Title of Invention	MIGRATION DEVICE FOR HANDLING LUBRICATED FILAMENT YARN & METHOD THEREFOR
Abstract	Migration method by means of treating filament yarn channel (16) of a nozzle by feeding a blowing medium into the yarn channel (16) wherein the blowing medium is introduced into the yarn channel (16) directed in thread run direction and at an introduction angle which has an angular variation a from the vertical to the thread run direction, which is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45°, the filaments of the lubricated yarn (4,4') are thoroughly mixed and lightly crossed without generating knots

Title of Invention

MIGRATION DEVICE FOR HANDLING LUBRICATED FILAMENT YARN & METHOD THEREFOR

Abstract

Migration method by means of treating filament yarn channel (16) of a nozzle by feeding a blowing medium into the yarn channel (16) wherein the blowing medium is introduced into the yarn channel (16) directed in thread run direction and at an introduction angle which has an angular variation a from the vertical to the thread run direction, which is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45°, the filaments of the lubricated yarn (4,4') are thoroughly mixed and lightly crossed without generating knots

Full Text	Technical Scope This invention relates to migration device for handling lubricated filement yarn and method therefor. The invention pertains to a method and device for treating filament yarn in a yarn channel of a nozzle, by feeding of the blowing medium into the yarn channel State-of-the-art Technology Treatment of endless filament yarn mainly has two tasks. Firstly, the yarn, manufactured from industrially produced filaments, should be given a textile character and also textile- technical properties. Secondly, the yarn is treated with respect to specific quality of features for further processing and/or for the end product. Partly, yarn qualities must be produced, which are not necessary or even not attainable in case of products manufactured with natural fibres. The scope of application lies in the industrial processing of textile, e.g. for the building sector, automobile construction, and also for carpet manufacture and for special textile products in the sports and leisure industry Furthermore, spun yarn should be treated with certain lubricants for the best possible industrial processing and the processing method for yarns and fabrics must be optimised. Optimization means here also retaining or increasing certain quality criteria and decrease of production costs, which includes idle periods during the entire processing path. Certified that this document (total 17 pages including this one) is a true translation of the original German document presented under reference number PCT/CH 00/00120. In filament spinning, various treatments, like lubrication and finishing of yarn with yarn treatment nozzles, are an important section. Structural change of plain yarn to a texturized or intermingled yarn is brought about with the help of mechanical air forces. In case of texturing, one would like to give the plain yarn a textile character. With a supersonic charge, small loops are formed on the filaments and thus a large volume is generated on the entire yarn. During intermingling, knots are formed on the yarn at short distances, which increase the holding together of the yarn and provide a stable run of the yarn during processing and spooling. Air treatment nozzles are used for improving the structure of a yarn. A very demanding process is the improvement of the quality by treating with hot steam, for example for relaxing during a drawing process or after any other prior process intervention. In all cases, the nozzle bodies are made of highly wear-resistant material, as otherwise their life span would be too short. A not too insignificant problem source for yarn treating nozzles lies in the preparation. Thereby a yarn is provided with protective substances immediately after the spinning sequence, or generation of individual filaments. The protective substances are supposed to be a help for the subsequent processing. The substances used for the preparation have an oily sliding property, so that the sliding friction of the yarn remains as low as possible over the entire path of processing, the danger of damage or breaking of the yarn gets minimized and the wear and tear on the sliding surfaces of the transporting processing units can be kept as low as possible. However, there are a series of further factors which are positively influenced by the preparation or the preparation agent, e.g. static charges. Another area is the protection against fungus attack of the yarn during storage periods between the various processing stages. Another very important stage for filament yarn is the stretching. After the filaments leave the spinning nozzles, the thus formed yarn must be stretched. Stretching demands a more or less plain/smooth yarn, which is not ensured in case of a textured yarn. In quite a lot of applications there is a need to give the yarn a minimum binding. The binding should however only be so intensive, that the subsequent processing stages are not negatively influenced. It is known, that in a spinning process, after applying the preparation agent an intermingling nozzle is attached. In this way only very weak knots are formed on the yarn, or perhaps even only hints of knots, in order to stabilize the immediate subsequent transportation. Disadvantageous thereby is, finding of optimum condition or an optimum compromise between no knots or indications of knots. For this, till today known intermingling nozzles with bad utilization of air treatment or with only very weak swirl formation, mainly with relatively low pressure of the treating air, are used. In practice, often the uniformity and consistency of the thus obtained yarn structure suffers In the state-of-the-art technology there is no stable treatment possibility for yarn or a suitable device which generates that much of filament binding that a calm and stable yarn run is ensured, without disadvantage for subsequent interventions or process stages or with respect to structural changes. The document DE 41 02 790 deals with a specific problems in case of false twisting crimping machines and suggests a conveyor nozzle. For this purpose, the conveyor air is blown into the nozzle channel at an angle of say 20° to the yarn run direction. During the almost exclusive conveying effect the yarn remains almost unchanged. The document US-PS 4 214 352 suggests a texturising nozzle for generation of a loop yarn A blow-in angle of approx. 45° is shown. Presentation of the Invention It is the task of this invention to develop a method as well as yarn treatment nozzles, which allow a prior bonding of the yarn binding, particularly with the highest possible consistency of a light structural intervention The objective was to generate the binding even at the highest speed of yarn transportation immediately after the spinning nozzle and, for example, directly in connection with the job of lubrication agents of, e.g. 3'000 - 7'000 /min. It was specially part of the job to improve the conditions for treatment of yarn with respect to lubrication agents, productivity, especially yarn quality even at the highest speeds. The method as per the invention has the special feature, that the blowing medium is introduced into the yarn channel in the thread running direction under an introductory angle with an angular inclination a to the vertical with respect to the thread run direction; this angle is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45°. The filaments of the lubricated yarn get mixed and lightly crossed without generating any knots. The device as per the invention has the special feature, that the device is designed as migration nozzle, with a compressed air feeding channel directed into the yarn channel in yarn run direction, which has an inclination greater than 15°, however smaller than 45°, from the vertical to the yarn run direction. The invention further pertains to the application of the device for a good through-mixing as well as uniform distribution of the lubrication agent on the filament yarn, whereby the filaments get joined to a slightly crossed but knot-free yarn and the lubrication agent is simultaneously distributed optimally over the entire yarn. The invention allows a large number of particularly advantageous design forms. Practice shows that with increasing transportation speed of the yarn, e.g. in the range for polyester higher than 3500 m/min., PP higher than 3000 m/min. and for polyamide higher than 4200 m/min , the thread run becomes unsteady and unstable in spite of the lubrication. This instability increases further with further increase in the spinning yarn speed This becomes problematic for higher multiple end spinning positions, and primarily holds goods for deflection or drawing rollers in pre-oriented POY and finish-oriented FOY-/ as well as fully stretched FDY-spinning processes. A further aspect lies therein, that always a closer division is endeavoured due to machine-structural and process-technical reasons, so that at the same machine depth where previously there were four yarn runs, today one strives for 8 to 10 In case of thinner division there increases the danger, that the filaments come in contact with one another due to the adjacent yarn runs, spring out and then immediately cause a break in thread. Even due to ecological and economic reasons, the application of lubrication agents with corresponding contacts of lubrication lips cannot be arbitrarily increased. All earlier experiments showed that the region around 15° for the introduction angle of blowing air into the yarn channel or on the longitudinal central axis LM of a intermingling nozzle also at the same time poses a barrier. Mostly, in case of intermingling nozzles, the air charge is directed vertically on the longitudinal central axis, for generation of two uniform swirls in the yarn channel. All experiences so far have shown that, the more the direction of the blowing air was inclined, say in the range of approx. 