), 2.62 (5, 3H). MS (ESI) m/z = 452 [M+H]Example 7
2-chlo.ro-5-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]-2-
pyrimidinyl}amino)benzenesulfonamide
1H NMR (300 MHz, Na2CO3 + DMSO-d6) 5 9.63 (s, 1H), 8.76 (s, 1H), 7.86-7.82 (m, 2H),
7.77 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.46-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.39 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,
1H), 5.79 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.49 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H). MS (ESI) m/z = 458
[M+H]+.
Example 8
N4-(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-n4-methyl-/\/2-{3-[i-
(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]phenyl}-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, d6-DMSO) 5 9.24 (s, 1H), 7.92 (3, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.75
(d, J = 9.7 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.19 (dd, J = 7.9 and 7.6 Hz,
1H), 6.95 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.82 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H). 4.17 (q, J
= 7.0 Hz, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.47 (s, 3H), 2.75 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H), 1.57 (d, J= 5.7 Hz, 3H)
ppm. MS (ESI) m/z = 451 [M+H]+.
Example 9
Af4-(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N4-methy!-N2-{4-[1-
(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]phenyl}-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, de-DMSO) 5 9.25 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 5.8, 1H). 7.75 (d, J = 8.5 Hz,
1H), 7.73 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,
1H). 5.81 (d, J= 5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (q, J= 7.2. Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.47 (m, 3H), 2.76 (s,
3H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 1.58 (d, J = 7.2 Hz. 3H) ppm. MS (ESI) m/z = 451 [M+H]+.
Example 10
N4-(2,3-dirnethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N4-methyl-N2-{4-[1 -methyl-1 -
(methy!sulfonyl)ethyl]phenyl}-2,4-pyrimidmediamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, Na2CO3 + DMSO-d6) 5 9.26 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.77-
7.72 (m, 3H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, J= 8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (dd, J= 8.8 & 1.5 Hz, 1H), 5.83
(d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.47 (s, 3H), 2.63 (s, 6H), 1.69 (s, 6H). MS (ESI) m/z =
465 [M+H]+.
Example 11
N4-(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N4-methyl-N2-(4-{[(4-
methylphenyl)sulfonyl]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, Na2CO3 + DMSO-de) 5 9.19 (s, 1H). 7.84 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J
= 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.43-7.37 (m, 3H), 6.93-
6.86 (m, 3H), 5.79 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (s, 2H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.45 (s, 3H), 2.63 (s, 3H),
2.39 (s, 3H). MS (ESI) m/z = 513 [M+H]+.
Example 12
N4-(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N4-methyl-N2-(4-{[(4-
methylphenyl)sulfonyl]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, Na2CO3 + DMSO-d6) 5 9.04 (s, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.76-
7.73 (m, 2H), 7.64 (dd, J= 9.0 & 2.7 Hz, 1H). 7.42 (s, 1H), 6.92 (d, J= 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.87
(dd, J= 8.8 ft 1.6 Hz, 1H), 5.76 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 1H). 4.23 (s, 2H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.76 (s, 3H),
3.45 (s, 3H), 2.84 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H). MS (ESI) m/z = 467 [M+H]+.
Example 13
N4-(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N4-methyl-N2-(4-{[(i-
methylethyl)su!fonyl]methyl}phenyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, d6DMbU+TFA) 8 10.7 (bs, 1H), 7.86 (d, J= 8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (m, 3H),
7.49 (d, J= 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.35 (d, 7= 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.94 (dd, J= 8.8 8t 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.50 (s,
1H), 4.43 (bs, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.20 (m, 1H), 2.65 (s, 3H), 1.27 (m, 6H). MS
(ES+, m/z) 465 (M+H).
Example 14
1-[3-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]-2-
pyrimidinyl}amino)phenyl]methanesulfonamide
1H NMR (300 MHz, d6DMSO+TFA) d 10.64 (bs, 1H), 7.87 (d, J= 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (bs,
1H), 7.50 (t, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (m, 3H), 7.19 (bs, 1H), 6.94 (dd, J= 8.8 8t 1.6 Hz, 1H),
6.90 (bs, 1H), 4.34 (s, 1H), 4.30 (bs, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 2.65 (s, 3H). MS (ES+,
m/z) 438 (M+H).
Example 15
1-[4-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]-2-
pyrimidinyl}amino)phenyl]methanesulfonamide
1H NMR (300 MHz, d6DMSO+TFA) 8 10.63 (us, 1H), 7.85 (m, 2H), 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.46 (d,
J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.34 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.94 (dd, J = 8.8 £t 1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (bs, 1H),