10 to about 15° to a vertical with respect to the yarn run, the more the air has a conveying component and also the more the intermingling nozzles lost their actual function, namely generation of intermingling knots Therefore, in case where a certain air treatment by way of intermingling nozzle was wanted, however without knot formation in the yarn, it was convenient to take an intermingling nozzle of the state-of-the-art technology, however simply reducing the air pressure to such an extent till, due to lack of energy the compressed air no longer would form any knots. The disadvantage was, that the reproduceability of the result left a lot to be desired. Systematic series of experiments with the new solution surprisingly showed, that in the region greater than by 15° for the introduction angle, by suitable adjustment of the blowing air pressure new effects were generated, namely a slight crossing of the filaments and a corresponding through-mix effect. In own experiments one could surprisingly determine, that in case of prior application of lubrication agent on the yarn this got optimally distributed on the yarn or the individual filaments and the effect of the lubrication agent itself on reduction of the quantity of the lubricating agent by 5 to 20% became even clearer, as opposed to the known practice. With this new solution one can achieve a steadier run, stability and an increase of operational safety. Thus, in many cases, one can save 10 - 20% or more of lubrication agent. There are several usage possibilities. It could quickly be seen that the effect of slight crossing does not disturb any of the subsequent treatment stages, e g neither the stretching nor the generation of a knot-yarn, or thermal effects like relaxation. For use of the lubrication agent, the new solution fulfils a double function, namely crossing and optimization of the lubrication agent application and its distribution. As the air flow in yarn run direction gets a strong conveying effect, not only can the transportation speed of the air be increased but the effect of the air, in the sense of intensive air whirls can also be increased without generating knots. Thus, in practice a new element can be made available with very positive effect, which was not possible till now in this manner, and which allows multiple usage possibilities. In a vast majority of application cases, air is the optimum blowing medium. It is however seen, that in special applications even steam can be used as medium, e.g. for relaxation The new process stage is referred to below as migration stage and the new air nozzle is referred to as migration nozzle. In POY- and FOY-/FDY-spinning processes the thread run becomes steadier with an additional migration stage. One gets a stabilization of the thread on the subsequent deflecting or drawing rollers, and also due to the uniform distribution of the spinning lubrication between the filaments and hence also by compensation of thread tension differences. Depending on the spinning process, this takes place as follows - In the FOY-/FDY-process the stabilization of the thread on the drawing or deflecting rollers should take place by means of a uniform distribution of the spinning lubrication in the thread, as well as a light through-mixing of the filaments (a kind of continuous intermingling with knot formation). There should not be any intermingling points, as this would lead to differences in friction during the drawing process on the drawing rollers. The migration nozzle is situated before the first drawing roller. If one has to intermingle, then it is done before the spooler with additional air whirling nozzle. - In the POY process, similarly a stabilization of the thread on the rollers (here: deflecting rollers) is attempted by means of a uniform distribution of the spinning lubrication between the filaments; the mounting position is the same. - In the BCF process, a stabilization of the individual filaments in the yarn and distribution of the lubrication is generated. In the tricolour process, additionally a slight colour separation in the yearn is achieved. Mounting position is the same as in the case of the other processes. The blowing air current is generated with compressed air which should preferably be less than 6 bar, preferably lesser than 1.5 bar and more preferably between 0.3 bar to 1.2 bar. In case of finer yarns it has been seen that a pressure of approx. 0.5 bar is optimum. With the help of the migration nozzle, a new path has been shown for crossing of the filaments, which was not known before in practice. The technology coming next is intermingling. In intermingling, a mixing and binding of the individual filaments of a yarn are sought, which in the result can be identified by visible knots. During migration no knots should be formed, which is achieved on the one hand by a blowing in angle of greater than 15°, preferably 20 - 60°, particularly lesser than 45°, and on the other hand with a low pressure of the treatment air. Instead of knot formation, only a mixing and crossing of the filaments is endeavoured. The air current directed in yarn run direction has in the yarn channel a sufficiently intensive distribution and mixing function for the lubrication agent. The lubrication agent gets more uniformly distributed on the entire yarn due to the whirl flow and the very intensive movement of the filaments relatively towards one another by means of local centrifugal and frictional movements of the filaments, and with the help of the quite good binding effect for the filaments of a yarn gives a noticeably stable thread run, even at the highest transportation speed of a yarn as known presently. The mentioned jumping was no longer noticed after using the new solution, so that even the danger of the thread breaking gets significantly reduced. The treatment in the migration nozzle takes place within the framework of the spinning process, preferably immediately after lubrication at very high transportation speed of the yarn The migration nozzle has a continuous treatment channel which extends in thread run direction in many application, with a compressed air feeding into the yarn channel directed in transportation direction, which goes into the yarn channel at an inclination of more than 15° to the vertical. The migration nozzle is attached at a free distance immediately after a device for application of lubrication agent. The effective yarn channel length is preferably designed constantly extended, with the smallest cross-section in the region of yarn feed and largest cross-section in the region of the yarn removal from the yarn channel of the migration nozzle. Earlier experiments have shown that good results can be achieved if the ratio between the inlet cross-section and outlet cross-section is approx. 1:2. The air feeder ends approx at the end of the first one-third of the treatment channel. Over the length of the yarn channel the migration nozzle has a threading hole. This is preferably arranged in the upper one-third of the yarn channel in the separation level between nozzle plate and baffle plate. The migration nozzle can be designed as single, double or multiple nozzle. Instead of migration, the same or slightly modified nozzle can be used for relaxation, whereby steam instead of compressed air would be required. Depending on the application, the nozzle can be used as closed or open nozzle with threading hole. It has been recognized by the inventors that a nozzle with binding agent can remain operation- safe only if the nozzle, pressure, heat, steam or chemical substances are durable With the glue compounds used so far, not all practical problems could be satisfactorily solved Furthermore, glue compounds can only be investigated only if the practical conditions are already known. A glue compound cannot be determined in its composition with respect to attack from still unknown chemicals which could be used in future, however with additional heat and humidity effect. In the new solution, the binding agents are preferably arranged in a common alignment, preferably aligned with the yarn run. Surprisingly, in a corresponding pin binding it could be determined that contrary to the state-of-the-art technology, in this way the entire nozzle body can be built much smaller, even in miniature form. Particularly while using a double nozzle, or several nozzles beside one another, the division between two adjacent yarn runs can be selected significantly smaller than before. In some application cases this even has a reactive effect on the galette size With the possibility of the miniaturization, on one and the same machine size, thanks to the new binding, additional yarn runs can be foreseen and accordingly the total efficiency of the machine can be increased. This means that the binding agent previously used in watch technology also brings unexpected advantages at totally different levels. The strong holding together of the parts can be ensured by a classical screw binding, as in the state-of-the-art technology. The new solution is particularly advantageous in the application as intermingling nozzle and as thermal treatment body and, as will be shown later, as migration nozzle. In conformity with the known intermingling nozzles, the treatment medium is directed as far as possible exactly on to the longitudinal central axis of the yarn channel, however at an inclination greater than 15° in yarn transportation direction In this way, uniform whirls are generated on both sides, however no knots. Short Description of the Invention The new solution is described with further details below on the basis of several design example. The following are shown in big enlargements: Fig. 1 A lubrication with subsequent migration nozzle each, in section; Fig 2a the migration nozzle shown in fig. 1 in larger scale; Fig 2b the air whirl flow in the yarn channel; Fig.2c a single and Fig.2d a double migration nozzle as open structure with threading hole; Figs. 3a - 3c an optimum binding of a divided nozzle with alignment pins; Figs. 4a and 4b show two migration nozzles with different opening angle ß of the yarn channel; Figs. 5a - 5c different designs of a migration nozzle with integrated lubrication agent feed; Fig. 6a an enlargement of untreated plain yarn; Fig 6b plain yarn with crossings of the filaments; Fig.6c intermingled yarn with two typical knots with left-twist or right-twist; Fig.7a - 7c schematically, three different usage areas, of a migration nozzle as well as an intermingling nozzle as in the state-of-the-art technology, Figs. 8a and 8b two usage examples for POY yarn; Figs 9a - 9c three usage areas for FDY yarn; Fig. 1 Oa usage in technical yarns; Fig. 1 Ob usage for BCF yarn. Methods and Design of the Invention Fig. 1 shows a cutout from a yarn treatment stage 1, whereby on the left the chemical lubrication stage 2 and on the right the migration stage 3 is shown. Yarn 4 comes directly from a spinning process and is led through a lubrication device, which has a basic body 5 in which a feed channel for the lubrication agent CH.Pr is guided from below up to the region of the thread run and ends with the so-called lubrication lips 7. Above the lubrication lips 7, two U-shaped guide studs 8 are arranged, which lead the yarn 4 sideways over the lubrication lips 7. The basic body 5 ideally has a bulged guide groove 9, in such a way that the thread run is compulsorily guided in a protective manner over the point of contact of the yarn 4 with the lubrication agent CH.Pr. The application of the lubrication agent CH.Pr on the yarn 4 takes place like a move-along effect through loop contact. As the lubrication agent CH.Pr in the feed channel 6 is under pressure only as long as a sure after-flow is guaranteed, it is not possible to uniformly network all filaments of the yarn. The result is that the yarn 4 cannot be homogeneously provided with the lubrication agent over the lubrication lips 7. Depending on the type of lubrication agent, the applied lubrication agent film partly dries on one side rapidly, so that the effectivity gets reduced. The inventors have identified that this problem can be eliminated with the help of a first design, in that the yarn 4 is subjected to a more intensive air whirl flow shortly after the lubrication, at a distance FA in a migration nozzle 10 A double whirl flow has proved to be optimum, which generates a good through-mixing of the lubrication agent in the entire yarn bundle and at the same time generates a crossing of the filaments in the yarn 4'. In doing so, intermingling knots (fig. 6c) should be avoided. The yarn gets opened by the double whirl flow and slightly crosses the individual filaments against one another (see fig. 6b). A migration nozzle 10 is shown on a larger scale in fig. 2a, once again in section. The migration nozzle 10 is designed two-part and consists of an upper cover plate or pall plate 11 as well as lower nozzle plate 12 with the connection 13 for the treatment medium. From the connection 13 the medium is fed through a first hole 14 as well as a compressed medium feed channel 15 into the yarn channel 16. Important thereby is the blow-in direction, which is denoted by the angle a. The angle a must be greater than 10° to the vertical with respect to the yarn run into the yarn channel 16. According to earlier experiments the angle a should even be greater than approx. 15°. Due to the angular range of 15° - 60°, like before, a double whirl and at the same time also a strong conveying effect is generated in the yarn transportation direction. As shown in fig. 2a, the mouth of the compressed medium feed channel 15 lies at the end of approx. the first one-third of the yarn channel 16, as can be seen from the dimension data X and Y. On the three sections marked by the dimension arrows (treatment channel beginning A, mouth of the air blow-in B and end of the treatment channel C) the free cross-section of the yarn channel 16 becomes increasingly greater in yarn transportation direction. The size of the narrowest cross-section depends on the titre of the yarn as already known in the case of intermingling nozzles. The surface F3 is approx. twice as large as F1 depending on the angle, F2 is correspondingly proportional between both values F1 and F3. Contrary to the lubrication stage 2, in which a chemical lubrication agent (CH.Pr) is added, the migration stage 3 works with a gas-shaped medium. It could be mere compressed air, heated air or steam, depending on the kind of desired treatment A free distance FA between the lubrication device 5 and the migration nozzle 10 is of great advantage for the subsequent fitting of a migration nozzle in existing plants. The gas-shaped medium used in the migration nozzle 10 should at least work dominantly in yarn transportation direction, in such a way that the minimum possible of gas-shaped medium blows back into the inlet region 20 of the yarn channel 16, which could disturb the application of the chemical lubrication agent CH.Pr. As already mentioned earlier, for migration relatively lesser pressure of treatment gas is required, which in many cases of application lies approx. between 0.3 and 1.5 bar. The baffle surface 21 should preferably be designed as smooth surface, whereas the opposite side 22 (air blow-in side) is rounded. The channel width in the region of the nozzle plate KBD should, according to fig 2b, be at least equal to or greater than the channel width KBP in the baffle plate, so that the individual filaments do not remain hanging at the protrusions, particularly in the region of the threading hole 22, or no corresponding disturbances are caused. Fig. 2c shows a single yarn treatment nozzle, fig. 2d shows a double nozzle. In fig. 2d the division T between two adjacent yarn runs are shown. In many cases it is possible to provide instead of only a single compressed medium feed channel 15, two or more channels, which work appropriately. Figs. 3a and 3b show a two-part migration nozzle 10 as section of the fig. 3c. Fig. 3a is a section IIIa - IIIa of fig. 3c, fig. 3b is a section IIIb - IIIb of the fig. 3c. Fig. 3c is a section III - III of the fig. 3a. The migration nozzle 10 consists of a nozzle plate 11 and a cover plate 12. Both parts can be solidly fixed by a screw 32 (fig 3b). For the exact positioning, especially as mounting aids, the nozzle plate 10 and the cover plate 12 are secured by two aligning pins 33, 33' against displacement in a level (shown in fig. 3b by X - X) according to the arrow 34. The shown aligning pins 33, 33' have a double function in the shown example. Apart from positioning of nozzle plate and cover plate with respect to one another, they also serve the purpose of local fixing of the entire migration nozzle 10 to the holding frame 35 which is not shown. The aligning pins 33, 33' are already mounted by the manufacturer in one of the nozzle parts. Important thereby is that the supporting is not done on a glue joint, welding joint or soldering joint, but the mechanical clamping agents give an anchoring into the material of the air treatment body. A clamping spring or clamping ring 36 represent the mechanical clamping agents. For the clamping ring 36, a relief somewhat similar in shape to the clamping agent is provided in connection with a conical recess in the nozzle plate 11 A lead-in cone makes the automatic mounting of the aligning pins easier The nozzle plate 11 has two alignment holes. The aligning pin can also be manually inserted into a through-hole 37 which is shown dashed line, till the clamping ring 36 comes to the end position of the lead- in cone. The remaining movement for inserting the aligning pin 33 can be done with a light impact, e.g. by a rubber hammer, so that the clamping spring 36 jumps into the relief In the finally mounted condition, the aligning pin 33 protrudes on both sides. The counter-piece to the nozzle plate 11 is the cover plate 12, which correspondingly has two axis-parallel pin- holes at an identical distance. The mounting of both parts 11, 12 already takes place at the manufacturer's place. In the application operation, for cleaning the parts, after loosening the screw 32, the parts can be removed from one another in the axis direction of the aligning pins. A further great advantage of the suggested solution is, that later recycling is improved due to the easy separability of the parts and each material can be separately processed. This is important also because the yarn treatment nozzles are wear- and-tear parts. Figs. 3a and 3c show a possible shape of yarn channel 16 for treatment of yarn with compressed air or steam The position for a medium connector is marked by DL, whereby the medium, e.g. with 1 to 10 bar is introduced into the yarn channel 16 through a feed hole 15. Ideally, both the aligning pins 33, 33' are arranged on a common horizontal line 37 (VE) along with the screw 32. In this way the aligning joint as well as the force connection is optimum and allows a particularly close division for the yarn run. Both the basic bodies of the migration nozzles are made of highly wear-resistant and very costly material, especially ceramic. The holes or seats for the clamping agents can be manufactured standardized or automated with respect to the diameters and diameter ratios. The aligning pins, on the other hand, can be fabricated in different lengths for the respective application as reasonably priced decoltage parts. Figs. 2b, 2c and 2c as well as 3 a to 3 c are also examples for thermal treatment in one or two through-run chambers, particularly for treatment of yarn with hot steam or hot air without immediate prior lubrication. Each through-run chamber has a yarn inlet 38, a yarn outlet 39 and in the centre region a medium feeding opening 5. If the medium is hot steam, for very high yarn transportation speeds today one gets as disadvantage with yarn which has been treated priorly with lubrication agents at some point of time, extremely aggressive conditions. Particularly interesting in the example shown is, that both the through-run chambers or steam chambers have a significantly large length measurement which is conditioned by the working process, or has to be determined from case to case As one can