4.30 (s, 1H), 4.25 (bs, 1H), 4.08 (s, 3H), 3.56 (s, 3H). 2.65 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 438
(M+H).
Example 16
A/4-(2,3-dimethy!-2H-indazol-6-yl)-A/4-methyl-/V2-{4-[2-
(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]phenyl}pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
"H NMR (300 MHz, d6DMSO+NaHCOa) 8 9.11 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (d, J
= 12 Hz, 1H), 7.68 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.43 (s, 1H). 7.10 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (dd, J =
8.7 &1.5 Hz, 1H). 5.76 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 3.41-3.26 (m, 2H),
2.95 (s, 3H), 2.94-2.89 (m, 2H), 2.63 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 450.9 (M+H).
Examp/e 17
A/4-(2,3-dimethy!-2H-indazol-6-yl)-A/4-methyt-A/2-{3-[2-
(methylsulfonyl)ethyl]phenyl}pyrimidine-2)4-diamine
1H NMR (300 MHz, d6DMSO+NaHCO3) 5 9.54 (bs, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d,
J= 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (bs, 1H), 7.49 (bs, 2H), 7.19 (bs, 1H), 6.90 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 5.76
(d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (s, 3H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 3.41 -3.26 (m, 2H), 2.95 (s, 3H), 2.94-2.89
(m, 2H), 2.63 (s, 3H). MS (ES+, m/z) 451 (M+H).
BIOLOGICAL DATA
The compounds of the present invention elicit important and measurable
pharmacological responses. Each of the compounds d6scribed in the Examples section
bind with high affinity (IC50 d6scribed by the VEGFR2 HTRF assay below. In addition to binding to the kinase
domain of VEGFR2, the exemplified compounds of the present invention also
measurably and significantly inhibit the proliferation of endothelial cells that are
stimulated for growth by activation with VEGF. Data for inhibition of cell
proliferation are provid6d in Table 1 below.
VEGFR2 HTRF Assay
The assays were performed in 96-well black plates. 10 nM hVEGFR2 was used to
phosphorylate 0.36 µ.M peptid6 (Biotin-Ahx-EEEEYFELVAKKKK) in the presence of 75
µM ATP, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.3 mM DTT, 0.1 mg/ml BSA, and 0.1 M HEPES (pH 7.5). 10 µl
0.5 M EDTA was add6d to reactions as negative controls. The 50 µl kinase reaction
with or without inhibitors in 5°/o DMS0 was carried out at room temperature for 45
minutes, then stopped by 40 µl of 125 mM EDTA. 2.4 µg/ml Streptavidin-APC and 0.15
µg/ml Eu-a-pY, in the presence of 0.1 mg/ml BSA, 0.1 M HEPES (pH7.5), were add6d
to a final volume of 140 u.l. The plate was incubated for 10 min at room temperature
(22°C) and read on the Victor with the time resolved fluorescence mod6 by exciting at
340 nm and reading the emission at 665 nm.
Reagent resources:
Peptid6 from Synpep (Dublin, CA)
ATP, MgCI2, DTT, BSA, HEPES, EDTA, DMSO from Sigma
Streptavidin-APC from Molecular Probes (Eugene, Oregon)
Eu-a-pY from EG&G Wallac (Gaithersburg, MD)
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC) Proliferation Assay (BrdU
Incorporation)
Materials
HUVEC cells and EGM-MV (Endothelial cell growth medium - microvascular)
were purchased from Clonetics (San Diego, CA). VEGF and bFGF were purchased from
R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). Anti-BrdU antibody was obtained from chemicon
International (Temecula, CA).
Methods
HUVECs were routinely maintained in EGM-MV medium and were used within passage
7. HUVECs were plated at a d6nsity of 2500 cells/well in M199 medium containing 5%
FBS (Hyclone) in type I collagen coated plate (Becton Dickinson). The plate was
incubated at 37 °C overnight. The medium was removed by aspiration, and test
compounds were added to each well in 3 volume of 0.1 ml/well in serum-free M199
medium. Compound concentrations ranged from 1.5 nM to 30 micromolar. The plate
was incubated for 30 min at 37°C. Another 0.1 ml of serum-free M199 medium
containing BSA and VEGF (or bFGF) was add6d to give a final concentration of 0.1%
BSA and 10 ng/ml VEGF (0.3 ng/ml bFGF). The plate was incubated at 37°C for 72 hrs.
BrdU was add6d to each well after the first 48 hrs to give a concentration of 10
micromolar. The colorimetric ELISA assay was performed according to manufacturer"s
(Roche Molecular Sciences) instructions, with d6tection by absorbance reading at 450
nm. Results were plotted as concentration of test compound vs. absorbance to give
an IC50 value for inhibition of BrdU incorporation.
Table 1 = Inhibition of HUVEC proliferation (IC50 in nM; 1-200nM = ++++; 201-
500nM = +++; 501-1000nM = ++; >1,000 = +)
The application of which this d6scription and claim(s) forms part may be used
as a basis for priority in respect of any subsequent application. The claims of such
subsequent application may be directed to any feature or combination of features
d6scribed herein. They may take the form of product, composition, process or use
claims and may includ6, by way of example and without limitation, one or more of the
following claim(s):
WE CLAIM:
1. A process for preparing diamino substituted pyrimidine compounds of
formula (I)