see from fig 2b, 2c and 2d, the yarn treatment body has not only one but two or more through-run chambers. With the new design of the binding agents, both the chambers can be built particularly close to one another. If several parallel yarn runs are required, then this is particularly advantageous, because in this way the division T between two adjacent yarn runs can be selected extremely small. The aligning pin joint and screw joint is preferably attached on a line 37 parallel to the yarn run and is resistant to lubrication agents. The medium fed through the feed opening 15 can leave the through-run chamber through the yarn inlet 38 or the yarn outlet 39. If only one single treatment position is in use, the medium quantity is still small and can flow away into the room. However, if many steam positions are used in the same room, then particularly in case of hot steam, it should be collected out of the through-run chamber and removed. Ideally, one or more positions should be surrounded by a common medium collecting housing. In case of thermal treatment, a radiation effect must be avoided. Steam feeding can also be done through several holes. It is important to avoid a strong radiation effect by the thermal medium in case of thermal treatment, whether it is hot air, hot steam or any hot medium mixture, which, for example, could also contain lubrication agents. Figs. 4a and 4b show an example each for different extension angle (3 of the yarn channel. Fig. 4a shows a larger angle ß2 with 5-10°. Fig. 4b shows an angle less than 6°. In fig 5a, the possibility of a yarn channel with constant cross-section is shown by two short parallel dashes Fig. 5a to 5c show the basic possibility in a migration nozzle of adding lubrication agent CH Pr through a feed channel. The lubrication agent CH.Pr is fed directly into the yarn channel 16 through a fine hole 40. At the entry point, the lubrication agent can be applied directly on the running yarn by wiping, as in the case of the lubrication lips. As there is an enormous variety of different lubrication agents, even with respect to consistency, the special lubrication agent application has to be adapted in special cases. A further possibility is shown in fig. 5c. Here the lubrication agent is fed into the yarn channel 16 through the hole 40 in the compressed medium feed channel 15 As in the case of application of steam as treatment medium, it could also become necessary in the solution as shown in figs. 5a - 5c to suction off the exiting air. For an optimum mixing and application of the lubrication agent, one or more pouches 41 can be arranged in the region of the holes Fig. 6a shows a strong enlargement of a plain yarn 4, whereby the individual filaments run almost parallel in the thread. The parallel bundling of the filaments has the great disadvantage, in that firstly the thread bundle is very loose and secondly the individual filaments can break away from the bundle very easily and could pose problems during processing. Fig. 6c shows as counter-piece a knot-yarn, which was produced in a classical intermingling nozzle. One can see above and below one knot respectively, whereby L is a left-twist knot and R a right-twist knot. The knot binding is relatively stable; however, the knot-yarn can again get released by strong and multiple tuggings on a piece Knot formation pre-requires a filament yarn. If the yarn already has half or weak knots, the actual knot formation becomes more difficult and bad in an intermingling nozzle. The yarn sample between the knot yarn (fig. 6c) and plain yarn (fig. 6a) is the new crossed yarn (fig 6b). The individual filaments are lightly crossed against one another or, in other words, continuously mixed in the other constallation The crossing gives a sufficient holding together so that in the immediately subsequent processing the bundle cannot get loose, especially individual filaments can no longer get removed from the bundle. The crossed yarn gives the subsequent processing precisely the required safety for transportation or spooling or the particular treatment stages which will be explained below Fig. 7a schematically shows from top to bottom a spinning line for POY, fig. 7b for FDY/FOY as spin drawing line and fig. 7c the application for a spinning drawing texturising line BCF-yarn, which has spinning 50, a migration stage 51, a drawing stage 52, a texturising stage 53 and an intermingling 54 and finally a spooling 55. In fig. 7a the stage stretching and texturising are missing and in fig. 7 only texturising is missing as compared to fig. 7c. Figs 8a and 8b as well as 9a to 9c show usages of a migration stage 51 in different spinning processes, whereby 50 denotes a so-called spin beam with subsequent spinning shaft as well as the blowing, 2 denotes the lubrication stage and 60 denotes an automatic yarn cutting device. Before the winding stage, the intermingling is denoted by 54. 3 is the migration stage the 55 is the winding stage. In figs. 8a and 8b DrTw denotes "Draw Twisting" and DRW denotes "Draw Winding", which follows subsequently. Figs. 8a and 8b stand for POY-yarn, whereas figs. 9a to 9c indicate an application for FDY-yarn Points at which heat is introduced are marked with HEAT Fig. 10a shows a process of technical yarn and fig. 10b shows a BCF-process. The reference numerical 60 is put in brackets in figs. 8a, 8b, 9a - 9c, 10a, 10b With this it becomes clear that the concrete use of the migration nozzle alone or a combination with a lubrication stage or as a third possibility, the use of a combined nozzle is possible as shown in figs. 5a and 5c. For the design, shapes of cross-section etc. one could refer to the possibilities given in EP-P PS 564 400, EP-PS 465 405 or US-PS 5 010 631. WE CLAIM: 1. Migration method by means of treating filament yarn channel (16) of a nozzle by feeding a blowing medium into the yarn channel (16) wherein the blowing medium is introduced into the yarn channel (16) directed in thread run direction and at an introduction angle which has an angular variation a from the vertical to the thread run direction, which is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45°, the filaments of the lubricated yarn (4,40 are thoroughly mixed and lightly crossed without generating knots. 2. Migration method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nozzle is arranged at a free distance, immediately after a device for application of lubrication agents, especially lubrication lips (7). 3. Migration method as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein the lubrication agent is fed into the yarn channel (16) directly to the running yarn (4,4'), before or after introduction of the blowing medium. 4. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubrication agent is fed into the blowing medium feed immediately on entry into the yarn channel (16) or into the feed channel of the blowing air. 5. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the blowing medium is introduced as compressed air having less than 6 bar, before the longitudinal centre of the yarn channel (16), preferably in the first one-third, and is directed on to the centre line of the yarn channel (16). 6. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the blowing medium flow is generated with compressed air of lesser than 1.5 bar and the introduction angle into the yarn channel (16) is 15°-30°. 7. Migration method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blowing medium flow is generated with steam having a pressure of 4-10 bar and the introduction angle into the yarn channel (16) is 25° - 45°. 8. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the treatment takes place within the framework of a filament spinning process at correspondingly high transportation speeds of the yarn (4). 9. Migration device for handling lubricated filament yarn wherein the device is designed as migration nozzle (10), with a compressed medium feed channel (15) going into the yarn channel (16) and directed in the yarn run direction, which has an angular deviation of a from the vertical to the yarn run direction or to the longitudinal centre axis of the yarn channel (16) and this angle is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45° and is directed into the yarn channel (16). 10. Migration device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the migration nozzle (10) is designed as a two-part nozzle plate (12) and baffle plate (11) and has a threading hole (23) over the length of the yarn channel (16), which is preferably arranged in the separation level between nozzle plate (12) and baffle plate (11). 11. Migration device as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 10, wherein the migration nozzle (10) is designed as single or as multiple nozzle. 12. Device as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 11, wherein the migration nozzle (10) has a feed hole (40) for lubrication agents, going immediately into the yarn channel (16) or into the compressed yarn feed channel (15). 13. Device as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 12, wherein the yarn channel (16) has one or more pouches 41 for the lubrication agent, which is/are arranged on the side opposite to the mouth of the feed hole (40) for the lubrication agent. 14. Application of the device as claimed in claims 9 to 14 for a good through- mixing and uniform distribution of lubrication agent or filament yarn, whereby the filaments are combined to a lightly crossed, however knot- free yarn (4) and the lubrication agent is simultaneously distributed optimally on the entire yarn (4). Migration method by means of treating filament yarn channel (16) of a nozzle by feeding a blowing medium into the yarn channel (16) wherein the blowing medium is introduced into the yarn channel (16) directed in thread run direction and at an introduction angle which has an angular variation a from the vertical to the thread run direction, which is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45°, the filaments of the lubricated yarn (4,4') are thoroughly mixed and lightly crossed without generating knots

Full Text

Technical Scope This invention relates to migration device for handling
lubricated filement yarn and method therefor.
The invention pertains to a method and device for treating filament yarn in a yarn channel of a
nozzle, by feeding of the blowing medium into the yarn channel
State-of-the-art Technology
Treatment of endless filament yarn mainly has two tasks. Firstly, the yarn, manufactured
from industrially produced filaments, should be given a textile character and also textile-
technical properties. Secondly, the yarn is treated with respect to specific quality of features
for further processing and/or for the end product. Partly, yarn qualities must be produced,
which are not necessary or even not attainable in case of products manufactured with natural
fibres. The scope of application lies in the industrial processing of textile, e.g. for the
building sector, automobile construction, and also for carpet manufacture and for special
textile products in the sports and leisure industry Furthermore, spun yarn should be treated
with certain lubricants for the best possible industrial processing and the processing method
for yarns and fabrics must be optimised. Optimization means here also retaining or increasing
certain quality criteria and decrease of production costs, which includes idle periods during
the entire processing path.
Certified that this document (total 17 pages including this one) is a true translation of the
original German document presented under reference number PCT/CH 00/00120.
In filament spinning, various treatments, like lubrication and finishing of yarn with yarn
treatment nozzles, are an important section. Structural change of plain yarn to a texturized or
intermingled yarn is brought about with the help of mechanical air forces. In case of
texturing, one would like to give the plain yarn a textile character. With a supersonic charge,
small loops are formed on the filaments and thus a large volume is generated on the entire
yarn. During intermingling, knots are formed on the yarn at short distances, which increase
the holding together of the yarn and provide a stable run of the yarn during processing and
spooling. Air treatment nozzles are used for improving the structure of a yarn. A very
demanding process is the improvement of the quality by treating with hot steam, for example
for relaxing during a drawing process or after any other prior process intervention. In all
cases, the nozzle bodies are made of highly wear-resistant material, as otherwise their life
span would be too short. A not too insignificant problem source for yarn treating nozzles lies
in the preparation. Thereby a yarn is provided with protective substances immediately after
the spinning sequence, or generation of individual filaments. The protective substances are
supposed to be a help for the subsequent processing. The substances used for the preparation
have an oily sliding property, so that the sliding friction of the yarn remains as low as possible
over the entire path of processing, the danger of damage or breaking of the yarn gets
minimized and the wear and tear on the sliding surfaces of the transporting processing units
can be kept as low as possible. However, there are a series of further factors which are
positively influenced by the preparation or the preparation agent, e.g. static charges. Another
area is the protection against fungus attack of the yarn during storage periods between the
various processing stages.
Another very important stage for filament yarn is the stretching. After the filaments leave the
spinning nozzles, the thus formed yarn must be stretched. Stretching demands a more or less
plain/smooth yarn, which is not ensured in case of a textured yarn. In quite a lot of
applications there is a need to give the yarn a minimum binding. The binding should however
only be so intensive, that the subsequent processing stages are not negatively influenced. It is
known, that in a spinning process, after applying the preparation agent an intermingling
nozzle is attached. In this way only very weak knots are formed on the yarn, or perhaps even
only hints of knots, in order to stabilize the immediate subsequent transportation.
Disadvantageous thereby is, finding of optimum condition or an optimum compromise
between no knots or indications of knots. For this, till today known intermingling nozzles
with bad utilization of air treatment or with only very weak swirl formation, mainly with
relatively low pressure of the treating air, are used. In practice, often the uniformity and
consistency of the thus obtained yarn structure suffers In the state-of-the-art technology there
is no stable treatment possibility for yarn or a suitable device which generates that much of
filament binding that a calm and stable yarn run is ensured, without disadvantage for
subsequent interventions or process stages or with respect to structural changes.
The document DE 41 02 790 deals with a specific problems in case of false twisting crimping
machines and suggests a conveyor nozzle. For this purpose, the conveyor air is blown into
the nozzle channel at an angle of say 20° to the yarn run direction. During the almost
exclusive conveying effect the yarn remains almost unchanged. The document US-PS 4 214
352 suggests a texturising nozzle for generation of a loop yarn A blow-in angle of approx.
45° is shown.
Presentation of the Invention
It is the task of this invention to develop a method as well as yarn treatment nozzles, which
allow a prior bonding of the yarn binding, particularly with the highest possible consistency of
a light structural intervention The objective was to generate the binding even at the highest
speed of yarn transportation immediately after the spinning nozzle and, for example, directly
in connection with the job of lubrication agents of, e.g. 3'000 - 7'000 /min. It was specially
part of the job to improve the conditions for treatment of yarn with respect to lubrication
agents, productivity, especially yarn quality even at the highest speeds.
The method as per the invention has the special feature, that the blowing medium is
introduced into the yarn channel in the thread running direction under an introductory angle
with an angular inclination a to the vertical with respect to the thread run direction; this angle
is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45°. The filaments of the lubricated yarn get mixed
and lightly crossed without generating any knots.
The device as per the invention has the special feature, that the device is designed as
migration nozzle, with a compressed air feeding channel directed into the yarn channel in yarn
run direction, which has an inclination greater than 15°, however smaller than 45°, from the
vertical to the yarn run direction.
The invention further pertains to the application of the device for a good through-mixing as
well as uniform distribution of the lubrication agent on the filament yarn, whereby the
filaments get joined to a slightly crossed but knot-free yarn and the lubrication agent is
simultaneously distributed optimally over the entire yarn.
The invention allows a large number of particularly advantageous design forms.
Practice shows that with increasing transportation speed of the yarn, e.g. in the range for
polyester higher than 3500 m/min., PP higher than 3000 m/min. and for polyamide higher
than 4200 m/min , the thread run becomes unsteady and unstable in spite of the lubrication.
This instability increases further with further increase in the spinning yarn speed This
becomes problematic for higher multiple end spinning positions, and primarily holds goods
for deflection or drawing rollers in pre-oriented POY and finish-oriented FOY-/ as well as
fully stretched FDY-spinning processes. A further aspect lies therein, that always a closer
division is endeavoured due to machine-structural and process-technical reasons, so that at the
same machine depth where previously there were four yarn runs, today one strives for 8 to 10
In case of thinner division there increases the danger, that the filaments come in contact with
one another due to the adjacent yarn runs, spring out and then immediately cause a break in
thread. Even due to ecological and economic reasons, the application of lubrication agents
with corresponding contacts of lubrication lips cannot be arbitrarily increased.
All earlier experiments showed that the region around 15° for the introduction angle of
blowing air into the yarn channel or on the longitudinal central axis LM of a intermingling
nozzle also at the same time poses a barrier. Mostly, in case of intermingling nozzles, the air
charge is directed vertically on the longitudinal central axis, for generation of two uniform
swirls in the yarn channel. All experiences so far have shown that, the more the direction of
the blowing air was inclined, say in the range of approx. 10 to about 15° to a vertical with
respect to the yarn run, the more the air has a conveying component and also the more the
intermingling nozzles lost their actual function, namely generation of intermingling knots
Therefore, in case where a certain air treatment by way of intermingling nozzle was wanted,
however without knot formation in the yarn, it was convenient to take an intermingling nozzle
of the state-of-the-art technology, however simply reducing the air pressure to such an extent
till, due to lack of energy the compressed air no longer would form any knots. The
disadvantage was, that the reproduceability of the result left a lot to be desired.
Systematic series of experiments with the new solution surprisingly showed, that in the region
greater than by 15° for the introduction angle, by suitable adjustment of the blowing air
pressure new effects were generated, namely a slight crossing of the filaments and a
corresponding through-mix effect. In own experiments one could surprisingly determine, that
in case of prior application of lubrication agent on the yarn this got optimally distributed on