(I)
comprising the step of:
reacting a compound of formula (Q")

with an alkylating agent to prepare a compound of formula (R1),

wherein:
X1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
X2 is C1-C4alkyl or benzyl;
X4 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
Q1 is A1 or A2;
ch is A1 when Q1 is A2 and ch is A2 when Q1 is A1;
wherein
A1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, and
A2 is the group d6fined by -(Z)m-(Z1)-(Z2), wherein
Z is C(R")(R"), where R" and R" are ind6pend6ntly selected from
-H or C1-C4 alkyl, or R" and R" together with the carbon to which they
are attached form a C3-C7 cycloalkyl group and m is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
Z1 is S(O)2, S(O), or C(O); and
Z2 is C1-C4 alkyl, NR1R2, aryl, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy, or
heteroaryl,
R1 and R2 are each ind6pend6ntly selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C7
cycloalkyl, -S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3; and
R3 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl.
2. A process for preparing a compound of formula (I)
comprising the steps of:
(i) reacting a compound of formula (Q1)
with an alkylating agent to prepare a compound of formula (R1),
; and
(ii) converting the compound of formula (R1) to the compound of formula
(I), said converting step comprising serial cond6nsation with a compound of
formula (A1) and then a compound of formula (A")
wherein:
X1 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
X2 is C1-C4alkyl or benzyl;
X4 is hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
Q1 is A1 or A2;
ch is A1 when Q1 is A2 and ch is A2 when Q1 is A1;
wherein
A1 is hydrogen, halogen, C1-C3alkyl, C1-C3haloalkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, and
A2 is the group d6fined by -(Z)m-(Z1)-(Z2), wherein
Z is C(R")(R"), where R" and R" are independ6ntly selected from
-H or C1-C4 alkyl, or R" and R" together with the carbon to which they
are attached form a C3-C7 cycloalkyl group and m is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
Z1 is S(O)2, S(O), or C(O); and
Z2 is C1-C4 alkyl, NR1R2, aryl, arylamino, aralkyl, aralkoxy, or
heteroaryl,
R1 and R2 are each ind6pend6ntly selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C7
cycloalkyl, -S(O)2R3, and -C(O)R3; and
R3 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C7 cycloalkyl.
3. A process for preparing a compound of the formula
(5-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-
yl}amino)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamid6)
comprising the step of:
reacting a compound of the formula

(3-methyl-6-nitro-1 H-indazole)
with an alkylating agent to prepare a compound of the formula

(2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole).
4. A process for preparing a compound of the formula
(5-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(nnethyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-
yl}amino)-2-methylbenzenesulfonamid6)
comprising the steps of:
(i) reacting a compound of the formula

with an alkylating agent to prepare a compound of the formula
; and
(ii) converting the compound 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-2H-indazole to the compound
5-({4-[(2,3-dimethyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino]pyrimidin-2-yl}amino)-2-
methylbenzenesulfonamide, said converting step comprising serial
cond6nsation with a compound of the formula

and then a compound of the formula
(5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamid6).
5. The process as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein the process is for
preparing the monohydrochlorid6 salt of the compound of the formula
A process for the preparation of pyrimudine derivatives, which arc useful as VEGFR2 inhibitors is described herein
The described invention also includes pyrimidine derivatives as well as methods of using the same in the treatment of hyperprolif-
erative diseases

Documents:

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-abstract.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-assignment.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-claims.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-correspondence.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-description (complete).pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-form 1.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-form 13.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-form 18.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-form 3.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-form 5.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-gpa.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-letter patent.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-reply to examination report.pdf

1794-kolnp-2004-granted-specification.pdf


Patent Number 218539
Indian Patent Application Number 01794/KOLNP/2004
PG Journal Number 14/2008
Publication Date 04-Apr-2008
Grant Date 02-Apr-2008
Date of Filing 25-Nov-2004
Name of Patentee SMITHKLINE BEECHAM CORPORATION
Applicant Address ONE FRANKLIN PLAZA, PHILADELPHIA, PA 10101 USA.
Inventors:
# Inventor's Name Inventor's Address
1 BOLOOR AMOGH 15503 DRIFTWOOD OAK COURT, HOUSTON TEXAS 77059 USA.
2 CHEUNG MUI C/O GLAXOSMITHKLINE, FIVE MOORE DRIVE POBOX 13398 RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC 27709 USA
3 STAFFORD JEFFREY ALAN 3882 QUARTER MILE DRIVE SAN DIEGO USA
PCT International Classification Number C07D
PCT International Application Number PCT/US03/19211
PCT International Filing date 2003-06-17
PCT Conventions:
# PCT Application Number Date of Convention Priority Country
1 60/389,349 2002-06-17 U.S.A.