the yarn or the individual filaments and the effect of the lubrication agent itself on reduction
of the quantity of the lubricating agent by 5 to 20% became even clearer, as opposed to the
known practice. With this new solution one can achieve a steadier run, stability and an
increase of operational safety. Thus, in many cases, one can save 10 - 20% or more of
lubrication agent. There are several usage possibilities. It could quickly be seen that the
effect of slight crossing does not disturb any of the subsequent treatment stages, e g neither
the stretching nor the generation of a knot-yarn, or thermal effects like relaxation. For use of
the lubrication agent, the new solution fulfils a double function, namely crossing and
optimization of the lubrication agent application and its distribution. As the air flow in yarn
run direction gets a strong conveying effect, not only can the transportation speed of the air be
increased but the effect of the air, in the sense of intensive air whirls can also be increased
without generating knots. Thus, in practice a new element can be made available with very
positive effect, which was not possible till now in this manner, and which allows multiple
usage possibilities. In a vast majority of application cases, air is the optimum blowing
medium. It is however seen, that in special applications even steam can be used as medium,
e.g. for relaxation The new process stage is referred to below as migration stage and the new
air nozzle is referred to as migration nozzle.
In POY- and FOY-/FDY-spinning processes the thread run becomes steadier with an
additional migration stage. One gets a stabilization of the thread on the subsequent deflecting
or drawing rollers, and also due to the uniform distribution of the spinning lubrication
between the filaments and hence also by compensation of thread tension differences.
Depending on the spinning process, this takes place as follows
- In the FOY-/FDY-process the stabilization of the thread on the drawing or deflecting
rollers should take place by means of a uniform distribution of the spinning lubrication in
the thread, as well as a light through-mixing of the filaments (a kind of continuous
intermingling with knot formation). There should not be any intermingling points, as this
would lead to differences in friction during the drawing process on the drawing rollers.
The migration nozzle is situated before the first drawing roller. If one has to intermingle,
then it is done before the spooler with additional air whirling nozzle.
- In the POY process, similarly a stabilization of the thread on the rollers (here: deflecting
rollers) is attempted by means of a uniform distribution of the spinning lubrication between
the filaments; the mounting position is the same.
- In the BCF process, a stabilization of the individual filaments in the yarn and distribution
of the lubrication is generated. In the tricolour process, additionally a slight colour
separation in the yearn is achieved. Mounting position is the same as in the case of the
other processes.
The blowing air current is generated with compressed air which should preferably be less than
6 bar, preferably lesser than 1.5 bar and more preferably between 0.3 bar to 1.2 bar. In case
of finer yarns it has been seen that a pressure of approx. 0.5 bar is optimum. With the help of
the migration nozzle, a new path has been shown for crossing of the filaments, which was not
known before in practice. The technology coming next is intermingling. In intermingling, a
mixing and binding of the individual filaments of a yarn are sought, which in the result can be
identified by visible knots. During migration no knots should be formed, which is achieved
on the one hand by a blowing in angle of greater than 15°, preferably 20 - 60°, particularly
lesser than 45°, and on the other hand with a low pressure of the treatment air. Instead of knot
formation, only a mixing and crossing of the filaments is endeavoured. The air current
directed in yarn run direction has in the yarn channel a sufficiently intensive distribution and
mixing function for the lubrication agent. The lubrication agent gets more uniformly
distributed on the entire yarn due to the whirl flow and the very intensive movement of the
filaments relatively towards one another by means of local centrifugal and frictional
movements of the filaments, and with the help of the quite good binding effect for the
filaments of a yarn gives a noticeably stable thread run, even at the highest transportation
speed of a yarn as known presently. The mentioned jumping was no longer noticed after
using the new solution, so that even the danger of the thread breaking gets significantly
reduced. The treatment in the migration nozzle takes place within the framework of the
spinning process, preferably immediately after lubrication at very high transportation speed of
the yarn
The migration nozzle has a continuous treatment channel which extends in thread run
direction in many application, with a compressed air feeding into the yarn channel directed in
transportation direction, which goes into the yarn channel at an inclination of more than 15° to
the vertical. The migration nozzle is attached at a free distance immediately after a device for
application of lubrication agent. The effective yarn channel length is preferably designed
constantly extended, with the smallest cross-section in the region of yarn feed and largest
cross-section in the region of the yarn removal from the yarn channel of the migration nozzle.
Earlier experiments have shown that good results can be achieved if the ratio between the
inlet cross-section and outlet cross-section is approx. 1:2. The air feeder ends approx at the
end of the first one-third of the treatment channel. Over the length of the yarn channel the
migration nozzle has a threading hole. This is preferably arranged in the upper one-third of
the yarn channel in the separation level between nozzle plate and baffle plate. The migration
nozzle can be designed as single, double or multiple nozzle.
Instead of migration, the same or slightly modified nozzle can be used for relaxation, whereby
steam instead of compressed air would be required. Depending on the application, the nozzle
can be used as closed or open nozzle with threading hole.
It has been recognized by the inventors that a nozzle with binding agent can remain operation-
safe only if the nozzle, pressure, heat, steam or chemical substances are durable With the
glue compounds used so far, not all practical problems could be satisfactorily solved
Furthermore, glue compounds can only be investigated only if the practical conditions are
already known. A glue compound cannot be determined in its composition with respect to
attack from still unknown chemicals which could be used in future, however with additional
heat and humidity effect. In the new solution, the binding agents are preferably arranged in a
common alignment, preferably aligned with the yarn run. Surprisingly, in a corresponding
pin binding it could be determined that contrary to the state-of-the-art technology, in this way
the entire nozzle body can be built much smaller, even in miniature form. Particularly while
using a double nozzle, or several nozzles beside one another, the division between two
adjacent yarn runs can be selected significantly smaller than before. In some application
cases this even has a reactive effect on the galette size With the possibility of the
miniaturization, on one and the same machine size, thanks to the new binding, additional yarn
runs can be foreseen and accordingly the total efficiency of the machine can be increased.
This means that the binding agent previously used in watch technology also brings
unexpected advantages at totally different levels. The strong holding together of the parts can
be ensured by a classical screw binding, as in the state-of-the-art technology. The new
solution is particularly advantageous in the application as intermingling nozzle and as thermal
treatment body and, as will be shown later, as migration nozzle.
In conformity with the known intermingling nozzles, the treatment medium is directed as far
as possible exactly on to the longitudinal central axis of the yarn channel, however at an
inclination greater than 15° in yarn transportation direction In this way, uniform whirls are
generated on both sides, however no knots.
Short Description of the Invention
The new solution is described with further details below on the basis of several design
example. The following are shown in big enlargements:
Fig. 1 A lubrication with subsequent migration nozzle each, in section;
Fig 2a the migration nozzle shown in fig. 1 in larger scale;
Fig 2b the air whirl flow in the yarn channel;
Fig.2c a single and
Fig.2d a double migration nozzle as open structure with threading hole;
Figs. 3a - 3c an optimum binding of a divided nozzle with alignment pins;
Figs. 4a and 4b show two migration nozzles with different opening angle ß of the yarn
channel;
Figs. 5a - 5c different designs of a migration nozzle with integrated lubrication agent
feed;
Fig. 6a an enlargement of untreated plain yarn;
Fig 6b plain yarn with crossings of the filaments;
Fig.6c intermingled yarn with two typical knots with left-twist or right-twist;
Fig.7a - 7c schematically, three different usage areas, of a migration nozzle as well
as an intermingling nozzle as in the state-of-the-art technology,
Figs. 8a and 8b two usage examples for POY yarn;
Figs 9a - 9c three usage areas for FDY yarn;
Fig. 1 Oa usage in technical yarns;
Fig. 1 Ob usage for BCF yarn.
Methods and Design of the Invention
Fig. 1 shows a cutout from a yarn treatment stage 1, whereby on the left the chemical
lubrication stage 2 and on the right the migration stage 3 is shown. Yarn 4 comes directly
from a spinning process and is led through a lubrication device, which has a basic body 5 in
which a feed channel for the lubrication agent CH.Pr is guided from below up to the region of
the thread run and ends with the so-called lubrication lips 7. Above the lubrication lips 7, two
U-shaped guide studs 8 are arranged, which lead the yarn 4 sideways over the lubrication lips
7. The basic body 5 ideally has a bulged guide groove 9, in such a way that the thread run is
compulsorily guided in a protective manner over the point of contact of the yarn 4 with the
lubrication agent CH.Pr. The application of the lubrication agent CH.Pr on the yarn 4 takes
place like a move-along effect through loop contact. As the lubrication agent CH.Pr in the
feed channel 6 is under pressure only as long as a sure after-flow is guaranteed, it is not
possible to uniformly network all filaments of the yarn. The result is that the yarn 4 cannot be
homogeneously provided with the lubrication agent over the lubrication lips 7. Depending on
the type of lubrication agent, the applied lubrication agent film partly dries on one side
rapidly, so that the effectivity gets reduced. The inventors have identified that this problem
can be eliminated with the help of a first design, in that the yarn 4 is subjected to a more
intensive air whirl flow shortly after the lubrication, at a distance FA in a migration nozzle 10
A double whirl flow has proved to be optimum, which generates a good through-mixing of
the lubrication agent in the entire yarn bundle and at the same time generates a crossing of the
filaments in the yarn 4'. In doing so, intermingling knots (fig. 6c) should be avoided. The
yarn gets opened by the double whirl flow and slightly crosses the individual filaments
against one another (see fig. 6b).
A migration nozzle 10 is shown on a larger scale in fig. 2a, once again in section. The
migration nozzle 10 is designed two-part and consists of an upper cover plate or pall plate 11
as well as lower nozzle plate 12 with the connection 13 for the treatment medium. From the
connection 13 the medium is fed through a first hole 14 as well as a compressed medium feed
channel 15 into the yarn channel 16. Important thereby is the blow-in direction, which is
denoted by the angle a. The angle a must be greater than 10° to the vertical with respect to
the yarn run into the yarn channel 16. According to earlier experiments the angle a should
even be greater than approx. 15°. Due to the angular range of 15° - 60°, like before, a double
whirl and at the same time also a strong conveying effect is generated in the yarn
transportation direction. As shown in fig. 2a, the mouth of the compressed medium feed
channel 15 lies at the end of approx. the first one-third of the yarn channel 16, as can be seen
from the dimension data X and Y. On the three sections marked by the dimension arrows
(treatment channel beginning A, mouth of the air blow-in B and end of the treatment channel
C) the free cross-section of the yarn channel 16 becomes increasingly greater in yarn
transportation direction. The size of the narrowest cross-section depends on the titre of the
yarn as already known in the case of intermingling nozzles. The surface F3 is approx. twice
as large as F1 depending on the angle, F2 is correspondingly proportional between both
values F1 and F3. Contrary to the lubrication stage 2, in which a chemical lubrication agent
(CH.Pr) is added, the migration stage 3 works with a gas-shaped medium. It could be mere
compressed air, heated air or steam, depending on the kind of desired treatment A free
distance FA between the lubrication device 5 and the migration nozzle 10 is of great
advantage for the subsequent fitting of a migration nozzle in existing plants. The gas-shaped
medium used in the migration nozzle 10 should at least work dominantly in yarn
transportation direction, in such a way that the minimum possible of gas-shaped medium
blows back into the inlet region 20 of the yarn channel 16, which could disturb the application
of the chemical lubrication agent CH.Pr. As already mentioned earlier, for migration
relatively lesser pressure of treatment gas is required, which in many cases of application lies
approx. between 0.3 and 1.5 bar. The baffle surface 21 should preferably be designed as
smooth surface, whereas the opposite side 22 (air blow-in side) is rounded. The channel
width in the region of the nozzle plate KBD should, according to fig 2b, be at least equal to
or greater than the channel width KBP in the baffle plate, so that the individual filaments do
not remain hanging at the protrusions, particularly in the region of the threading hole 22, or no
corresponding disturbances are caused. Fig. 2c shows a single yarn treatment nozzle, fig. 2d
shows a double nozzle. In fig. 2d the division T between two adjacent yarn runs are shown.
In many cases it is possible to provide instead of only a single compressed medium feed
channel 15, two or more channels, which work appropriately.
Figs. 3a and 3b show a two-part migration nozzle 10 as section of the fig. 3c. Fig. 3a is a
section IIIa - IIIa of fig. 3c, fig. 3b is a section IIIb - IIIb of the fig. 3c. Fig. 3c is a section III
- III of the fig. 3a. The migration nozzle 10 consists of a nozzle plate 11 and a cover plate 12.
Both parts can be solidly fixed by a screw 32 (fig 3b). For the exact positioning, especially
as mounting aids, the nozzle plate 10 and the cover plate 12 are secured by two aligning pins
33, 33' against displacement in a level (shown in fig. 3b by X - X) according to the arrow 34.
The shown aligning pins 33, 33' have a double function in the shown example. Apart from
positioning of nozzle plate and cover plate with respect to one another, they also serve the
purpose of local fixing of the entire migration nozzle 10 to the holding frame 35 which is not
shown. The aligning pins 33, 33' are already mounted by the manufacturer in one of the
nozzle parts. Important thereby is that the supporting is not done on a glue joint, welding
joint or soldering joint, but the mechanical clamping agents give an anchoring into the
material of the air treatment body. A clamping spring or clamping ring 36 represent the
mechanical clamping agents. For the clamping ring 36, a relief somewhat similar in shape to
the clamping agent is provided in connection with a conical recess in the nozzle plate 11 A
lead-in cone makes the automatic mounting of the aligning pins easier The nozzle plate 11
has two alignment holes. The aligning pin can also be manually inserted into a through-hole
37 which is shown dashed line, till the clamping ring 36 comes to the end position of the lead-
in cone. The remaining movement for inserting the aligning pin 33 can be done with a light
impact, e.g. by a rubber hammer, so that the clamping spring 36 jumps into the relief In the
finally mounted condition, the aligning pin 33 protrudes on both sides. The counter-piece to
the nozzle plate 11 is the cover plate 12, which correspondingly has two axis-parallel pin-
holes at an identical distance. The mounting of both parts 11, 12 already takes place at the
manufacturer's place. In the application operation, for cleaning the parts, after loosening the
screw 32, the parts can be removed from one another in the axis direction of the aligning pins.
A further great advantage of the suggested solution is, that later recycling is improved due to
the easy separability of the parts and each material can be separately processed. This is
important also because the yarn treatment nozzles are wear- and-tear parts.
Figs. 3a and 3c show a possible shape of yarn channel 16 for treatment of yarn with
compressed air or steam The position for a medium connector is marked by DL, whereby the
medium, e.g. with 1 to 10 bar is introduced into the yarn channel 16 through a feed hole 15.
Ideally, both the aligning pins 33, 33' are arranged on a common horizontal line 37 (VE)
along with the screw 32. In this way the aligning joint as well as the force connection is
optimum and allows a particularly close division for the yarn run.
Both the basic bodies of the migration nozzles are made of highly wear-resistant and very
costly material, especially ceramic. The holes or seats for the clamping agents can be
manufactured standardized or automated with respect to the diameters and diameter ratios.
The aligning pins, on the other hand, can be fabricated in different lengths for the respective
application as reasonably priced decoltage parts.
Figs. 2b, 2c and 2c as well as 3 a to 3 c are also examples for thermal treatment in one or two
through-run chambers, particularly for treatment of yarn with hot steam or hot air without
immediate prior lubrication. Each through-run chamber has a yarn inlet 38, a yarn outlet 39
and in the centre region a medium feeding opening 5. If the medium is hot steam, for very
high yarn transportation speeds today one gets as disadvantage with yarn which has been
treated priorly with lubrication agents at some point of time, extremely aggressive conditions.
Particularly interesting in the example shown is, that both the through-run chambers or steam
chambers have a significantly large length measurement which is conditioned by the working
process, or has to be determined from case to case As one can see from fig 2b, 2c and 2d,
the yarn treatment body has not only one but two or more through-run chambers. With the
new design of the binding agents, both the chambers can be built particularly close to one
another. If several parallel yarn runs are required, then this is particularly advantageous,
because in this way the division T between two adjacent yarn runs can be selected extremely
small. The aligning pin joint and screw joint is preferably attached on a line 37 parallel to the
yarn run and is resistant to lubrication agents. The medium fed through the feed opening 15
can leave the through-run chamber through the yarn inlet 38 or the yarn outlet 39. If only one
single treatment position is in use, the medium quantity is still small and can flow away into
the room. However, if many steam positions are used in the same room, then particularly in
case of hot steam, it should be collected out of the through-run chamber and removed.
Ideally, one or more positions should be surrounded by a common medium collecting
housing. In case of thermal treatment, a radiation effect must be avoided. Steam feeding can
also be done through several holes. It is important to avoid a strong radiation effect by the
thermal medium in case of thermal treatment, whether it is hot air, hot steam or any hot
medium mixture, which, for example, could also contain lubrication agents. Figs. 4a and 4b
show an example each for different extension angle (3 of the yarn channel. Fig. 4a shows a
larger angle ß2 with 5-10°. Fig. 4b shows an angle less than 6°.
In fig 5a, the possibility of a yarn channel with constant cross-section is shown by two short
parallel dashes Fig. 5a to 5c show the basic possibility in a migration nozzle of adding
lubrication agent CH Pr through a feed channel. The lubrication agent CH.Pr is fed directly
into the yarn channel 16 through a fine hole 40. At the entry point, the lubrication agent can
be applied directly on the running yarn by wiping, as in the case of the lubrication lips. As
there is an enormous variety of different lubrication agents, even with respect to consistency,
the special lubrication agent application has to be adapted in special cases. A further
possibility is shown in fig. 5c. Here the lubrication agent is fed into the yarn channel 16
through the hole 40 in the compressed medium feed channel 15 As in the case of application
of steam as treatment medium, it could also become necessary in the solution as shown in
figs. 5a - 5c to suction off the exiting air. For an optimum mixing and application of the
lubrication agent, one or more pouches 41 can be arranged in the region of the holes
Fig. 6a shows a strong enlargement of a plain yarn 4, whereby the individual filaments run
almost parallel in the thread. The parallel bundling of the filaments has the great
disadvantage, in that firstly the thread bundle is very loose and secondly the individual
filaments can break away from the bundle very easily and could pose problems during
processing. Fig. 6c shows as counter-piece a knot-yarn, which was produced in a classical
intermingling nozzle. One can see above and below one knot respectively, whereby L is a
left-twist knot and R a right-twist knot. The knot binding is relatively stable; however, the
knot-yarn can again get released by strong and multiple tuggings on a piece Knot formation
pre-requires a filament yarn. If the yarn already has half or weak knots, the actual knot
formation becomes more difficult and bad in an intermingling nozzle. The yarn sample
between the knot yarn (fig. 6c) and plain yarn (fig. 6a) is the new crossed yarn (fig 6b). The
individual filaments are lightly crossed against one another or, in other words, continuously
mixed in the other constallation The crossing gives a sufficient holding together so that in
the immediately subsequent processing the bundle cannot get loose, especially individual
filaments can no longer get removed from the bundle. The crossed yarn gives the subsequent
processing precisely the required safety for transportation or spooling or the particular
treatment stages which will be explained below
Fig. 7a schematically shows from top to bottom a spinning line for POY, fig. 7b for
FDY/FOY as spin drawing line and fig. 7c the application for a spinning drawing texturising
line BCF-yarn, which has spinning 50, a migration stage 51, a drawing stage 52, a texturising
stage 53 and an intermingling 54 and finally a spooling 55. In fig. 7a the stage stretching and
texturising are missing and in fig. 7 only texturising is missing as compared to fig. 7c.
Figs 8a and 8b as well as 9a to 9c show usages of a migration stage 51 in different spinning
processes, whereby 50 denotes a so-called spin beam with subsequent spinning shaft as well
as the blowing, 2 denotes the lubrication stage and 60 denotes an automatic yarn cutting
device. Before the winding stage, the intermingling is denoted by 54. 3 is the migration stage
the 55 is the winding stage. In figs. 8a and 8b DrTw denotes "Draw Twisting" and DRW
denotes "Draw Winding", which follows subsequently. Figs. 8a and 8b stand for POY-yarn,
whereas figs. 9a to 9c indicate an application for FDY-yarn Points at which heat is
introduced are marked with HEAT
Fig. 10a shows a process of technical yarn and fig. 10b shows a BCF-process.
The reference numerical 60 is put in brackets in figs. 8a, 8b, 9a - 9c, 10a, 10b With this it
becomes clear that the concrete use of the migration nozzle alone or a combination with a
lubrication stage or as a third possibility, the use of a combined nozzle is possible as shown in
figs. 5a and 5c.
For the design, shapes of cross-section etc. one could refer to the possibilities given in EP-P
PS 564 400, EP-PS 465 405 or US-PS 5 010 631.
WE CLAIM:
1. Migration method by means of treating filament yarn channel (16) of a
nozzle by feeding a blowing medium into the yarn channel (16) wherein
the blowing medium is introduced into the yarn channel (16) directed in
thread run direction and at an introduction angle which has an angular
variation a from the vertical to the thread run direction, which is greater
than 15°, however lesser than 45°, the filaments of the lubricated yarn
(4,40 are thoroughly mixed and lightly crossed without generating knots.
2. Migration method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nozzle is arranged at
a free distance, immediately after a device for application of lubrication
agents, especially lubrication lips (7).
3. Migration method as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein the lubrication
agent is fed into the yarn channel (16) directly to the running yarn (4,4'),
before or after introduction of the blowing medium.
4. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the
lubrication agent is fed into the blowing medium feed immediately on
entry into the yarn channel (16) or into the feed channel of the blowing
air.
5. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the
blowing medium is introduced as compressed air having less than 6 bar,
before the longitudinal centre of the yarn channel (16), preferably in the
first one-third, and is directed on to the centre line of the yarn channel
(16).
6. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the
blowing medium flow is generated with compressed air of lesser than 1.5
bar and the introduction angle into the yarn channel (16) is 15°-30°.
7. Migration method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blowing medium flow
is generated with steam having a pressure of 4-10 bar and the
introduction angle into the yarn channel (16) is 25° - 45°.
8. Migration method as claimed in one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the
treatment takes place within the framework of a filament spinning process
at correspondingly high transportation speeds of the yarn (4).
9. Migration device for handling lubricated filament yarn wherein the device
is designed as migration nozzle (10), with a compressed medium feed
channel (15) going into the yarn channel (16) and directed in the yarn run
direction, which has an angular deviation of a from the vertical to the yarn
run direction or to the longitudinal centre axis of the yarn channel (16)
and this angle is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45° and is
directed into the yarn channel (16).
10. Migration device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the migration nozzle (10)
is designed as a two-part nozzle plate (12) and baffle plate (11) and has a
threading hole (23) over the length of the yarn channel (16), which is
preferably arranged in the separation level between nozzle plate (12) and
baffle plate (11).
11. Migration device as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 10, wherein the
migration nozzle (10) is designed as single or as multiple nozzle.
12. Device as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 11, wherein the migration
nozzle (10) has a feed hole (40) for lubrication agents, going immediately
into the yarn channel (16) or into the compressed yarn feed channel (15).
13. Device as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 12, wherein the yarn channel
(16) has one or more pouches 41 for the lubrication agent, which is/are
arranged on the side opposite to the mouth of the feed hole (40) for the
lubrication agent.
14. Application of the device as claimed in claims 9 to 14 for a good through-
mixing and uniform distribution of lubrication agent or filament yarn,
whereby the filaments are combined to a lightly crossed, however knot-
free yarn (4) and the lubrication agent is simultaneously distributed
optimally on the entire yarn (4).
Migration method by means of treating filament yarn channel (16) of a nozzle by
feeding a blowing medium into the yarn channel (16) wherein the blowing
medium is introduced into the yarn channel (16) directed in thread run direction
and at an introduction angle which has an angular variation a from the vertical to
the thread run direction, which is greater than 15°, however lesser than 45°, the
filaments of the lubricated yarn (4,4') are thoroughly mixed and lightly crossed
without generating knots

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Patent Number

225232

Indian Patent Application Number

IN/PCT/2001/00842/KOL

PG Journal Number

45/2008

Publication Date

07-Nov-2008

Grant Date

05-Nov-2008

Date of Filing

17-Aug-2001

Name of Patentee

OERLIKON HEBERLEIN TEMCO WATTWIL AG

Applicant Address

BLEIKENSTRASSE 11, 9630 WATTWIL

Inventors:

#	Inventor's Name	Inventor's Address
1	BUCHMULLER PATRICK	LUTISMUHLE, CH 9643 KRUMMENAU

PCT International Classification Number

D02G 1/16

PCT International Application Number

PCT/CH00/00120

PCT International Filing date

2000-03-03

PCT Conventions:

#	PCT Application Number	Date of Convention	Priority Country
1	390/99	1999-03-03	Switzerland